Ophthalmology and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Micropulse Laser versus Eplerenone for Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A 12-Month Comparison.","authors":"Pasquale Viggiano, Giacomo Boscia, Enrico Borrelli, Federica Evangelista, Ermete Giancipoli, Rodolfo Mastropasqua, Alberto Quarta, Maria Oliva Grassi, Raffaella Aloia, Giovanni Alessio, Lisa Toto, Francesco Boscia","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01059-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01059-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To compare the long-term efficacy of navigated subthreshold micropulse laser (NSML) and continuous oral eplerenone (EPL) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study included 44 eyes with cCSC (EPL: n = 26; NSML: n = 18). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), subretinal fluid (SRF) height, and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) were evaluated over 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed significant improvements in BCVA and CMT (p < 0.05). Complete SRF resolution was achieved in both groups by 12 months, with NSML showing faster resolution (2.77 ± 1.43 vs. 6.34 ± 2.17 months, p < 0.001). The EPL group demonstrated significant SFCT reduction at 6 and 12 months (p = 0.001), while the NSML group showed no significant SFCT changes (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both NSML and EPL improved retinal morphology and visual function in patients with cCSC. NSML achieved faster SRF resolution, while EPL resulted in more significant choroidal thickness reduction. These findings suggest distinct mechanisms of action: NSML primarily affects the retinal pigment epithelium, while EPL modulates choroidal vasculature. Treatment choice may depend on individual patient characteristics and treatment goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"3175-3188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraretinal Microvascular Abnormalities in Eyes with Advanced Stages of Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Comparison Between UWF-FFA, CFP, and OCTA-The RICHARD Study.","authors":"Ana R Santos, Marta Lopes, Torcato Santos, Débora Reste-Ferreira, Inês P Marques, Taffeta C N Yamaguchi, Telmo Miranda, Luís Mendes, António C V Martinho, Liz Pearce, José Cunha-Vaz","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01054-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01054-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA) in eyes with advanced nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) using multimodal approach in co-located areas focusing on central retina (up to 50°) and to look at possible correlations between IRMA and other structural changes, like ischemia and presence of microaneurysms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The RICHARD study (NCT05112445) included 60 eyes from 60 patients with type 2 diabetes with moderate-severe NPDR, diabetic retinopathy severity levels 43, 47, and 53 (DRSS). IRMA were defined as capillary tortuosity covering a minimum circular area of 300 µm (calculated to correspond to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study standard photo 8A) and were identified using multimodal imaging with distinct fields of view (FoV): color fundus photography (CFP) using a Topcon TRC-50DX camera (Topcon Medical Systems, Japan), Optos California ultra wide field fundus fluorescein angiography (UWF-FFA) (Optos plc, UK), and swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) (PLEX® Elite 9000, ZEISS, USA). Different areas of the retina were examined: central macula (up to 20°) and posterior pole (between 20° and 50°).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multimodal imaging was used to identify IRMA in co-located areas (FoV < 50°) including UWF-FFA, CFP, and SS-OCTA. In eyes with DRSS levels 47 and 53, IRMA were identified in both areas of the retina, while in eyes with DRSS level 43, IRMA were detected only outside of the central macula (FoV > 20°). Our results show that when evaluating the presence of IRMA (FoV < 50°), UWF-FFA detected 203 IRMA, SS-OCTA detected 133 IRMA, and CFP detected 104 IRMA. Our results also show that the presence of IRMA was positively associated with presence of microaneurysms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Identification of IRMA in eyes with advanced NPDR is better achieved by UWF-FFA than CFP and SS-OCTA. A statistically significant correlation was found between the presence of IRMA and the increase in number of microaneurysms.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05112445.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"3161-3173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Aflibercept vs Dexamethasone Treatment on Epiretinal Membrane Formation in Eyes with Diabetic Macular Edema.","authors":"Hsin-Ho Chang, Sheng-Chu Chi, Shih-Jen Chen, Yu-Bai Chou, Tai-Chi Lin","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01057-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01057-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the impact of aflibercept and dexamethasone (DEX) on the formation of epiretinal membrane (ERM) and their treatment outcomes in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study, medical records of 124 eyes from 429 patients diagnosed with DME were reviewed between June 2017 and June 2019. Patients were categorized into two groups: the aflibercept group (67 eyes) and the DEX group (57 eyes). The primary endpoint was the secondary ERM incidence following intravitreal treatments and its correlation across different medications. Secondary endpoints included longitudinal changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a 24-month follow-up, eyes treated with DEX had approximately a fourfold higher incidence of ERM development compared to aflibercept [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.97, p = 0.02]. These eyes also showed worse BCVA (p = 0.059) and increased CMT (p = 0.004), despite requiring fewer total injections (p = 0.000) in the survival analysis model. The cumulative probability of ERM formation was 13.7%. Additionally, DME eyes exhibited poor functional and anatomical outcomes after developing ERM, while age, A1c level, DR severity, initial BCVA and CMT, lens status, and previous laser treatment were not associated with an elevated incidence of ERM formation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intravitreal DEX implantation in DME eyes resulted in a higher incidence of secondary ERM formation compared to aflibercept over a 2-year period. The therapeutic efficacy for DME was diminished following ERM development, leading to worse anatomical outcomes. New therapeutic approaches should be explored to prevent ERM formation while maintaining both anatomical and functional outcomes in DME treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"3149-3159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Evaluation of Violet Light Filtration and High-Resolution Lathing on a Diffractive Extended Depth of Focus IOL.","authors":"Daniel H Chang, Andrew A Kao, Laura K Huggins, Jacqueline N Albert, Jacqueline N Whinery, Brittany M Camirand","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01056-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01056-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study is a prospective, randomized, subject/evaluator-masked clinical trial in a single-center clinical setting. The purpose of the study is to compare the clinical performance of Tecnis Symfony Optiblue IOL (models ZXR00V and ZXW150) with violet light filter (VLF) and manufacturing improvements versus Tecnis Symfony IOL (models ZXR00 and ZXT150) with ultraviolet light filter (UVF) in patients undergoing cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with cataracts aged ≥ 22 years were randomly assigned 1:1 to bilateral implantation with ZXR00V/ZXW150 (VLF group) or ZXR00/ZXT150 (UVF group). Key endpoints at 6 months postoperative included patient reported nighttime dysphotopsia symptoms, 25% low contrast visual acuity with glare, and patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty patients were implanted with ZXR00V/ZXW150 (30) or ZXR00/ZXT150 (30). At 6 months, the VLF group did not show a statistically significant differences in mean monocular photopic uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA), best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UCNVA) (40 cm), or distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA) (40 cm) compared to the UVF group. At 1 month, patients in the VLF group reported significantly less difficulty due to halo (p = 0.016) and starburst (p = 0.028) symptoms. By the 6 months, dysphotopsia complaints were no longer significantly different between the groups. Although the VLF group trended toward better low contrast visual acuity and patient satisfaction, statistical significance was not reached.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Managing the patients' expectations is key to achieving success. At the 1-month visit the patients who reported dysphotopsia complaints in the VLF group had significantly less difficulty with starbursts and halos as compared to the UVF group. By the 6-month visit, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the difficulty with starbursts and halos.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT06567834.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"3135-3147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Preservative-Free Combination of Sodium Hyaluronate and Trehalose Improves Dry Eye Signs and Symptoms and Increases Patient Satisfaction in Real-Life Settings: The TEARS Study.","authors":"Antonio J Mateo-Orobia, Sarah Farrant, Eduardo Del-Prado-Sanz, Alejandro Blasco-Martínez, Miriam Idoipe-Corta, Noelia Lafuente-Ojeda, Luis E Pablo-Júlvez","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01044-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01044-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dry eye disease (DED) is a frequently observed condition characterized by ocular discomfort and visual disturbance. It is highly prevalent and impairs patients' quality of life (QoL). This study assessed the benefit of a preservative-free bioprotectant eye drop formulation containing sodium hyaluronate and trehalose (SH-trehalose) with regards to DED, as well as patient satisfaction, through a large-scale real-life survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a multi-center, international, prospective observational study, subjects with DED received SH-trehalose for 84 days. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Dry Eye Questionnaire-5 items (DEQ-5), and patient satisfaction were assessed at baseline, day 28, and day 84, and clinical evaluations included ocular surface staining, Schirmer test, tear film break-up time (TBUT), and conjunctival hyperemia at baseline and day 84.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 312 patients were evaluated, of whom 82.4% were women. The mean age was 57.9 ± 15.2 years. The mean OSDI score at baseline was 41.7 ± 20.6. After 84 days, the mean OSDI score was 27.3 ± 19.8 (p < 0.001). The percentage of patients with a severe OSDI score decreased from 60.3 to 34.5%. The DEQ-5 score significantly (p < 0.001) improved after 28 and 84 days, as did patient satisfaction. Ocular surface staining, Schirmer test, TBUT, and conjunctival hyperemia scores improved significantly (all p < 0.001) for both eyes with SH-trehalose between baseline and day 84. Tolerance of SH-trehalose was good.