Ophthalmology and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"The Relevance and Potential Role of Orbital Fat in Inflammatory Orbital Diseases: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment.","authors":"Prince Dadson, Peter Ngum, Luis Eduardo Juarez-Orozco, Michael Ntodie, Piotr Loba","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01079-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01079-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The orbit is an important structure within the skull that houses the eye, optic nerve, and extraocular muscles. It also contains adipose/fat tissue, which provides a protective cushion for these components. Inflammatory orbital disease can affect any or all components of the orbit, often arising from various underlying pathologic conditions, including autoimmune, infectious, and vascular diseases. Typical signs and symptoms of orbital inflammation include swelling, redness, pain, discomfort, and potential loss of function. The role of orbital fat in the pathogenesis of inflammatory orbital diseases has not been fully explored. This review aims to provide a comprehensive description of orbital fat, its relevance and the potential role in inflammatory diseases of the orbit, and the use of radiologic imaging studies for evaluating this fat depot in cases of as inflammatory orbital diseases. Additionally, this review discusses the various procedures available for the treatment and management of these conditions. A range of interventions, including pharmacotherapy and surgical procedures, will be evaluated as promising therapeutic options. This review also explores the characteristics and potential applications of orbital fat-derived stem cells, with an emphasis on their regenerative abilities and anti-inflammatory effects. Understanding the role of orbital fat and its contribution to inflammatory orbital diseases is essential for optimizing diagnostic and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"247-281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Characteristics, Diagnoses, and Management in a Combined Uveitis-Rheumatology Clinic.","authors":"Jason Shawver, Amit K Reddy, Alan G Palestine, Jason R Kolfenbach","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01090-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01090-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Combined uveitis-rheumatology clinics (combined clinics) are a relatively recent clinical care model. Here we report the demographics, ocular and systemic disease characteristics, and medications utilized in patients seen in a combined clinic at a tertiary care hospital in the USA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records were reviewed of patients seen at the Combined Clinic at the University of Colorado Hospital between January 1, 2016 and November 1, 2023. Data including age, sex, referral indication, ocular and systemic inflammatory disease diagnosis, and therapies utilized were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 171 patients were included in the study, of which 122 were diagnosed with a systemic inflammatory disease, the most common of which were spondyloarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Nearly half of patients referred to the combined clinic with a known ocular inflammatory disease (OID) and suspicion for a systemic process were eventually diagnosed with a systemic disease. The most common associations in patients with both OID and systemic disease were anterior uveitis with spondyloarthritis, and scleritis with rheumatoid arthritis. The most common systemic immunomodulatory therapies (IMT) used were adalimumab, methotrexate, and rituximab. Over 40% of patients underwent a change in IMT during their first evaluation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most patients seen in the combined clinic had both ocular and systemic inflammatory disease and were treated with IMT. Many patients were diagnosed with a systemic inflammatory disease upon evaluation in the combined clinic, and nearly half were recommended to initiate or change IMT at their first visit. This highlights the utility of a combined clinic in the management of these complex patients, in addition to providing logistical benefits to patients and educational opportunities for trainees.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"461-469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors and Characteristics Associated with Visual Impairment and Eye Diseases in Moyamoya Disease: Insights from a National Database.","authors":"Youyi Song, Xin Yang, Hongzhu Yang, Hongyun Mei, Xuedan Lu, Hao Xie, Qinfeng Yang, Wenbin Duan","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01052-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01052-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to investigate the incidence and risk factors of visual impairment and eye diseases in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD), a rare cerebrovascular disorder. Understanding these associations is crucial for improving patient management and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes from both the 9th edition (ICD-9-CM) and 10th edition (ICD-10-CM) to define diagnoses, complications, and procedures within the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database. Data elements were extracted from discharge summaries. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software version 25. Chi-square tests were employed for univariate analysis to assess the relationships between visual impairment, eye diseases, and MMD. Subsequently, multivariate logistic regression was utilized to calculate odds ratios (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) over a 10-year period to further investigate these relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of visual impairment and eye diseases in MMD was 3.7%. Visual impairment and eye diseases in MMD were associated with Asian or Pacific Islander race (OR = 1.538, 95% CI 1.058-2.237), self-pay insurance (OR = 1.796, 95% CI 1.503-3.061), and hospitalization in the Midwest or North Central region (OR = 1.466, 95% CI 1.035-2.076). Visual impairment and eye diseases in moyamoya disease were associated with ischemic stroke (OR = 2.001, 95% CI 1.564-2.560), hypertension (OR = 1.508, 95% CI 1.089-2.088), headache (OR = 2.834, 95% CI 1.968-4.081), migraine (OR = 2.156, 95% CI 1.544-3.011), memory loss (OR = 3.866, 95% CI 1.493-10.012), and dizziness (OR = 1.322, 95% CI 0.549-3.182).