Ophthalmology and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Trachoma: Cross-Country Inequalities, 1990-2021, with Projections to 2040.","authors":"Yang Meng, Furong Li, Shun Zeng, Chaoqun Liang, Wei Chi","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01102-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01102-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In this work, we aim to evaluate the trends and cross-country inequalities of the global trachoma burden from 1990 to 2021 and to project its burden to 2040.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study (GBD) 2021. Estimates for the prevalence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of trachoma were extracted from the GBD 2021 database. Epidemiological characteristics of trachoma were reported at the global, regional, and national levels. Trend analysis, decomposition analysis, and health inequality analysis were used. The global trachoma burden was further projected to 2040 via Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, 1,414,047 people were estimated to have trachoma in 2021, with an age-standardized prevalence rate of 16.37 per 100,000 population. Between 1990 and 2021, the prevalent cases and DALY numbers of trachoma decreased by 30.2% and 34.4%, respectively. In 2021, Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa was the region, and Ethiopia was the country with the highest number of trachoma cases. Decomposition analysis revealed that the reduction in the global burden was attributed primarily to epidemiological changes. From 1990 to 2021, countries with lower sociodemographic indices (SDIs) disproportionately bore the heaviest burden. While the prevalence and DALY rates are projected to decrease from 2022 to 2040, the prevalent cases and DALY numbers are expected to increase.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over the past three decades, the global burden of trachoma has decreased significantly, but SDI-related inequalities among countries have persisted. Despite reductions in the prevalence rate, the number of patients with trachoma is projected to increase from 2022 to 2040. Our study provides valuable insights into the elimination of trachoma worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1065-1079"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143736107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Crosslinking on Astigmatism Vector in Keratoconus: A Vector Analysis.","authors":"Susanne Marx-Gross, Anne J Winter, Daniel Wollschlaeger, Paul-Rolf Preussner","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01121-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01121-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Corneal cross linking (CXL) is an appropriate method to treat progressive keratoconus in order to stop progression. Generally, the change in the maximum corneal power (Kmax), corneal thickness, and total astigmatism are assessed for progression analysis. The aim of this study is to answer the question of whether corneal astigmatism is suitable for quantifying keratoconus progression or demonstrating stability. To improve accuracy, we analyze astigmatism as a vector parameter in CXL follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective observational study analyzing a total of 74 eyes diagnosed with progressive keratoconus that received CXL treatment and had a follow-up period of at least 12 months, and in some cases, up to 5 years. In the Scheimpflug imaging examination (Pentacam^®), the focus was on the change of Kmax in diopter (D), astigmatism of the corneal front, and its vector parameter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperatively, we observed an increase in Kmax difference (KmaxD) (median +1.9 D ± standard deviation, SD 2.2) and astigmatism vector difference (AVD) (median +0.7 D ± SD 1.6) with a positive correlation, which establishes a treatment indication. The follow-up showed a stabilization of KmaxD and AVD after 12 months (median KmaxD -0.7 D, AVD -0.4), and over the periods of 3 and 5 years, a further stabilization of the curvature parameters with a lower number of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with an analysis of an absolute value only, the vector analysis of astigmatism allows a much more precise description of astigmatism in order to verify the effectiveness of CXL. Both astigmatism vector and Kmax preoperatively increased and stabilized potstoperatively. Astigmatism presumably has a significant effect on the quality of vision and should therefore also be used as an additional stability factor beside Kmax.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1081-1096"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Multiwavelength Photobiomodulation Effective and Safe for Age-Related Macular Degeneration? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Kai-Yang Chen, Hung Kuan Lee, Hoi-Chun Chan, Chi-Ming Chan","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01119-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01119-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis compares the complications and effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy with sham treatment in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is a leading cause of visual impairment in older adults, with current treatments primarily focusing on symptom management. PBM therapy is emerging as a potential intervention to improve clinical and anatomical outcomes in patients with AMD, necessitating a comparative analysis with sham treatment to determine its efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted across PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library from inception to January 13, 2025. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) meeting predefined inclusion criteria were selected. Meta-analysis employed random-effects models. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using Cochrane tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of six studies, comprising 360 patients and 477 eyes, focused on PBM for dry AMD. Five studies were eligible for meta-analysis. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) showed no significant improvement with PBM (SMD - 0.30, 95% CI - 0.85 to 0.26, p = 0.30), with high heterogeneity (I² = 83%). Macular drusen volume also showed no significant change (SMD - 0.08, 95% CI - 0.52 to 0.37, p = 0.74), with moderate heterogeneity (I² = 48%). A single study reported no significant effect on geographic atrophy (SMD - 0.28, 95% CI - 1.26 to 0.71, p = 0.58). Central subfield thickness (SMD 0.11, 95% CI - 0.25 to 0.47, p = 0.58) and microperimetry (SMD - 0.02, 95% CI - 0.48 to 0.44, p = 0.94) also showed no significant changes. The adverse events analysis indicated a statistically significant increase in adverse events in the sham group within 6 months (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29-0.82, p = 0.007), while the overall effect on adverse events was non-significant (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.51-2.12, p = 0.91, I² = 78%). Qualitative analysis suggested that PBM might enhance quality of life and clinical and anatomical outcomes compared to sham treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis suggests that, to date, there are no significant clinical benefits of PBM therapy for patients with AMD. Further long-term studies are needed to establish its clinical relevance and safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"969-987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Socioeconomic Burden of Retinal Diseases: Can Biosimilars Add Value? A Narrative Review.","authors":"Seenu M Hariprasad, Frank G Holz, Carl V Asche, Amine Issa, Oriol Mora, Simon Keady, Mourad F Rezk, Phil Sarocco, Steven Simoens","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01104-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01104-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal diseases, such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal vein occlusion, pose a significant global burden on individuals, families, and healthcare systems. Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy has become the standard treatment for retinal diseases, improving clinical outcomes, while delaying disease progression. Although effective, biologics are associated with high costs, which can lead to underutilisation and, consequently, suboptimal patient treatment outcomes, further contributing to healthcare costs. Additionally, the expansion in the elderly population is predicted to significantly increase costs and burden on healthcare systems due to retinal diseases, requiring effective strategies and the utilisation of emerging technologies that are crucial public health priorities for tackling global vision impairment. Recently, anti-VEGF biosimilars have been approved and are expected to provide a cost-effective alternative, while providing equivalent efficacy and comparable safety, immunogenicity, and pharmacokinetic profiles as the reference product. The entry of biosimilars holds the promise of meeting some of these unmet needs, giving physicians and patients access to sustainable treatments that can provide cost-effective therapy, enabling savings to be reinvested into healthcare facilities. This article aims to review the impact of retinal diseases on clinical, social, and financial aspects of patient care, emphasising the potential value of biosimilars in ophthalmology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"621-641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between Relative Peripheral Refraction and Efficacy of Myopia Control After Wearing Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses in Children.","authors":"Mengyao Xu, Yuxin Yang, Fengju Zhang, Yushan Xu, Yuyan Huang, Linlu Zhang, Jie Wen","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01096-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01096-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigated the relationship between relative peripheral refraction (RPR), retinal choroidal vessel, and the growth rate of axial length (AL) in children with myopia wearing multifocal soft contact lenses (MiSight CLs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four eyes of 44 children with myopia wearing MiSight CLs were included in the study. RPRs and retinal choroidal vessel were measured at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year using multispectral refraction topography (MRT) and optical coherence tomography angiograghy (OCTA). MRT presented RPR at different fields of view and OCTA presented retinal choroidal vessel characteristics centered on the macula. The correlation between the changes of RPR (ΔRPRs) and the growth rate of AL was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The baseline AL, spherical equivalent, age, and average growth rate of AL of children are 24.76 ± 0.95 mm,  - 3.22 ± 1.77 D, 11.25 ± 2.42 years, and 0.22 ± 0.17 mm/year. At 3 months, TRPR (RPR of the circular visual field of 53° centered on macular fovea) (p = 0.0007), RPR-15 (p = 0.0042), RPR-30 (p = 0.0012), RPR-45 (p = 0.0031), and RPR-I (p = 0.0082) of children with myopia wearing MiSight CLs were significantly lower than baseline. The ΔRPR was negatively correlated with the growth rate of AL (ΔTRPR, r = - 0.43, p = 0.003; ΔRPR-45, r = - 0.43, p = 0.004; ΔRPR-I, r = - 0.35, p = 0.02; ΔRPR-N, r = - 0.32, p = 0.04). At 1 year, there was a significant difference in the retina vessel volume index compared to baseline (p = 0.0002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RPR showed significant changes at 3 months after wearing multifocal soft contact lenses, but noticeable changes in retinal vessel volume index occurred only at 1 year. MRT demonstrates a higher efficacy in the early detection of the effectiveness of myopia control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"755-771"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Effects of Perfluorohexyloctane Ophthalmic Solution on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Dry Eye Disease: A Prospective, Open-Label, Multicenter Study.","authors":"Jason Bacharach, Shane R Kannarr, Anthony Verachtert, Preeya K Gupta, Moataz Razeen, Megan E Cavet, Jason L Vittitow, Jacob Lang, Thomas M Chester, Jillian F Ziemanski, Darrell E