Ore Geology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Geology of the Bisie wood tin (cassiterite) deposit and its host rocks, North Kivu Province, DR Congo","authors":"Katharina Wulff , Robert Bolhar","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Bisie Tin Mine, located in the Mesoproterozoic Kivu Belt in the Democratic Republic of Congo, is the world’s highest-grade tin operation with an average grade of 4.5 % Sn. In this study we provide a geological description of the deposit and its surrounding mine license area and present U-Pb geochronological data for an adjacent granite massif.</div><div>The metasedimentary host rocks of the Bisie Tin Mine comprise: (1) Mica schists and intercalated mafic and felsic intrusive and extrusive rocks; (2) a “metasedimentary unit” of clastics, containing a mafic tuff component and (3) carbonaceous shale. The metamorphic grade decreases away from the granite massif and upwards in the stratigraphic sequence. The mica schist displays a peak metamorphic assemblage of staurolite, garnet and biotite. overgrowing a muscovite-dominated foliation.</div><div>Multiple stages of magmatism occurred in the granite massif, including an undated biotite syenogranite as the most voluminous phase. Further sub-intrusions include alkaline granites, syenites and monzogranites. A marginal monzogranite yields 1271–1273 Ma U-Pb zircon ages, indicating that felsic magmatism was partially synchronous with the development of surrounding metasediments. A previous study reported a granite age of 1518 ± 40 Ma, pre-dating the onset of the Kibaran orogeny and gneissic rocks within the granite massif with a maximum age of around 1000 Ma, contemporaneous with the G4 granite stage. The granite massif likely formed in an extensional environment (metamorphic core complex) exhuming pre-Kibaran rocks, and was subsequently intruded by Kibaran granite phases.</div><div>The Bisie deposit is located in mica schist about 500 m from the granite contact in the northern project area. Tin mineralisation is hosted in a steeply east-dipping shear zone oriented parallel to the contact with the granite massif. Along the shear zone, an alteration halo is developed for >14 km – manifested in the replacement of metamorphic porphyroblasts by muscovite (± chlorite) and development of Sn anomalies in the soil cover.</div><div>Tin mineralisation occurs as up to ∼1 m wide veins of botryoidal cassiterite (so-called wood tin). The veins are hosted within an up to ∼25 m wide alteration envelope of chlorite (± actinolite) schist. High-grade ore shoots plunge at intermediate angle to the north and contain folded veins, absent in low grade zones, as well as N(NW)-trending veins paralleling the shear zone. Continued deformation in the shear zone caused cassiterite veins to be strongly boudinaged and brecciated. Cassiterite previously dated to ∼1068–1026 Ma, formed contemporaneously with the G4 granite stage. Quartz veining and precipitation of pyrite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite (± sphalerite and galena) are associated with later NW-, NNW- and E-W-trending faults that dissect the tin-mineralised shear zone. NW-trending faults segmented the Bisie deposit into the Mpama North and South ore bodies. Multiple","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106583"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the petrogenesis of the Sudbury Igneous Complex and its giant Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits from orthopyroxene mineral chemistry","authors":"Reid R. Keays ,&nbsp;Peter C. Lightfoot","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The world-class “contact” Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits of the Sudbury Igneous Complex are associated with physical depressions termed “embayments” that occur at its base. Whereas some of the embayments are exceptionally well mineralized, others are poorly mineralized. The mineralization in the embayments in the northern part of the complex is associated with a fragment-rich unit referred to as the Sublayer which is overlain by a melanorite unit termed the Mafic Norite. This study aimed to establish whether the whole rock geochemistry of the Mafic Norite and the mineral chemistry of the orthopyroxenes in it could be used to discriminate between the well mineralized embayments and those that are not. The mineral chemistry of orthopyroxenes also helps to establish the origin of domains of melanorite that occur within the Sublayer.