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analysis of a large, population-based sample in the US reveals a notable association between MMD and the presence of visual impairment and eye diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"183-196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pooled Multicenter Safety Analysis of Lupin's Intravitreal Biosimilar Ranibizumab (Ranieyes) in Chorioretinal Vascular Diseases.","authors":"Debdulal Chakraborty, Tushar Kanti Sinha, Sourav Sinha, Aniruddha Maiti, Angshuman Mukherjee, Krishnendu Nandi, Sudipta Das, Saptorshi Majumdar, Dinesh Rungta, Ranabir Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01065-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01065-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the ocular and systemic safety profiles of intravitreal biosimilar ranibizumab Ranieyes (Lupin Pharmaceuticals, Mumbai, India) in real-world clinical settings across multiple chorioretinal vascular diseases, including neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, consecutive, interventional, uncontrolled multicenter study using data from three hospital networks in India. A total of 1401 eyes received 2194 injections of Ranieyes between June 2022 and November 2023. Patients were followed for a minimum of 6 months, and data on ocular and systemic adverse events (AEs) were collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population included 636 male patients and 533 female patients, with a mean age of 58.63 ± 11.54 years. The average number of injections per eye was 1.49 ± 0.23, with the highest frequency in the nAMD group (mean of 2.3 ± 0.23 injections per eye) over 6 months. Non-serious adverse events (nsAEs) were observed in 26.83% of injections, with mild ocular pain and transient blurring of vision being the most common. Serious ocular adverse events were rare, occurring in 0.85% of eyes, with retinal pigment epithelial tear (RPE TEAR) being the most frequent. Systemic adverse events were noted in 5.03% of patients, and all but one were non-serious. One patient developed non-fatal myocardial infarction, the causal relationship of which, however, was not established with the intravitreal agent used. No cases of endophthalmitis were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This large-scale, real-world study demonstrates that Ranieyes is a safe intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agent across various chorioretinal vascular diseases. The safety profile of Ranieyes is consistent with that of the reference product, making it a viable option in resource-constrained settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"129-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile Apps and Visual Function Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of the Latest Advancements.","authors":"Caius Goh, Marilyn Puah, Zhi Hong Toh, Joewee Boon, Debbie Boey, Ryan Tay, Ashita A Sule, Renee Liu, Xing-Er Ong, Aditya Kalra, Satvik Gupta, Andres Rousselot, William Rojas-Carabali, Bryan Ang, Rupesh Agrawal","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01071-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01071-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With technological advancements and the growing prevalence of smartphones, ophthalmology has opportunely harnessed medical technology for visual function assessment as a home monitoring tool for patients. Ophthalmology applications that offer these have likewise become more readily available in recent years, which may be used for early detection and monitoring of eye conditions. To date, no review has been done to evaluate and compare the utility of these apps. This review provides an updated overview of visual functions assessment using mobile applications available on the Apple App and Google Play Stores, enabling eye care professionals to make informed selections of their use in ophthalmology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed 160 visual function applications available on Apple iTunes and the Google Play Stores. The parameters surveyed included types of visual function tests, the involvement of healthcare professionals in their development, cost, and download count.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Visual tests, including visual acuity and color vision tests, were most common among apps surveyed, and they were comparable to traditional clinical methods. Certain applications were more widely used, some of which have had studies conducted to assess the reliability of test results. Limitations of these apps include the absence of healthcare professionals' involvement in their development, the lack of approval by regulatory authorities and minimal cloud-based features to communicate results to healthcare professionals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence and easy access of visual function testing applications present opportunities to enhance teleophthalmology through early detection and monitoring of eye conditions. Future development to enhance the quality of the apps should involve regulatory bodies and medical professionals, followed up by research using larger samples with longer follow-up studies to review the reliability and validity of ophthalmology applications. This would potentially enable these applications to be incorporated into the comprehensive assessment and follow-up care of patients' eye health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"23-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ablation