Ophthalmology and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Long-Term Clarity of High-Water-Content Hydrophobic Acrylic Intraocular Lens: A 3-Year Randomized Comparison with a Hydrophobic Lens of Similar Material and Design.","authors":"Akira Miyata, Kazunori Miyata, Keiichiro Minami","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01165-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01165-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This randomized prospective study aimed to quantitatively evaluate 3-year visual function, glistenings, and surface light scattering following the implantation of high-water-content hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One-piece high-water-content IOLs (Clareon® SY60WF; group C) and control hydrophobic acrylic IOLs (Vivinex XY1; group V) were randomly implanted in 120 Japanese participants (120 eyes). Subsequently, the corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), contrast sensitivity, glistening-derived microvacuoles (MVs), and surface light scattering were examined up to 3 years postoperatively. EPCO software was used to confirm the absence of postoperative capsule opacification to ensure that it did not influence the outcomes. MVs within a 15 × 4 mm area were counted using a slit-lamp microscope. Surface light scattering was evaluated using densitometry. Finally, outcomes were compared among the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 116 eyes were compared (58 eyes each in groups C and V). No differences in the CDVA, contrast sensitivity, and MVs were observed between the groups. The mean densitometry value in group C was significantly higher (P = 0.027) than in group V, increasing significantly from the values recorded at 1-4 weeks, although the change was clinically small (0.29%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This randomized comparative study confirmed non-inferiority in visual function of eyes with Clareon IOLs. A 3-year comparison indicated no difference in glistening suppression, CDVA, or contrast sensitivity, whereas a slight increase was observed in surface light scattering.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Registered in the Japan Registry for Clinical Trials (identifier jRCTs032190093).</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1521-1532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Vascular Endothelial Damage, and the Microbiome: Drivers of Ocular Degenerative and Inflammatory Diseases.","authors":"Russell Phillips","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01160-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01160-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is abundant evidence in medical literature that Western diet and lifestyle drive the cellular and metabolic processes which underlie chronic non-communicable diseases. However, non-pharmaceutical interventions, which focus on nutrition, the microbiome and lifestyle, to prevent non-communicable diseases are not part of mainstream treatment, for a variety of reasons. Lack of progress in stemming the rise in chronic non-communicable diseases can be attributed to the current 'downstream' medical paradigm which is focused on treating disease and symptoms, rather than preventing disease via an 'upstream' approach, which looks at cause and process. Metabolic abnormalities and obesity have previously been noted as correlated with common chronic ophthalmic conditions such as age related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, ocular inflammation, diabetic retinopathy and retinal vascular occlusive disease. These are ocular manifestations of an underlying common cause. The aim of this paper, using an ophthalmic context, is to provide an overview of the cellular pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie chronic non-communicable diseases, including ophthalmic diseases, and to draw the links between diet and lifestyle, the microbiome and chronic non-communicable diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1429-1452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transepithelial Versus Conventional PRK: A Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Robert Edward T Ang","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01167-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01167-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (t-PRK) is an updated maneuver based on the proven surgical procedure of conventional photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for the correction of ametropia. Unlike conventional PRK, which is a two-step process involving the physical removal of the corneal epithelium prior to excimer laser treatment of the stroma, t-PRK uses the excimer laser to complete both activities in a single-step procedure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, contralateral, masked, single-surgeon study of adult subjects with myopia with a manifest residual spherical equivalent (MRSE) of ≤ 1.5 D or hyperopia with an MRSE of ≥  + 1.5 D, conducted at a single center in the Philippines. Eligible subjects were randomized to undergo conventional PRK in one eye and t-PRK in the other. The follow-up was for 6 months. The primary endpoint evaluated the absolute refractive predictability at 3 months. Secondary endpoints during the 6-month follow-up included safety, manifest refraction, visual acuity, halos and glare, slit-lamp examinations, and patient-reported outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 35 subjects (70 eyes) were enrolled (63% female, 94% Asian, mean age 30 years). The mean (standard deviation [SD]) absolute prediction error was 0.26 D (0.23) for conventional PRK and 0.34 D (0.32) for t-PRK, meeting the threshold for demonstration of noninferiority (p = 0.2253). There were no statistically significant differences between conventional PRK and t-PRK for manifest sphere, manifest cylinder, MRSE, or uncorrected or corrected visual acuity at 6 months. All subjects were satisfied with both procedures and there was no preference for one treatment over the other.