{"title":"Independent tuning of circular dichroism and Q-factor via Quasi-BIC resonances in bilayer plasmonic structures","authors":"Zhongtao Liu , Hang Zhang , Hui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bound states in the continuum (BICs) provides an effective mechanism for realizing high-quality-factor (high Q-factor) optical resonances by suppressing radiative losses. However, there is a critical challenge in simultaneously achieving a high Q-factor and strong field enhancement for modulating circular dichroism (CD) in metallic systems. In this work, we propose a bilayer plasmonic structure composed of rectangular metallic nanoapertures and nanorods, which enables strong CD responses while preserving a Q-factor on the order of 10<sup>2</sup>. We demonstrate that the generation of CD arises from distinct localized resonant interactions between the perforated upper metallic layer and the dipolar resonances supported by the lower nanorods. Notably, both the Q-factor and CD can be simultaneously tuned by adjusting the interlayer separation, revealing a clear positive correlation between them. The CD can be effectively tuned by geometric parameters such as rotational angle, nanorod length, and width, while keeping the Q-factor nearly unchanged. By adjusting the length of the upper-layer holes, the Q-factor can be modulated without altering the CD response. This study presents a robust strategy for achieving independent control of CD and Q-factor in plasmonic metasurfaces via resonant coupling between structurally engineered layers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 132422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonlinear generation of Mathieu beams by the quasi-multivalue-encoding method","authors":"Jiaying Wang, Zhipeng Wang, Binglin Zhang, Gaojian Wu, Chen Chen, Ronger Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-diffracting beams, including Airy, Bessel and Mathieu beams, demonstrate remarkable potential for advanced optical communications and dynamic wavefront engineering. However, their generation and field manipulation in nonlinear optical systems remain insufficiently explored. In this study, nonlinear Mathieu beams of various orders are generated theoretically and experimentally by computer generated holography. The second harmonic images are obtained for 0th-, 2nd-, 5th-, 10th- Mathieu beams via two different encoding methods: the binary encoding and quasi-multivalue-encoding method. Both simulations and experiments confirmed that the quasi-multivalue-encoding method achieves superior beam-shaping accuracy and significantly reduces diffraction artifacts compared to the binary encoding method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 132418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computational spectrum reconstruction based on all-dielectric metasurface and correlation selection","authors":"Tonghui Zhao , Jing Zhu , Wei Wu , Yuting Zhang , Jianglin Chen , Lianqing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A computational spectrum reconstruction method in the mid-wave infrared band based on all-dielectric metasurfaces and correlation selection is proposed in this study, aiming to address the limitations of traditional spectrometers, such as large volume and the difficulty in balancing resolution and miniaturization. By designing an all-dielectric metasurface structure composed of composite circular pillars, rectangular pillars, cross-shaped pillars, and annular nanoscale pillars, and combining a greedy algorithm to screen low-correlation transmission spectra, a filter measurement matrix with a low Pearson correlation coefficient (average absolute value of 0.2104) was constructed. Non-negative least squares (NNLS) and second-order difference regularization algorithms were used for spectral reconstruction. Experimental results show that within the wavelength range of 3–5 μm, this method achieves high-precision reconstruction of single narrowband spectra (full width at half maximum of 15 nm) and biomal spectra, with a spectral resolution of 25 nm. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) for the reconstruction of 6 sets of broadband spectra is 5.407 × 10<sup>−3</sup>. This scheme combines compactness and high-resolution characteristics, providing a new method for miniaturized mid-wave infrared spectral analysis and portable mid-wave infrared spectral detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 132416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhensong Liu , Yuhui Liu , Yuxi Jia , Ming Xu , Jinglu Sun , Tao Li , Xianglong Cai , Suya Song , Qingwei Li , Jingwei Guo
