Ophthalmology and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and the Ocular Surface: A Narrative Review of Restoration, Remodeling, and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Henry Bair, Molly Orlick, Zeba A Syed","doi":"10.1007/s40123-026-01425-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-026-01425-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have become a recurring topic in ophthalmology, yet most reviews emphasize posterior segment and neuro-ophthalmic disease while giving comparatively little attention to the ocular surface. In this review, we frame the relevant target not as isolated anterior structures but as a proposed metabolic surface unit composed of the lacrimal gland, tear film, conjunctiva, meibomian glands, corneal epithelium, corneal nerves, and the periocular tissues that support lid-globe function, and we argue that current evidence is best understood as restoration versus remodeling. Preclinical work provides the clearest biologic rationale: liraglutide studies have reported reduced lacrimal gland inflammation and fibrosis, and improved tear secretion, corneal epithelial migration, and nerve regeneration, while a semaglutide study in aged mice suggests lacrimal structural rescue through attenuation of senescence-associated inflammatory, oxidative, and fibrotic programs. Human evidence remains limited and largely observational, with retrospective diabetic cohorts showing lower rates of dry eye disease and superficial keratitis and a small clinical study showing better Schirmer testing and tear breakup time in GLP-1RA users. At the same time, emerging oculoplastic and imaging studies, particularly from obesity and weight loss populations, suggest periocular volume loss, brow descent, and dermatochalasis which may alter lid support, blink mechanics, and tear distribution. For anterior segment clinicians, the practical implication is that GLP-1RA exposure should prompt phenotype-based assessment of both ocular surface status and periocular geometry, although these recommendations remain expert extrapolations rather than guideline-level evidence. Current data are therefore consistent with a dual thesis: GLP-1RAs may be associated with biologic restoration at the lacrimal-corneal-neural axis and with structural remodeling of the periocular scaffold, although direct mechanistic support is presently stronger for the former than for the latter.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"2545-2562"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorescein Angiography Leakage Patterns in Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy: Neovascularization or Central Serous Chorioretinopathy?","authors":"Soon Il Choi, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Won Ki Lee","doi":"10.1007/s40123-026-01441-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-026-01441-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this work is to characterize fluorescein angiography (FA) leakage patterns in eyes with pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) and subretinal fluid (SRF), and to evaluate their associations with clinical features and treatment response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective observational study of consecutive patients with PNV presenting with SRF on optical coherence tomography and a clearly visible macular neovascular network on optical coherence tomography angiography at a single center. FA findings, multimodal imaging features, and clinical characteristics were analyzed. FA leakage was classified as neovascular (NV)-pattern leakage, characterized by diffuse leakage; central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC)-pattern leakage, characterized by pinpoint leakage; or an undetermined pattern. Main outcome measures were the distribution of FA leakage patterns and their associations with clinical features and treatment response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-one eyes from 68 patients were included. Baseline FA revealed NV pattern, CSC pattern, and mixed-pattern leakage in 43 (60.56%), 19 (26.76%), and three eyes (4.23%), respectively, while six eyes (8.45%) were indeterminate. Younger age, greater SRF height, and neurosensory retinal sagging were significantly associated with the CSC- pattern group. Among eyes that received anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy, complete SRF resolution after three loading injections occurred in 65.85% of the NV pattern group and 27.27% of the CSC pattern group (odds ratio, 5.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-22.49; P = 0.037). Of the seven eyes in the CSC pattern group that were observed without anti-VEGF therapy, five (71.43%) showed spontaneous resolution. Ninety-five percent of CSC leakage points (20/21) were located along the NV margin. Leakage pattern changes were observed in 19% of repeated FA examinations during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the pachychoroid context, the presence of neovascularization does not necessarily indicate that accumulated fluid originates from the neovascular complex. Combined CSC and nonexudative PNV appears relatively common, with CSC leakage points typically located along the NV margin. Given its frequency, the risk of neovascular activation, and the recurrent nature of CSC, FA remains valuable for identifying the origin of SRF when indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"2669-2679"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148339688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractive and Visual Outcomes of SmartSight NOVA Refractive Lenticule Extraction for Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism at 3 Months: a Retrospective Case Series.","authors":"Ji Eun Keum, Tae Keun Yoo, Jong-Chan Kim, Jun-Hyung Kim","doi":"10.1007/s40123-026-01437-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-026-01437-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>SmartSight NOVA using the ATOS platform (SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions GmbH, Kleinostheim, Germany) is a refractive lenticule extraction method with CenTrax-assisted centration. We hypothesized that SmartSight NOVA would provide safe, effective, and predictable 3-month outcomes for myopia and myopic astigmatism while maintaining favorable positional stability relative to the preoperative vertex-centered reference and acceptable higher-order aberration profiles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective single-center case series included 84 eyes of 42 patients treated with SmartSight NOVA for myopia and myopic astigmatism. Standard refractive surgery outcome analyses were performed at 1 and 3 months, including visual acuity, manifest refraction, and stability. Higher-order aberrations, chord μ subgroup analyses, and postoperative center-coordinate stability relative to the preoperative position were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No clinically significant intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed during the 3-month follow-up. Preoperative manifest spherical equivalent was -3.70 ± 1.21 D. At 3 months, mean postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.006 ± 0.020 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), and postoperative manifest sphere, cylinder, and spherical equivalent were 0.021 ± 0.311 D, -0.327 ± 0.280 D, and -0.143 ± 0.336 D, respectively. Spherical equivalent was within ± 0.50 diopters (D) in 81.0% of eyes at 1 month and 89.3% at 3 months, and within ± 1.00 D in 100.0% of eyes at both visits. Postoperative refractive astigmatism was ≤ 0.50 D in 86% of eyes and ≤ 1.00 D in 100% of eyes at 3 months. No eyes lost two or more lines of corrected distance visual acuity. Induced higher-order aberrations did not differ significantly among preoperative chord μ groups. Mean displacement magnitude was 0.049 ± 0.028 mm, and 92.9% of eyes were within 0.10 mm of the preoperative position.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SmartSight NOVA showed favorable early clinical outcomes at 3 months, with good visual and refractive performance, low residual astigmatism, limited higher-order aberration induction, and small postoperative displacement relative to the preoperative vertex-centered reference in most eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"2713-2728"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148361811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Six-Month Real-World Data in Macular Edema Due to Retinal Vein Occlusion Treated with Faricimab: Swiss Retina Research Network Report.","authors":"Katharina Heck, Katja Hatz, Marco Cattaneo, Isabel Pfister, Simon Magnin, Ludovico Ruscitti, Isabel Stasik, Anne Tillmann, Marat Shamshiev, Joseph Fang, Andreas Weinberger, Sandrine A Zweifel, Justus G Garweg, Chiara M Eandi, Gabriela Grimaldi, Marion R Munk, Gabor M Somfai, Aude Ambresin, Nicolas Feltgen","doi":"10.1007/s40123-026-01442-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-026-01442-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Faricimab has been shown to be effective for treatment of macular edema (ME) due to retinal vein occlusion (RVO). So far, there is only limited evidence in real-life settings and hard-to-treat cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter, retrospective study evaluated patients with branch or central (including hemi-central) RVO treated with a faricimab treat-and-extend regimen with at least 6 months of follow-up (FU). Data included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), center-point retinal thickness (CRT), central subfield thickness (CST), presence of intra- and subretinal fluid in the 1, 3, and 6 mm Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grid zones, number of injections, and adverse events at baseline and at 1, 3-4, and 6 months of faricimab therapy. Pretreated eyes were additionally evaluated at predefined time points of the pretreatment period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 112 eyes from 111 patients, including 13 treatment-naive and 99 pretreated eyes, were included. BCVA improved in treatment-naïve eyes from 0.46 ± 0.28 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) at baseline to 0.32 ± 0.28 logMAR 6 months later (p = 0.041). BCVA remained stable in pretreated eyes (0.20 ± 0.25 vs. 0.21 ± 0.29 logMAR; p = 0.7). CRT and CST improved in both groups: in treatment-naïve eyes, CRT from 522 to 267 µm (p < 0.001) and CST from 467 to 301 µm (p = 0.032); in pretreated eyes, CRT from 275 to 253 µm (p = 0.009) and CST from 315 to 293 µm (p = 0.001). Significant resolution in retinal fluid was shown in the central 1 mm (p ≤ 0.014), 3 mm (p ≤ 0.013), and 6 mm zones (p ≤ 0.013) of the ETDRS grid in both groups. Over 6 months, treatment-naïve and pretreated eyes received a mean of 5 ± 1 injections. One systemic adverse event and no intraocular inflammation were recorded during FU.