{"title":"All-dielectric metasurface based on particle swarm optimization algorithm for generating high-purity vortex pulses","authors":"Jianghong Xu , Huan Yuan , Zheqiang Zhong , Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultra-short vortex pulses have attracted widespread attention due to their unique properties and extensive applications in fields such as high-field laser physics, high-energy density physics, micro-nano manipulation, and quantum entanglement. We propose a metasurface based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm for converting ultrashort gaussian pulses into high-purity ultrashort vortex pulses, operating within a broadband wavelength range of 750 nm–850nm. The results indicate that the mode purity of the vortex pulses generated by the designed metasurfaces with topological charges <em>l</em> = 2 and <em>l</em> = 10 is higher than 99.5 % and 98.0 %, respectively, within the bandwidth, and they exhibit good robustness. Furthermore, similar methods can be extended to design metasurfaces that generate other topological charges. The proposed metasurface design and optimization method are significant for reducing strong distortions caused by dispersion and for applications in ultra-short vortex pulse systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"584 ","pages":"Article 131812"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-dimensional Orbital Angular Momentum Communication of Perfect Vortex Beam Based on Demultiplexing of Microlens Array with sector sub-aperture","authors":"Fan Wu , Ao Tang , Zhijie Pan, Feng Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Perfect Vortex Beam (PVB) exhibits a consistent ring radius across different Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) modes, this unique characteristic endows the PVB has excellent application prospects in the free-space optical communication field, etc. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate a high-dimensional OAM communication method using PVB for encoding, and demultiplexing via a microlens array with sector sub-aperture(MLA-S). At the transmitter, multiple PVB with different radii and modes are superimposed to achieve high-dimensional information encoding. At the receiver, an MLA-S is employed for decoding, which the circularly symmetric structure effectively matches the helical phase. This device can simultaneously measure multiple OAM modes at different spatial positions. And compared to using only the OAM modulation, this method can encode more information by utilizing fewer modes. Meanwhile, the OAM decoding device has high measurement accuracy, and a large measurement range without complex image processing. Therefore, this work has promising applications in high-capacity spatial optical communication and mode recognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guorui Lv , Lei Guo , Haiping Xu , Xian-An Dou , Qing Ye , Hui Kong , Yaling Yang , Jintian Bian , Nanxiang Zhao , Zefeng Wang , Kejian Yang , Jianjun Zhang
{"title":"External cavity second-Stokes Raman laser based on potassium yttrium tungstate (KYW) crystal","authors":"Guorui Lv , Lei Guo , Haiping Xu , Xian-An Dou , Qing Ye , Hui Kong , Yaling Yang , Jintian Bian , Nanxiang Zhao , Zefeng Wang , Kejian Yang , Jianjun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present an external-cavity potassium yttrium tungstate (KYW) second-Stokes Raman laser with strong pulse compression capability. A linearly polarized 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser is used as the pump source with a pulse width of 236 ns and a repetition frequency of 10 kHz. Under the maximum pump power of 22 W, the Stokes output power of 1.06 W is obtained at 1318 nm with a slope efficiency of 8.5 %, and the corresponding pulse width is reduced to 24 ns with a compression ratio of ∼10. And the generation process of second-Stokes pulse is simulated theoretically based on the steady-state stimulated Raman coupled wave theory. As far as we know, this is the first watt-level second-Stokes Raman laser based on KYW crystal. In addition, the cross-cascade mechanism of second-Stokes is studied among 905 cm<sup>−1</sup>, 765 cm<sup>−1</sup> and 87 cm<sup>−1</sup> modes, which demonstrates the potential of KYW crystal in multi-wavelength Raman lasers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MXene-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide by inserting low refractive index layer for long-range propagation","authors":"Ruozhang Xing, Xiujuan Zou, Jing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The unique plasmonic properties of MXene in the near-infrared region have attracted increasing attention, but the surface plasmons of MXene still face problems of poor confinement and large propagation loss. In this work, an MXene hybrid planar waveguide at the communication wavelength was proposed by inserting a low refractive index layer beneath the MXene materials. The introduction of this low refractive index dielectric layer (SiO<sub>2</sub>) can dramatically expand the propagation distance and improve the localization of the electric field. When the thickness of SiO<sub>2</sub> is