Ore Geology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Tetrahedrite-(Hg) from the Litija deposit, Central Slovenia: Mineral chemistry insights into fluid evolution processes","authors":"Aleš Šoster ,&nbsp;Federica Zaccarini ,&nbsp;Janez Zavašnik","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For over a century, the main carrier of Silver in the Litija mineralisation has been debated, with fine-grained galena often identified as the primary host. The <em>in-situ</em> quantitative microanalysis of a silver-bearing ore from the Alma orebody reveals that silver is not hosted within the galena but occurs instead as inclusions within tetrahedrite-(Hg). The mechanism of silver incorporation in tetrahedrite is complex and may occur through atom-to-atom substitution, where monovalent silver replaces monovalent copper (Ag⁺ ↔ Cu⁺). Additionally, silver can be present as a separate phase, either as nanoscale inclusions of acanthite or through the replacement of pre-existing silver-rich chalcopyrite. Elemental correlations and minor variations in the element distribution within the studied tetrahedrite provide insights into the chemistry of the mineralizing fluid. These findings suggest an initial reducing, near-neutral, low-chlorinity fluid promoting incorporation of Sb³⁺ and Hg²⁺ into tetrahedrite. This fluid subsequently mixed with high-salinity, Cl-rich, near-neutral fluid transporting Zn²⁺. Sulfide precipitation introduced additional acidity in the mixed fluids, altering the pH and promoting As³⁺ and Zn²⁺ incorporation into tetrahedrite. We suggest that Hg²⁺ ↔ Zn²⁺ substitution in tetrahedrite is influenced by pH fluctuations and fluid mixing. These findings provide new insights into the geochemical processes governing trace element incorporation in sulfosalt minerals and offer valuable framework for understanding mineralization in similar hydrothermal systems worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petrogenesis and tectonic evolution of mineralized mafic intrusions in the Eastern Desert of Egypt: Implications for gold–sulfide genesis","authors":"Mohamed Zaki Khedr ,&nbsp;Mohamed H. Ghoneim ,&nbsp;Wael Hagag ,&nbsp;Christoph Hauzenberger ,&nbsp;Akihiro Tamura ,&nbsp;Yuji Ichiyama ,&nbsp;Eiichi Takazawa ,&nbsp;Ali Y. Kahal ,&nbsp;Kamal Abdelrahman ,&nbsp;Sara Zamzam ,&nbsp;Tomoaki Morishita ,&nbsp;Amr El-Awady","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106273","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The whole–rock chemistry, mineral chemistry, and remote sensing data of the Atud–Um&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;Khasila Neoproterozoic mafic intrusions in the Eastern Desert of Egypt show two different mafic plutons: (1) the metagabbro–diorite complex; and (2) the G. Atud gabbros. Both of these contain two types of Cu–Ni–Fe–sulfide mineralizations. Multispectral remotely sensed images of Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS, Sentinel 2–B, and ASTER1T were used to give an overview of hydrothermal alteration signatures and distinguish different lithological units. The G. Atud gabbros are intruded into the metagabbro–diorite complex and consist mainly of olivine gabbros, while the metagabbro–diorite complex comprises metagabbros, diorites, and quartz diorites. They were formed under high &lt;em&gt;fO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/em&gt; (ΔFMQ= +1.43 to + 0.33) with a higher crystallization temperature (∼ 900–1100 °C) and pressure (∼ 6.0 kbar on average) at 18 km depth relative to associated metagabbros. Like magmatic sulfides in mafic intrusions, the G. Atud gabbros contain disseminated grains of pyrrhotite, pentlandite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite, up to 5 vol%. On the other hand, sulfide deposits (up to 30 vol%) such as pyrite, As–bearing pyrite, arsenopyrite, and gold with minor sphalerite and galena at the Atud gold mine, are related to the metagabbro–diorite intrusion. They are found as disseminations, patches, microveinlets, and bands. The sulfide deposits and economic gold are spatially concentrated in smoky quartz veins (up to 25 g/t) and metasomatic alteration zones, i.e., silicification and hematization of metagabbros (0.32 g/t), phyllic, argillic, and propylitic alteration, and carbonate–silicified zones, along gabbroic intrusive contacts, which all follow the Najd NW–SE shear zone. They are possibly of hydrothermal origin (epigenetic). They are also precipitated by mineralized fluids (rich in Si, K, Fe, Pb, Ag, Au, As, S, Ni, Zn, Cu, CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) that have been derived from a mixed magmatic–metamorphic source. The high Au contents with As–bearing pyrite and arsenopyrite in