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates good real-world efficacy with significant drying and promising safety profile of faricimab in eyes with ME due to RVO, including a high proportion of hard-to-treat cases, over a 6-month period.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"2643-2657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast Progressors in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A 5-Year Visual Field Index-Based Classification in a Real-World Cohort.","authors":"Chengjie Feng, Jing Sun, Tingting Liu, Jingjing Zhao, Xiang Fan, Jing Hong, Lingling Wu","doi":"10.1007/s40123-026-01417-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-026-01417-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of visual field index (VFI) of identifying especially \"fast visual field (VF) progressors\" in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and to analyze the risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fast progression was defined as VFI decline worse than -4.6%/year or mean deviation (MD) worse than -1 decibel (dB)/year. Moderately rapid progression (MRP) was defined using cohort-derived cutoffs (VFI worse than -1.016%/year; MD worse than -0.44 dB/year). Proportions of fast progression and MRP were compared between VFI- and MD-based criteria and across baseline disease stages. Longitudinal VFI change was further analyzed as a continuous outcome using linear mixed-effects models (LMM) with random intercepts and slopes for eyes nested within patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 162 participants (315 eyes) were included; 94 (58.02%) were male and 68 (41.98%) were female. VFI indicated a fast progression rate of 0.92% and MRP rate of 20.63%, whereas MD yielded 2.75% and 23.49%, respectively. The proportion of eyes classified as VFI-defined MRP increased markedly with advancing disease stage (p < 0.001). MD-confirmed MRP showed a concordant stage-dependent trend but did not reach statistical significance. In multivariable analysis, worse baseline MD, thinner central corneal thickness, lower spherical equivalent, and older age were independently associated with a steeper annual VFI decline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this long-term treated POAG cohort, VFI-defined fast progression was rare; however, VFI-based criteria provided statistically significant stage-dependent discrimination of clinically relevant progression. The results support incorporating longitudinal VFI modeling into routine-care datasets to better identify eyes at higher risk of meaningful functional loss over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"2627-2641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre and Ganglion Cell Layer Changes Following Intravitreal Aflibercept 8 mg Therapy in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Longitudinal OCT Study.","authors":"Giulio Volpe, Matteo Bonanata, Arianna Peyla, Ludovico Ruscitti, Veronika Eggarter, Martina Pache, Arianna Paris, Moreno Menghini, Gabriela Grimaldi","doi":"10.1007/s40123-026-01431-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-026-01431-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy is the standard of care for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and other retinal vascular diseases. However, transient post-injection intraocular pressure elevations have raised concerns regarding potential cumulative effects on inner retinal structures, including the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIP). As longitudinal evidence on the neuro-retinal structural safety of higher-dose formulations such as aflibercept 8 mg remains limited, this study evaluated 12-month changes in pRNFL and mGCIP thickness following intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-centre, observational longitudinal cohort study included patients with nAMD treated with intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg or aflibercept 2 mg. Patients receiving aflibercept 8 mg were prospectively enrolled, while patients treated with 2 mg aflibercept were retrospectively identified. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was used to assess pRNFL and mGCIP thickness at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 months. Longitudinal within-eye changes relative to baseline were analysed, alongside inter-eye comparisons with fellow untreated eyes and between-treatment group comparisons at 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-eight eyes from 35 patients were included. In eyes treated with aflibercept 8 mg, mGCIP thickness remained stable throughout follow-up, with no significant changes at 3, 6 or 12 months compared with baseline. At 12 months, mGCIP thickness was comparable between aflibercept 8 mg-treated eyes and fellow untreated eyes, as well as between aflibercept 8 mg and aflibercept 2 mg-treated eyes. Similarly, pRNFL thickness showed no significant global or sectoral changes over 12 months and did not differ between treatment groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over 12 months of follow-up, intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg was not associated with significant thinning of pRNFL or mGCIP thickness, supporting its neuro-retinal structural safety in routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"2659-2668"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148308913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal Vascular Features and Risk of Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study.","authors":"Wenli Zhang, Lei Liu, Min-Er Zhong, Cong Li, Yun Ren, Zhenchao Du, Yan Wang, Jingyan Peng, Ying Yao, Xue He, Heng Li, Zhishen Peng, Tengda Huang, Yong Li, Honghua Yu, Danli Shi, Xiaohong Yang","doi":"10.1007/s40123-026-01418-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-026-01418-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening remains limited by invasiveness and suboptimal sensitivity of current methods. Retinal microvasculature, a noninvasive window into systemic vascular health, may reflect CRC-associated angiogenesis and inflammation. We investigated whether artificial intelligence (AI)-derived retinal vascular features (RVFs) are associated with CRC risk and prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analysis included UK Biobank participants with baseline fundus imaging. Multidimensional RVFs, including tortuosity, branching angle, caliber, density, and complexity, were quantified using the Retina-based Microvascular Health Assessment System (RMHAS). Associations of RVFs with incident CRC and mortality among patients with CRC were evaluated using univariable and multivariable Cox regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 55,798 participants (mean age 55.47 ± 8.09 years; 55.07% female), over a median follow-up of 11.32 years, 652 incident CRC cases (including 488 colon cancers and 260 rectal cancers) and 171 post-CRC deaths were documented. After full adjustment, four RVFs showed significant associations with CRC risk: increased arterial tortuosity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.06), wider venular minimum branching angle (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.17), smaller arterial maximum branching coefficient (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.99), and reduced venular angular asymmetry (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82-0.96). For mortality, higher venular tortuosity (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00-1.31) and increased arterial maximum length diameter ratio (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.01-1.32) were associated with elevated risk, whereas venular caliber (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67-0.98) and venular length diameter ratio (HR 0.82-0.84) were inversely associated with mortality. Distinct RVF patterns were observed between colon and rectal cancers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Specific AI-derived RVFs were independently associated with CRC risk, its subtypes, and mortality. These findings suggest that retinal microvascular changes may reflect systemic processes related to carcinogenesis and point to the potential of retinal imaging as a noninvasive tool for CRC risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"2695-2711"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148361795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravitreal Faricimab for Retinal Vein Occlusion: Real-World Outcomes from the Multicenter FARTURK-RVO Study in Türkiye.","authors":"Fevzi Akkan, Ebru Görgün, Burak Erden, Yavuz Kamil Bardak, Nigar Şerif, Mahmut Öztürk, Erkan Çelik, Selim Bölükbaşı, Şefik Can İpek, Tahsin Uzundede, Gamze Karataş, Murat Karapapak, Ece Özal, Osman Murat Uyar, Doğukan Cömerter, Mehmet Numan Alp, Serhat Ermiş, Anıl Korkmaz, Murat Arıcı, Mehmet Egemen Karataş, Nursal Melda Yenerel, Halil Özgür Artunay, Ecem Önder-Tokuç, Veysel Levent Karabaş, Melih Ünal, Ziya Kapran, Hakan Özdemir, Akın Çakır","doi":"10.1007/s40123-026-01436-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-026-01436-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the real-world efficacy and safety of intravitreal faricimab for macular edema (ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) across a multicenter cohort with up to 52 weeks of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 17 centers across Türkiye were retrospectively analyzed between 22 November 2024 and 1 March 2026. Patients with branch RVO (BRVO) or central RVO (CRVO) complicated by ME who received at least one intravitreal faricimab injection and had complete ophthalmic and optical coherence tomography (OCT) data with a minimum 4-week follow-up were included. Demographics, diagnosis, prior treatments, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA; decimal converted to logMAR), central macular thickness (CMT), intraocular pressure (IOP), injection number, follow-up duration, and ocular/systemic adverse events were recorded at baseline, day 7, monthly after each of the first three injections, and at the final visit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 70 patients (37 BRVO [52.9%], 33 CRVO [47.1%]) were included, with a mean follow-up of 23.69 ± 8.54 weeks; 44 (62.8%) were treatment-naïve and 26 (37.2%) were switch patients. When comparing baseline and final visits, treatment-naïve patients showed a mean CMT reduction of 306.9 ± 231.3 µm (from 594.1 ± 206.9 µm at baseline to 287.2 ± 89.9 µm at final visit; p < 0.001), while switch patients demonstrated a mean CMT reduction of 290.6 ± 114.3 µm (from 562.1 ± 107.3 to 271.5 ± 90.7 µm; p < 0.001). The mean logMAR BCVA gain was 0.77 (p < 0.001) in naïve and 0.38 (p < 0.001) in switch patients. IOP remained stable throughout, and no serious ocular or systemic adverse events were recorded.