</div><div>The Mafic Norite samples from the well mineralized embayments have higher Ni and Cu grades than those of samples from the weakly mineralized embayments. The Ni tenors of the sulfides in the Main Mass Mafic Norite samples are also higher in the former than in the latter. The Ni contents of the orthopyroxene in Mafic Norite samples from the well mineralized embayments are higher than those of orthopyroxene in samples from the weakly mineralized embayments. Hence, whole rock and mineral chemistry data as well as the Ni contents of the sulfides all provide good discriminants between well mineralized and poorly mineralized environments in the Sudbury Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide camp. As orthopyroxenes are present in all of the rocks in the lower portion of the SIC, they provide a useful indicator of mineral potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 106585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Meaningful metric to compare the value and Prospectivity of Clay-Hosted regolith rare earth element deposits","authors":"Kenneth D. Collerson ,&nbsp;Roussos Dimitrakopoulos ,&nbsp;Guy Greville","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106582","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The criticality of rare earths to the global economy has resulted in a significant increase in exploration and development proposals. However, tools to evaluate the merit of competing projects have not developed at the same pace as the number of investment opportunities. Mining professionals have a duty of care to simplify exploration results that could impinge on investment decisions. This paper provides a framework for explorationists, and the investing community that is more transparent when evaluating projects and making investment decisions. The lowest capital expenditure (CapEX) surficial rare earth element (REE) deposits are leachable ionic clay hosted deposits formed by release of REEs from primary minerals during tropical and sub-tropical chemical weathering. Under these conditions mobile REEs migrate as aqueous complexes and are adsorbed onto kaolinite, halloysite and smectite group clays or are precipitated as secondary REE-bearing minerals. The chemistry of source lithologies plays a major role deposit geochemistry. Depending on source mineralogy, clay hosted systems above granites are typically enriched in light REE elements (LREE-La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm) or heavy REE elements (HREE-Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu). However, clay hosted REE systems above mafic and ultramafic alkaline intrusions are enriched in the high value heavy REE elements and importantly the critical element scandium.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Assessing investment prospects for regolith clay-hosted REE deposits requires evaluation of factors, beyond simply considering resource tonnage and rare earth oxide (REO) concentration. To simplify valuation assessments and thus allow effective comparisons between regolith-hosted clay REE projects, we have devised a metric encompassing critical parameters influencing project value. These include total REO concentration, heavy REO to total REO ratio, proportions of all REOs, and USD/kg pricing of the REOs. Scandium’s inclusion acknowledges its common enrichment in regolith profiles derived from heavy rare earth element (HREE)-rich alkaline mafic source lithologies. We demonstrate this metric using publicly available data for ten clay-hosted regolith REE deposits. Valuations strongly depend on REE prices that are influenced by Chinese market control. The recent price drop of Dy and Tb could impact the commercial viability of projects outside China by making investors vulnerable to short term fiscal risk and potentially preventing investment in new mines. Viability of REE projects does not only depend on total REO content (grade). Given the predicted supply chain deficit for DyTb, the ratio of HREE (DyTb) to LREE (NdPr) is an additional important value factor to be considered. In addition, to ensure environmental feasibility, ores should also have low radioactivity thus mitigating against potential roadblocks common with primary REE and placer REE deposits. Other factors are the size and distribution of tenements, the geopoliti","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 106582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent granite-related mineralization along former Tethys sutures in southwestern China","authors":"Fucheng Yang ,&nbsp;Rolf L. Romer ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Jiang ,&nbsp;Wenchang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sutures of the Paleo-Tethys, Meso-Tethys, and Neo-Tethys oceans in southwestern China host many major porphyry- and/or granite-related mineral deposits. We compile age and geochemical data from these deposits. The age data show that most of these deposits are not related to the formation of the sutures, but to their later tectonic reactivation. For instance, intrusion-related deposits along fault zones in the Sanjiang area, which represent the suture of the former Paleo-Tethys Ocean, fall in one of the four age groups: 239–206 Ma, 182–162 Ma, 126–70 Ma, and 