both Fe–rich and smoky quartz veins are related to the interaction between Fe from metagabbro–diorites and the Au(HS)&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; compound as well as the crystallization of pyrite, which reduced the sulfur contents in the mineralized fluids and hence led to gold precipitation. The late intrusion of G. Atud gabbros into metagabbro–diorite rocks enhanced the circulation of sulfide-gold-bearing hydrothermal fluids towards the contacts of the latter ones. These fluids along the shear zones cause metasomatic alteration in addition to leaching and the collection of sulfides and gold in the metagabbros. The protoliths of metagabbro–diorite rocks have a calc–alkaline nature and were formed in a volcanic arc setting, while the G. Atud gabbros were crystallized from Mg-rich tholeiitic melts in the extensional rift (e.g., rifted arc) setting as a result of asthenospheric upwelling due to the slab detachment an","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid overprints and mineralization of the Zhuguangshan granite-related U district in China: Recorded by cathodoluminescence textures and chemistry of quartz","authors":"Shen Gao ,&nbsp;Yongjian Wang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Zou ,&nbsp;Edward L. Vinis ,&nbsp;Liangliang Huang ,&nbsp;Yi Tao ,&nbsp;Jing Xu ,&nbsp;Kezhang Qin ,&nbsp;Zhengjie Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most high-grade U ores are mined from quartz veins hosted in granites. The veins formed at shallow depths during episodic hydrothermal activity, however, the evolution of multiple stage fluids is not well constrained. In this study, we collected 56 quartz samples from the world-class, granite-related, Zhuguangshan U district (&gt;17,000 t U from seven deposits) in southern China. Their textures and compositions were analyzed using scanning electron microscope cathodoluminescence (SEM-CL, <em>n</em> = 98) and laser ablation-induction coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS, <em>n</em> = 643). Four types of quartz were identified, including magmatic quartz, early hydrothermal euhedral quartz, ore stage hydrothermal quartz (U-rich), and late hydrothermal quartz. New quartz textures and chemical compositions show that the transition of early hydrothermal quartz from the magmatic to hydrothermal stages is discontinuous, unlike the continuous trend observed in most magmatic-hydrothermal systems. Ore stage quartz is CL dark (with a peak at 650 nm), occurs as rims on early barren quartz, and has high contents of Mn, Al, and Sb. Altered textures of magmatic quartz developed through fluid-rock reactions at low temperatures, while rimmed textures of hydrothermal quartz formed during subsequent late-stage U-bearing fluid events, which played a crucial role in U mineralization. Quartz in the Zhuguangshan U district has distinct features compared to other magmatic-hydrothermal systems that can guide exploration for high-grade ore in this, and perhaps other, granite-related U systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining categorical boosting and Shapley additive explanations for building an interpretable ensemble classifier for identifying mineralization-related geochemical anomalies","authors":"Yongliang Chen ,&nbsp;Bowen Chen ,&nbsp;Alina Shayilan","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The vast majority of shallow and deep learning techniques used to identify mineralization-related geochemical anomalies are black-box algorithms that lack the ability to elucidate the individual contributions of each element towards the model predictions. In addition, most of the anomaly identification models established by both shallow and deep learning algorithms lack robustness. Establishing interpretable and robust machine learning models is a challenge in applying machine learning techniques to geochemical anomaly identification. To this end, the categorical boosting (CatBoost) algorithm was employed to build a robust ensemble classifier to identify mineralization-related anomalies from the 1:50,000 geochemical reconnaissance data (stream sediment survey) in the Yeniugou area of Xinjiang (China). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and precision-recall (P-R) curve of the ensemble model were plotted, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) as well as the area under the P-R curve (AUPRC) of the ensemble model were calculated to measure the performance of the ensemble model. The ROC curve of the ensemble model approximates that of the perfect classification model. The P-R curve of the ensemble model is close to the upper right corner of the P-R space. The AUC and AUPRC values of the ensemble model reaches 0.9981 and 0.7816, respectively. The identified polymetallic mineralization-related geochemical anomalies account for 3% of the whole exploration area, correctly identifying all known polymetallic deposits. To enhance the interpretability of the CatBoost model, the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) tool was adopted to graphically interpret the predictions of the ensemble model. The graphic interpretation shows that the importance order of the 14 elements is Ni-Au-Ag-Sn-As-Cr-Zn-Cu-Pb-Sb-W-Bi-Mo-Co. Cu and Ni are most likely metallogenic elements of the study area. Cu interacts with Ni, Ag, As, Sn, Cr, Zn, Pb, Sb, W, Bi, and Co; and Ni interacts with Au, Sn, As, Zn, Cu, W, Bi, and Co. Two polymetallic prospective areas were delineated in the study area. One is Cu-Ni-polymetallic mineralization prospective area, and the other is Ni-polymetallic mineralization prospective area. It can be concluded that the combination of CatBoost and SHAP is an effective way to construct an interpretable ensemble model with high-performance and robustness in identifying mineralization-related geochemical anomalies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochronology, in-situ elements and sulfur isotopes of sulfides from the Songjiashan cobalt-iron deposit in the Zhongtiao mountains of North China Craton: Implications for cobalt occurrence and ore genesis","authors":"Wen Li ,&nbsp;Bingyu Gao ,&nbsp;Caiyun Lan ,&nbsp;Brendan A. Bishop ,&nbsp;Wenjun Li ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Changle Wang ,&nbsp;Lingang Xu ,&nbsp;Lianchang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Songjiashan Co-Fe deposit in the central part of the “Tongshan skylight” on the southeastern edge of the Zhongtiao Mountains is hosted by the volcanic-sedimentary rock series of the Paleoproterozoic Songjiashan Group. The spatial distribution of the orebodies is controlled by south-north trending rock units. Based on microscopic observations, the dominant ore minerals included magnetite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, carrollite, and linnaeite, while gangue minerals comprised quartz, calcite, sericite, and chlorite. Cobalt-iron ores had massive, banded, disseminated, and veinlet texture, and alteration of the host rocks included silicification, sericitization, pyritization, carbonation, and chloritization. Mineralization processes of the Songjiashan deposit were grouped into three periods: sedimentation, metamorphism, and hydrothermal. The Co concentrations in hydrothermal pyrite (Py-III) varied from 1.05 % to 3.75 %, with an average of 2.45 %. Cobalt in pyrite was homogeneously distributed and inversely correlated to Fe, indicating that Co isomorphically replaced Fe in pyrite. The characteristic Co/Ni ratio of pyrite varied greatly, ranging from 0.1 to 1000, reflecting various genetic types of sedimentation, metamorphism, and hydrothermal mineralization, with the main mineralization period primarily related to hydrothermal activities. Zircon U-Pb geochronology of the host rock and Re-Os isochron of Co-bearing pyrites indicate that Co mineralization mainly occurred at ∼2100 Ma. <em>In-situ</em> S isotopic analysis of sulfides reveals two peak δ³⁴S values of 5–9 ‰ and 12–16 ‰. We interpret that the former value reflects the mixing of volcanic and marine sulfate sources, while the latter value is mainly artributted to marine sulfate sources. All δ³⁴S values were lower than those of Proterozoic marine sulfates (15–20 ‰). Accordingly, we infer that thermochemical sulfate reduction plays a key role in marine sulfate reduction, and that the formation of Co-rich ore bodies in the Songjiashan deposit have undergone processes of initial sedimentation, metamorphism-deformation, and subsequent hydrothermal overprinting. Genetically, we suggest that the Songjiashan deposit belongs to a sedimentary-metamorphic hydrothermal superposition type Co-Fe deposit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genesis of the Ulaan silver-lead–zinc deposit in Northeast Mongolia: Constraints from S and Pb isotopes, together with U-Pb and Rb-Sr geochronology","authors":"Taotao Wu ,&nbsp;Chunji Xue ,&nbsp;Yongheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Lu Chai ,&nbsp;Qingshuang Wang ,&nbsp;Qingzhong Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ulaan silver-lead–zinc deposit (hereinafter referred to as the Ulaan deposit) is identified as the largest silver-lead–zinc polymetallic deposit in Mongolia, with proved reserves including 2,240 tons of silver (Ag; average grade: 49 g/t), 440,000 tons of lead (Pb; average grade: 1.13 %), and 810,000 tons of zinc (Zn; average grade: 2.07 %). However, the genesis of this deposit remains unclear. The Ag-Pb-Zn