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SH-trehalose significantly improved the clinical signs and symptoms of DED after 84 days. Moreover, it significantly increased patient satisfaction and was well tolerated.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT04803240.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"3123-3134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Response to: Letter to the Editor regarding \"Efficacy of Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses in Reducing Myopia Progression Among Taiwanese Schoolchildren: A Randomized Paired-Eye Clinical Trial\".","authors":"Yao-Lin Liu, Tzu-Hsun Tsai","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01047-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01047-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"3219-3220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phospholipid Nanoemulsion-Based Ocular Lubricant for the Treatment of Dry Eye Subtypes: A Multicenter and Prospective Study.","authors":"Maria Cristina Nishiwaki-Dantas, Denise de Freitas, Denise Fornazari, Myrna Serapião Dos Santos, Tais Hitomi Wakamatsu, Caroline Nascimento Barquilha, Marília Trindade Ferrer, Helga Caputo Nunes Holzhausen, Monica Alves","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01058-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01058-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition of the ocular surface (OS) characterized by loss of tear film homeostasis, ocular discomfort, and vision disturbances. Most available ocular lubricants target the aqueous deficiency of the tear, restoring only this layer, leaving the tear lipid stratum deficient, as occurs in most patients with evaporative DED. An innovative propylene glycol-hydroxypropyl guar enriched with a phospholipid nanoemulsion (PG-HPG-PH-N) is indicated to restore deficiencies in both the lipid and aqueous layers of the tear film, and its composition was designed to increase lubricant retention on the OS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, through the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and clinical assessment, the treatment of patients who had DED due to aqueous deficiency arising from mixed or evaporative DED subtypes with a PG-HPG-PH-N ocular lubricant at a reduced frequency of twice a day, in a prospective, multicenter, and single-arm study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were screened from days - 7 to 0, and from day 1 (baseline and first day of treatment) to day 28 of treatment with this lubricant. After visit 1 (screening visit, days - 7 to 0), designed as pre-treatment OS assessment, patients returned to their research center on days 14 and 28 of treatment for a complete assessment, including anamnesis, the OSDI, corrected visual acuity, tear breakup time (TFBUT), OS staining evaluation, tolerability index, and environmental exposure questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy patients were enrolled in this study (60 women, 10 men), with a mean age of 45 (range 27-64) years. TFBUT results showed an improvement in tear film stability as vital dyes sodium fluorescein and lysamine green showed a decrease in corneal staining after 14 and 28 days of treatment. No significant adverse events were reported, demonstrating the good tolerability of the lubricant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The PG-HPG-PH-N nanoemulsion can be considered to be a safe and effective ocular lubricant for treating DED due to aqueous deficiency, both mixed and evaporative subtypes.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Brazilian National Research Ethics Commission (ReBEC registration number 16055).</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"3203-3213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Macular Choroidal Thickness in Danish Children with Myopia After Two-Year Low-Dose Atropine and One-Year Wash-Out: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Niklas C Hansen, Anders Hvid-Hansen, Toke Bek, Flemming Møller, Nina Jacobsen, Line Kessel","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01051-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01051-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Our aim in this work was to investigate the macular choroidal thickness (ChT) changes in 6-12-year-old Danish children with myopia during 2 years of low-dose atropine treatment and 1-year wash-out vs. placebo in an investigator-initiated, placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized clinical trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-seven participants were randomized to either 0.01% for 2 years, 0.1% loading dose for 6 months followed by 0.01% for 18 months, or placebo, then a 1-year wash-out. The primary outcome was ChT in the sub-foveal and inner and outer superior, nasal, inferior, and temporal sectors. The secondary outcome was axial length (AL). Outcomes were measured at baseline and 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. One-way analysis of variance was used to detect baseline ChT differences between AL-stratified groups (< 24 mm, 24-25 mm, or > 25 mm). To determine the longitudinal changes in ChT and its effect on AL, all eyes were included in linear mixed modeling with individual eyes nested in the study ID as a random effect.