Ophthalmologica最新文献

{"title":"Systemic Vasculitis and Its Association with the Eye.","authors":"Ester Carreño, Otto M Olivas-Vergara","doi":"10.1159/000531395","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000531395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vasculitis is a group of diseases characterized by the inflammation of the blood vessel walls. They are classified according to the size of the main vessel involved: large vessel, medium vessel, and small vessel vasculitis. Ophthalmic manifestations are quite common in most of these diseases. Episcleritis and scleritis are the most prevalent manifestation of vasculitis. However, there are certain ocular features characteristic of specific vasculitis entities. Given the severity and potential life-threat of these diseases, knowledge of the ocular manifestations is mandatory for the ophthalmologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":"174-180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9649198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximal Extension Interval and Visual Outcomes in a Treat-and-Extend Protocol: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CANTREAT Randomized Trial.","authors":"Marko M Popovic,&nbsp;Tom Sheidow,&nbsp;Jason Baker,&nbsp;Peter J Kertes","doi":"10.1159/000530364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000530364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Canadian Treat-and-Extend Analysis Trial with Ranibizumab (CANTREAT) was a 2-year, multicentred, randomized clinical trial to evaluate treat-and-extend (T&amp;E) relative to monthly administration of ranibizumab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). This post hoc analysis of the CANTREAT trial explores the relationship between the maximal extension interval tolerated by patients receiving T&amp;E ranibizumab and visual acuity outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Treatment-naïve patients with nAMD were randomized to receive either a once-monthly dosing or T&amp;E regimen of ranibizumab across 27 treatment centres in Canada and were followed for 24 months. For this post hoc analysis, patients in the T&amp;E cohort were subdivided into the following groups based on maximum extension interval: 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 10 weeks, and 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in ETDRS best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline to month 24 while secondary outcomes included change in central retinal thickness (CRT). All results were reported using descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 285 participants undergoing T&amp;E were enrolled in this post hoc analysis. At month 24, the change in BCVA from baseline was +8.5 ± 9.3, +7.7 ± 13.8, +4.4 ± 9.6, +4.4 ± 18.5, and +7.8 ± 14.8 letters in the 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-, and 12-week cohorts, respectively. The change in CRT at month 24 was -79.2 ± 95.0, -143.9 ± 128.9, -97.7 ± 101.1, -120.9 ± 105.3, and -133.2 ± 108.8 μm in the 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-, and 12-week cohorts, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The capacity to extend does not necessarily associate with improved visual acuity outcomes, with the poorest change in BCVA seen in those extended 8-10 weeks. The highest change in BCVA and lowest decrease in CRT was in the group maximally extended for 4 weeks. There was a correlation between change in BCVA and change in CRT for other extension groups. Future studies should establish the predictive factors for successful extension in patients undergoing T&amp;E in nAMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":"246 2","pages":"123-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9789903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations and Prognostic Significance of Fluctuations in Diabetic Retinopathy Severity in Eyes Treated for Diabetic Macular Edema.","authors":"Maria Vittoria Cicinelli,&nbsp;Giulia Gregori,&nbsp;Alessandro Rabiolo,&nbsp;Beatrice Tombolini,&nbsp;Costanza Barresi,&nbsp;Francesco Pignatelli,&nbsp;Rosangela Lattanzio,&nbsp;Francesco Bandello","doi":"10.1159/000530417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000530417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of our study was to investigate factors associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity fluctuations in patients undergoing intravitreal injections for diabetic macular edema and to explore risk factors for proliferative DR (PDR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We graded ultra-widefield fundus photography imaging at each visit using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Severity Scale (DRSS). We calculated the deviation from the mode (DM) of DRSS values as a proxy of DR severity fluctuations, and we analyzed its clinical associations with linear models. We computed risk factors for PDR with Cox hazard models. We included the DRSS area-under-the-curve (AUC) of DRSS scores as a covariate in all analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 111 eyes with a median follow-up of 44 months. Higher DRSS-AUC values (β = +0.03 DRSS DM for unitary DRSS/month increase, p = 0.01) and a higher number of anti-VEGF injections (β = +0.07 DRSS DM for injection, p = 0.045) were associated with wider DR severity fluctuations. Higher DRSS-AUC values (HR = 1.45 for unitary DRSS/month increase, p = 0.001) and wider DR severity fluctuations (HR = 22.35 4th quartile vs. 1st-3rd quartile of DRSS DM, p = 0.01) were risk factors for PDR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with larger DR variability in response to intravitreal injections may be at higher risk of DR progression. We advocate attentive follow-up in these patients to recognize PDR early.