Optics Communications最新文献

{"title":"First real-time single-span 106-km field trial using commercial 130-Gbaud DP-QPSK 400 Gb/s backbone OTN transceivers over deployed multi-core fiber cable","authors":"Jian Cui ,&nbsp;Yu Deng ,&nbsp;Zhuo Liu ,&nbsp;Yuxiao Wang ,&nbsp;Bin Wu ,&nbsp;Chengxing Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiabin Wang ,&nbsp;Baoluo Yan ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Hao ,&nbsp;Chao Wu ,&nbsp;Leimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Chen ,&nbsp;Xuechuan Chen ,&nbsp;Hu Shi ,&nbsp;Lei Shen ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Luo ,&nbsp;Yan Sun ,&nbsp;Qi Wan ,&nbsp;Ninglun Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Weak-coupled space-division multiplexing (SDM) technique using multi-core fibers (MCF) has attracted great research interests due to its huge capacity potential and compatibility with high-speed transceivers. In this paper, we demonstrate the first real-time 128 Tb/s and 224 Tb/s single-span 106-km field trial over deployed 4-core and 7-core MCF cable with 65 multi-core fusion splicing using commercial DP-QPSK 400 Gb/s backbone optical transport network (OTN) transceivers. The 4-core and 7-core transmission systems still reserve with more than 5.5-dB and 3.5-dB OSNR margins respectively thanks to the 130-Gbaud DP-QPSK modulation format enabled by optoelectronic multiple-chip module (OE-MCM) packaging technique. The MCF cable has a length of 17.69 km and the contained MCFs are with standard 245-μm coating, which enables the compatibility with standard cabling processing. This field trial marks the maturity of MCF-based weakly-coupled SDM transmission systems and is an important milestone towards the implementation of MCF in high-speed terrestrial cable systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The study of capillary discharge Ne-like 46.9 nm laser with a 2.5 mm inner diameter capillary","authors":"Dongdi Zhao ,&nbsp;Huaiyu Cui ,&nbsp;Shuai Wang ,&nbsp;Yuebin Yi ,&nbsp;Bo An ,&nbsp;Zhigang Fan ,&nbsp;Yongpeng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The capillary discharge 46.9 nm laser experiment was conducted using an alumina capillary of 35 cm in length and 2.5 mm in inner diameter. In terms of temporal characteristics, the duration (FWHM) of the laser pulse is 1.6 ns. The laser energy obtained with the 2.5 mm diameter capillary can be up to 1 mJ. For comparison, the laser energy achieved with the commonly used 3.2 mm diameter capillary is 305 μJ. With regard to spatial properties, the laser spot obtained at the optimal pressure using the 2.5 mm diameter capillary has a spatial distribution that is Gaussian-like, and the divergence's FWHM is 0.61 mrad. In order to investigate the effect of the capillary inner diameter on the 46.9 nm laser, we computed the plasma column characteristics near the lasing times observed with the 2.5 mm and 3.2 mm diameter capillaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical light scattering to improve image classification via wavelength division multiplexing","authors":"JiaJun He,&nbsp;Huan Liu,&nbsp;HongJie Cao,&nbsp;YanLong Meng,&nbsp;YangHui Li,&nbsp;Juan Kang,&nbsp;Le Wang,&nbsp;Yi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Machine learning is constantly contributing significant progress in many areas while posing huge demands for computing resources. It has been demonstrated the feasibility of leveraging random light scattering to decrease the computational resource demands of image classification algorithms. However, optical devices in optical random scattering systems, such as cameras, constrain the bandwidth of the entire system. In this study, a high-speed scattering system based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) was proposed. By employing the high bandwidth semiconductor lasers and quadrant PIN detectors, this WDM scattering system achieves over a 1000-times increase in acquisition speed compared to the traditional camera-based spatial scattering system. Moreover, this WDM scattering system has been demonstrated to improve the classification accuracy for RC on nine datasets, including MNIST, Chest_X-ray, and Malaria, by 26.15%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional endoscopic imaging system based on micro-lithography mask structured light projection","authors":"Jiayi Huo,&nbsp;Jiaying He,&nbsp;Jiayao Zhou,&nbsp;Bo Yuan,&nbsp;Xuxiang Ni,&nbsp;Liqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To achieve effective in-situ endoscopic diagnosis and treatment, the measurement of the size of lesions (such as tumors) and the characterization of their shape are important. However, the application of binocular endoscopy is still limited due to issues such as the lack of texture in some scenes, difficulty in matching, and large computational load. To address this, we have developed a 3D endoscopic imaging system based on micro-lithography mask structured light projection to measure the shape and size of targets within the endoscopic view. Firstly, a brand new mechanical design was implemented for the endoscope tip to integrate both white light and structured light channels. Then, a projection lens based on Q-type aspheric design and a