53–32 Ma. The oldest group of major porphyry- and/or granite-related deposits in the Sanjiang zone is related to the subduction and closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean, whereas younger deposits formed during the reactivation of Paleo-Tethys sutures during the closure of the Meso-Tethys and the Neo-Tethys oceans and during the India–Asia collision. Different types of coeval porphyry- and/or granite-related deposits occur along different segments of the same crustal-scale structure and are related to different types of intrusions: Cu (<img>Mo), Cu<img>Au, Au, and Mo (<img>Cu) porphyry or skarn deposits are associated with relatively oxidized rocks that were derived from the melting of subduction-modified mantle with variable contributions from the crust and W<img>Mo and Sn<img>W deposits are related to highly evolved, reduced porphyries and/or granites that originated from partial melting of metasedimentary rocks. Although the inventory of sedimentary source rocks along the sutures is controlled by the geological development before the suture formed, the later reactivation of the suture determines which source rocks become available for melting and, thus, which type of mineralization may form along different reactivated segments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 106584"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate statistical analysis and scheelite ore formation in the Longjiaoshan-Fujiashan W-Cu skarn deposit, Middle-Lower Yangtze River metallogenic Belt (Eastern China)","authors":"Ruizhe Zhao ,&nbsp;Minfang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangyi Ji ,&nbsp;Shichao Shang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Shang ,&nbsp;Weiwei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Longjiaoshan-Fujiashan W-Cu skarn deposit is located in the Edong ore district of the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt (MLYRMB), Eastern China. To elucidate the W ore formation, we analyze the scheelite ore samples with SEM-CL imaging, mineral geochemical analysis, and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Detailed field and microscopic observations show that the scheelite comprises four generations (schA, schB1, schB2, schC) formed in three stages (I to III). EPMA mapping, combined with SEM-CL, reveals that schC (high W generation) is observed mostly in stage I to II. To identify the discriminant elements separating the different sample classes (different ore stages, scheelite generations and scheelite F content) based on scheelite compositions, we carried out partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Binary scatter plots suggest that Mo is a good discriminator in all discriminant groups. Cesium and As are good discriminators for the scheelite ore stage groups, As and Sr for the scheelite generation groups and Nb and Ta for the scheelite fluorine content groups. These discriminators could guide skarn-type W (scheelite) ore prospecting. The close relation of Nb-Ta with high-fluorine scheelite and highly-fractioned granite suggests that highly-fractioned granites and F-rich fluids have contributed to scheelite formation. We propose a multistage scheelite ore-forming process at Longjiaoshan-Fujiashan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The geochemistry, origins and metallurgical implications of different textural types of spodumene-quartz intergrowths (SQUI) from the Tanco pegmatite, Manitoba, Canada","authors":"Catriona M. Breasley ,&nbsp;Tânia Martins ,&nbsp;Robert L. Linnen ,&nbsp;Claude Deveau ,&nbsp;Lee A. Groat ,&nbsp;Lot Koopmans ,&nbsp;Emilie Landry ,&nbsp;Desmond Moser","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Archean Tanco deposit in southeastern Manitoba is a complexly zoned petalite-subtype pegmatite. Lithium mineralization primarily occurs as spodumene-quartz intergrowths (SQUI), which are historically interpreted as pseudomorphs of petalite breakdown. This breakdown would produce a spodumene-to-quartz ratio of 56.3:43.7 vol%, volume reduction textures, and low trace element contents. However, SQUI at Tanco shows variable spodumene-to-quartz ratios, remarkably little petalite preservation or volume reduction textures and green spodumene with up to 8330 ppm Fe.</div><div>Three textural varieties of spodumene-quartz associations were identified and described in zones 45 and 50 of the pegmatite: (1) Classic SQUI with c-axis-oriented, oscillatory-zoned spodumene and quartz, which locally occur within relict crystal outlines; (2) spodumene-quartz symplectites (SQS) characterized by pervasive symplectic intergrowths with elevated Cs and depleted Mn and Sn; and (3) macro spodumene-quartz intergrowths with randomly oriented, stubby crystals and chaotic zonation.