{"title":"Miniaturization of high peak power 954-nm hydrogen Raman laser","authors":"Zhensong Liu , Yuhui Liu , Yuxi Jia , Ming Xu , Jinglu Sun , Tao Li , Xianglong Cai , Suya Song , Qingwei Li , Jingwei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a compact, high-peak-power 954-nm hydrogen Raman laser using a Bessel beam pumping scheme. By employing an axicon to generate a non-diffracting beam with extended focal depth, laser-induced breakdown (LIB) was effectively suppressed. A seed injection strategy further reduced the second Stokes (S2) generation threshold and enhanced photon conversion efficiency (PCE). The system achieved a maximum S2 pulse energy of 62.4 mJ@208 mJ pump energy with a PCE of 53.9 %; while the highest PCE reached 60.3 %, representing the best-reported performance for 532 nm pumped S2 gaseous Raman lasers in free space. Notably, the Raman cell length was significantly reduced to 0.9 m, highlighting the potential for miniaturization. However, beam quality degradation was observed at high pump energies, particularly with seed injection, attributed to the seed light from four-wave mixing (FWM) and the multiple transverse modes from the Bessel beam side lobes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 132414"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shihe Zhang , Yafeng Cheng , Changpeng Ming , Chenxu Wang , Hanyong Wang , Lei Qian , Lei Dong , Ming Luo , Wu Liu , Hanbing Li , Tianye Huang , Xiang Li
{"title":"Denoising method for Φ-OTDR systems based on deep non-negative matrix factorization and non-local means filtering","authors":"Shihe Zhang , Yafeng Cheng , Changpeng Ming , Chenxu Wang , Hanyong Wang , Lei Qian , Lei Dong , Ming Luo , Wu Liu , Hanbing Li , Tianye Huang , Xiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) system based on Rayleigh backscattering (RBS) features high spatial resolution, long sensing distance, and strong capability for continuous monitoring, offering significant application prospects in the field of distributed optical fiber sensing. In practical applications, this system is often affected by various types of noise, primarily including laser phase noise, detector thermal noise, and environmental interference, all of which seriously impact the detection and localization accuracy of weak signals. To address these issues, this study proposes a novel denoising method that combines Deep Autoencoder-like Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (DANMF) with Non-local Means (NLM) filtering. The DANMF algorithm first decomposes the RBS signal into multiple hierarchical feature representations through multilayer nonnegative transformations, providing an initial modeling of complex Rayleigh scattering signals. Then, each extracted channel feature is individually processed using NLM filtering, which further suppresses residual noise while preserving key signal details. Experimental validation on a typical Φ-OTDR device demonstrates that the proposed DANMF-NLM method significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and outperforms conventional methods. Moreover, compared to traditional deep learning models, this method requires fewer labeled samples and less computational resources, making it more practical and applicable for real-world engineering scenarios with complex noise environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 132420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuhui Wei , Qiang Liu , Chao Ma , Jianxin Wang , Pengfei Lu , Tingting Lv , Yudan Sun , Jingwei Lv , Paul K. Chu , Chao Liu
{"title":"Fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor based on multi-hinges three-levers structure","authors":"Shuhui Wei , Qiang Liu , Chao Ma , Jianxin Wang , Pengfei Lu , Tingting Lv , Yudan Sun , Jingwei Lv , Paul K. Chu , Chao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel diaphragm pressure sensor based on multi-hinges three-levers structure is proposed and verified. The multi-hinges three-levers structure effectively amplifies the strain of the diaphragm and transfers to the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) which is pasted on the structure, and then the pressure can be measured by observing the central wavelength shift of FBG. The amplification principle of the three-levers structure is analyzed and optimized using the finite element methods. Then the sensor is manufactured and tested in the experiment. The results indicate that the sensitivity of the sensor reaches 4.37 p.m./kPa in the measurement range of 0–1.5 MPa. Meanwhile, another FBG is employed for monitoring temperature and eliminating the cross-sensitivity between temperature and strain. The temperature sensitivity is 11.09 p.m./°C in the range of 20–80 °C. The designed sensor exhibits higher sensitivity and can measure temperature and pressure simultaneously. It has a potential application prospect in the field of the pressure monitoring of oil and gas pipelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 132417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quasi-BIC mode and refractive index sensing by asymmetric silicon nanodisk arrays","authors":"Dongpeng Zhao , Xiangxian Wang , Yizhen Chen , Xijun Rao , Jiayao Gao , Yunping Qi , Hua Yang , Xianchuang Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a metasurface consisting of silicon nanodisk arrays periodically arranged on a silica substrate to excite quasi-bound states in the continuum(Q-BIC) modes. Through introducing symmetry breaking, the metasurface