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":"246 2","pages":"131-140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10148016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brolucizumab for Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration: One-Year Real-World Experience from a Tertiary Center.","authors":"Andrea Scupola,&nbsp;Matteo Mario Carlà,&nbsp;Francesco Boselli,&nbsp;Federico Giannuzzi,&nbsp;Alessandro De Filippis,&nbsp;Claudia Fossataro,&nbsp;Angelo Maria Minnella,&nbsp;Guglielmo D'Amico,&nbsp;Giovanni Coppola,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Savastano,&nbsp;Maria Grazia Sammarco,&nbsp;Stanislao Rizzo","doi":"10.1159/000529817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore the early efficacy and safety of treatment with intravitreal injections (IVIs) of brolucizumab in patients presenting with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in a real-world setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 194 eyes of 180 patients with nAMD treated with standard 6-mg IVIs of brolucizumab in our clinic between March 11, 2021, and June 15, 2022. Both treatment-naive (33 eyes) and switch therapy patients (161 eyes) were included in the study. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield thickness (CST), retinal fluid distribution (classified as intraretinal, subretinal, under the pigmented epithelium), treatment intervals, and adverse event rates were collected for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average follow-up time was 37.2 ± 16.6 weeks. Mean baseline BCVAs were 38.1 ± 4.5 and 41.9 ± 6.7 letters in the treatment-naive and switch therapy groups, with a final gain of 16.0 ± 4.9 (p &lt; 0.0001) and 10.7 ± 5.9 (p &lt; 0.0001) letters in the two groups, respectively. Throughout the study period, CST significantly decreased in both treatment naïve (from 352.0 ± 129.4 to 284.2 ± 93.8 µm; p = 0.0015) and switch therapy (from 369.9 ± 140.5 to 307.4 ± 123.5 µm; p &lt; 0.0001). Significant fluid control rates were achieved at the end of the study period (45% and 27% eyes were completely free of fluid in naïve and switch groups, respectively). Five eyes (2.6%) developed adverse events with different grades of intraocular inflammation and visual outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Brolucizumab IVI showed very good anatomical and functional outcomes in both naive and switch patients in this real-world experience. Nevertheless, even showing a favorable risk/benefit profile, clinicians and patients should be aware of the possibility of a small rate of severe complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":"246 1","pages":"58-67"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9528189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Postoperative Drop Regimen Reduces Risk of Ocular Hypertension Following Pars Plana Vitrectomy.","authors":"Harry O Orlans,&nbsp;Sadat Yazdouni,&nbsp;Tom H Williamson,&nbsp;Roger S Wong,&nbsp;D Alistair H Laidlaw","doi":"10.1159/000528037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Postoperative steroid/antibiotic drop regimens are known to effectively suppress inflammation and infection following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), but the steroid frequently induces ocular hypertension (OHT). The aim of this contemporaneous cohort-control study was to assess safety and efficacy of a novel post-PPV drop regimen conceived to address this problem.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic case notes of consecutive eyes undergoing PPV between December 2020 and April 2021 at St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK, were reviewed retrospectively. Postoperative drops in the intervention cohort consisted of 1-week g. dexamethasone 0.1%/antibiotic QDS and 1-month g. ketorolac TDS. Standard care controls received 1-month g. dexamethasone 0.1%/antibiotic QDS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight patients were in the intervention cohort, and 151 received standard care. The primary outcome measure was IOP ≥30 mm Hg 2 weeks postoperatively. This occurred in none of the intervention group but in 14% of controls (p = 0.01). Secondary outcomes of rates of anterior uveitis and cystoid macular edema did not differ significantly between the groups, but those in the intervention cohort had fewer hospital visits (p = 0.0004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A post-PPV drop regimen of 1-week dexamethasone 0.1%/antibiotic and 1-month ketorolac may be as effective as an anti-inflammatory but safer in terms of OHT incidence than standard care 1-month dexamethasone 0.1%.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":"246 1","pages":"32-38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9581280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkish Adaptation and Validation of Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire Parent Form.","authors":"Saliha Kılınç, Ayhan Bilgiç, Vahdet Görmez","doi":"10.5152/pcp.2022.22389","DOIUrl":"10.5152/pcp.2022.22389","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Behavioral inhibition has been proposed as a temperamental risk factor for the development of childhood anxiety disorders universally; however, there is no validated instrument for, especially, its evaluation in Turkish children. This study aimed to examine reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire parent form for children aged 3-7 years.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Around 250 mothers or fathers of 3-7 years old children were recruited from non-clinical population to collect responses to the questionnaires. The sample was created by reaching 3 schools at preschool or elementary grade for the purpose of providing the questionnaires filled about the student and/or his/her little sisters and brothers by their parents; questionnaires were sent out to parents and then gathered. Parents were asked to fill sociodemographic data form, Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire parent form, Children Behavior Questionnaire, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionaire parent form in order to perform convergent and divergent validity analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;As a result of reliability analysis, total Cronbach alpha coefficient for Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire was determined as 0.92 with strong reliability. The internal consistency coefficients for Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire subscales also showed strong reliability with alphas ranging between 0.81 and 0.87 except for the performance (&lt;i&gt;α&lt;/i&gt; = 0.69) and physical challenges (&lt;i&gt;α&lt;/i&gt; = 0.19) subscales of which some