only 20 nm, the propagation distance can be increased to over <span><math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>, which is 100 times that of MXene waveguides without SiO<sub>2</sub> layers. MXene hybrid plasmonic waveguides are competitive compared to other typical plasmonic waveguides, such as Au, Ag, and graphene at the wavelength of <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>55</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>. The silicon-on-insulator (SOI)-based MXene hybrid plasmonic waveguide was further designed. By optimizing the structure, the figure of merit has risen by an order of magnitude in contrast to MXene waveguide structures. These findings will contribute to the practical application and development of MXene surface plasmonic components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131764"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Helicity density of higher-order Poincaré beams in tight focus","authors":"S.S. Stafeev , V.D. Zaitsev , V.V. Kotlyar","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Helicity of higher-order Poincaré beams was investigated from the point of view of the Richards-Wolf formalism, which takes into account vector effects in the focal spots of lenses with large numerical aperture. It was shown that the helicity density for Poincaré beams always has radial symmetry and does not depend on the azimuthal angle of the beam section. The absolute value of helicity density is maximum when the polar angle of the beam is zero or π (optical vortex with circular polarization). Helicity is absent when the polar angle is π/2 (cylindrical vector beam). Non-zero values of helicity density on the optical axis are observed for beam orders 0, 1, and 2. If the polar angle of the beam is zero, the intensity of Poincaré beams coincides with the helicity density up to a factor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Broadband high-resolution line-imaging spectrometer with a large working distance range","authors":"Qinghua Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A broadband high-resolution line-imaging spectrometer (<strong>BHLIS</strong>) is presented, which consists of only two identical linear microlens arrays, one linear stop array, one parallel planar transmission grating pair and one area array detector. The detector is divided into many small rectangular pixel arrays, each corresponding to one calculated wavelength and one target unit. The BHLIS can achieve high spectral resolution (of the order of 1 nm) over a broadband wavelength range (e.g. 250 nm–380 nm, or 400 nm–700 nm) in the ultraviolet–visible spectral region. For existing imaging spectrometers, the angular resolution does not vary with the measuring distance, but the larger the measuring distance, the lower the spatial resolution. However, for all measuring distances over a large working distance range, the spatial resolution in the vertical direction of the BHLIS is approximately equal to the aperture size of a microlens, and the spatial resolution in the horizontal direction of the BHLIS is approximately equal to the distance between the centers of two adjacent microlenses in a linear microlens array. Since the aperture size of a microlens can be very small (e.g. 0.32 mm, 0.2 mm, or smaller) and the corresponding distance between the centers of two adjacent microlenses in a linear microlens array can be very small (e.g. 0.36 mm, 0.24 mm, or smaller), the BHLIS can obtain a high spatial resolution. The BHLIS is a unique concept that uses only one frame of data to obtain both broadband fine spectra (in the ultraviolet–visible spectral region) and high-resolution spatial images of a target row over a large working distance range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fangcheng Yan , Mingming Zhang , Jie Xu , Shengchuang Bai , Jun Liu , Youyou Hu
{"title":"Mitigating thermal blooming effect of the atmosphere using time-dependent rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beam","authors":"Fangcheng Yan , Mingming Zhang , Jie Xu , Shengchuang Bai , Jun Liu , Youyou Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermal blooming effect induced by high-power laser beams propagating through the atmosphere can result in a degradation of beam quality. This article proposes the utilization of time-dependent rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beam (TDRSPEPVB) as a means to mitigate thermal blooming effect during propagation in the atmosphere. Firstly, TDRSPEPVB is obtained by introducing a time factor into the phase term of rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beam (RSPEPVB). A comparative analysis was conducted on the thermal blooming effects of TDRSPEPVB and RSPEPVB in the atmosphere. The results indicate that TDRSPEPVB exhibits superior anti-thermal blooming ability compared to RSPEPVB and better preserves the shape of light spots during propagation through the atmosphere. These findings suggest that rotational motion can effectively mitigate thermal blooming effect for petal-like shaped high-order mode beams, providing valuable guidance for their application in atmospheric conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131804"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yong Hu , Kexin Wen , Jiajun Zhang , Weijie Shi , Jiaqi Li , Weibing Lu