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both conventional and t-PRK are equally safe and effective, and result in favorable outcomes for subjects with ametropia. The efficiency of the t-PRK procedure versus conventional PRK should be considered when PRK is indicated.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04698174.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1567-1579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Ocular Safety Profile Assessment: A Novel Grading Scale for Ocular Adverse Reactions Associated with Bemarituzumab.","authors":"Asim V Farooq, Savreet Kaur, Pradeep Hundal, Maureen Burke, Rosilin Sulaiman, Anita Zahlten-Kümeli, Sumera Raoof, Zhezhen Li, Telma Murias Dos Santos, Xiaojun Jacqueline Huang, Kathryn Colby","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01139-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01139-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Targeted cancer therapies have transformed the landscape of cancer treatments but are often associated with off-target adverse drug reactions due to overlapping molecular pathways in healthy tissues, including those in the eye. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), expressed across various parts of the eye, can become unintended targets of FGFR inhibitors such as erdafitinib, infigratinib, and pemigatinib, leading to ocular adverse events (AEs) affecting the ocular surface and retina. AEs across clinical trials are graded using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), which may not completely capture the ocular sequelae resulting from the use of emerging therapies. As CTCAE grading is mainly through the description of symptoms and their impact on visual acuity, it is imperative to use a tool that relies more on objective findings from ophthalmologic evaluations. The novel ocular adverse reaction severity grading scale developed by Amgen in collaboration with expert ophthalmologists, accounts for the anatomical regions impacted by ocular adverse reactions and anchors each severity grade to objective observable criteria from ophthalmologic evaluations. This grading scale is being used across the clinical development program for bemarituzumab to precisely characterize the ocular safety profile, enabling cross-specialty collaboration between oncologists and eye care providers to implement appropriate management strategies. This commentary article highlights the efforts led by Amgen in collaboration with regulatory, medical, and academic fields to develop tools that facilitate early recognition of adverse reactions and appropriate interventions for patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1349-1356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outer Retinal Tubulation and Geographic Atrophy: A Natural History Analysis of Sham Observed Eyes from the OAKS and DERBY Trials.","authors":"Srinivas Sadda, Kensington A Hatcher, Birva K Shah, Srinivas Sai Kondapalli, Chao Li, Caroline R Baumal","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01156-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01156-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Retrospective, longitudinal analysis of sham observed eyes from the phase 3 OAKS and DERBY trials evaluated the relationship between geographic atrophy (GA) growth and the presence or absence of outer retinal tubulation (ORT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prevalence rates of ORT were calculated, and analysis of GA growth was performed using fundus autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography (OCT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ORT prevalence rates were 32%, 37.5%, and 43% at baseline, month 12, and month 24, respectively. Eyes with a fully formed ORT at baseline had 23.6% less GA area growth over 24 months compared with GA without ORT present at baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of ORT at baseline on OCT may be reflective of slower growth of GA, irrespective of GA location, as was noted in this series. The potential diagnostic impact of ORT should be considered when designing clinical studies for GA and when analyzing the results of such studies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>OAKS: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03525613 (registered May 15, 2018); EudraCT identifier 2018-001435-52 (registered September 27, 2018).</p><p><strong>Derby: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03525600 (registered May 15, 2018); EudraCT identifier 2018-001436-22 (registered September 21, 2018).</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1611-1619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dry Eye Disease: From Causes to Patient Care and Clinical Collaboration-A Narrative Review.","authors":"Pasquale Aragona, Stefano Barabino, Antonio Di Zazzo, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Edoardo Villani, Francesco Aiello, Elena Antoniazzi, Stefano Bonini, Emilia Cantera, Gianpaolo Carlini, Chiara Chierego, Rossella Colabelli, Romina Fasciani, Antonella Franch, Giovanna Gabbriellini, Caterina Maria Rita Gagliano, Andrea Leonardi, Angelo Macrì, Rita Mencucci, Luigi Mosca, Vincenzo Orfeo, Antonio Pinna, Augusto Pocobelli, Romolo Protti, Paolo Rama, Laura Rania, Miguel Rechichi, Pierangela Rubino, Andrea Russo, Vincenzo Scorcia, Leopoldo Spadea, Marco Trentadue, Salvatore Troisi, Piera Versura, Maurizio Rolando","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01161-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01161-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dry eye disease (DED) is a common condition of the ocular surface that affects tens of millions of people worldwide. It is often characterized by decreased tear production or increased evaporation, resulting in a wide range of signs and symptoms. