Optometry and Vision Science最新文献

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: The Spectral Bands Task Force: A consensus on the representation of high-energy visible radiation.","authors":"Aaron B Zimmerman, Phillip T Yuhas, Karl Citek","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002124","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 4","pages":"176-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OVS Feature Issue: Aging, the Eye and Vision System.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 4","pages":"232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the onset of myopia in children by age, sex, and ethnicity: Results from the CLEERE Study.","authors":"Donald O Mutti, Loraine T Sinnott, Susan A Cotter, Lisa A Jones-Jordan, Robert N Kleinstein, Ruth E Manny, J Daniel Twelker, Karla Zadnik","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002127","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Clinicians and researchers would benefit from being able to predict the onset of myopia for an individual child. This report provides a model for calculating the probability of myopia onset, year-by-year and cumulatively, based on results from the largest, most ethnically diverse study of myopia onset in the United States.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to model the probability of the onset of myopia in previously nonmyopic school-aged children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children aged 6 years to less than 14 years of age at baseline participating in the Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Ethnicity and Refractive Error (CLEERE) Study who were nonmyopic and less hyperopic than +3.00 D (spherical equivalent) were followed up for 1 to 7 years through eighth grade. Annual measurements included cycloplegic autorefraction, keratometry, ultrasound axial dimensions, and parental report of children's near work and time spent in outdoor and/or sports activities. The onset of myopia was defined as the first visit with at least -0.75 D of myopia in each principal meridian. The predictive model was built using discrete time survival analysis and evaluated with C statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model of the probability of the onset of myopia included cycloplegic spherical equivalent refractive error, the horizontal/vertical component of astigmatism (J0), age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Onset of myopia was more likely with lower amounts of hyperopia and less positive/more negative values of J0. Younger Asian American females had the highest eventual probability of onset, whereas older White males had the lowest. Model performance increased with older baseline age, with C statistics ranging from 0.83 at 6 years of age to 0.92 at 13 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The probability of the onset of myopia can be estimated for children in the major racial/ethnic groups within the United States on a year-by-year and cumulative basis up to age 14 years based on a simple set of refractive error and demographic variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 4","pages":"179-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11060695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infantile nystagmus syndrome: An observational, retrospective, multicenter study.","authors":"Claudia Fossataro, Pia Clara Pafundi, Roberta Mattei, Valentina Cima, Francesca De Rossi, Gustavo Savino","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002131","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>This multicenter study assessed clinical and psychological aspects of infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) focusing on its management and nonsurgical treatment.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess clinical features, management, relationship life, and psychological impact in a group of patients with nystagmus onset in pediatric age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational study included patients diagnosed with INS referred to two Italian centers from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2020. Ophthalmologic and orthoptic features and impact of visual function on quality of life, according to nystagmus-specific nystagmus quality of life questionnaire, were analyzed within the overall sample and in any of INS subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-three patients were included; 65.1% of them had idiopathic INS (IINS), and 34.9% had INS associated with ocular diseases (INSOD). The median age was 15.4 years (interquartile range [IQR], 10.4 to 17.3 years), significantly different between groups (median, 15.8 years among those with IINS vs. 12.3 years among those with INSOD; p<0.001). In the INSOD subgroup, strabismus was significantly more prevalent (93.3 vs. 57.1%; p=0.017). Binocular distance best-corrected visual acuity in primary position was significantly higher in the IINS subsample (p<0.001). Such behavior was further confirmed at anomalous head position evaluation (p<0.001). At near best-corrected visual acuity assessment, differences between groups were more remarkable in primary position (p<0.001) than in anomalous head position. Contrast sensitivity showed significantly higher values in the IINS subgroup (p<0.001). The nystagmus quality of life questionnaire disclosed a significantly lower score in IINS as compared with INSOD (median total score, 90.5 [IQR, 84 to 97] vs. 94 [IQR, 83.0 to 96.5]; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The IINS group showed significantly better ophthalmologic and orthoptic outcomes than the INSOD group. The psychological and quality-of-life impact was instead significantly greater in the IINS group. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first multicenter study investigating the clinical features of IIN and comparing the two main subgroups, IINS and INSOD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 4","pages":"211-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual performance of optical films utilizing Spatio-Temporal Optical Phase technology.","authors":"Cathleen Fedtke, Daniel Tilia, Klaus Ehrmann, Jennie Diec, Karen Lahav-Yacouel, Darrin Falk, Ravi C Bakaraju","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002121","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Spatio-Temporal Optical Phase technology utilizes film pairs containing optical elements applied to standard single-vision spectacle lenses. This technology provides a dynamic optical cue that may have efficacy in reducing the rate of myopia progression, but the visual performance of this technology is unknown.