Optical Fiber Technology最新文献

Increasing capacity of intra-datacenter communications using a novel combination of DQPSK and PAM-4 modulation formats 使用DQPSK和PAM-4调制格式的新组合增加数据中心内通信的容量

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104309

Yuxuan Yi , Salman Ghafoor , Abdullah G. Alharbi , Jawad Mirza , Muhammad Imran

引用次数: 0

Thermal modeling and performance analysis of nested-ring doping in high-power LMA-TDFLs 高功率lma - tdfl中嵌套环掺杂的热建模与性能分析

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104282

Mohamed Zaki , Hamid Jouah , Mostafa Abouricha , Said Amrane

引用次数: 0

Optimization of As-Se-Te fibers for a broader transmission window and reduced loss 优化As-Se-Te光纤，以获得更宽的传输窗口并降低损耗

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104315

Rujian Gao , Yu Wu , YuZe Wang , Qinnan Fang , Xiang Shen , Shixun Dai , Kai Jiao , Rongping Wang , Pingxue Li , Vladimir Shiryaev , Xunsi Wang

{"title":"Optimization of As-Se-Te fibers for a broader transmission window and reduced loss","authors":"Rujian Gao , Yu Wu , YuZe Wang , Qinnan Fang , Xiang Shen , Shixun Dai , Kai Jiao , Rongping Wang , Pingxue Li , Vladimir Shiryaev , Xunsi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As-Se fibers exhibit a wide spectra transmission ability and have broad applications; however, their attenuation significantly increases beyond 10 μm due to abundant Se-Se multiphonon absorption. To address this limitation, Te is incorporated into the As-Se glass composition to replace the problematic Se-Se bonds with Se-Te. This addition extends the transmission range beyond 12 μm, significantly enhancing the fiber’s performance in the far-infrared region. In this study, As-Se-Te glasses with varying compositions were prepared and compared to optimize the transparent window and reduce transmission loss. First, the effects of substituting Se with Te on their physical and optical properties were systematically investigated to evaluate the ultra-transparent window properties. Next, the transmission losses of the corresponding unclad fibers were measured to identify the composition with the lowest loss. Results showed that the transmittance decreases from 63 % to 42 %, while the transmission range extends from 17.516 μm (As<sub>30</sub>Se<sub>70</sub>) to 18.097 μm (As<sub>30</sub>Se<sub>20</sub>Te<sub>50</sub>). A slight increase in transmission loss was observed around 9 μm. Finally, high-purity As<sub>30</sub>Se<sub>50</sub>Te<sub>20</sub> glass was selected as the core material, and a step-index chalcogenide optical fiber with a 400 μm diameter was fabricated using the extrusion method. The fiber exhibited an average transmission loss of 0.4 (±0.1 dB/m) within the 6–8 μm range, with a minimum loss of 0.3 dB/m at 7.2 μm. The loss spectrum below 2.5 dB/m covers a window width of 6.6 μm. This work lays the groundwork for the development of a flexible laser delivery system, offering both a broad optical bandwidth and long-distance transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical fiber nonlinear neural compensation based on generalized mutual information cost function 基于广义互信息代价函数的光纤非线性神经补偿

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104322

Zekun Niu, Lyu Li, Hang Yang, Weisheng Hu, Lilin Yi

{"title":"Optical fiber nonlinear neural compensation based on generalized mutual information cost function","authors":"Zekun Niu, Lyu Li, Hang Yang, Weisheng Hu, Lilin Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optical fiber nonlinearity is a core limitation to high-capacity transmission in fiber communication. Data-driven methods for fiber nonlinear compensation, utilizing neural networks combined with digital signal processing technology, have shown remarkable performance. However, many of these neural networks are trained using the mean square error (MSE) cost function, which can lead to a non-Gaussian distribution after compensation. Although the bit error rate improves with compensation, the non-Gaussian distribution is not well-suited for forward error correction (FEC) and can result in performance degradation after soft decoding. In this paper, we propose a general mutual information (GMI) cost function based on Gaussian distribution constraints, which addresses the performance loss associated with MSE after FEC. In an additive Gaussian white noise channel, where no nonlinearity exists, the proposed GMI cost function achieves equivalent performance after FEC decoding, whereas the MSE cost function results in more than 1.0 dB signal-to-noise ratio loss. Combined with a long short-term memory network, 1600 km transmission experiments show that the MSE cost function leads to a 0.45 dB loss after FEC decoding, while the GMI cost function provides a 0.8 dB improvement over the MSE cost function. The proposed GMI cost function sets a new training criterion for nonlinear compensation in optical fiber communications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104322"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elusive adversarial attacks on machine learning-based hardware fingerprint authentication in optical networks 基于机器学习的光网络硬件指纹认证中难以捉摸的对抗性攻击

