Optical Fiber Technology最新文献

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Harmonic Mode-Locked pulse generation via multimode interference in Graded-Index multimode fiber within an Erbium-Doped fiber laser 掺铒光纤激光器中梯度折射率多模光纤多模干涉产生谐波锁模脉冲
IF 2.7 3区 计算机科学
Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104474
Nurul Izzah S. Wadi , Yu Chen , Ahmed Nady , Ahmad Haziq A. Rosol , Anas A. Latiff , Muhammad Imran M.A. Khudus , Ahmad Shuhaimi A. Bakar
{"title":"Harmonic Mode-Locked pulse generation via multimode interference in Graded-Index multimode fiber within an Erbium-Doped fiber laser","authors":"Nurul Izzah S. Wadi ,&nbsp;Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Ahmed Nady ,&nbsp;Ahmad Haziq A. Rosol ,&nbsp;Anas A. Latiff ,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran M.A. Khudus ,&nbsp;Ahmad Shuhaimi A. Bakar","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, harmonic mode-locked (HML) pulses were generated in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using the multimode interference (MMI) effect within a simple interferometer formed by sandwiching a graded-index multimode fiber (GIMF) between two standard single-mode fibers (SMFs). The core diameter mismatch between the SMF and GIMF induces MMI and enables efficient coupling of high-intensity light, effectively replicating the behavior of a saturable absorber (SA). Fundamental soliton pulses with a repetition rate of 20.89 MHz and a maximum pulse energy of 0.23 nJ were obtained within a pump range of 23.18 to 66.23 mW. As the pump power increased above 66.23 up to 103.12 mW, the laser transitioned to second-order harmonic mode-locking, doubling the repetition rate to 41.70 MHz. This transition arises from gain depletion and pulse peak clamping within the cavity, leading to pulse splitting and harmonic generation. The HML pulses operated at 1573.8 nm with a duration of 290 fs and an exceptionally high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 80 dB, confirming excellent stability. The cost-effective and compact SMF–GIMF–SMF structure thus offers a promising route toward sustainable, high-performance photonic systems for future industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A novel method for eliminating crosstalk in spectral beam combining of fiber lasers with an external cavity 一种消除光纤激光器与外腔组合光束串扰的新方法
IF 2.7 3区 计算机科学
Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104490
Tian-jun He, Sheng-bao Zhan, Wen-ze Niu, Nai-kun Xu, Lin Zou, Wen-sheng Chen, Chen Liu
{"title":"A novel method for eliminating crosstalk in spectral beam combining of fiber lasers with an external cavity","authors":"Tian-jun He,&nbsp;Sheng-bao Zhan,&nbsp;Wen-ze Niu,&nbsp;Nai-kun Xu,&nbsp;Lin Zou,&nbsp;Wen-sheng Chen,&nbsp;Chen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing the crosstalk issue in spectral beam combining (SBC) with an external cavity, a novel method to eliminate crosstalk by using cascaded reflective volume Bragg gratings (R-VBG) was proposed, and the required grating parameters, as well as threshold power in laser oscillation are calculated. The influences of beam divergence, spectral width, and thermal deformation of R-VBG for eliminating crosstalk were analyzed according to the calculated parameters. The simulation results show that, when the divergence angle, the spectral width, and the grating temperature are less than 1.31 mrad, 1.06 nm, and 123.3 ℃, respectively, the crosstalk between different emitters can be eliminated. On the basis of the designed system, an SBC experimental system using an R-VBG as combiner was established. The experimental results show that any one of the measured spectra for the combined beam is completely consistent with the spectrum of the corresponding single laser. Further, when the grating undergoes thermal deformation, the measured spectra of the combined beam are also consistent with the spectra of the measured beam at room temperature. The experiments under room temperature and grating thermal deformation indicate that the designed system can effectively eliminate the crosstalk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing Wing Shape Reconstruction Precision in FBG Sensors Through Temperature Compensation and Strain Correction Mechanisms 利用温度补偿和应变校正机制提高FBG传感器翼形重构精度
IF 2.7 3区 计算机科学
Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104467
Xingling Peng , Zhipeng Gong , Hongfeng Shi , Mengdong Tang , Yiheng Li , Yingpeng Cha , Yulong Li
