Optometry and Vision Science最新文献

{"title":"Authors' response.","authors":"Himansu Sekhara Behera, Nimish Kumar Singh, Sujata Das, Srikant Kumar Sahu, Smruti Rekha Priyadarshini, Manas Ranjan Barik, Savitri Sharma, Soumya Sucharita Sahu","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002153","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 5","pages":"237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of factors that may affect the foveal avascular zone: An optical coherence tomography angiography study.","authors":"Grainne Scanlon, Susan O'Shea, George Amarandei, John S Butler, Veronica O'Dwyer","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>An understanding of factors that affect the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in healthy eyes may aid in the early identification of patients at risk of retinal pathology, thereby allowing better management and preventive measures to be implemented.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The size and shape of the FAZ can change due to retinal diseases associated with oxidative stress, including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and macular degeneration. This study aimed to assess the relationship, if any, between factors that may affect the superficial FAZ (i.e., vessel density, vessel perfusion, overweight/obesity) and possible links with macular pigment optical density in young, healthy participants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred thirty-nine participants aged 18 to 35 years were recruited to this cross-sectional study. The superficial FAZ area, foveal vascularity, and central macular thickness (CMT) were assessed using the Cirrus 5000. Health parameters, body mass index, trunk fat %, and macular pigment were analyzed to determine possible associations with the superficial FAZ.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean FAZ area was 0.23 ± 0.08 mm2. Females had a significantly larger mean FAZ area than males (p=0.002). The FAZ area was positively correlated with body mass index (Pearson's r = 0.189, p=0.026). Significant correlates of the FAZ area in the multivariate model included vessel perfusion (central), CMT, and trunk fat %, collectively explaining 65.1% of the overall variability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Study findings suggest that reduced vessel perfusion, thinner CMT, and higher trunk fat % are plausible predictors of a larger FAZ area in healthy Caucasian adults. Low macular pigment optical density was, however, not associated with increased FAZ size in young healthy eyes. Noninvasive optical coherence tomography angiography testing, in association with these predictors, may aid in the early detection and monitoring of retinal diseases associated with oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 5","pages":"276-283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optics of spectacle lenses intended to treat myopia progression.","authors":"David A Atchison, W Neil Charman","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002140","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>This is a review of the optics of various spectacle lenses that have been used in myopia control over the last 60 years, with emphasis on approximately the last 15 years.Myopia has become an increasing health problem worldwide, particularly in some East Asian countries. This has led to many attempts to slow its progression in children and reduce its endpoint value. This review is concerned with the optics of spectacle lenses for use in myopia control, from bifocal lenses to multisegment and diffusion optics lenses. Treatments are based on theories of the onset or progression of myopia. These include the hypotheses that eye growth and myopia in susceptible children may be stimulated by (1) poor accommodation response and the consequent hyperopic defocus with near vision tasks, (2) relative hyperopic peripheral refraction, and (3) high retinal image contrast as occurs in urban environments. Using spectacle lenses to slow myopia progression has a history of about 60 years. The review is laid out in approximately the order in which different types of lenses have been introduced: bifocals, conventional progressive addition lenses, undercorrection with single-vision lenses, specialized progressive addition lenses, defocus-incorporated multiple segments, diffusion optics, and concentric bifocals. In the review, some of the lenses are combined with an eye model to determine refractive errors for peripheral vision for the stationary eye and for foveal vision for the rotating eye. Numbers are provided for the reported success of particular designs in retarding myopia progression, but this is not an epidemiological paper, and there is no critical review of the findings. Some of the recent treatments, such as multiple segments, appear to reduce the eye growth and myopia progression by better than 50% over periods of up to 2 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 5","pages":"238-249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OVS Feature Issue: Aging, the Eye and Vision System.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 5","pages":"284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Atlas of Retinal OCT: Optical Coherence Tomography, 2nd ed.","authors":"Roman Serebrianik","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002149","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 5","pages":"251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo assessment of human corneal epithelial cells in orthokeratology lens wearers: A pilot study.","authors":"Hadiya F Pattan, Xiao Liu, Patrice Tankam","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002130","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Central corneal epithelial thinning associated with midperipheral epithelial thickening has been reported as the main factor contributing to the effectiveness of orthokeratology (ortho-k) in myopia control. Yet, the cellular mechanism governing the regional change in refractive power remains elusive.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the regional change in corneal epithelial thickness and cell density in ortho-k wearers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A new human prototype of a polarization-dependent optical coherence microscope was developed to enable noncontact and noninvasive in vivo imaging of corneal epithelial cells in ortho-k wearers with and without their ortho-k lens. The epithelial thickness and cell density were evaluated at the central and midperipheral corneal locations in four ortho-k wearers and four spectacle wearers serving as controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Polarization-dependent optical coherence microscope achieved in vivo volumetric imaging of all epithelial cell types in ortho-k wearers with and without their lens over a field of view of 0.5 × 0.5 mm 2 with an isotropic resolution of ~2.2 mm. The central epithelial thinning and midperipheral epithelial thickening were consistent across all ortho-k wearers. However, the inconsistency in their regional epithelial cell density highlighted a great variability in individual response to ortho-k treatment. There was no strong correlation between epithelial thickness and cell density, especially at the midperipheral cornea, in ortho-k participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study constitutes our first step toward uncovering the cellular mechanism underlying the effectiveness of ortho-k in myopia control. Future studies will focus on the longitudinal evaluation of epithelial cells before and during ortho-k treatment to identify factors governing individual response to ortho-k treatment and ultimately inform the dynamics of epithelial cells taking place during the ortho-k treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":" ","pages":"263-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An editorial on myopia control, mainly written by ChatGPT.","authors":"David B Elliott","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002137","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 5","pages":"233-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Anatomy of the Human Eye: A Coloring Atlas.","authors":"Lindsay Rountree","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 5","pages":"250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Case series: Mixed infectious keratitis by Pythium insidiosum and fungal species.","authors":"Bharat Gurnani, Kirandeep Kaur","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002147","DOIUrl":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 5","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A paradigm for characterizing motion misperception in people with typical vision and low vision.","authors":"Benjamin M Chin, Minqi Wang, Loganne T Mikkelsen, Clara T Friedman, Cherlyn J Ng, Marlena A Chu, Emily A Cooper","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to develop a paradigm that can efficiently characterize motion percepts in people with low vision and compare their responses with well-known misperceptions made by people with typical vision when targets are hard to see.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited a small cohort of individuals with reduced acuity and contrast sensitivity (n = 5) as well as a comparison cohort with typical vision (n = 5) to complete a psychophysical study. Study participants were asked to judge the motion direction of a tilted rhombus that was either high or low contrast. In a series of trials, the rhombus oscillated vertically, horizontally, or diagonally. Participants indicated the perceived motion direction using a number wheel with 12 possible directions, and statistical tests were used to examine response biases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participants with typical vision showed systematic misperceptions well predicted by a Bayesian inference model. Specifically, their perception of vertical or horizontal motion was biased toward directions orthogonal to the long axis of the rhombus. They had larger biases for hard-to-see (low contrast) stimuli. Two participants with low vision had a similar bias, but with no difference between high- and low-contrast stimuli. The other participants with low vision were unbiased in their percepts or biased in the opposite direction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that some people with low vision may misperceive motion in a systematic way similar to people with typical vision. However, we observed large individual differences. Future work will aim to uncover reasons for such differences and identify aspects of vision that predict susceptibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":"101 5","pages":"252-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}