successfully excites Q-BIC modes with an exceptionally high quality factor(Q-factor). To further elucidate the generation mechanisms and the key factors contributing to the high Q-factor, the multipolar radiation characteristics, optical field distributions, and sensing performance are systematically investigated under three distinct symmetry-breaking configurations. The transmission spectra and electric field distributions, calculated using the finite-difference time-domain method, are complemented by the multipolar radiation theory, which provides profound insights into the underlying physical mechanisms and optical responses of structural symmetry breaking. The resonant peaks that emerge in the transmission spectra exhibit pronounced Fano line shapes that are characteristic of Q-BIC modes. Based on the advantage of optical field modulation enabled by the asymmetric silicon nanodisk array, we apply it to refractive index sensing. The metasurface delivers outstanding performance, exhibiting a maximum Q-factor of 81696 and a maximum sensitivity of 541 nm/RIU<sup>−1</sup> in the gas environment. These results confirm that the proposed metasurface sustains ultra-high-Q resonances with exceptional sensitivity, highlighting its significant potential for next-generation optical sensing and modulation technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 132421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenhong Wang, Jinhai Zhu, Yubo Ji, Jun Liu, Yufeng Song
{"title":"Versatile pulses and dynamic evolution in a 1.7-μm ultrafast Tm-doped fiber laser","authors":"Zhenhong Wang, Jinhai Zhu, Yubo Ji, Jun Liu, Yufeng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we have demonstrated the generation and observation of various pulse regimes in a 1.7-μm ultrafast thulium-doped all-fiber laser. In addition to stable single-pulse operation, two ordered types of multiple solitons, and chaotic pulses have been obtained at an appropriate polarization state with the increment of pump power. These pulse regimes operated across a wide range of pump powers and covered nearly the entire adjustable range of the pump power. When the pump power properly increased, the pulse regime evolved and reached the average output energy of approximately 11.64 nJ at the maximum pump power. These results highlight the versatility of the 1.7-μm fiber laser in controlling pulse modes, energy, and stability, and demonstrate its potential as a multifunctional light source for applications in biomedical imaging and optical communications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 132419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabry-Pérot etalon walk-off loss in ring cavities","authors":"U. Eismann","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fabry-Pérot etalons are widely used for laser frequency control. Inserting them in laser cavities imparts unavoidable walk-off loss and reduces the output power. Here, we treat the technology-relevant case of the walk-off loss of an etalon in a unidirectional ring cavity, which is a standard design of single-frequency lasers. We provide the theory background by discussing the analytic limits. The loss can be efficiently minimized by realignment, or by proper matching of the etalon’s surface reflectivity with its refractive index. We numerically calculate the loss in the region uncovered by the analytic limits. We discuss practical laser design considerations, and we perform a tilt-tuning experiment in a single-frequency, solid-state laser setup.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 132381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inverse design of multispectral metamaterials with laser-infrared-visible camouflage and thermal","authors":"Ya-Bo Lin, Shu-Wen Zheng, Meng-Dan Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of advanced detection technologies has made single-band camouflage materials ineffective. Therefore, it is necessary to develop infrared multi-band camouflage technology. Here, we propose a design method that combines genetic algorithm (GA) and rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) to achieve compatible camouflage across visible, near-infrared laser, and mid-infrared bands for a multilayer structure. By precisely controlling the thickness of the top layer material, this structure can exhibit different colors within the visible light band, thereby achieving a camouflage effect in the visible light band. Besides, the structure has high absorption in the laser band (α1.06 μm = 0.91, α1.55 μm = 0.99, α10.6 μm = 0.98), low emissivity in the infrared bands(α3-5μm = 0.29, α8-14μm = 0.29). The relatively high average emissivity in the non-atmospheric double-window band (ε2.5–3 μm = 0.41, ε5-8μm = 0.78) facilitate effective heat dissipation. This research provides a method for designing multi-spectral compatible camouflage technology which holds potential application value in military fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"595 ","pages":"Article 132394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}