{"title":"Enhancing Wing Shape Reconstruction Precision in FBG Sensors Through Temperature Compensation and Strain Correction Mechanisms","authors":"Xingling Peng ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Gong ,&nbsp;Hongfeng Shi ,&nbsp;Mengdong Tang ,&nbsp;Yiheng Li ,&nbsp;Yingpeng Cha ,&nbsp;Yulong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the degradation in wing shape reconstruction accuracy caused by the drift of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing signals under dynamic force-thermal coupling conditions in aerospace applications, a novel wing shape reconstruction algorithm incorporating temperature compensation and strain correction is proposed. A wing curvature and displacement calculation model based on FBG temperature compensation and strain correction is constructed to achieve real-time compensation for temperature drift in FBG sensing signals, correction of strain transfer error, and decoupling of temperature, strain, curvature, and displacement. The temperature, strain, and displacement sensitivities of the carbon fiber composite wing model were calibrated via force/thermal loading tests. The curvature and wing tip displacement were obtained before and after temperature compensation. Combined with cubic spline curvature interpolation, coordinate transformation and B-spline surface reconstruction algorithm, the wing 3D surface shape reconstruction was completed. Test results indicate that without temperature compensation, the average relative error in wing tip displacement reconstruction reaches 8.75%. After real-time temperature compensation, this error is significantly reduced to 2.74%, with a deviation of only 0.72% from the finite element simulation benchmark error of 2.02%. This method significantly enhances the accuracy of wing shape reconstruction in force-thermal environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145435401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design of weakly coupled few-mode hybrid nested-single tube anti-resonant fiber with low loss 弱耦合低损耗少模杂化嵌套单管抗谐振光纤的设计
IF 2.7 3区 计算机科学
Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104495
Mengjuan Qin , Youchao Jiang , Yuzhen Zhao , Yongfu Su , Shiying Xiao , Wenhua Ren , Guobin Ren , Fengping Yan
{"title":"Design of weakly coupled few-mode hybrid nested-single tube anti-resonant fiber with low loss","authors":"Mengjuan Qin ,&nbsp;Youchao Jiang ,&nbsp;Yuzhen Zhao ,&nbsp;Yongfu Su ,&nbsp;Shiying Xiao ,&nbsp;Wenhua Ren ,&nbsp;Guobin Ren ,&nbsp;Fengping Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we design a hybrid nested-single tube anti-resonant fiber (HNST-ARF) with few-mode transmission characteristics, aiming at solving the problems of high higher-order mode loss and significant mode crosstalk in conventional hollow-core fibers. After optimization of the structural parameters, the low-loss transmission of LP<sub>01</sub>, LP<sub>11</sub> and LP<sub>21</sub> modes can be supported in the range of 1–1.3 μm, with the LP01 confinement loss as low as 4.46 × 10<sup>−7</sup> dB/m, and the confinement losses of the higher-order modes are all lower than 0.001 dB/m. It supports low-loss transmission of LP<sub>01</sub> and LP<sub>11</sub> modes in the range of 1.3–1.37 μm. The effective refractive index difference between modes is always greater than 1 × 10<sup>−4</sup>, which satisfies the weak coupling condition between modes and can effectively suppress inter-mode crosstalk. Further comparative analysis shows that the synergistic effect of gap single-layer tube and symmetric double inner tube design can effectively suppress the cladding leakage and gap mode coupling. In addition, HNST-ARF with a bending radius of 10 cm or larger have less impact on the transmission performance of HNST-ARF with fewer modes, and the mode capacity can be dynamically regulated by wavelength selection. This study provides theoretical support and design examples for the application of hollow-core fibers in mode division multiplexing (MDM) systems and high-capacity optical communications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A passive bidirectional audio transmission system with integrated sensing, energy supply, and communication 一种集成传感、能量供应和通信的无源双向音频传输系统
IF 2.7 3区 计算机科学
Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104500
Cong Liu , Xuan Chen , Chenggang Guan , Sheng Hu , Weiqi Wang , Yifan Xiao , Linfeng Zhan , Yifeng Chen , Chaoqiang Dong , Xuelong Fan , Qiang Wan , Chen Xu
{"title":"A passive bidirectional audio transmission system with integrated sensing, energy supply, and communication","authors":"Cong Liu ,&nbsp;Xuan Chen ,&nbsp;Chenggang Guan ,&nbsp;Sheng Hu ,&nbsp;Weiqi Wang ,&nbsp;Yifan Xiao ,&nbsp;Linfeng Zhan ,&nbsp;Yifeng Chen ,&nbsp;Chaoqiang Dong ,&nbsp;Xuelong Fan ,&nbsp;Qiang Wan ,&nbsp;Chen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a passive bidirectional audio transmission system that enables the simultaneous transmission of energy, sensing, and communication. The system achieves passive bidirectional audio transmission over a 10 km optical fiber link integrated with fiber Bragg gratings. In the uplink, a phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) technique incorporating integrated ultra-weak fiber Bragg gratings (UWFBGs) is employed to realize quasi-distributed acoustic sensing and audio reconstruction across the entire fiber link, achieving a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 52.22 dB and a frequency response ranging from 500 Hz to 3 kHz. For the downlink, a self-developed InGaAs/InP photovoltaic power converter (PPC) is utilized to simultaneously supply power and transmit audio signals, eliminating the need for any external power source. Under low-light conditions, the system still maintains an audio SNR of 51.8 dB and an energy conversion efficiency of 13.2 %, thereby enabling a fully passive terminal. Experiments show that the system still possesses excellent performance in long-distance, unpowered, and low-light environments, providing an effective communication solution for special scenarios such as high-voltage and mining operations. This study presents a novel terminal-passive optical fiber platform that integrates sensing, power supply, and communication, offering a new solution for safe and reliable optical communication and perception in extreme environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Width- and amplitude-tunable double-scale pulse in a low-repetition-rate mode-locked fiber laser 低重复率锁模光纤激光器中宽度和幅度可调双尺度脉冲