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104312

Zhi Chai , Jian Hu , Yingxue Liu , Mingye Li , Xinran Huang , Weisheng Hu , Xuelin Yang

{"title":"Elusive adversarial attacks on machine learning-based hardware fingerprint authentication in optical networks","authors":"Zhi Chai , Jian Hu , Yingxue Liu , Mingye Li , Xinran Huang , Weisheng Hu , Xuelin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the physical-layer security enhancement in optical networks, hardware fingerprint authentication (HFA) is proposed by identifying subtle inherent impairments of different optical transmitters in the received signals using neural networks (NNs). However, due to NN’s black-box nature, HFA may be susceptible to adversarial attacks, which is often overlooked in related research, but can lead to HFA erroneously granting high-level permissions to attackers. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate that classical attacks against NNs, such as projected gradient descent (PGD), are also effective against HFA in optical networks, achieving an average targeted attack success rate of 66.43%. Furthermore, we propose an NN-based white-box attack framework named attack neural network (ATKNN) and a conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN)-based black-box attack framework named attack generator (ATKG). Both ATKNN and ATKG achieve a much higher success rate of ∼ 100%, while their perturbations on the signals are significantly smaller and smoother, making the attacks more elusive. Our work reveals the shortcomings of the mainstream HFA frameworks and lays the foundation for HFA’s future improvements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phase distortion suppression for phase-sensitive OTDR using time-slotted pulse 利用时隙脉冲抑制相敏OTDR的相位畸变

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104316

Yu Wang , Yingrui Fan , Junhong Wang , Weidong Bai , Ruotong Mei , Xin Liu , Baoquan Jin

{"title":"Phase distortion suppression for phase-sensitive OTDR using time-slotted pulse","authors":"Yu Wang , Yingrui Fan , Junhong Wang , Weidong Bai , Ruotong Mei , Xin Liu , Baoquan Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase distortion influences the vibration demodulation effect of direct detection phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (Φ-OTDR) system. In this paper, a time-slotted pulsed direct detection Φ-OTDR is proposed. By using a double acousto-optic modulation device to generate the same-frequency phase-shifted time-slotted pulse, the phase distortion caused by the excessively long disturbance range can be effectively suppressed. The sliding window empirical modal decomposition (SWEMD) is introduced to solve the anisotropy problem of phase distortion and extract the correct signal. The phase demodulation performance of the single-pulse and time-slotted pulsed detection structures are compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that the vibration and sound signals from 50 Hz to 1300 Hz can be accurately demodulated along a 10040 m sensing fiber, and the amplitude fitting coefficients of demodulated vibration and sound signals in the repeatability experiments can be up to 0.9912 and 0.9906, respectively. The sampling rate of the system is as low as 50 MHz. It provides an effective solution for the direct detection Φ-OTDR with high-quality phase demodulation for weak signals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Joint multicast survivability and hybrid QoS differentiation for bandwidth usage optimization and variable traffic control in elastic optical networks 弹性光网络中基于联合组播生存性和混合QoS的带宽使用优化和可变流量控制