Depth-Dependent Survival Analysis of Phototherapeutic Keratectomy for Recurrent Corneal Erosion Syndrome.","authors":"Kunal A Gadhvi, Georgios Vakros, Alfredo Borgia, Kirithika Muthusamy, Laura de Benito-Llopis, Alexander C Day, Daniel M Gore","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01070-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01070-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) is a treatment for recurrent corneal erosion syndrome (RCES). The aim of this study was to investigate whether deeper ablations yielded greater success rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective case notes review with prospective patient-reported outcome measures for all patients who had undergone PTK for RCES at a single tertiary referral unit. Patients received treatment with the Schwind Amaris^® 750 s excimer laser. The primary outcome measure was recurrence-free survival of patients with ablation depth ≥ 15 µm compared to < 15 µm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy eyes of 63 patients were included for analysis, of whom 39 (56%) had preceding trauma and 20 (29%) had epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD), with the remaining 11 (15%) of unknown aetiology. Twenty eyes (29%) received an ablation ≥ 15 µm (mean ablation depth 16.85 ± 3.4 µm) and 50 (71%) received < 15 µm (mean ablation depth 9.26 ± 1.5 µm). Overall, 65 eyes (93%) reported a subjective improvement in symptoms, with 46 (66%) remaining completely symptom free at the last follow-up [mean follow-up 24 (range, 9-48) months]. Eighty-five per cent of eyes in the ≥ 15 µm group remained symptom free compared to 58% of those with < 15 µm (p = 0.036).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PTK is an effective treatment for RCES, with deeper ablations yielding longer symptom-free survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"141-152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Changes in Aqueous Humor Associated with Inflammation Following Cataract Surgery in Patients with Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy.","authors":"Lizaveta Chychko, Hyeck-Soo Son, Maximilian Friedrich, Ramin Khoramnia, Gerd U Auffarth, Victor A Augustin","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01072-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01072-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To evaluate the anterior chamber (AC) inflammation in the early postoperative period after cataract surgery and before Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) by quantifying oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in aqueous humor of patients with Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective single-center study, 15 patients with FECD underwent cataract surgery and DMEK in a two-stage procedure. Aqueous humor was collected from the AC at the beginning of cataract surgery and 3 months later at the beginning of DMEK. In the control group, which consisted of 15 age-matched phakic patients without FECD, aqueous humor was only collected at the beginning of cataract surgery. Mediators of postoperative inflammation including TNF-α, VEGF, IL-2, IL-1 β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, CXCL5/ENA-78, FGF-basic, G-CSF, IL-1-α, IL-1-ra, IL-17, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1a, CCL4/MIP-1b, TPO, TGF-β-1, TGF-β-2, and TGF-β-3 concentrations were measured using a Multiplex-Array-System.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The concentration of TNF-α (p = 0.021), IL-6 (p = 0.005), IL-8 (p = 0.001), CXCL5/ENA78 (p = 0.002), CCL2/MCP-1 (p = 0.001) and CCL4/MIP-1b (p = 0.037) were significantly higher 3 months after cataract surgery at the beginning of DMEK compared to control group at beginning of cataract surgery. The levels of IL-2, IL-5, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-1-α were significantly higher in phakic eyes in the control group (p < 0.05) before cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study indicates significantly increased proinflammatory cytokines 3 months after cataract surgery in eyes with FECD. Our findings suggest postoperative inflammation in the AC up to 3 months after cataract surgery. Therefore, it may be reasonable to combine cataract surgery with DMEK in cataract patients with FECD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"197-209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient and Physician Perspectives of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema Diagnosis, Treatment and Progression: A Podcast Article.","authors":"Daniel Newman, Bernadette Warren, Randall Barker, Charles C Wykoff, Stela Vujosevic","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01053-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01053-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of vision loss among people of working age. However, people with diabetes are often unaware of the importance of DR screening for preserving vision, highlighting the importance of patient education about DR and DR-related ocular and systemic comorbidities. In this podcast, three patients with different stages of DR and two ophthalmologists exchanged their views on diagnosis, treatment, and progression of DR and diabetic macular edema. The discussion revealed that DR affects not only the physical aspects of patients' lives but also their mental wellbeing. The challenges of a DR diagnosis can be compounded by communication gaps that exist between patients, physicians, and the pharmaceutical industry. Development of new therapies is currently informed mainly by physician perspectives. However, the large burden of current treatments calls for new therapeutic approaches that meet patients' needs better. The preferred method of treatment administration can differ from patient to patient and the choices between treatments that necessitate repeated visits, monitoring, and at-home care must be discussed. As such, going forward it is crucial to consider both