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the visual performance of film pairs containing optical elements (tests) and a film pair with no optical elements (control).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized, single-masked, bilateral wear study, 42 participants aged 18 to 40 years wore four test designs (E, F-1, G, and F-2) and the control. Subjective data (subjective ratings [1 to 10 scale]: clarity of vision [far-away, intermediate, near] and vision [at night, while walking, overall satisfaction], and willingness to purchase [yes/no response]) were collected after 3 days. Visual acuity (VA)-based measures (monocular high/low-contrast VA [6 m], contrast sensitivity [6 m], and binocular high-contrast VA [6 m and 40 cm]) were collected at dispensing. Visual acuity-based measures were also collected while wearing spectacles with no film. Analyses were performed using linear mixed models and the χ2 test. Significance was set at 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The control performed better than any test for all subjective ratings (mean differences, 1.6 to 3.1 units: p<0.001), willingness to purchase (p<0.001), and designs F-1 and F-2 for binocular high-contrast VA at 40 cm (p=0.001 and p=0.01, respectively). Clarity of vision was significantly worse with F-2 compared with F-1 and G (p<0.001 and p=0.02, respectively). There were no differences between tests for any other subjective rating (p>0.1), willingness to purchase (p=0.11), or any VA-based measure (p>0.08). There were no differences between control and spectacles with no film for any VA-based measure (p>0.08).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All four test film pairs reduced visual performance compared with control to a degree comparable with other myopia management devices. There was no difference in visual performance between three of the four test film pairs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 4","pages":"195-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wearable apparatus for correction of visual alignment under torsional strabismus.","authors":"Charles Malleson, Jean-Yves Guillemaut","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>A wearable optical apparatus that compensates for eye misalignment (strabismus) to correct for double vision (diplopia) is proposed. In contrast to prism lenses, commonly used to compensate for horizontal and/or vertical misalignment, the proposed approach is able to compensate for any combination of horizontal, vertical, and torsional misalignment.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>If the action of the extraocular muscles is compromised (e.g., by nerve damage), a patient may lose their ability to maintain visual alignment, negatively affecting their binocular fusion and stereo depth perception capability. Torsional misalignment cannot be mitigated by standard Fresnel prism lenses. Surgical procedures intended to correct torsional misalignment may be unpredictable. A wearable device able to rectify visual alignment and restore stereo depth perception without surgical intervention could potentially be of great value to people with strabismus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We propose a novel lightweight wearable optical device for visual alignment correction. The device comprises two mirrors and a Fresnel prism, arranged in such a way that together they rotationally shift the view seen by the affected eye horizontally, vertically, and torsionally. The extent of the alignment correction on each axis can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the patient's particular misalignment characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed approach was tested by computer simulation, and a prototype device was manufactured. The prototype device was tested by a strabismus patient exhibiting horizontal and torsional misalignment. In these tests, the device was found to function as intended, allowing the patient to enjoy binocular fusion and stereo depth perception while wearing the device for daily activities over a period of several months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed device is effective in correcting arbitrary horizontal, vertical, and torsional misalignment of the eyes. The results of the initial testing performed are highly encouraging. Future study is warranted to formally assess the effectiveness of the device on multiple test patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 4","pages":"204-210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140852239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red flags in submissions to Optometry and Vision Science.","authors":"David B Elliott","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 4","pages":"173-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent strategies for improving compliance with eyeglass wear in young children.","authors":"Erin M Harvey, Divya Ramesh, Maria Sandra Marshall, Jenifer A Martin, Eileen R McGrath, Selenne Yescas, Joseph M Miller","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Results of this study provide preliminary data on parent strategies for improving compliance with eyeglass treatment in young children, an age group for which previous data are limited. Parent responses provide important insights to support parents of young children who wear eyeglasses and provide preliminary data to guide additional research.