{"title":"Fast prediction on the transmission of conical conformal frequency selective surfaces based on fully connected networks","authors":"Yong Hu , Kexin Wen , Jiajun Zhang , Weijie Shi , Jiaqi Li , Weibing Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) have significant applications in Near-field Enhancement and Radar Cross-Section (RCS) reduction. In practical applications, to accommodate carriers with complex shapes, FSS should work as the conformal shape rather than a planar shape. Typically, the Conformal Frequency Selective Surfaces (CFSS) are complex structures, the physical mechanisms within this system are complicated and the simulation for the electromagnetic properties are high time-consumed, giving a challenge for fast analysis and designs of the CFSS. In this study, the physical mechanism of a conical CFSS with Y-shaped holes is studied, including incident angle, polarization, array size and curvature. Furthermore, a dataset comprising 160 transmission curves has been built and a Fully Connected Network (FCN) is employed to predict the transmission of conical CFSS, with an average absolute deviation less than 0.02. Besides, utilized with Gradient Descent algorithm (GD) and FCN, a CFSS exhibiting high transmission within the frequency range of 14.50–15.00 GHz has been designed. This work realizes rapid analysis and design of CFSS with much fewer time and computing resources compared to methods based on full-wave simulations, opening new possibilities in fast design of the CFSS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiankai Tang , Xinghong Chen , Wei Tao , Yifei Mao
{"title":"Reconfigurable vortex generation based on phase change material","authors":"Jiankai Tang , Xinghong Chen , Wei Tao , Yifei Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of reconfigurable optical vortex (OV) generators is of great value because dynamic switching between different orbital angular momentum (OAM) states not only enables high-density data transmission, but also significantly enhances the security of wired and wireless communication networks. However, current dynamic OV generation methods face challenges in terms of alignment conditions, fabrication robustness, device integration and miniaturization, as well as OV generation purity. Here, we theoretically propose a reconfigurable OV generation method by dynamically engineering the photonic band structures via phase change material. OVs are generated by exploiting the winding topology properties of momentum-space polarization distributions around bound states in the continuum (BICs). By switching between different states of phase change materials, the interaction between the target BIC and the incident light can be flexibly selected to achieve OV with tunable OAM. In this work, the geometric phase gradient is generated in momentum space, thereby eliminating the need of beam alignment in real space. The purity of generated OVs approaches nearly 100 % in theory and exhibits robustness against fabrication errors to a certain extent. Using low-loss phase change materials to control the topological properties of the system offers new opportunities for tunable optical devices, on-chip optical communications and other applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131799"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongpeng Ren, Fumeng Qin, Desheng Qu, Yiping Sun, Chunlei Li
{"title":"Nanoblocks-enhanced tunable plasmonic sensor based on MIM waveguide with double independent resonators","authors":"Yongpeng Ren, Fumeng Qin, Desheng Qu, Yiping Sun, Chunlei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A compact plasmonic sensor structure with silver nanoblocks enhancement is presented. The standard structure is based on the metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide with a silver baffle, an elliptic ring cross cavity and a square frame cavity with a gap. The transmission characteristics of the structure are analyzed by the finite element method. The simulation results show that the structure generates triple Fano resonances. By changing the structural parameters of cavities, there is a good linear relationship between resonance wavelength and the effective length of resonator. Furthermore, the Fano resonances produced by various resonators can be tuned independently by the refractive index of the medium. The standard structure can achieve a sensitivity of 2760 nm/refractive index unit (RIU). By adding silver nanoblocks to the standard structure, the sensitivity of the modified structure reaches 3090 nm/RIU, which is 11.95 % higher than before. In addition, based on the independence of the resonator, the designed structure can realize the simultaneous detection of glucose solution and glycerol. The concentration sensitivities reach 388.7 nm∗ml/g and 403.3 nm∗ml/g, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"583 ","pages":"Article 131798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}