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104317

Yassine Khlifi

{"title":"Joint multicast survivability and hybrid QoS differentiation for bandwidth usage optimization and variable traffic control in elastic optical networks","authors":"Yassine Khlifi","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elastic optical networks (EONs) are a promising solution for future optical transport networks, managing spectrum resources and high bandwidth scalability while ensuring traffic duplication and orientation to support multicast services. However, the growing demand for high-bandwidth multicast applications presents recent challenges affecting variable traffic demands, resource survivability, and QoS (Quality of Service) control. This paper introduces a joint multicast survivability and hybrid QoS differentiation (MS-HQD) scheme designed to address these challenges. MS-HQD effectively manages single and multiple light tree failures by employing an appropriate strategy that enhances spectrum allocation and satisfies varying traffic needs, particularly requiring maximum loss rate (RMLR) and blocking delay (RMBD). The developed mathematical model offers a novel cost formulation to supervise bandwidth usage (BWU), diverse traffic demands, and light tree protection, whether shared, dedicated, or both. The introduced algorithm utilizes this formulation to optimize the allocation of frequency slot units (FSUs) over selected protection paths based on traffic requirements. Simulation results demonstrate that MS-HQD reduces BWU by approximately 10% and protection switching time (PST) by about 16% while ensuring RMLR and RMBD compared to conventional methods under varying high traffic loads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fiber-optic temperature sensor coated with PDMS thermo-gel film based on etched SMEDS structure 基于蚀刻SMEDS结构的涂覆PDMS热凝胶膜的光纤温度传感器

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104314

Huijing Wei , Xu Wang , Fang Wang

{"title":"Fiber-optic temperature sensor coated with PDMS thermo-gel film based on etched SMEDS structure","authors":"Huijing Wei , Xu Wang , Fang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we propose a fiber-optic temperature sensor based on single-mode fiber (SMF) −multi-mode fiber (MMF)-etched dispersion compensating fiber (DCF)-single-mode fiber SMF (SMEDS) fiber structure coated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Thermo-gel film with experimental validation. A single-mode fiber is gradually fused with a section of MMF and DCF in this sensor structure. The central region of the DCF was then etched with hydrofluoric acid (HF) to create a strong evanescent field. Finally, the temperature sensitivity of the sensor was significantly improved by coating the sensor area with PDMS thermos-gel material. The PDMS thermos-gel film material serves as a simple and efficient encapsulation layer that not only protects the sensor’s microstructure from damage but also greatly improves the reliability and durability of the sensor structure. The experimental results show that the sensor has a temperature sensitivity of 0.113 nm/°C over a wide temperature range of 25–95 °C. When compared to fiber optic sensors without PDMS coating, the temperature sensitivity is 2.9 times higher. The small structural design of the SMEDS sensor, along with its easy production method, high-cost efficiency, and stable and reliable mechanical strength, suggests that it has a wide range of significant applications in the temperature sensing industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single-polarization hollow-core anti-resonant fiber with ultra-high polarization loss ratio and low loss in the terahertz range 超高极化损耗比、太赫兹范围内低损耗的单极化空心芯抗谐振光纤

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104313

Qiang Liu , Xiaotian Yao , Jian Han , Guangrong Sun , Zihao Lan , Peiqing Xing , Jingwei Lv , Paul K. Chu , Chao Liu

引用次数: 0

High secure and reliable MMW-RoF based on CSI and dynamic key distribution 基于CSI和动态密钥分配的高安全可靠毫米波射频

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104310

Yaoqiang Xiao , Yuehui Chen , Bingshuai Wang , Zhiyi Wang , Zhiyu Wei , Qun Ye

{"title":"High secure and reliable MMW-RoF based on CSI and dynamic key distribution","authors":"Yaoqiang Xiao , Yuehui Chen , Bingshuai Wang , Zhiyi Wang , Zhiyu Wei , Qun Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a channel state information-driven dynamic key distribution (CSI-DKD) scheme implementing a one-time pad (OTP) strategy in W-band millimeter-wave radio-over-fiber (MMW-RoF) system, achieving co-optimization of physical-layer security and transmission reliability. For high security, the strong randomness and fast time-varying nature of wireless channels are utilized and more complex key generation protocol is introduced to obtain keys with higher encryption strength, and synchronous sequences are used to achieve key distribution. Then, Chua’s and hyper chaotic systems are applied to generate non-linear encryption sequences, OFDM data are encrypted from three stages: bidirectional diffusion, constellation masking, and subcarrier scrambling. To improve the reliability of the system, polar codes are used to correct error bits. This scheme has been experimentally validated on the W-band MMW RoF system, and the results show that the proposed method has strong security, compared with the traditional OFDM signal, when the bit err rate is 10<sup>-3</sup>, the received optical power gain of the proposed scheme is ∼ 3.25 dB. And the analyses of the results show that the secure scheme can innovate the OTP system by dynamic key generation and distribution, effectively enhance system security and improve transmission performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0