</div><div>Metastable virgilite exists as a solid solution with quartz and is known to crystallize from experimental pegmatite crystallization studies. The breakdown of virgilite into classic SQUI could explain the lack of petalite and volume reduction textures, variable mineralogical ratios, and iron-bearing spodumene in SQUI. SQS likely resulted from coupled dissolution-reprecipitation in the presence of a fluid, while macro intergrowths represent primary magmatic textures. The occurrence of SQS at Tanco poses a metallurgical issue due to the fine sizes and hardness of the intergrowths leading to Li recovery issues. Understanding the origins of lithium mineralization is important as the quartz-spodumene textural associations have metallurgical recovery implications, affecting the overall economic viability of deposits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 106577"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extremely Fe-rich beryl from Zhangji deposit: Implications for the unique volcanic fluid environment of beryllium mineralization in Southeast China","authors":"Mianmian Ding ,&nbsp;Xudong Che ,&nbsp;Can Rao ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Beryl group minerals and bertrandite have been identified in the altered rocks of the Zhangji deposit in the volcanic intrusion complex of Southeast China. Complex internal textures and compositional variations characterise two groups of beryl (primary magmatic beryl and secondary hydrothermal beryl). The primary beryl (Brl-I) with low FeO^T (&lt;1.52 wt%), Na₂O (&lt; 0.27 wt%), and minor MgO (&lt;0.07 wt%) showed a regular hexagonal crystal shape, compositional rhythmic annulus, and a planar contact relationship with primary K-feldspars. With the action of hydrothermal fluids, two types of secondary beryl can be distinguished: (1) The Fe-, Mg-, and Na-rich beryl (Brl-II-1), with up to 5.74 wt% FeO^T, 2.60 wt% MgO, and 2.31 wt% Na₂O occurs along fractures in beryl crystals. (2) The extremely Fe-enriched beryl (Brl-II-2) has with up to 11.59 wt% FeO^T, 1.70 wt% MgO, and 1.53 wt% Na₂O and is related to extended metasomatism of Fe-rich fluids. Furthermore, the detailed textural study revealed that beryl evolved through reactions to form bertrandite, K-feldspar, and muscovite. Compared with primary K-feldspar which exhibited a clear contact boundary with surrounding minerals, secondary K-feldspar was adularia and lacked complete crystal form. In addition, compared with primary muscovite which was a long lamellar crystalline shape, secondary muscovite was distributed in clusters in beryl and showed as small grains with higher Fe content. Fe-rich beryl is rarely reported, to our knowledge, the extremely Fe-, Mg-, and Na-rich beryl in Zhangji deposit contains the second highest Fe content in the world, only lower than that found in Latium (Italy), of the metallogenic environment formed as a result of iron-rich and strong oxidation fluids. The strong volcanic magmatic activity during the Late Mesozoic formed a volcanic intrusion complex in Southeast China, this extremely Fe-rich beryl was formed in the special volcanic hydrothermal environment of the volcanic intrusion complex along Southeast China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 106558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magmatic-hydrothermal processes forming the Meishan iron oxide-apatite deposit in the Ningwu volcanic basin (Eastern China): Insights from trace element and Fe-O isotope data of magnetite","authors":"Wan-Ting Li ,&nbsp;Chuan-Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Guang Wen ,&nbsp;Hao Hu ,&nbsp;Xin-Fu Zhao ,&nbsp;Jian-Wei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron oxide-apatite (IOA) deposits are an important source for Fe that is variably accompanied by other elements such as P, Co, and REE. Still, their origin remains enigmatic, with existing models highlighting the role of magmatic, liquid immiscibility, magmatic hydrothermal processes, or a combination of those processes. Here we present new trace element and Fe-O isotope data of magnetite from the Meishan IOA deposit (338Mt iron-oxide ores) in Eastern China to further constrain the ore genesis. The Meishan deposit consists of disseminated, massive, and vein-type iron ores that are hosted within the Early Cretaceous andesitic rocks and, less significantly, in a coeval porphyritic gabbro-diorite intrusion. Petrographic and textural studies reveal six types of magnetite from the gabbro-diorite porphyry and various types of iron ores, and many of them show dissolution-reprecipitation textures. Trace element concentrations of magnetite, notably Ti, Al, Ga, and V, progressively decrease upwards, indicating a cooling trend likely from magmatic to hydrothermal conditions. A similar decreasing trend is also observed from magmatic magnetite in the ore-hosting rocks through massive and brecciated to the vein-type ores. Magnetite from the vein-type ores has δ⁵⁶Fe values of 0.14–0.41 ‰ and δ¹⁸O