IF 2.7 3区 计算机科学
Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104499
Ying Qin , Zhehai Zhou , Guoqing Hu , Guangwei Chen , Li Chen , Yue Zhao , Jibo Han , Tengfei Wu
{"title":"Width- and amplitude-tunable double-scale pulse in a low-repetition-rate mode-locked fiber laser","authors":"Ying Qin ,&nbsp;Zhehai Zhou ,&nbsp;Guoqing Hu ,&nbsp;Guangwei Chen ,&nbsp;Li Chen ,&nbsp;Yue Zhao ,&nbsp;Jibo Han ,&nbsp;Tengfei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The generation and evolution of double-scale pulse from a single low-repetition-rate fiber laser cavity are theoretically and experimentally investigated. A 4.5-MHz-repetition-rate mode-locked laser cavity is constructed by introducing sufficient long fiber and nonlinear polarization evolution. By finely adjusting the intracavity state of polarization and pump parameters, noise-like square pulses are demonstrated in the near-zero dispersion regime. Besides, the individual control of amplitude and pulsewidth of noise-like square pulses is obtained by configuring bidirectional pumps. These results provide valuable theoretical and experimental insights for the design, construction, and control of low-repetition-rate, noise-like square pulses fiber lasers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temperature self-compensated double-hole optical fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor for detection of chiral (R,S)-anatabine 温度自补偿双孔光纤表面等离子体共振传感器检测手性(R,S)-阿那他滨
IF 2.7 3区 计算机科学
Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104498
Nan Chen , Wenbin Zhang , Yangyang Li , YiYang Chen , Yi Ma , Yuanxiang Ji , Shijun Li , Wenyu Yan , Feng Zhang , Yu Yang , Lingxin Kong
{"title":"Temperature self-compensated double-hole optical fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor for detection of chiral (R,S)-anatabine","authors":"Nan Chen ,&nbsp;Wenbin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yangyang Li ,&nbsp;YiYang Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Ma ,&nbsp;Yuanxiang Ji ,&nbsp;Shijun Li ,&nbsp;Wenyu Yan ,&nbsp;Feng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Yang ,&nbsp;Lingxin Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anatabine, as an important alkaloid component in tobacco, has potential application value in flavor regulation and the development of characteristic tobacco products. However, traditional detection methods have limitations such as complex sample processing and weak anti-interference ability. In this regard, this study proposes a chiral molecular enantiomeric selectivity sensor based on double-hole optical fiber (DOF). Multi-parameter detection is achieved by integrating surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) technologies. It innovatively adopts a cascade structure of single-mode fiber (SMF)- multimode fiber (MMF)-DOF. Nano-metal films are deposited in the dual-hole fiber region to excite the SPR effect, and the UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> metal–organic framework (MOF) is coated as the chiral recognition carrier. Au/R-Tar@UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> and Au/TiO<sub>2</sub>/S-Tar@UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> composite films were respectively modified on both sides of the sensor to stimulate surface plasmon resonance 1 (SPR-1) and 2 (SPR-2) as sensing channels 1 and 2. This design can achieve specific recognition of liquid (R)-(+)-anatabine and (S)-(−)-anatabine. Moreover, single-mode optical fibers and dual-hole optical fibers can be combined to form MZI, which serves as the sensing channel 3 to eliminate temperature interference. The detection sensitivities of (R)-(+)-anatabine and (S)-(−)-anatabine are 51.743 pm/nM and 49.512 pm/nM respectively, and the minimum detection limit is 0.386 nM. This design provides an innovative detection solution for chiral drug enantiomer analysis in complex environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design of Clad-pumped 3M-EDFA for MDM-WDM system with 3 × 16 channels 3 × 16信道MDM-WDM系统包层泵送3M-EDFA的设计
IF 2.7 3区 计算机科学
Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104476
Ifrah Amin, Suhail K. Naik, Gausia Qazi
