{"title":"Investigation on multiple soliton operations in erbium-doped fiber lasers based on Bi2O2Te saturable absorbers","authors":"Xiaoyu Zhao , Yu Wei , Lezheng Wang , Jiale Wu , Yingfei Zhao , Jiayu Shen , Yuanxiang Xu , Wenfei Zhang , Caixun Bai , Cheng Lu , Nannan Xu , Huanian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this experiment, a Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Te nanosheet solution was prepared by the liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) method. By placing the Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Te nanosheet solution on a tapered fiber, a saturable absorber (SA) was formed. A Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Te-SA ring cavity system based on the 1.5 μm band was constructed, thus realizing the application of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Te in erbium doped fiber lasers (EDFLs). Within the pump power range of 252 mW–427 mW, stable conventional soliton mode locked pulses (CS) were successfully obtained. Its 3 dB bandwidth was 2.18 nm, and the maximum pulse energy was 110.46 pJ. Subsequently, by adjusting the pump power and the polarization state in the cavity, a stable second order harmonic mode locked pulse (HML) was obtained when the pump power was 417 mW. Its 3 dB bandwidth was 2.80 nm. In addition, at pump powers of 369 mW, 379 mW and 406 mW, stable two-pulses, three-pulses and four-pulses were obtained respectively. This was the first time that multi-pulse operation was achieved in a fiber laser based on Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Te-SA. The experimental results show that Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Te has excellent nonlinear optical modulation performance and has broad research prospects in soliton evolution. The applications of abundant soliton states in fields such as quantum computing and quantum communication are also worth looking forward to.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"588 ","pages":"Article 132000"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K.O. Bastian , S. Pokharel , M. Mahdavifar , O. Korotkova
{"title":"Self and joint intensity statistics of Laguerre–Gaussian modes propagating in air turbulence","authors":"K.O. Bastian , S. Pokharel , M. Mahdavifar , O. Korotkova","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The results of an experimental campaign on propagating several Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beams with trivial radial order and their random sequences through the controlled-air turbulence are presented. Various statistical moments of the fluctuating intensity of a single LG mode and the mode-to-mode correlations and their derivatives are found. The mode-to-mode intensity correlations revealed the appearance of robust ring-like structures depending in size on the mode index difference. The experimental results were verified with the help of numerical simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"588 ","pages":"Article 131944"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on VO2-based absorbing/polarization conversion terahertz devices","authors":"Binggang Xiao, Xinyi Wang, Min Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the development of terahertz devices based on vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>) that can perform both absorption and polarization conversion. VO<sub>2</sub> thin films have been extensively studied due to their insulator-metal transition properties, which allow VO<sub>2</sub> to undergo a reversible phase change from an insulating state to a metallic state under the influence of light, heat, or stress, accompanied by a sudden change in physical properties. The technical realization of this study involves providing a dual-functional metasurface device based on VO<sub>2</sub> that can switch between a line-to-line polarization converter and an absorber by changing temperature. This design not only overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies but also offers new possibilities for the development of terahertz communication devices, especially in the context of the development of communication technology, making this research scientifically significant and promising for practical applications. Future work will focus on further optimizing device performance, reducing costs, and enabling large-scale production to meet the growing demands of terahertz communication technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"589 ","pages":"Article 131995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinjun Bai , Yu Tian , Ying Shi , Shasha Wang , Wei Xu , Zhigui Lin , Shengjiang Chang
