Optics Communications最新文献

{"title":"Frequency-modulated dual-pulse phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry with direct detection","authors":"Yafeng Cheng ,&nbsp;Hanyong Wang ,&nbsp;Changpeng Ming ,&nbsp;Lei Qian ,&nbsp;Desheng Li ,&nbsp;Hongyi Gan ,&nbsp;Tianye Huang ,&nbsp;Wu Liu ,&nbsp;Ming Luo ,&nbsp;Lei Dong ,&nbsp;Xiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, frequency-modulated dual-pulse probe is utilized to achieve quantitative demodulation of external vibrations in phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) with direct detection. In the proposed scheme, only a single acousto-optic modulator (AOM) is required to simultaneously generate the dual-pulse with four different frequencies spacing at 2.5 MHz. In the experiment, the vibrations from 0.1 Hz to 2000 Hz can be successfully recovered with 12.2 m spatial resolution at sampling rate of only 10 MHz. The proposed method is capable of quantitative demodulation of vibrations in wide frequency range, showing potential applications in the area of cost-effective distributed acoustic sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-range fourier ptychographic imaging of the object in multidimensional motion","authors":"Runbo Jiang ,&nbsp;Dongfeng Shi ,&nbsp;Yingjian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fourier Ptychographic (FP) is a cutting-edge technique for achieving high resolution in long-range imaging, holding significant research value. However, most of the research on FP has been limited to high-resolution imaging of stationary objects, considerably narrowing the scope of its applications. In real-world scenarios, the object may move in three dimensions and rotate during the image acquisition process. To address such scenarios, this paper proposes a method for achieving FP of the object in multidimensional motion using a single camera. Starting from the principles of Fourier optics and diffraction, the paper calculates the effects of an object's movement in different dimensions on the light field. The Fourier-Mellin algorithm is to be applied to deduce changes in the light field from captured intensity images and align all collected data under a chosen reference light field. During image reconstruction, we propose an additional phase retrieval algorithm that integrates total variation regularization to address aperture offset issues. The paper validates the proposed method's effectiveness through simulations and experiments. FP is successfully applied to objects in multidimensional motion. The method also doubles the imaging system's resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the continuity of spinning rate function on circular SOP conversion performance in spun quarter wave plate","authors":"Kun Yue ,&nbsp;Yuhao Huang ,&nbsp;Min Xia ,&nbsp;Wenping Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spun quarter wave plate (SQWP) exhibits superior state of polarization (SOP) conversion performance compared to the conventional quarter wave plate (QWP), with low loss and high accuracy, making it a promising choice for fiber optic systems. The spinning rate function, as a crucial component of SQWP, characterizes the process of spinning rate (<span><math><mi>ξ</mi></math></span>) from 0 to maximum (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ξ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>), playing a vital role in the performance of SQWP. To enhance circular SOP conversion, the traditional way is that we raise the spinning rate, but this increases ellipticity fluctuation (<span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span>), impacting SQWP stability. Urgent exploration of alternative solutions is needed. In order to address this issue, in this study, the impact of the continuity of spinning rate function on circular SOP conversion performance in SQWP is thoroughly investigated through theoretical research and numerical simulation. The results show that spinning rate functions with higher order continuity decrease ellipticity fluctuation and enhance the circular SOP conversion performance in SQWP more effectively. We introduce and compare two novel higher order continuous spinning rate functions with the conventional linear and cosine functions regarding their robustness (<span><math><mi>σ</mi></math></span>) on circular SOP conversion performance. The average values of <span><math><mi>σ</mi></math></span> for the two proposed spinning rate functions are <span><math><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>01</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>17</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>, respectively. They are one and two orders of magnitude smaller than the linear and cosine functions. The results demonstrate that the proposed spinning rate functions outperform conventional linear and cosine functions in both circular SOP conversion performance and robustness. The research findings of this study are expected to offer valuable insights and guidance for the future development and design of SQWP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-transmission of optically-carried 5G NR signal and over 14-W power light via standard single-mode fiber","authors":"Shengkun Chen ,&nbsp;Yaowen Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenwei Fu ,&nbsp;Ping Chen ,&nbsp;Yongqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Qixia Ou ,&nbsp;Zhiyao Zhang ,&nbsp;Heping Li ,&nbsp;Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-transmission of optically-carried broadband wireless communication signal and power light in standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) is the supporting technology for realizing remotely-powered antenna units in the next-generation wireless communication networks. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the co-transmission of optically-carried fifth-generation new radio (5G NR) signal and over 14-W power light via a spool of SSMF with a length of 1 km. Thereinto, the optical power transmission efficiency (OPTE), which is restricted by stimulated Brillouin scattering, is increased via extending the linewidth of the power light to 1 nm. Additionally, the in-band interference and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) degradation of the optically-carried 5G NR signal, which are attributed to the noise transference and the modulation instability induced by the Kerr effect and the stimulated Raman scattering effect, are suppressed through group-velocity dispersion management via carefully designing the wavelengths of the signal light and the power light. In the simulation, a 7-dB reduction in the noise floor and a significant rejection of the spurious signals are achieved via shifting the signal light wavelength from 1550 nm to 1310 nm. In the experiment, the OPTE of the power light reaches around 70%, and the received power fluctuation is smaller than 1% within 90 min. The received maximum electrical power is larger than 0.9 W with a regulated voltage of 12 V, which is sufficient to power the minimalist antenna unit. Besides, the error vector magnitude (EVM) and the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of the received 256-level quadrature amplitude modulation (256-QAM) 5G NR signal are below 2.5% and −40 dBc, respectively. The experimental results conclusively demonstrate the feasibility of the co-transmission link to enable remote power supply for the minimalist antenna unit in the beyond fifth-generation and sixth-generation fronthaul networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metamaterial absorber with ultra-broadband, ultra-high absorption, polarization independence and high-temperature resistance for solar thermal energy harvesting applications","authors":"Chunlian Cen ,&nbsp;Xiaochuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yuxing Lin ,&nbsp;Zao Yi ,&nbsp;Qingdong Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a metamaterial absorber with ultra-broadband, ultra-high absorption, polarization independence and high-temperature resistance for solar thermal energy harvesting applications is designed and numerically simulated. The proposed nanostructure is composed of four T-shaped strips and square ring nanoarray structures of tungsten (W) material deposited on Au substrate. The findings demonstrate that the solar metamaterial absorber can attain broadband absorption of solar energy with a bandwidth of 1.78 μm and the absorption rate of over 90% at the resonance wavelengths of 0.4 μm and 2.18 μm. Namely, the solar absorber exhibits excellent features of ultra-broadband and ultra-high absorption. The ultra-broadband and ultra-high absorption rate of solar absorbers are achieved by exciting surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In the design of solar absorber, the performance can be further enhanced by optimizing the geometry of the nanostructure (e.g., changing the geometric dimensions of T-shaped strips and square rings, and the period of array structures, etc.). Whether in TM mode or TE mode, solar metamaterial absorbers are insensitive to incident angles and can be used within the range of 0°–45° incident angles. The variation of the polarization angle also does not affect the absorption performance of the solar absorber with good polarization independence. Furthermore, at high temperatures from 300 °C to 1500 °C, the optical properties hardly change. It is found that the designed solar metamaterial absorber not only has ultra-broadband and ultra-high absorption, but also has excellent performance of polarization independence and high-temperature resistance. Consequently, this absorber has a promising application in solar cells, photothermal conversion and solar thermal energy harvesting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based optimization for D-shaped PCF SPR refractive index sensor","authors":"Yusuf Dogan ,&nbsp;Ramazan Katirci ,&nbsp;Ilhan Erdogan","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, we investigated common machine learning algorithms to estimate the highest sensitivity of a D-shaped PCF SPR sensor by optimizing the performance parameters. Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest model, and PyTorch neural network machine learning algorithms were compared to build a model and accurately predict the results, and sensor parameters were optimized through Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). The XGBoost technique demonstrated exceptional prediction capability, achieving an impressive R2 value of 99.64% and the trained model served as the objective function. The maximum sensitivity of 4529.75 nm/RIU was achieved in the standard optimization approach, However, with the guidance of NSGA-II, this sensitivity increased to 4814.14 nm/RIU, representing an improvement of 6.28%. The developed model enables rapid, reliable, and computationally cost-effective parameter predictions. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive understanding of the intricate relationships between input parameters and sensitivity, thus contributing significantly to the existing literature in the quest for optimal parameter identification through the application of machine learning algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarization based modulation of splitting ratio in femtosecond laser direct written directional couplers","authors":"Zhi-Kai Pong,&nbsp;Bangshan Sun,&nbsp;Zhenglin Li,&nbsp;Patrick S. Salter,&nbsp;Martin J. Booth","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work characterizes a polarization dependent splitting ratio in femtosecond laser written waveguide directional couplers. In general, different coupling strengths exist for different polarization states of the input light. However, if the linear polarization state of the input light is not aligned with one of the symmetry axes of the system, an additional amplitude beating is imposed on the transfer of light in directional couplers of different interaction length. We present results for in-plane and out of plane directional couplers, which are supported by theoretical analysis. These new results provide insights for understanding and controlling polarization properties of directional couplers and larger photonic circuits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are low- and high-loss glass–ceramic optical fibers possible game changers?","authors":"Wilfried Blanc ,&nbsp;Daniele Tosi ,&nbsp;Arnaldo Leal-Junior ,&nbsp;Maurizio Ferrari ,&nbsp;John Ballato","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transparency of optical fibers is one of the most sought-after properties for this optical waveguide, the paradigmatic example being fibers for long-haul telecommunications. This transparency is achieved by eliminating absorbing centers and heterogeneities. So, the idea of deliberately introducing nanoparticles into the core of a fiber seems to go against the usual doxa, given the light scattering they induce. Such fibers, mainly based on silica glass, were first designed to modify luminescence properties to develop fiber lasers and amplifiers. For such applications, light scattering must be limited. However, over the last five years, light scattering has proved to be a valuable property for sensor applications. This review article is an opportunity to review the state of the art in nanoparticle-containing optical fibers, and to highlight their potential for laser and sensor applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved inverse design of polarization splitter with advanced Bayesian optimization","authors":"Chenyuan Xu ,&nbsp;Tingge Dai ,&nbsp;Huangtao Wei ,&nbsp;Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Haoran Ma ,&nbsp;Jianyi Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaochen Luo ,&nbsp;Yuehai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As many silicon nanophotonic devices are polarization-dependent, a polarization beam splitter that divides TE and TM modes is an essential component for photonic integrated circuits. Various structures have been proposed for polarization splitters, but it is still challenging to simultaneously achieve low insertion loss, high extinction ratio, compact size and simplicity of fabrication. In this paper, we combine new machine learning methods with the principle of multimode interference to propose a novel design for a polarization beam splitter. Our design has low insertion loss (-0.17dB/-0.42dB) and high extinction ratio (-23.1dB/-23.4dB) at the central wavelength of 1550nm for TE/TM modes, with compact size of <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>19</mn><mi>μ</mi><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> and fabrication constraints strictly satisfied. Furthermore, our design is a standard 220nm-thick single-layer device for the silicon-on-insulator platform, without any auxiliary structures, making it easy for fabrication. Since our design cannot be optimized by the most commonly used methods, we adopt several specialized techniques to Bayesian optimization for inverse design. In this paper, we also share these skills which are simple but effective, possible to solve much more complicated design problems than others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable blue-green vortex pulse laser emitting from an optical parametric oscillator","authors":"Qihui Luo ,&nbsp;Jian Ma ,&nbsp;Yilan Chen ,&nbsp;Tingting Lu ,&nbsp;Junxuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Haoda Ma ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A tunable blue-green vortex laser within a spectrum range of 476 nm–525 nm was firstly demonstrated from a β-Ba₂BO₄ (BBO) optical parametric oscillator (OPO), pumped by 355 nm vortex pulsed laser operating at 100 Hz repetition rate. The maximum output signal vortex pulse energy of 0.55 mJ at 495 nm wavelength was obtained, corresponding to a conversion efficiency of 14.2%. The transformation process of signal laser from a vortex beam to a Gaussian beam was illustrated by changing the curvature radius of the output mirror.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}