{"title":"Improving the spatial resolution of full-field vibration measurements for hollow structures using a speckle compensation calibration method in multi-camera DIC","authors":"Yinhang Ma, Zhuoxuan Song, Yusheng Wang, Junnan Guan, Pengfei Zhu, Tengfei Zhang, Dong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a multi-pose speckle compensation calibration method to overcome the limitations of traditional multi-camera digital image correlation (DIC) systems, which heavily rely on large overlapping fields of view for external parameter calibration. Our method does not require auxiliary calibration equipment. By acquiring speckle images from multiple poses within the overlapping area, it can achieve precise coordinate unification even when the overlapping area is extremely small. The experiment conducted on ceramic plates verified the stitching accuracy of this method. The results show that, compared with the method based on the calibration plate, the errors of this method in the <em>x</em>, <em>y</em>, and <em>z</em> directions are all reduced by more than 50 %. A translation experiment on a hollow sailboard structure investigated the impact of different overlapping area selections on measurement accuracy. The results indicated that with only a two-pixel-wide overlap, the average error in static measurements could be controlled below 10 μm. In the dynamic hammering test of the sailboard, the deviation in natural frequency was less than 2 % compared to that measured by an eddy current sensor. This method optimizes the utilization of spatial resolution and is particularly effective for hollow structures with limited speckle coverage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 131865"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuangshuang Hui , Shuwen Cui , Junjie Zhang , Jicheng Wang
{"title":"Second-harmonic generation of trapezoidal grating lithium niobate films based on quasi-bound states in the continuous","authors":"Shuangshuang Hui , Shuwen Cui , Junjie Zhang , Jicheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optical second harmonics (SH) has important applications in many fields, such as micro-imaging techniques and extending the wavelength band of laser light sources. Lithium niobate (LiNbO<sub>3</sub>) can achieve a high SH conversion efficiency by its large second-order nonlinear coefficient. Conventional LiNbO<sub>3</sub> devices require long interaction lengths and meet phase matching requirements. Thin-film lithium niobium oxide enables better optical mode confinement and improves SH conversion efficiency. A distributed Bragg reflection trapezoidal grating SH- conversion device based on quasi-bound states of continuous LiNbO<sub>3</sub> thin films is designed. The device can generate narrow-band resonances with five high Q-factors over a broadband width of 500–800 nm. Based on the multistage expansion algorithm and the magnetic field map obtained by simulation, a suitable resonant mode is selected to obtain a higher SH generation efficiency. By rationally designing the structural parameters of the device as well as the incident light intensity, a high SH generation efficiency of up to 3.35 × 10<sup>−3</sup> can be obtained. As a result, our devices are designed for high efficiency, low loss and multi-band SH generation devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"586 ","pages":"Article 131843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Single-shot non-line-of-sight imaging based on the statistical average characteristics of a speckle pattern under ambient light","authors":"Junjie Zhou, Liang Yin, Minglong Hu, Shilin Ren, Yingchun Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenges of a small field of view (FOV) and multiple measurements in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging, we propose a method for reconstructing the target object based solely on a random speckle pattern captured by a camera with coherent illumination. Moreover, the imaging FOV is not limited by optical memory effect (OME). Our method is based on the statistical average characteristics of a speckle pattern, and the amplitude information of the object spectrum is extracted through the covariance of this speckle pattern to reconstruct the object. Experimental results demonstrate that our method reconstructed different objects of 1.2 cm in size which are a 2.4-fold OME range, at a distance of 45 cm from the highly scattering wall, with a resolution of approximately 225 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>. Furthermore, to address the issue of ambient light damaging the effective information in the speckle patterns, by combining with the first 21 Zernike polynomials, the object was reconstructed under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of −2.06 dB, promoting the application of our method in practical scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"586 ","pages":"Article 131847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scalable imaging through scattering media via physics-informed sparse optronic convolutional neural networks with knowledge distillation","authors":"Zicheng Huang, Luofei Tu, Zhishun Guo, Mengyang Shi, Yesheng Gao, Xingzhao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Imaging through scattering media is a significant challenge in optical research, and numerous approaches based on deep-learning (DL) have shown impressive progress. Recently, the optronic fully convolutional neural network (OP-FCNN) has demonstrated the potential of opto-electronic DL methods in this domain. However, OP-FCNN suffers from limited generalization due to its reliance on speckle-target training data and the absence of physical priors. Additionally, its deep structure and large number of parameters hinder practical implementation on optical platforms. In this paper, we