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Longer eyes had significantly thinner ChT in all choroidal sectors (adj-P < 0.01) at baseline. There was no statistically significant change in any ChT sector after 3 years in the placebo group. Sub-foveal and nasal ChT in the 0.1% loading dose and 0.01% group were not significantly different from placebo after 2-year treatment. In the placebo group, a 1-mm increase in AL was significantly associated with a 47-µm thinner nasal ChT after 3 years (95% confidence interval (CI): - 55; - 38, adj-P < 0.001). A 10-µm thicker nasal choroid at baseline was associated with 0.13 mm (95% CI: 0.009; 0.017, adj-P < 0.001) less 3-year axial elongation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ChT in Danish children with myopia remained stable over the 3-year follow-up. A thinner choroid at myopia onset might predispose to increased axial elongation. Treatment with 0.01% atropine did not change the ChT. We speculate that low-dose atropine does not primarily reduce myopia progression via a choroidal mechanism.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT03911271.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"3111-3122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative Pain Comparison Between Alcohol-Assisted and Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy Using Nepafenac Treatment: A Novel Study.","authors":"Nir Gomel, Nadav Shemesh, Nir Sorkin, Nadav Levinger, Shmuel Levinger, Ami Hirsch, Asaf Achiron, Eliya Levinger","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01040-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01040-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The study aimed to compare postoperative pain between alcohol-assisted and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy in patients who received the novel analgesic preoperative nepafenac treatment 2 days preoperatively and 3 days postoperatively. Pain, stinging, tearing, light sensitivity, and stress levels were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included a retrospective analysis of 55 patients divided into two groups: bilateral alcohol-assisted photorefractive keratectomy (aa-PRK) and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (transepithelial-PRK). Nepafenac was administered for pain control for all patients, with patients receiving four drops for 2 days before the surgery and 3 days postoperatively per clinical instructions. Patients completed questionnaires on the day of the surgery and for the first 5 days postoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed using XLSTAT (version 2023.1.2). t-Test was used to analyze and compare pain and symptom levels and Fisher's exact test for categorical data. p-Values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study examined 55 patients (49% female) with a mean age of 25.11 ± 6.81 years who had undergone bilateral surface refractive surgery to correct myopic errors. The mean baseline standard error (SE) was -3.16 ± 2.20 D. Among these patients, 27 patients underwent aa-PRK and 28 patients underwent transepithelial-PRK. Higher levels of pain were significant in the aa-PRK group (p = 0.003). However, there was no significant difference between the groups in the average levels of stinging, tearing, or light sensation. Additionally, stress levels decreased over time in both groups, with levels becoming almost equal after 5 days, and there was no significant difference in the average stress levels between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study found that patients who underwent the transepithelial-PRK procedure had significantly lower pain levels compared with those who underwent aa-PRK after being treated with nepafenac per protocol. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of stinging, tearing, light sensation, and stress levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"3049-3057"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parents' or Guardians' Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in the Prevention and Management of Childhood Myopia.","authors":"Yifeng Qian, Peirong Lu","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01045-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01045-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of parents or guardians regarding the prevention and management of childhood myopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (Suzhou, China) between August 2023 and November 2023. Parents or guardians who willingly volunteered to take part in the study were surveyed using a self-designed questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 571 participants returned valid questionnaires, among whom 288 respondents (50.44%) fell within the 31- to 40-year age group and 474 respondents (83.01%) were identified as myopic. The mean KAP scores for the knowledge, attitude and practices dimensions were 23.34 ± 3.05 (possible range: 0-26), 46.47 ± 4.02 (possible range: 12-60), and 40.52 ± 7.07 (possible range: 11-54), respectively. Structural equation modeling analysis indicated that education had a direct effect on knowledge (estimate = 0.41, P = 0.038), while knowledge directly influenced both attitude (estimate = 0.40, P < 0.001) and practices (estimate = 0.36, P < 0.001). Also, attitude was found to have a direct impact on practices (estimate = 0.45, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parents or guardians had adequate knowledge, a positive attitude, and proactive practices towards the prevention and management of childhood myopia, which might be affected by their educational level. This comprehensive understanding of parental perspectives highlights the potential for targeted interventions in clinical settings to further enhance pediatric eye care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"3095-3109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}