{"title":"Design of Clad-pumped 3M-EDFA for MDM-WDM system with 3 × 16 channels","authors":"Ifrah Amin,&nbsp;Suhail K. Naik,&nbsp;Gausia Qazi","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mode division multiplexing-wavelength division multiplexing (MDM-WDM) is a critical technology for expanding optical fiber transmission capacity, addressing future capacity demands. Few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier (FM-EDFA) is crucial for mitigating optical fiber loss in MDM-WDM systems within space division multiplexing (SDM) environments. We aim to develop a three-mode EDFA (3M-EDFA) capable of accommodating 16 wavelengths for each signal mode in MDM-WDM systems. In this research, we exploit the property of emission and absorption cross-sections of erbium ions in silica glass. Maintaining the integrated normalised population over a particular range of values along our branching matrix multi-optimization strategy for the optimisation of FM-EDFA for MDM-WDM system. Employing cladding pump power, 3M-EDFA system showcases exceptional performance, achieving gains exceeding 24.36 dB and maintaining noise figures below 3.47 dB across all the 48 channels. Across all channels, the 3M-EDFA has a gain excursion (GE) and noise figure excursion (NFE) of 1.1 dB and 0.27 dB. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that the pinnacle values attained for the differential modal gain (DMG) and differential modal noise figure (DMNF) within the wavelength range of 1533 nm to 1540.5 nm are a mere 0.17 dB and 0.18 dB, respectively. These new characteristics of FM-EDFA make it ideally suited for MDM-WDM applications, rendering it an exceptional choice for powering high-capacity MDM-WDM networks within SDM environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multimode LD-pumped bismuth-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers (Invited) 多模led泵浦掺铋光纤激光器和放大器(特邀)
IF 2.7 3区 计算机科学
Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104503
S.V. Alyshev , A.M. Khegai , A.A. Umnikov , S.V. Firstov
{"title":"Multimode LD-pumped bismuth-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers (Invited)","authors":"S.V. Alyshev ,&nbsp;A.M. Khegai ,&nbsp;A.A. Umnikov ,&nbsp;S.V. Firstov","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reviews the development of the continuous wave (CW) lasers and optical amplifiers operating in a wavelength range of 1300–1700 nm based on bismuth-doped fibers pumped by high-power multimode semiconductor laser diodes (LDs). Here, we consider general principles and peculiarities of operation of such gain media in terms of energy-level configuration of bismuth active centers with optical transitions in near-IR and the resulting spectroscopic properties. This review is focused primarily on the latest results regarding the state-of-the-art advances in the power scalability of the cladding-pumped Bi-doped fiber lasers and amplifiers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A symbol-level chaotic masking scheme based on three-dimensional constellation flip coding 一种基于三维星座翻转编码的符号级混沌掩蔽方案
IF 2.7 3区 计算机科学
Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104460
Xiaoxin Ge , Bo Liu , Jianxin Ren , Yaya Mao , Shuaidong Chen , Xiumin Song , Tingting Sun , Dongxu Zhu , Mengtong Yin , Zining Pan , Wen Han
{"title":"A symbol-level chaotic masking scheme based on three-dimensional constellation flip coding","authors":"Xiaoxin Ge ,&nbsp;Bo Liu ,&nbsp;Jianxin Ren ,&nbsp;Yaya Mao ,&nbsp;Shuaidong Chen ,&nbsp;Xiumin Song ,&nbsp;Tingting Sun ,&nbsp;Dongxu Zhu ,&nbsp;Mengtong Yin ,&nbsp;Zining Pan ,&nbsp;Wen Han","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a symbol-level chaotic masking scheme based on three-dimensional (3D) constellation flip coding. A 3D composite constellation is constructed using regular octagonal diamond shape and regular tetrahedrons as primitive elements. Probabilistic shaping (PS) is introduced to optimize the distribution of constellation points, further enhancing the overall constellation performance. Furthermore, a multi-layer encryption system combining symbol-subcarrier joint perturbation via a 4D multi-phase hyperchaotic system and constellation flip coding encryption is implemented to ensure transmission security. Experimental validation over a 2-km seven-core fiber successfully achieved 59.06 Gb/s orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal transmission, demonstrating the superior performance of the proposed constellation. At forward error correction (FEC) threshold of 3.8 × 10<sup>−3</sup>, the receiver sensitivity of the proposed 3D composite constellation exhibited gains of 0.3 dB and 1.21 dB compared to the 32-ary 3D constellation constructed with a regular hexahedron and the traditional 32QAM 2D constellation respectively. Additionally, we achieved a 1.02 dB receiver sensitivity gain at an entropy of 4.4 bits/symbol compared to uniformly distributed constellations. The experimental results also show that the encryption at any layer is breached, the system’s bit error rate (BER) can still reach above 0.5. The encrypted signals showed negligible differences from unencrypted ones, with a key space of 10<sup>107</sup> confirming the scheme’s high security and excellent transmission performance. These results highlight its promising potential for future short-reach communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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