ore bodies in the deposit, occurring as cylinders in shape within the Middle-Late Jurassic rhyolites, are governed by a concealed breccia pipe. The ore minerals include galena, sphalerite, and pyrite, followed by chalcopyrite, hematite, stibnite, and siderite. The primary alterations of the surrounding rocks include silicification, chloritization, kaolinization, argillization, carbonatization, and skarnization. The Rb-Sr dating of sulfide minerals and associated vein minerals in the ores yielded isochron ages varying in a range of 146 ± 3 Ma (<em>n</em> = 6, MSWD=1.3), suggesting mineralization during the Late Jurassic. The δ³⁴S values of sulfide minerals in the ores range from 1.6 ‰ to 4.3 ‰, suggesting that the sulfur originated primarily from magmas or deep sources. The isotopic compositions of coexisting sphalerite-galena minerals in the deposit revealed mineralization temperature estimates ranging between 331 °C and 449 °C, indicating a medium- to high-temperature ore-forming conditions. The sulfide minerals exhibit ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios ranging from 38.138 to 38.301, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios from 15.543 to 15.594, and ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios from 18.318 to 18.354, suggesting that ore-forming metals, represented by Pb, also originated primarily from mantle source. The zircon U-Pb dating of rhyolites in the ore-hosting strata and ore-controlling breccia pipes yielded ages of 160.6 ± 1.7 Ma (<em>n</em> = 24, MSWD=0.68) and 161.6 ± 1.6 Ma (<em>n</em> = 30, MSWD=0.89), respectively, indicating volcanic eruptions during the early Late Jurassic. These ore-hosting rhyolites exhibit characteristics of A-type rhyolites, suggesting that they were formed in an intracontinental extensional environment. These rhyolites share similar rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns with fluorite formed in the main mineralization stage, suggesting a genetic link between the mineralization and magmatic processes. This study proposes that the Ulaan deposit was a hydrothermal deposit formed in an extensional environment following the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean, with ore-forming metals and hydrothermal fluids associated with volcanic rocks or magmatic-hydrothermal processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of antimony mineralization in the Yangla polymetallic deposit, northwestern Yunnan, SW China: Insights from calcite Sm-Nd dating and C-O-Sr isotopes","authors":"Xinfu Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Li ,&nbsp;Shucheng Tan ,&nbsp;Guo Tang ,&nbsp;Zuopeng Xiang ,&nbsp;Yuedong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcite is the main gangue mineral in antimony (Sb) deposits, and its compositions can reflect the physicochemical conditions of Sb mineralization. The Yangla is the largest Sb deposit (10 kt Sb @ 14.87 %) in the Jinshajiang suture zone (SW China), and the lode-type Sb orebodies are stratabound or developed along NE-trending fracture zones in marble. To constrain the time of Sb mineralization and establish any genetic link with the local magmatism and wallrocks, we performed calcite Sm-Nd dating and bulk C-O and in-situ Sr isotope analyses. The results show that the Sb mineralization (∼155 Ma) was considerably younger than the Cu-Pb-Zn mineralization (∼230 Ma), skarn alteration (∼234 Ma), and granitoid emplacement (∼230 Ma) at Yangla, but much older than the local W mineralization (∼30 Ma). The initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio of calcite (0.71972–0.72208) is much higher than that of the Triassic granodiorite (0.71149– 0.71990) and Carboniferous basalt (0.70562–0.70995), suggesting mixed source of calcite from the ore fluids and Devonian wallrocks. The ore-related calcite has δ¹³C_PDB (−4.53 to − 2.33 ‰) and δ¹⁸O_SMOW (+14.98 to + 16.30 ‰) values that fall between the granite and marine carbonate isotopic fields. This suggests that the ore-forming fluid may be related to the low-temperature alteration of granites and marine carbonate dissolution. Simulated precipitation temperature calculation for the ore-related calcite yielded 200–150 °C, and the calcite C-O isotopes suggest that fluid mixing, fluid-rock interactions, and CO₂ degassing may have precipitated the stibnite in the fracture zones under low-temperature conditions. Our new geochemical results and published data suggest that the Yangla polymetallic mineralization was multiphase, comprising the Indosinian Cu-Pb-Zn (∼230 Ma), Yanshanian Sb (∼155 Ma), and Himalayan W-Sb (∼30 Ma) metallogenic events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genesis of the Longfengchang polymetallic sulfide