the physician and patient perspectives in shaping the clinical landscape of DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Clinical Management of Diabetic Macular Edema: Insights from a Global Survey of Patients, Healthcare Providers, and Clinic Staff.","authors":"Focke Ziemssen, Michelle Sylvanowicz, Winfried M Amoaku, Tariq Aslam, Bora Eldem, Robert P Finger, Richard P Gale, Laurent Kodjikian, Jean-François Korobelnik, Xiaofeng Lin, Anat Loewenstein, Paul Mitchell, Moira Murphy, David R Owens, Nick Parker, Ian Pearce, Francisco J Rodríguez, Jude Stern, S James Talks, David T Wong, Tien Yin Wong, Jane Barratt","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01060-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01060-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In contrast with patients receiving therapy for retinal disease during clinical trials, those treated in routine clinical practice experience various challenges (including administrative, clinic, social, and patient-related factors) that can often result in high patient and clinic burden, and contribute to suboptimal visual outcomes. The objective of this study was to understand the challenges associated with clinical management of diabetic macular edema from the perspectives of patients, healthcare providers, and clinic staff, and identify opportunities to improve eye care for people with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a survey of patients with diabetic macular edema, providers, and clinic staff in 78 clinics across 24 countries on six continents, representing a diverse range of individuals, healthcare systems, settings, and reimbursement models. Surveys comprised a series of single- and multiple-response questions completed anonymously. Data gathered included patient personal characteristics, challenges with appointment attendance, treatment experiences, and opportunities to improve support. Provider and clinic staff surveys asked similar questions about their perspectives; and clinic characteristics were also captured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 5681 surveys were gathered: 3752 from patients with diabetic macular edema, 680 from providers, and 1249 from clinic staff. Too many appointments, too short treatment intervals, difficulties in traveling to the clinic or arranging adequate support to travel, out-of-pocket costs, office/parking fees, and long waiting times were noted by all as contributing to increase the burden on the patient and caregiver. Patients generally desired more in-depth discussions with their provider, which would help with information exchange and better expectation-setting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The wealth of systematic data generated by this global survey highlights the breadth and scale of challenges associated with the clinical management of patients with diabetic macular edema. Addressing the opportunities for improvement raised by patients, providers, and clinic staff could increase patient adherence to treatment, reduce appointment burden, and improve clinic capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"229-246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Performance of an Ocular Surface Modulator Containing ST-Lysyal Versus Hyaluronic Acid Eyedrops in Patients with Dry Eye Disease: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Stefano Barabino, Andrea Rosa, Sara Marini, Carlo Domenico Bianchi, Maurizio Rolando","doi":"10.1007/s40123-024-01062-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40123-024-01062-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition of the ocular surface, primarily treated with tear substitutes, which do not fully restore natural tear functions. In this pilot study, we tested the hypothesis that T-Lysyal (T-Lys) improves symptoms and signs in patients with DED. Additionally, we provide a literature overview on the effects of T-Lys in ophthalmology and non-ophthalmology conditions to elucidate its mechanisms of action.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A double-masked, randomized pilot study was conducted in patients with DED treated with T-Lys or hyaluronic acid (HA) 0.2% combined with tamarind seeds polysaccharide (control group) for 2 months. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of DED with symptoms lasting ≥ 6 months, Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye (SANDE) score ≥ 30, and at least one of the following: fluorescein staining of the cornea (score ≥ 3, NEI scale), conjunctival staining (Lissamine Green, score ≥ 3), or tear breakup time (T-BUT) ≤ 10 s. Data from the right eye were used for statistical analysis. A PubMed literature search of T-Lys studies was also performed without publication year restrictions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve patients in the T-Lys group and 15 in the control group completed the study (mean age 67 ± 11 years). T-Lys treatment resulted in significant improvements from baseline (V0) to 2 months (V2) in symptoms assessed by visual analogue scale (T-Lys: 4.58 ± 2.57 mm at V0, 2.92 ± 1.38 mm at V2, p < 0.05; control: 5.13 ± 2.29 mm at V0, 5.3 ± 2.4 mm at V2), T-BUT (T-Lys: 2.58 ± 1.31 s at V0, 3.58 ± 1.37 s at V2, p < 0.05; control: 3.07 ± 1.43 s at V0, 3 ± 1.13 s at V2), and corneal staining (T-Lys: 2.16 ± 4.17 at V0, 1.41 ± 3.70 at V2, p < 0.05; control: 1.4 ± 2.19 at V0, 1.4 ± 2.16 at V2). No adverse events were reported. Literature findings supported T-Lys's efficacy in managing both ophthalmology and non-ophthalmology conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first clinical evidence of T-Lys efficacy in patients with DED, supporting preclinical data and highlighting its potential as a promising ocular surface modulator.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was registered in the ISRCTN registry for Clinical Studies with no. 13587929.</p>","PeriodicalId":19623,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"117-128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}