items were excluded due to item-total correlations and confirmatory factor analysis results. In the validity assessment analyses, confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire has a construct validity with 5 factors loaded on the 2-second order main factors and one third-order final factor (root mean square error = 0.032, root mean square residual = 0.153, Comparative Fit Index = 0.978, Goodness of Fit İndex = 0.915, and Turker-Lewis Index = 0.970). While the strongest correlations with the overall Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire score were found for 2 main subscales, inhibition to social novelties (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.926, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001) and situational novelties (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.928, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001), similarly peers (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.848, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001) and new situations (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.898, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001) subscales, had strong correlations with the overall Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire score. The weakest correlation with overall Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire score was observed for physical challenges subscale even though this subscale displayed moderate association (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.454, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001). A good convergent validity was determined accompanied by significant moderate positive correlations with Children Behavior Questionnaire shyness and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire internalizing scales. An adequate divergent validity was al","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":"75 1","pages":"320-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11082627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87427517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"A. Cruess, S. Fauser, A. Gaudric, F. Holz","doi":"10.1159/000528087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528087","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44019867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediastinal Abscess Formation after EUS-Guided Sampling in a Young Patient with Sarcoidosis: Be Aware of the Increased Risk!","authors":"Miguel Bispo, Susana Marques, Sara Teles de Campos, Ricardo Rio-Tinto, Paulo Fidalgo, Jacques Devière","doi":"10.1159/000526508","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000526508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>International guidelines establish EUS-guided sampling as safe and accurate for the evaluation of mediastinal solid lesions, such as lymphadenopathies of unknown origin, and point out an increased risk of severe infectious complications induced by needle puncture in mediastinal cystic lesions. A retrospective case series and a systematic review documented an increased risk of mediastinal abscess formation after EUS-guided lymph nodes sampling in patients with sarcoidosis. The authors describe a case of a 38-year-old male patient with a final diagnosis of sarcoidosis, who developed a large mediastinal abscess after EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy of mediastinal lymphadenopathies. Endoscopists should be aware of the potential increased risk of severe infectious complications when sampling mediastinal lymph nodes in suspected sarcoidosis, and a strategy to minimize such risk should be pursued.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":"60 1","pages":"17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10661712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87393134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000526289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000526289","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44623037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron nitrosyl complexes are formed from nitrite in the human placenta.","authors":"George T Mukosera, Patricia Principe, Eugenia Mata-Greenwood, Taiming Liu, Hobe Schroeder, Mana Parast, Arlin B Blood","doi":"10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Placental nitric oxide (NO) is critical for maintaining perfusion in the maternal-fetal-placental circulation during normal pregnancy. NO and its many metabolites are also increased in pregnancies complicated by maternal inflammation such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes, and bacterial infection. However, it is unclear how increased levels of NO or its metabolites affect placental function or how the placenta deals with excessive levels of NO or its metabolites. Since there is uncertainty over the direction of change in plasma levels of NO metabolites in preeclampsia, we measured the levels of these metabolites at the placental tissue level. We found that NO metabolites are increased in placentas from patients with preeclampsia compared to healthy controls. We also discovered by ozone-based chemiluminescence and electron paramagnetic resonance that nitrite is efficiently converted into iron nitrosyl complexes (FeNOs) within the human placenta and also observed the existence of endogenous FeNOs within placentas from sheep and rats. We show these nitrite-derived FeNOs are relatively short-lived, predominantly protein-bound, heme-FeNOs. The efficient formation of FeNOs from nitrite in the human placenta hints toward the importance of both nitrite and FeNOs in placental physiology or pathology. As iron nitrosylation is an important posttranslational modification that affects the activity of multiple iron-containing proteins such as those in the electron transport chain, or those involved in epigenetic regulation, we conclude that FeNOs merit increased study in pregnancy complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19595,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmologica","volume":"203 1","pages":"102078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9257420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86415358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}