deposit in the southwest Fujian depression, southeast China, with a comparative study of the “Makeng-Type” iron deposit","authors":"Qiang Wang ,&nbsp;Hongxin Fan ,&nbsp;Xiangdie Cui ,&nbsp;Yulong Yang ,&nbsp;Siyue Yao ,&nbsp;Fengchun Li ,&nbsp;Huimin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Southwest Fujian Depression Belt is a prominent metallogenic zone for skarn-type iron polymetallic deposits in China, with the Longfengchang (LFC) sulfur polymetallic deposit representing a medium-scale, sulfide-dominated deposit in this region. This study conducted a detailed analysis of the LFC deposit, focusing on its mineralogy, mineral composition, and in-situ sulfur isotopes, alongside a comparative study with the “Makeng-type” deposit. The study aims to elucidate the genesis of the LFC deposit, its relationship with the “Makeng-type” deposit, and the factors underlying differences in dominant economic minerals and resource scale. The LFC deposit is hosted within the skarn above the fault contact zone between the Lindi Formation sandstone and the Chuanshan–Qixia Formation carbonate, with mineralization stages classified as skarn-magnetite, quartz-sulfide, and carbonate. LFC garnets are primarily composed of CaO, TFeO, and SiO₂, with minor Al₂O₃ and trace amounts of MgO and MnO, classifying them as distal exoskarn andradite. The presence of Mn³⁺ substituting for Fe³⁺ in garnet suggests that the ore-forming fluid during the garnet skarn stage was likely oxidizing and weakly acidic. LFC pyrites exhibit Co/Ni ratios primarily ranging from 1 to 10, decreasing from Py₁ to Py₃. In-situ sulfur isotope δ³⁴S values range from −1.48 to 3.51 ‰, centering around 0 ‰, and increase from Py₁ to Py₃, suggesting a magmatic-hydrothermal origin and a cooling metallogenic process. Thus, the LFC deposit is classified as a magmatic-hydrothermal skarn-type deposit, consistent with the genesis of “Makeng-type” deposits. The absence of the Jinshe Formation, and mantle-derived magma contribution, and less developed “Si-Ca” interface may explain the smaller scale and different mineralization type in the LFC deposit compared to the “Makeng-type” deposit. The key prospecting area for large iron-sulfur polymetallic deposits in the Southwest Fujian Depression Belt should feature a nappe structural window, well-preserved Jinshe Formation, developed “Si-Ca” interface, Yanshanian high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic intrusions, and coeval mantle-derived magma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Application of (U-Th)/He hematite geochronology to the Çaldağ lateritic Ni-Co deposit, Western Anatolia: Implications for multi-stage weathering events during interglacial periods/segments” [Ore Geology Reviews 172 (2024) 106203]","authors":"Nilay Gülyüz ,&nbsp;İlkay Kuşcu ,&nbsp;Martin Danišík","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The occurrence of cobaltite nanoparticles in pyrite from the De’erni deposit, NW China","authors":"Lei Yan ,&nbsp;Xianzheng Guo ,&nbsp;Yu Fan ,&nbsp;Jun Huang ,&nbsp;Tong Zuo ,&nbsp;Taofa Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cobalt (Co) is a critical metal that occurs in many types of deposits, Co minerals and sulfide hosts are the main forms of Co occurrence. Pyrite is the most important cobalt-bearing mineral in the De’erni Cu-Zn-Co ultramafic-hosted volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits. However, the occurrence and enrichment of Co in pyrite remain unclear. In this study, a combination of LA-ICP-MS and STEM techniques was employed to conduct a detailed mineralogical investigation of pyrite in the De’erni deposit. The results revealed significant variations in cobalt content among pyrite samples from different mineral assemblages. Pyrite associated with magnetite (Mag), pyrrhotite (Po), chalcopyrite (Ccp), arsenopyrite (Apy), and bornite (Bn) (Py-Mag-Po-Ccp-Apy-Bn suite of mineral assemblages) exhibited the highest cobalt content, which ranged from 672.6 ppm to 2007 ppm. Cobalt occurs in two forms in the pyrite from the De’erni deposit: as cobaltite nanoparticles (NPs) and as a substitute for iron (Fe) in the pyrite lattice. The enrichment mechanism of cobalt in pyrite was explored at the deposit and mineral scales. The results indicate that a decrease in ore-forming fluid temperature and an increase in cobalt content may be significant factors contributing to cobalt enrichment at the deposit scale. Lattice defects may play a crucial role in cobalt enrichment within the pyrite lattice. Furthermore, the discovery of cobaltite NPs in pyrite could provide new insights for explaining the complex zonation of the cobalt element in pyrite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}