{"title":"Dual-parameter sensing theory for high-precision protein concentration detection with THz metasurfaces","authors":"Jinjun Bai , Yu Tian , Ying Shi , Shasha Wang , Wei Xu , Zhigui Lin , Shengjiang Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protein concentration detection (PCD) has been extensively used in clinical diagnostics and biopharmaceutical fields. Recently, compared with traditional PCD methods, terahertz (THz) detection has garnered widespread attention due to its advantages of being label-free, non-invasive and non-ionizing. However, current THz protein detection techniques rely on single-parameter sensing theory, which ignores the effect of temperature on protein concentration, resulting in relatively low detection precision. Consequently, in this paper, a dual-parameter sensing theory that considers both protein concentration and temperature is proposed. Based on this theory, a dual-BIC THz metasurface sensor is designed, and the transmission spectra, physical mechanism, structural parameters and sensing characteristic of the device are theoretically investigated using the full-vector finite element method. The results indicate that the refractive index sensitivities and temperature sensitivities for A-mode and B-mode are 159 GHz/RIU, 41.2 kHz/°C and 316 GHz/RIU, 24.4 kHz/°C, respectively. When the sensor is applied to PCD, the calculations reveal that the relative error is reduced by two orders of magnitude using our proposed theory, as compared to the single-parameter sensing theory. In summary, the dual-parameter sensing theory offers a fundamental theoretical framework for achieving high-precision PCD, and the dual-BIC metasurface structure serves as an ideal device for this purpose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"588 ","pages":"Article 131997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muqaddar Abbas , Yunlong Wang , Feiran Wang , Pei Zhang , Hamid R. Hamedi
{"title":"Double-frequency photonic spin Hall effect in a tripod atomic system","authors":"Muqaddar Abbas , Yunlong Wang , Feiran Wang , Pei Zhang , Hamid R. Hamedi","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We demonstrate the tunability of the tripod atom-light coupling scheme to achieve a double-frequency photonic Spin Hall Effect (PSHE). The tripod model interacts with a weak probe field and two strong control fields, enabling the realization of symmetric, asymmetric, or single Electromagnetically Induced Transparency, depending on the Rabi frequencies and detunings of the control fields. Our results show that this configuration allows for the generation of symmetric or asymmetric double-peak PSHE, resulting in enhanced transverse shifts at two distinct frequencies. Additionally, we present a scenario that yields a single-peak enhancement of the PSHE at probe field resonance. These results demonstrate the flexibility of the tripod scheme to regulate spin-dependent light–matter interactions, which may find use in multi-frequency spin photonic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 131930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sergey N. Mantsevich, Vladimir I. Balakshy, Evgeniy A. Dyakonov
{"title":"Collinear acousto-optic diffraction based optoelectronic oscillator","authors":"Sergey N. Mantsevich, Vladimir I. Balakshy, Evgeniy A. Dyakonov","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present the results of an optoelectronic oscillator based on collinear acousto-optic (AO) filter characterization. The system includes hybrid feedback and operates above the self-excitation threshold. Thus, it does not require the RF generator to arouse ultrasound in the AO cell. The rise time and delay time dependencies on the optoelectronic feedback parameters were defined. It was found that by tuning the feedback gain it is possible to vary the system time characteristics in a fairly wide range. The examination of the feedback loop phase shift influence on the system operation made it possible to discover the existence of multistability, manifested in an abrupt change of the feedback loop RF signal frequency and, consequently, the optical radiation intensity at the AO cell output. The multistability existence was explained in terms of the phase balance condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"588 ","pages":"Article 131934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reflectance spectral characteristics and imaging mechanism of silicon-based lithography chips based on coaxial broadband illumination","authors":"Donghui Zhang , Tianxi Zhai , Yingjie Yu , Xiangyang Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optical performance of silicon-based lithography chips is crucial for optimizing optoelectronic devices. However, as lithography processes advance to the nanoscale, traditional single-wavelength light sources face challenges in resolving the complex surface structures of silicon-based lithography chips. To address this issue, this study proposed a tunable broadband spectral illumination microscopy imaging method based on reflection characteristics for chip detection, and explored the effects of different lighting conditions on lithographic imaging quality. Through an in-depth analysis of the interaction between light and silicon-based lithography chips, the study revealed the feedback effects of illumination conditions on surface electric field distribution and imaging performance. Using finite element simulations, a silicon-based chip model was established to simulate surface electric field distribution and reflection spectral characteristics under different wavelength light sources. The results clearly indicated the significant role of short-wavelength light in exciting surface charges and enhancing the local electric field. The study identified the key influence mechanisms of multi-wavelength light sources in optimizing lithographic imaging quality. The findings demonstrated that the green wavelength band at 525 nm exhibited the best performance in exciting surface charges and enhancing the local electric field. The average reflectance reached 38.45 % and 41.37 % on simple and complex surfaces, respectively, while the Strehl ratio was the highest at 0.49 and 0.43, indicating an effective improvement in imaging quality. Additionally, the study confirmed that the primary mechanism for electric field enhancement was the localized surface plasmon resonance effect. This study provides a theoretical basis for developing characterization methods for complex surface structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 131990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nan-nan Li , Long-fei Feng , Shao-jie Ji , Hao-nan Yan , Kun Yang , Di Wang , Xiao-wei Li , Su-juan Liu