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature related to DED, detailing causes, diagnostic tests, and medical management. Several mechanisms contribute to the maintenance of the physiological integrity of the ocular surface, and their dysfunction may result in noticeable symptoms. Accurate diagnosis is therefore essential, even when physiological function is only minimally impaired or no clear pathological signs are present. The review emphasizes the importance of addressing the underlying causes through a combination of treatment options, lifestyle changes, and enhanced communication between patients and healthcare providers to break the cycle of inflammation and tear instability. It aims to raise awareness among patients, healthcare professionals, and researchers regarding the diagnosis and treatment of DED, while also highlighting recent advancements and future challenges in its management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1411-1428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Biological Evaluation of NAAGA Versus Azelastine Eye Drops in Patients with Allergic Conjunctivitis and Tear Film Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Mario Troisi, Salvatore Troisi, Diego Strianese, Michele Rinaldi, Maria Vittoria Turco, Ciro Costagliola","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01171-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01171-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Allergic conjunctivitis is a common ocular condition characterized by discomfort, itching, and redness, which significantly impacts quality of life. Its frequent overlap with dry eye disease (DED) complicates diagnosis and management, as both conditions share inflammation and tear film dysfunction as underlying mechanisms. Effective treatments must address both the inflammatory and tear film aspects of these conditions. While traditional therapies include antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers, innovative approaches focus on agents with dual anti-inflammatory and antiallergic properties. N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAGA) has shown potential in alleviating symptoms of both allergic conjunctivitis and DED through mechanisms involving mast cell stabilization, inhibition of inflammatory mediators, and improvement of tear film stability. This study compares the efficacy of NAAGA and azelastine hydrochloride, an established antihistamine, in improving symptoms and clinical markers of tear film dysfunction in patients with allergic conjunctivitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, single-blind study included 134 patients with atopy and mild to moderate tear film dysfunction. Participants received either NAAGA (49 mg/ml, four times daily) or azelastine hydrochloride (0.05%, twice daily) for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores. Secondary endpoints included tear osmolarity, Schirmer test results, tear break-up time (TBUT), fluorescein staining, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both treatments improved all parameters significantly over 4 weeks. NAAGA reduced OSDI scores from 26.12 ± 4.70 to 11.84 ± 3.43, compared to azelastine's improvement from 24.57 ± 4.70 to 15.54 ± 4.36 (p < 0.001). NAAGA showed superior reductions in tear osmolarity (from 320.99 ± 4.35 to 312.33 ± 3.25 mOsm/l) compared to azelastine (from 320.13 ± 3.46 to 318.57 ± 3.46 mOsm/l, p < 0.001), and greater enhancements in Schirmer test results (6.51 ± 1.95 mm to 10.08 ± 1.88 mm) and TBUT (4.10 ± 1.70 to 7.91 ± 1.79 s).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NAAGA outperformed azelastine in alleviating symptoms and improving clinical markers of tear film dysfunction in allergic conjunctivitis. Its dual action on inflammation and tear stability highlights its therapeutic potential. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings and explore additional applications.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT12345678.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1581-1595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Outcomes of Brolucizumab Treatment in Japanese Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A 12-Month, Multicenter Study.","authors":"Masayuki Ohnaka, Yoichi Sakurada, Atsushi Hayashi, Kazuaki Kadonosono, Hitoshi Ohno, Ryusaburo Mori, Hidetaka Matsumoto, Ippei Nagamori, Yuki Murata, Tina Maio-Twofoot, Helene Karcher, Hidenori Takahashi","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01159-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01159-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the real-world outcomes of brolucizumab use in Japanese patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PHEASANT was a retrospective, multicenter, single-arm cohort study. The study included 438 patients, of whom 123 were treatment-naïve and 315 were pre-treated. The primary outcome was retinal fluid (subretinal fluid [SRF] and intraretinal fluid [IRF]) resolution at month 12, with change in visual and retinal anatomy parameters and safety assessed as key secondary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline in the treatment-naïve cohort, 10.1% (n = 7/69) of patients were free of retinal fluid, increasing to 62.3% (n = 43/69) at month 12. In the pre-treated cohort, 14.9% (n = 30/201) of patients were free of retinal fluid at baseline, increasing to 43.8% (n = 88/201) at month 12. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) injection interval for pre-treated patients at month 12 was extended by 21 (7.0-35.0) days. The overall intraocular inflammation rate (including the rate of retinal vasculitis/retinal occlusive vasculitis of 0.46% [2/438]) was 8.4% (n = 37/438).