Tips versus Higher Wages: Data, Theory, and Simulations

Oz Shy
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Abstract

he law permits employers to pay tipped employees below the full minimum wage. I investigate a policy whereby income collected from tips is replaced by a higher minimum wage for tipped employees. In a fully-served market, this transition makes both employers and servers better off while consumers end up paying higher prices for the service. Under local monopolies, this transition may result in some loss of employment. Replacing tips with higher wages raises employers' artificially-low hourly labor cost to their actual levels thereby inducing employers to increase consumer prices. Simulations based on actual data are then used to test some of the model's predictions.
小费与高工资:数据、理论和模拟
法律允许雇主支付给雇员的小费低于全部最低工资。我调查了一项政策,即小费收入被更高的最低工资所取代。在一个完全服务的市场中,这种转变使雇主和服务人员都变得更好,而消费者最终为服务支付更高的价格。在地方垄断下,这种转变可能会导致一些就业岗位的流失。用更高的工资来代替小费,将雇主人为压低的每小时劳动力成本提高到实际水平,从而诱使雇主提高消费价格。然后,基于实际数据的模拟被用来测试模型的一些预测。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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