ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)最新文献_第2页

Productivity and Wages: Common Factors and Idiosyncrasies Across Countries and Industries 生产率和工资:不同国家和行业的共同因素和特质

ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.3386/w26428

E. Lazear

引用次数: 5

Job Composition and Its Effect on UK Firms in the Digital Era 职位构成及其对数字时代英国企业的影响

ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3495542

M. Sanchez Barrioluengo

{"title":"Job Composition and Its Effect on UK Firms in the Digital Era","authors":"M. Sanchez Barrioluengo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3495542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3495542","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies how the adoption of digital technologies has changed the employment structure of UK firms. While the scientific literature traditionally has shown inconclusive results about who is winning the race between man and machine, we argue that currently there are reasons to be less pessimistic about the effect of technology on labor. Drawing on an employer-employee panel survey in 2004 and 2011 in the UK, this study shows that the effect of the firms’ routine exposure on employment and wages varies according to the skill content of occupations and by sectors. Our results suggest that firms’ concentration on routine cognitive jobs does not generate outright job-losses and could even have a positive effect on overall employment at firm-level. On the other hand, firms exposed to routine manual task jobs are more at risk of generating a negative impact on firms’ labor, mainly decreasing their workforce. While the concentration of routine occupations has a job-creating effect in the tertiary sector, this does not necessarily imply consistent job-losses within the secondary sector. Finally, we conclude that the investment in routine workforce without the appropriate technological adoption is not enough to generate positive effects on labor at firm-level, specifically in the manufacturing sector.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124600612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding Low Wage Growth in the Euro Area and European Countries 了解欧元区和欧洲国家的低工资增长

ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3447190

C. Nickel, Elena Bobeica, G. Koester, E. Lis, M. Porqueddu

引用次数: 26

Manufacturing Jobs and Inequality: Why is the U.S. Experience Different? 制造业就业与不平等:为什么美国的经验不同?

ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.5089/9781498320450.001

Natalija Novta, E. Pugacheva

{"title":"Manufacturing Jobs and Inequality: Why is the U.S. Experience Different?","authors":"Natalija Novta, E. Pugacheva","doi":"10.5089/9781498320450.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781498320450.001","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the extent to which declining manufacturing employment may have\u0000contributed to increasing inequality in advanced economies. This contribution is typically\u0000small, except in the United States. We explore two possible explanations: the high initial\u0000manufacturing wage premium and the high level of income inequality. The manufacturing\u0000wage premium declined between the 1980s and the 2000s in the United States, but it does\u0000not explain the contemporaneous rise in inequality. Instead, high income inequality played\u0000a large role. This is because manufacturing job loss typically implies a move to the service\u0000sector, for which the worker is not skilled at first and accepts a low-skill wage. On\u0000average, the associated wage cut increases with the overall level of income inequality in\u0000the country, conditional on moving down in the wage distribution. Based on a stylized\u0000scenario, we calculate that the movement of workers to low-skill service sector jobs can\u0000account for about a quarter of the increase in inequality between the 1980s and the 2000s\u0000in the United States. Had the U.S. income distribution been more equal, only about one\u0000tenth of the actual increase in inequality could have been attributed to the loss of\u0000manufacturing jobs, according to our simulations.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124827357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Trade, Migration Costs and Asymmetric Migration Patterns 贸易、迁移成本和不对称迁移模式

ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-06-13 DOI: 10.1111/twec.12832

R. Acharyya, H. Beladi, S. Kar

引用次数: 5

Racial Gaps, Occupational Matching, and Skill Uncertainty 种族差距、职业匹配和技能不确定性

ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.20955/r.101.135-53

Limor Golan, Carl Sanders

{"title":"Racial Gaps, Occupational Matching, and Skill Uncertainty","authors":"Limor Golan, Carl Sanders","doi":"10.20955/r.101.135-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20955/r.101.135-53","url":null,"abstract":"White workers in the United States earn almost 30 percent more per hour on average than Black workers, and this wage gap is associated with large racial differences in occupational assignments. In this article, we theoretically and empirically examine the Black-White disparity in occupations. First, we present a model based on Antonovics and Golan (2012) that relates occupational assignments to the incentives workers face while learning about their own unknown ability. Second, we document differences between Black and White workers in both the complexity of skills required in their initial occupations and the growth rates of this complexity over time. To do this, we match panel data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 with the Dictionary of Occupational Titles measures of occupational characteristics and find that, compared with White workers, Black workers start in occupations requiring less-complex skills, see slower growth in job complexity over time, and are relatively more likely to transition to jobs with lower complexity. Finally, we consider the relationship between our model and our empirical findings; for example, discrimination in hiring early in the career can have long-term consequences on the ability of Black workers to learn their best occupational match and explains part of their lower wage growth. We conclude with suggestions for policy and future research directions.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121196999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Accounting for the Decline in Homeownership Among the Young 年轻人住房拥有率下降的原因

ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-03-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3050714

Yuxi Yao

{"title":"Accounting for the Decline in Homeownership Among the Young","authors":"Yuxi Yao","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3050714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3050714","url":null,"abstract":"Homeownership rate for young households in the United States has declined significantly since 1976. An examination of the ownership-age profile of college and non-college households suggests that while college graduates are postponing home purchasing, a large fraction of non-college graduates have become permanent renters. This paper shows that the diverging homeownership dynamics between college and non-college graduates can be accounted for by an inelastic supply of houses combined with a change in the income distribution due to a higher population share of college graduates and a widening gap in household income between college and non-college graduates. The change in the income distribution drives up aggregate housing demand and leads to higher house prices. As a result, non-college graduates find owning less affordable while college graduates with steeper earning profile postpone home purchasing. Using data for the 105 largest metropolitan areas in the U.S. over 1980 to 2010, I find that cities with more college graduates tend to have higher local house prices, lower young homeownership rate for both college and non-college households, and lower middle-aged homeownership rates especially among the non-college households. Moreover, a rise in the household income of college graduates further increases local housing price and lowers homeownership rates for non-college graduates. The changing income distribution can account for the majority of the observed changes in young and middle-aged homeownership rates for both college and non-college graduates.","PeriodicalId":196465,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic)","volume":"59 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121581936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Tips versus Higher Wages: Data, Theory, and Simulations 小费与高工资:数据、理论和模拟

ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-02-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3127117

Oz Shy

引用次数: 0

Reference Dependent Preference and Labor Supply: Evidence from China 参考依赖偏好与劳动力供给:来自中国的证据

ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-01-04 DOI: 10.3868/S060-008-019-0013-8

Guanfu Fang, Guanliang Hu, Lan Yao

引用次数: 1

Localized Effects of the China Trade Shock: Is There an Effect on Consumer Expenditure? 中国贸易冲击的局部效应:对消费者支出有影响吗?

ERN: Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3313405

Nadiia Lazhevska

引用次数: 0