values of 4.38–5.53 ‰, which are similar to those for the gabbro-diorite porphyry (0.25–0.36 ‰ and 3.77–4.62 ‰) and for the massive ores (0.16–0.19 ‰ and 3.41–5.70 ‰), respectively. The above textural, elemental, and isotopic evidence indicate that the Meishan IOA deposit is of magmatic-hydrothermal origin and records repeated vents of hydrothermal fluids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 106576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Re-Os dating of manganese carbonate ores in Zunyi, Guizhou and implication for their genesis","authors":"Guodong Liu ,&nbsp;Yong Fu ,&nbsp;DaiZhao Chen ,&nbsp;Chuan Guo ,&nbsp;Feng Tian ,&nbsp;Chao Li ,&nbsp;Shuai Chao Wei ,&nbsp;Ran Jiang ,&nbsp;Shuang Yan ,&nbsp;Deng Chen ,&nbsp;Rui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Emeishan Large Igneous Province (ELIP) activities of Middle Permian (260.1 ∼ 259.5 Ma) in the Upper Yangtze block, Southwest China induced large-scale crustal doming, re-organization of basin-platform configuration (or topography) and facies distribution of surrounding marine platform, relative sea-level changes, transition of source materials and fluxes as well as biotic turnover. Several Middle Permian marine sedimentary manganese deposits (MSMDs) precipitated in the intraplatform rift (or trough) surrounding the central doming region of ELIP in the Upper Yangtze block, notably in Zhunyi area, northeastern Guizhou, which was suggested to be linked to the ELIP activity; however, the temporal linkage was loosely constrained. To establish the causal linkage, direct Re-Os isotopic dating was carried out upon the manganese carbonates on the top of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in Zunyi, Guizhou, yielding an isochron age of 262.8 ± 2.5 Ma, thus establishing a robust temporal connection to the ELIP activity. Additionally, the initial ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ratio is 0.537 ± 0.012, lower than that of the coeval seawater, indicating additional influx of submarine mantle-sourced hydrothermal fluids likely associated with the ELIP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 106565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lithium partitioning between aqueous fluids and granitic melt and implications for ore genesis of pegmatite-type Li deposits","authors":"Yi An ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Tang ,&nbsp;Zheng-Hang Lv ,&nbsp;Zhan-Long Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.106567","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The formation and evolution of pegmatite-related Li deposits usually undergo a magma-hydrothermal transition phase. Yet a crucial question remains unclear regarding the geochemical behavior of Li in a coexisting crystal–melt–fluid systems. Here, a method of synthetic fluid inclusions in silicate glass was used to determine the partitioning of Li between granitic melts and aqueous Cl-bearing fluid (s) at 800 °C, 150 MPa, and the &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; of the Ni-NiO buffer. Partition coefficients of Li (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) were calculated from compositions of coexisting fluid inclusions and quenched glasses determined by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The experimental results show that &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; values exhibit a strong dependence on the fluid compositions, and the values linearly increase from 0.11 ± 0.02 (1σ) to 3.11 ± 0.94 (1σ) with the concentration of NaCl from 0.17 to 3.48 (mol/kg H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) in the fluid phase. The addition of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; into constant aqueous NaCl-bearing fluid results in a pronounced drop in &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; values, dropping from1.83 ± 0.40 (1σ) to 0.42 ± 0.23 (1σ) as the mass fraction of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; increase from 0.01 to 0.1. The F contents and aluminum saturation index (ASI) of melt have only a weak impact on &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; values. Our data suggest that the Li partitions into the fluid phase as chloride complex (LiCl&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;). Numerical modeling indicates that Li in low-salinity (5–7 wt% NaCl, correspond to&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt; 1) magmatic fluids is extracted by excessive fractional crystallization of melt. In relatively high salinity (5–15 wt% NaCl, correspond to&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ≥ 1) magmatic fluid systems, Li strongly partitioning into fluid phase in a coexisting crystal–melt–fluid system. This process allows the fluids to efficiently extract metal Li from magma and","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}