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a real-world clinical setting, brolucizumab was effective at drying the retina in treatment-naïve and pre-treated Japanese nAMD patients and therefore has the potential to reduce the treatment burden by prolonging injection intervals. Safety outcomes support the overall favorable benefit/risk profile of brolucizumab.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong></p><p><strong>Gov identifier: </strong>NCT06699914.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1551-1565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Outcomes of Retropupillary Iris-Claw Intraocular Lens Implantation for Various Indications.","authors":"Hyo Song Park, Sung Chul Park, Jin Ha Kim, Young Hoon Ohn, Tae Kwann Park, Jung Woo Han","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01153-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01153-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The retropupillary iris-claw intraocular lens (RP-IOL) offers a sutureless solution to complications like aphakia, intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation, and opacification post-cataract surgery. Unlike time-consuming, complication-prone traditional methods, RP-IOL potentially reduces surgical time and complications. This study evaluates RP-IOL's clinical outcomes to assess its efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective case series reviewed medical records of 68 eyes from 68 patients who underwent RP-IOL implantation between January 2017 and May 2023. Preoperative and postoperative data, including visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and spherical equivalent (SE), were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean uncorrected VA improved significantly from 1.25 ± 0.73 (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) preoperatively to 0.42 ± 0.47 at 1 month postoperatively (P < 0.001). The mean IOP decreased significantly from 17.69 ± 5.01 mmHg preoperatively to 16.09 ± 4.23 mmHg 1 month postoperatively (P = 0.041). Postoperative complications occurred in 35.3% of cases, with the most common being IOP elevation (13.2%), cystoid macular edema (11.8%), and disenclavation of IOL (7.4%). Most complications were successfully managed. The study also included a subanalysis of seven patients with IOL opacification, showing improved VA postoperatively, although without statistical significance due to the small sample size.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RP-IOL implantation is an effective and safe option for secondary IOL implantation or exchange in cases of aphakia, IOL dislocation, and IOL opacification. The procedure offers significant improvements in visual acuity and a reduction in intraocular pressure, with manageable postoperative complications. While the study supports the use of RP-IOL as a viable option, further research with larger sample sizes and prospective designs is recommended to establish its long-term efficacy and safety compared to traditional methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1491-1501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral Neuropathy Symptoms and Ocular Surface Lesions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dry Eye: A Clinical Correlational Study.","authors":"Yanling Liu, Dapeng Sun, Qianqian Kong, Dongfang Li, Rui Wang, Jia Yin, Lixin Xie, Yanling Dong, Yangyang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01150-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01150-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Reduced corneal sensation in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to a dissociation between dry eye disease (DED) signs and symptoms, thereby affecting diagnostic accuracy. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between ocular surface signs and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) symptoms in patients with T2DM-associated DED.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Questionnaire (MNSIQ) was used to categorize patients with T2DM into MNSIQ-DPN and non-DPN groups. Ocular irritation symptoms were evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. Ocular surface lesions were assessed via Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), the Schirmer I tear test (SIT), tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive keratography break-up time (NIKf-BUT), and the meibomian gland loss (MGL) grade detected by OCULUS. Corneal nerve fiber parameters were evaluated using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 116 patients with T2DM, comprising 76 non-DPN patients and 40 MNSIQ-DPN patients, along with 51 age-matched participants without diabetes, were enrolled. Although OSDI scores were equivalent between MNSIQ-DPN patients and non-DPN patients, MNSIQ-DPN patients presented significantly more severe CFS (p < 0.001), meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) (p < 0.001), corneal nerve fiber loss (p < 0.001), sensory dysfunction (p = 0.02), and corneal microneuromas (p < 0.001). The MNSIQ score was significantly positively correlated with CFS (p < 0.001); MGD (p < 0.01); corneal nerve fiber loss, including corneal nerve fiber density and length and branch density, in the paracentral (all p < 0.001) and inferior-whorl areas (p < 0.01, p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively); and corneal microneuromas, characterized by increased microneuroma numbers (p < 0.001) and areas (p < 0.001) in these regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MNSIQ scores were significantly and robustly correlated with the presence of corneal epithelial defects, MGD, and nerve fiber loss in patients with T2DM. These findings suggest that DPN is a critical factor in diabetic ocular surface complications, highlighting the importance of the MNSIQ for assessing these conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1503-1519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}