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The goal of this exploratory study was to learn more about parents' strategies to improve compliance with eyeglass treatment of young children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey of parents of 1-year-old to less than 5-year-old children who wear eyeglasses was conducted. Parents indicated whether they used various strategies to encourage wear and were asked to provide advice for parents of young children recently prescribed eyeglasses. Use of various strategies by age was determined. Open-ended responses regarding advice for other parents were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final sample included 104 parents who were predominantly White (81%), non-Hispanic (76%), and college graduates (68%). During the 2 weeks prior to survey completion, 74% of parents reported their child wore their eyeglasses ≥8 hours/day. Use of strategies for improving eyeglass wear varied by child age. The most frequent recommendations that parents provided for other parents were to be consistent in encouraging wear, use social modeling, provide positive reinforcement when the eyeglasses are worn, and ensure that the eyeglasses fit well and were comfortable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parents provided many useful insights into their experiences. However, results may not be broadly generalizable, because of the limited diversity and high rate of compliance in the study sample. Further research with more diverse populations and research on effectiveness of various strategies to increase compliance in this age group are recommended to support eyeglass treatment compliance in young children.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 4","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11060693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case series: Superficial plexus en face may aid distinction of retinal nerve fiber layer loss from diabetic retinal ischemia versus glaucoma.","authors":"Alex F Hynes, Alaina M Short","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002132","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to demonstrate that the pattern and degree of capillary bed dropout in early glaucoma appear different on OCT-A superficial plexus en-face slabs compared with retinal ischemia. RNFL loss associated with retinal ischemia in diabetic patients may be explained and accounted for by overlying the RNFL deviation map on a superficial plexus en-face montage.</p><p><strong>Case reports: </strong>Three middle-aged White men with diabetes mellitus showed cup-to-disc ratios of approximately 0.7 and RNFL and ganglion thinning. Each patient had several Cirrus OCT and OCT-A scans taken of the posterior pole. The OCT-A en-face images demonstrated specific patterns of superficial capillary dropout. The appearance of superficial plexus capillary dropout in one case of glaucoma is contrasted against two cases of retinal ischemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early glaucoma appears to be associated with incomplete capillary bed dropout that extends from macular regions to the disc in a wedge- or arc-shaped pattern. Diabetic retinal ischemia appears to be associated with well-defined patchy and polygonal pockets of complete capillary bed obliteration that may not extend back to the disc. If an RNFL deviation map is superimposed over the superficial plexus en-face montage, areas of RNFL loss may correlate with and thus be well accounted for by areas of retinal ischemia in cases with RNFL thinning likely from ischemia. This approach may supplement inspection of OCT B-scans for focal retinal thinning when trying to differentiate RNFL and ganglion cell loss from retinal ischemia versus glaucoma in patients with diabetes. Formal research studies are needed to validate our observations and proposed use of OCT-A together with OCT in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 4","pages":"224-231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of Demodex blepharitis on patient symptoms and daily life.","authors":"Melissa Barnett, Blake Simmons, Patrick Vollmer, Assem Patel, William E Whitson, Gregg J Berdy, Paul Karpecki, Laura M Periman, Mark Holdbrook, Stephanie N Baba, John Meyer, Elizabeth Yeu","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002111","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Patients with Demodex blepharitis have a considerable symptomatic burden that negatively impacts their daily activities and well-being. Despite chronic manifestations of and problems associated with blepharitis that resulted in multiple visits to eye care providers, Demodex blepharitis remained underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Demodex blepharitis on patients' daily activities and well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, multicenter, observational study recruited 524 patients with Demodex blepharitis from 20 U.S. ophthalmology and optometry practices. Demodex blepharitis was diagnosed based on the presence of the following clinical manifestations in at least one eye: >10 collarettes on the upper lashes, at least mild lid margin erythema of the upper eyelid, and mite density of ≥1.0 mite/lash (upper and lower combined). Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire related to their symptoms, daily activities, and management approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of patients who experienced blepharitis symptoms for ≥2 years was 67.8%, and for ≥4 years, it was 46.5%. The three most bothersome symptoms ranked were \"itchy eyes,\" \"dry eyes,\" and \"foreign body sensation.\" Overall, 77.4% of patients reported that Demodex blepharitis negatively affected their daily life. One-third (32.3%) of patients had visited a doctor for blepharitis at least two times, including 19.6% who visited at least four times. Despite having clinical manifestations of Demodex blepharitis confirmed by an eye care provider, 58.7% had never been diagnosed with blepharitis. Commonly used management approaches were artificial tears, warm compresses, and lid wipes. Among those who discontinued their regimen, 45.9% had discontinued because of either tolerability issues or lack of effectiveness. Among contact lens wearers, 64.3% of the patients either were uncomfortable wearing contact lenses or experienced vision changes \"sometimes\" or \"frequently.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Demodex blepharitis results in a significant negative impact on daily activities, creating a psychosocial and symptomatic burden on patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 3","pages":"151-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140306382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}