White","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01097-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01097-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Perfluorohexyloctane ophthalmic solution (PFHO) is indicated for the treatment of signs and symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) and targets excessive tear evaporation. This study evaluated patient-reported outcomes early in treatment with PFHO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, multicenter, open-label, phase 4 study enrolled adults with a history of DED for ≥ 6 months. PFHO was instilled in both eyes four times daily for 14 days. Patients completed early outcome surveys during four clinic visits (day 1 [pretreatment; 5 and 60 min post-PFHO instillation] and days 3, 7, and 14). Symptom severity, symptom frequency, and treatment satisfaction were rated on visual analog scales (range 0-100). The primary endpoint was mean change from baseline in overall DED symptom severity at day 7. Secondary endpoints included change in severity of individual DED symptoms (eye dryness, blurred vision, eye irritation, light sensitivity, eye tiredness, burning/stinging, eye itching, eye pain); change in frequency (measured as percentage of time experienced) of the most bothersome symptom, awareness of dry eye symptoms, and fluctuation in quality of vision; and treatment satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-nine patients enrolled (85.9% female; age range 35-81 years). The primary endpoint was met: mean (SD) overall symptom severity decreased significantly from 72.1 (17.0) at baseline to 27.8 (22.3) at day 7 (mean change, - 44.5; P < 0.0001). Mean (SD) percentage of time experiencing the most bothersome symptom decreased from 77.9% at baseline to 34.7% at day 14 (P < 0.0001). Significant reductions in severity and frequency also were observed for all symptoms at all postbaseline assessments (P < 0.0001). Median ratings of treatment satisfaction were 83.0 at day 3, 86.0 at day 7, and 90.0 at day 14.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early in the course of treatment with PFHO, patients with DED experienced significant reductions in dry eye symptom frequency and severity. Treatment satisfaction with PFHO was high.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT06309953.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"693-704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance and Safety of a Sodium Hyaluronate, Xanthan Gum, and Osmoprotectants Ophthalmic Solution in the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: An Observational Clinical Investigation.","authors":"Mercedes Molero Senosiaín, Barbara Burgos-Blasco, Pilar Perez-García, Álvaro Sánchez-Ventosa, Marta Villalba-González, María Dolores López Pérez, José Carlos Díaz, Vanesa Díaz-Mesa, Alberto Villarrubia Cuadrado, Enrique Artiaga Elordi, Jose Manuel Larrosa Poves, Alejandro Blasco, Antonio Mateo, Claudine Civiale, Laura Bonino, Antonio Cano-Ortiz","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01099-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01099-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dry eye disease (DED) is characterized by an imbalance in the tear film, resulting in symptoms such as dryness, redness, and discomfort. The management of DED involves tear supplements, medications, or surgery in severe cases. To evaluate the clinical performance and safety of a hypotonic ophthalmic solution containing sodium hyaluronate 0.2%, xanthan gum 0.2%, and osmoprotectants (glycine and betaine) for treating DED.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter, prospective, observational clinical investigation included 35 subjects treated with one drop of the ophthalmic solution four times daily. Evaluations were conducted at baseline, on day 14, and at 1 and 3 months. The investigation assessed corneal and conjunctival fluorescein staining (NEI score), hyperemia index (Keratograph®), fluorescein tear film break-up time (TFBUT), best-corrected visual acuity, dry eye symptoms (SANDE), and quality of life (DEQS). Safety was monitored through adverse events, intraocular pressure measurements, and the Investigator Global Assessment of Safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects were predominantly female (93.9%), with an average age of 59.9 ± 13.8 years. The ophthalmic solution significantly reduced keratitis lesions with global NEI score decreasing from baseline at 1 month (- 6.67 ± 4.6, p = 0.001) and 3 months (- 7.61 ± 4.0 points; p = 0.001). Conjunctival hyperemia improved significantly after 1 month (- 0.34 ± 0.7 points; p = 0.027), while fluorescein tear film stability increased significantly at 1 (1.85 ± 3.1 s; p = 0.002) and 3 months (1.98 ± 3.4 s; p = 0.001). Symptoms also improved significantly (p = 0.001) at 1 and 3 months (- 29.37 ± 22.2 points and - 26.41 ± 24.0 points, respectively), as did quality of life (- 20.81 ± 15.6 points at 1 month and - 18.43 ± 19.3 points at 3 months; p = 0.001 for both). The safety profile was very good, with no adverse events (only mild ocular discomfort reported in 14.3% of subjects).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ophthalmic solution effectively improved DED symptoms and signs, enhancing patients' quality of life while maintaining a good safety profile.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT05778942.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"675-692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143472762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Sticks for Routine Ophthalmic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Monocentric Trial.","authors":"Isaak Fischinger, Manfred Tetz, Angela Odame, Heidi Kulas, Martin Abel","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01107-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01107-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ocular sticks are used to absorb fluids during ophthalmic surgeries. Hence, this prospective study was conducted to evaluate the clinical performance, safety, and usability of Pro-optha^® Ocular Sticks in comparison to an alternative device under the conditions of routine ophthalmic surgeries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients requiring eye surgery were randomly allocated into two equal groups, with the investigational device, Pro-ophta^® Ocular Sticks, as the intervention group (IG) and the alternative stick as the comparator group (CG). Two types of surgery were performed. The study is also registered on the German Clinical Trials Register with ID DRKS00025690.