{"title":"Optimized double-coefficient error diffusion method for suppressing speckle noise in holographic display","authors":"Nan-nan Li , Long-fei Feng , Shao-jie Ji , Hao-nan Yan , Kun Yang , Di Wang , Xiao-wei Li , Su-juan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose an optimized double-coefficient error diffusion method to suppress the speckle noise in computer-generated holography. The information of the object is recorded as a complex amplitude hologram (CAH). Then, the CAH is converted into a phase-only hologram (POH). In this process, the even and odd row pixels of the CAH are scanned bidirectionally and further processed. The phase error is compensated to two adjacent pixels that have not been visited before. Meanwhile, the optimal diffusion direction and coefficient are selected. The POH is loaded on the spatial light modulator during optical reconstruction. Compared to the traditional double-coefficient error diffusion method, the proposed method is optimized for the pixel scanning direction, error diffusion direction and diffusion coefficient. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate improved reconstruction quality with the proposed method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"588 ","pages":"Article 131943"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aalolika Roy Chowdhury , Md. Shahriar Hasan , A.K.M. Baki
{"title":"High efficiency & ultra-wideband polarization rotator metasurface for THz waves","authors":"Aalolika Roy Chowdhury , Md. Shahriar Hasan , A.K.M. Baki","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The terahertz (THz) spectrum holds a notable prospect for the growth of 6G wireless technologies due to its higher frequency and excellent sensing abilities. Photonics-based research requires a highly efficient THz polarization converter that possesses both wide bandwidth and high conversion efficiency. In this paper, a novel hexagonal crescent-shaped polarization converter metasurface (HCPCM) is presented that operates within the frequency range of 1.27 to 3.93 THz. The unit cell exhibits a fractional bandwidth of 102.31% (at -10 dB), establishing an ultra-wideband response within the operating frequency band. Efficient cross-polarization conversion takes place at the four plasmonic resonances of 1.35 THz, 1.92 THz, 3.04 THz, and 3.8 THz as Polarization Conversion Ratio (PCR) reaches 100% at these frequencies for normal incidence. Furthermore, HCPCM demonstrates angular stability up to an incidence angle of 35<span><math><mo>°</mo></math></span>, holding PCR above 80% at all resonant frequencies. These features make HCPCM suitable for several applications, including High-Speed Wireless Communication, Medical Imaging, Spectroscopy, and Environmental Monitoring. Theoretical research, as well as comprehensive 3D full-wave simulations, affirmed the efficacy of the proposed design in this paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"588 ","pages":"Article 131931"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical security attacks on symbol masking schemes using time-spread cryptographic keys in digital coherent communication","authors":"Keiji Shimada, Reika Suketomo, Masahiro Misumi, Mizuki Inagaki, Takahiro Kodama","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we propose and evaluate a time-spread cryptographic key scheme for enhancing the physical layer security of optical communication systems. The proposed method diffuses cryptographic key information in the time domain, introducing complexity to the relationship between keys and symbols. This scheme is applied to both symbol-variable and symbol-fixed masking schemes, focusing on Nyquist dual-polarization <em>M</em>-ary quadrature amplitude modulation signals (<em>M</em> = 4, 16). Simulations are conducted to analyze the normalized generalized mutual information (NGMI) characteristics under various conditions, including eavesdropping scenarios with varying wiretap ratios and time-spreading parameters. Results demonstrate that the time-spread cryptographic key scheme effectively degrades the signal quality for eavesdroppers, maintaining NGMI below the forward error correction threshold (NGMI = 0.8) even at high eavesdropping rates of 50 %, 99 %, and 100 %. Furthermore, the scheme preserves the integrity of encryption randomness while requiring minimal modification to existing communication architectures. These findings establish the robustness of the proposed approach, and offer a promising solution for secure optical communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 131986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}