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Faricimab demonstrated rapid anatomical and functional improvements in the RVO cohort, evident as early as day 7 after the initial injection. These findings support faricimab as a potent and reliable therapeutic option across both RVO subtypes in routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"2607-2625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary of Research: Aflibercept 8 mg versus Faricimab Treat‑and‑Extend for Diabetic Macular Edema or Neovascular Age‑Related Macular Degeneration: A Bayesian Fixed‑Effect Network Meta‑analysis of Clinical Trials.","authors":"Scott M Friedman, Yingxin Xu, Steven Sherman, Andreas Kuznik, Ali Mojebi, Sam Keeping, Keith Chan, Theodore Leng, Nimesh A Patel","doi":"10.1007/s40123-026-01434-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-026-01434-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a summary of the original research article \"Aflibercept 8 mg versus Faricimab Treat‑and‑Extend for Diabetic Macular Edema or Neovascular Age‑Related Macular Degeneration: A Bayesian Fixed‑Effect Network Meta‑analysis of Clinical Trials.\" Diabetic macular edema (DME) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) are eye diseases that can be treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies. As these therapies are given by injections into the eye, reducing the number of injections could reduce the treatment burden on patients and healthcare providers. Aflibercept 8 mg and faricimab treat-and-extend (T&E) may enable longer dosing intervals compared with other available anti-VEGF therapies for patients with DME and nAMD; however, they have not been compared against each other directly in clinical trials. This study used a statistical method called a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare aflibercept 8 mg and faricimab T&E by synthesizing data from clinical trials, enabling an indirect comparison in the absence of head-to-head studies. Outcomes included the mean number of injections, changes in vision [best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA)] and changes in macula thickness [central subfield thickness (CST)]. CST should reduce if the treatment is working. On the basis of indirect comparison of available clinical trial data, this exploratory study found that there were significantly fewer injections with aflibercept 8 mg treatment compared with faricimab T&E over 2 years, for both patients with DME and nAMD, and there were no significant differences between the two medications for BCVA or CST changes. NMAs are based on indirect comparisons and therefore have limitations, and clinical trials or real-world studies would be required to confirm these conclusions. Please refer to the original article for further details on the methods and limitations of this analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"2515-2518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Effects of Phacoemulsification with Goniosynechialysis in Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A 2-Year Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Feng Gao, Jiajian Wang, Xiangmei Kong, Li Wang, Shaohong Qian, Xinghuai Sun, Yuhong Chen","doi":"10.1007/s40123-026-01426-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-026-01426-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare long-term effect of phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis (Phaco-GSL) in patients with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APACG) and those with chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma (CPACG), and to evaluate the influencing factors of the surgical prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective cohort study, patients with APACG or CPACG who underwent Phaco-GSL at the glaucoma clinics of Eye and ear, nose, and throat (ENT) Hospital were recruited consecutively from January 2019 to December 2022. Standardized 2-year follow-ups assessed baseline characteristics and surgical outcomes. The cumulative success rates and influencing factors of surgical prognosis were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 213 patients were enrolled, including 116 patients (116 eyes) with APACG and 97 patients (97 eyes) with CPACG. The average age was 64.5 ± 7.2 years and 153 (71.8%) patients were women. The complete success rates at 2 years were 72.4% in the acute group and 65.0% in the chronic group (P = 0.04). The qualified success rates at 2 years were 81.9% in the acute group and 81.4% in the chronic group (P = 0.44). Baseline mean deviation, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and glaucoma type were identified as independent predictors of surgical outcomes in the overall cohort. In subgroup analyses, a longer duration of elevated intraocular pressure showed a trend toward poorer surgical prognosis in acute PACG, whereas shallower ACD was associated with poorer outcomes in chronic PACG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Phaco-GSL demonstrated significant benefits for both APACG and CPACG, with more pronounced effects for APACG. Identifying patients with prognostic factors preoperatively provides valuable insights for better assessing the outcomes of GSL surgery in PACG.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"2587-2605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}