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>106 patients were included in the analyses. In both treatment groups, the investigator's/surgeon's general user satisfaction was rated as either \"good\" or \"very good.\" The non-inferiority hypothesis that the Pro-ophta^® Ocular Stick is not rated worse in satisfaction than the alternative device was confirmed with statistical significance (p = 0.0005). At least 98.12% were rated as \"good\" and \"very good\" in both treatment groups for the additional endpoints. Pro-ophta^® Ocular Stick was rated better for almost all the additional endpoints and within the surgery subgroups. The mean number of sticks and surgery duration were 3.5 ± 2.74 and 11.5 (± 8.88) min, respectively, with a positive correlation (r = 0.580) for the Pro-ophta^® Ocular Stick and 3.9 ± 2.45 and 9.5 (± 5.90) min, respectively, with a positive correlation (r = 0.025) for the alternative device. No device-related adverse events occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Effective ocular sticks play an instrumental role in the outcome of ophthalmic surgeries. The investigational device demonstrated efficiency, yielding good surgical results, usability, and an exceptionally good safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"659-673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Advances in AI-Assisted Analysis of Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA) Images: From Detection to Report Generation.","authors":"Tao Yu, An Shao, Hongkang Wu, Zichang Su, Wenyue Shen, Jingxin Zhou, Xingxi Lin, Danli Shi, Andrzej Grzybowski, Jian Wu, Kai Jin","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01109-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01109-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) serves as the current gold standard for visualizing retinal vasculature and detecting various fundus diseases, but its interpretation is labor-intensive and requires much expertise from ophthalmologists. The medical application of artificial intelligence (AI), especially deep learning and machine learning, has revolutionized the field of automatic FFA image analysis, leading to the rapid advancements in AI-assisted lesion detection, diagnosis, and report generation. This review examined studies in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases from January 2019 to August 2024, with a total of 23 articles incorporated. By integrating current research findings, this review highlights crucial breakthroughs in AI-assisted FFA analysis and explores their potential implications for ophthalmic clinical practice. These advances in AI-assisted FFA analysis have shown promising results in improving diagnostic accuracy and workflow efficiency. However, further research is needed to enhance model transparency and ensure robust performance across diverse populations. Challenges such as data privacy and technical infrastructure remain for broader clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"599-619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Disease Activity Criteria on Extending Injection Intervals in Real-World Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.","authors":"Bhairavi Bhatia, Sing Yue Sim, Evangelia Chalkiadaki, Georgios Koutsocheras, Luke Nicholson, Senthil Selvam, Sobha Sivaprasad, Bishwanath Pal, Josef Huemer, Pearse A Keane, Robin Hamilton, Praveen J Patel","doi":"10.1007/s40123-025-01108-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-025-01108-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In clinical practice, intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injection intervals for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) are based on disease activity, with active or recurrent disease requiring more frequent injections. Injection interval modification criteria differ from those used in clinical trials, thereby potentially affecting treatment outcomes. This analysis evaluated the potential impact of applying disease activity criteria from recent clinical trials (TENAYA/LUCERNE; HAWK/HARRIER; PULSAR) on the decision to extend injection intervals in real-world patients commenced on faricimab after the loading phase of treatment and at 12 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were analysed from 105 treatment-naïve patients with nAMD who received anti-VEGF injections at Moorfields Eye Hospital. Disease activity criteria from TENAYA/LUCERNE, HAWK/HARRIER and PULSAR clinical trials were applied to determine the hypothetical impact on the decision to modify injection intervals at week 12 (fourth injection) and 12-month real-world clinic visits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 12 weeks, 79% of patients had injection intervals extended in clinical practice compared to 80% when applying hypothetical TENAYA/LUCERNE disease activity criteria; 77% using HAWK/HARRIER and 96% using PULSAR. There was agreement between clinical practice and all clinical trials in 60% of eyes, and no agreement in 13%. At 12 months, fewer patients were inactive, with 55% of eyes quiescent in clinical practice, 58% when applying TENAYA/LUCERNE criteria and 67% using HAWK/HARRIER. Application of PULSAR disease activity criteria showed 96% of patients were classed as inactive. 34% of eyes showed agreement in disease activity status between clinical practice and all clinical trials at 12 months, with no agreement in 20%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Applying disease activity criteria from clinical trials to clinical practice can have a significant impact on hypothetical anti-VEGF injection intervals. Consideration should be paid to which criteria are used in real-world practice to help achieve treatment burden reductions and optimal treatment outcomes seen in clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"773-786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}