micro-lithography mask based on the M-array were designed to achieve high contrast and high-resolution structured light projection in the endoscopic scene. Finally, by identifying feature points in the target and reference images, pixel matching and disparity calculation were achieved, allowing for 3D reconstruction. Our proposed 3D endoscopic imaging system was validated in a gastric model and a cervical model, where the model was reconstructed and compared with the ground truth, yielding mean RMSE of 0.20–0.31 mm at a working distance of about 40 mm, thus confirming the effectiveness of our system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency-modulated dual-pulse phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry with direct detection","authors":"Yafeng Cheng ,&nbsp;Hanyong Wang ,&nbsp;Changpeng Ming ,&nbsp;Lei Qian ,&nbsp;Desheng Li ,&nbsp;Hongyi Gan ,&nbsp;Tianye Huang ,&nbsp;Wu Liu ,&nbsp;Ming Luo ,&nbsp;Lei Dong ,&nbsp;Xiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, frequency-modulated dual-pulse probe is utilized to achieve quantitative demodulation of external vibrations in phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) with direct detection. In the proposed scheme, only a single acousto-optic modulator (AOM) is required to simultaneously generate the dual-pulse with four different frequencies spacing at 2.5 MHz. In the experiment, the vibrations from 0.1 Hz to 2000 Hz can be successfully recovered with 12.2 m spatial resolution at sampling rate of only 10 MHz. The proposed method is capable of quantitative demodulation of vibrations in wide frequency range, showing potential applications in the area of cost-effective distributed acoustic sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-range fourier ptychographic imaging of the object in multidimensional motion","authors":"Runbo Jiang ,&nbsp;Dongfeng Shi ,&nbsp;Yingjian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fourier Ptychographic (FP) is a cutting-edge technique for achieving high resolution in long-range imaging, holding significant research value. However, most of the research on FP has been limited to high-resolution imaging of stationary objects, considerably narrowing the scope of its applications. In real-world scenarios, the object may move in three dimensions and rotate during the image acquisition process. To address such scenarios, this paper proposes a method for achieving FP of the object in multidimensional motion using a single camera. Starting from the principles of Fourier optics and diffraction, the paper calculates the effects of an object's movement in different dimensions on the light field. The Fourier-Mellin algorithm is to be applied to deduce changes in the light field from captured intensity images and align all collected data under a chosen reference light field. During image reconstruction, we propose an additional phase retrieval algorithm that integrates total variation regularization to address aperture offset issues. The paper validates the proposed method's effectiveness through simulations and experiments. FP is successfully applied to objects in multidimensional motion. The method also doubles the imaging system's resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-transmission of optically-carried 5G NR signal and over 14-W power light via standard single-mode fiber","authors":"Shengkun Chen ,&nbsp;Yaowen Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenwei Fu ,&nbsp;Ping Chen ,&nbsp;Yongqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Qixia Ou ,&nbsp;Zhiyao Zhang ,&nbsp;Heping Li ,&nbsp;Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-transmission of optically-carried broadband wireless communication signal and power light in standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) is the supporting technology for realizing remotely-powered antenna units in the next-generation wireless communication networks. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the co-transmission of optically-carried fifth-generation new radio (5G NR) signal and over 14-W power light via a spool of SSMF with a length of 1 km. Thereinto, the optical power transmission efficiency (OPTE), which is restricted by stimulated Brillouin scattering, is increased via extending the linewidth of the power light to 1 nm. Additionally, the in-band interference and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) degradation of the optically-carried 5G NR signal, which are attributed to the noise transference and the modulation instability induced by the Kerr effect and the stimulated Raman scattering effect, are suppressed through group-velocity dispersion management via carefully designing the wavelengths of the signal light and the power light. In the simulation, a 7-dB reduction in the noise floor and a significant rejection of the spurious signals are achieved via shifting the signal light wavelength from 1550 nm to 1310 nm. In the experiment, the OPTE of the power light reaches around 70%, and the received power fluctuation is smaller than 1% within 90 min. The received maximum electrical power is larger than 0.9 W with a regulated voltage of 12 V, which is sufficient to power the minimalist antenna unit. Besides, the error vector magnitude (EVM) and the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of the received 256-level quadrature amplitude modulation (256-QAM) 5G NR signal are below 2.5% and −40 dBc, respectively. The experimental results conclusively demonstrate the feasibility of the co-transmission link to enable remote power supply for the minimalist antenna unit in the beyond fifth-generation and sixth-generation fronthaul networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metamaterial absorber with ultra-broadband, ultra-high absorption, polarization independence and high-temperature resistance for solar thermal energy harvesting applications","authors":"Chunlian Cen ,&nbsp;Xiaochuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yuxing Lin ,&nbsp;Zao Yi ,&nbsp;Qingdong Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a metamaterial absorber with ultra-broadband, ultra-high absorption, polarization independence and high-temperature resistance for solar thermal energy harvesting applications is designed and numerically simulated. The proposed nanostructure is composed of four T-shaped strips and square ring nanoarray structures of tungsten (W) material deposited on Au substrate. The findings demonstrate that the solar metamaterial absorber can attain broadband absorption of solar energy with a bandwidth of 1.78 μm and the absorption rate of over 90% at the resonance wavelengths of 0.4 μm and 2.18 μm. Namely, the solar absorber exhibits excellent features of ultra-broadband and ultra-high absorption. The ultra-broadband and ultra-high absorption rate of solar absorbers are achieved by exciting surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In the design of solar absorber, the performance can be further enhanced by optimizing the geometry of the nanostructure (e.g., changing the geometric dimensions of T-shaped strips and square rings, and the period of array structures, etc.). Whether in TM mode or TE mode, solar metamaterial absorbers are insensitive to incident angles and can be used within the range of 0°–45° incident angles. The variation of the polarization angle also does not affect the absorption performance of the solar absorber with good polarization independence. Furthermore, at high temperatures from 300 °C to 1500 °C, the optical properties hardly change. It is found that the designed solar metamaterial absorber not only has ultra-broadband and ultra-high absorption, but also has excellent performance of polarization independence and high-temperature resistance. Consequently, this absorber has a promising application in solar cells, photothermal conversion and solar thermal energy harvesting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based optimization for D-shaped PCF SPR refractive index sensor","authors":"Yusuf Dogan ,&nbsp;Ramazan Katirci ,&nbsp;Ilhan Erdogan","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, we investigated common machine learning algorithms to estimate the highest sensitivity of a D-shaped PCF SPR sensor by optimizing the performance parameters. Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest model, and PyTorch neural network machine learning algorithms were compared to build a model and accurately predict the results, and sensor parameters were optimized through Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). The XGBoost technique demonstrated exceptional prediction capability, achieving an impressive R2 value of 99.64% and the trained model served as the objective function. The maximum sensitivity of 4529.75 nm/RIU was achieved in the standard optimization approach, However, with the guidance of NSGA-II, this sensitivity increased to 4814.14 nm/RIU, representing an improvement of 6.28%. The developed model enables rapid, reliable, and computationally cost-effective parameter predictions. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive understanding of the intricate relationships between input parameters and sensitivity, thus contributing significantly to the existing literature in the quest for optimal parameter identification through the application of machine learning algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarization based modulation of splitting ratio in femtosecond laser direct written directional couplers","authors":"Zhi-Kai Pong,&nbsp;Bangshan Sun,&nbsp;Zhenglin Li,&nbsp;Patrick S. Salter,&nbsp;Martin J. Booth","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work characterizes a polarization dependent splitting ratio in femtosecond laser written waveguide directional couplers. In general, different coupling strengths exist for different polarization states of the input light. However, if the linear polarization state of the input light is not aligned with one of the symmetry axes of the system, an additional amplitude beating is imposed on the transfer of light in directional couplers of different interaction length. We present results for in-plane and out of plane directional couplers, which are supported by theoretical analysis. These new results provide insights for understanding and controlling polarization properties of directional couplers and larger photonic circuits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}