propose a physics-informed sparse optronic convolutional neural network (PI-OPCNN) that integrates speckle-correlation physical theory with optical neural networks to enhance scalability and reduce network parameters through channel pruning and knowledge distillation. The method incorporates optical lens systems and spatial light modulators (SLMs) to perform speckle autocorrelation as the pre-processing step. Based on our previous work, we designed a U-type optronic convolutional neural network for target reconstruction and applied channel pruning to halve the number of convolutional channels. After fine-tuning with knowledge distillation, the pruned model achieves comparable reconstruction performance to the original while demonstrating high generalization across different diffusers and imaging positions. Experiments involving three diffusers and thirty imaging positions validate the scalability and lightweight characteristics of the proposed approach, highlighting its potential for designing efficient and scalable optical imaging systems for imaging through scattering media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 131809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ran An , Zhi-Yong Hu , Zi-Heng Zhang , Xue-Tao Jin , Xue-Qing Liu , Yan Wang , Yan-Hao Yu , Qi-Dai Chen
{"title":"Fabrication of bifocal curved compound eyes for large-DOF and wide-FOV imaging via femtosecond laser 3D printing","authors":"Ran An , Zhi-Yong Hu , Zi-Heng Zhang , Xue-Tao Jin , Xue-Qing Liu , Yan Wang , Yan-Hao Yu , Qi-Dai Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Miniature imaging systems are pivotal in applications such as medical endoscopes, micro-robotics, virtual reality, and military reconnaissance. Nonetheless, achieving both an extended depth of field and a broad field of view in compact imaging devices remains a significant challenge. In nature, the sub-eye of trilobite compound eye exhibits a remarkable structure that focuses incoming light onto two distinct focal planes, enabling the simultaneous detection of both proximate and distant objects. Drawing inspiration from trilobite compound eye, this study introduces an innovative bioinspired design featuring a bifocal curved compound eye, offering an enhanced depth of focus and an expansive field of view. Meanwhile, the focal lengths of sub-lenses with varying orientations are meticulously designed to ensure convergence on a common imaging plane, thereby addressing the challenge of detector reception. The compound lens is manufactured through femtosecond laser 3D printing technology to achieve high-fidelity profiles that match the design. Experimental results demonstrate that the compound lens can concurrently capture images with a 90° field of view from near (<200 μm) to far (>10 cm) objects, without the need for mechanical zoom mechanisms. This breakthrough provides fresh perspectives for future applications in micro-vision technologies, including medical diagnostics and reconnaissance robotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 131864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danqi Liang, Cheng Peng, Yuanyuan Lin, Bo Liu, Xiongjun Shang
{"title":"Polarization-multiplexed all-dielectric metasurfaces for anomalous transmission and airy beam generation","authors":"Danqi Liang, Cheng Peng, Yuanyuan Lin, Bo Liu, Xiongjun Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon-based metasurfaces exhibit significant potential for manipulating optical wavefronts across the visible and infrared wavelength ranges due to their compact size and compatibility with CMOS technology. However, previous research has predominantly focused on developing either monofunctional devices or switchable bifunctional devices. In this work, we propose a silicon-based bifunctional metasurface that demonstrates polarization-selective anomalous transmission and Airy beam shaping within the visible spectrum. The metasurface is composed of an array of 80 × 201 rectangular dielectric silicon elements deposited on a silicon dioxide substrate. We thoroughly analyze the relationship between phase shift and geometric dimensions to enable the successful design of the target metasurface. By carefully selecting the periodicity and geometry of the unit cell, we achieve anomalous transmission and Airy beam shaping for two orthogonal linear polarization states of normally incident light at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. Additionally, we also demonstrate a polarization-multiplexed function for anomalous transmission and autofocusing Airy beam using a similar concept. Our approach presents a novel paradigm for designing multifunctional optical devices that operate in the visible spectrum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 131813"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang Liu, Zhen Zhou, Yang Lu, Bo Yang, Shuna Yang, Yanrong Zhai, Yiran Gao, Hao Chi
{"title":"Photonic heterodyne mixing for angle of arrival estimation without direction ambiguity","authors":"Yang Liu, Zhen Zhou, Yang Lu, Bo Yang, Shuna Yang, Yanrong Zhai, Yiran Gao, Hao Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photonic methods for angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation have been widely proposed to achieve high-precision measurements over a wide bandwidth, aiming to overcome the limitations of traditional electronic methods. In this paper, we propose and experimentally verify a photonic heterodyne mixing approach for unambiguous estimation of angle-of-arrival (AOA). By employing optical down-conversion and reference phase comparison, our system effectively resolves phase ambiguity, achieving a 360°phase measurement range and extending the angle-of-arrival (AOA) measurement range to ±90°(180°total). The heterodyne mixing process enables simultaneous frequency estimation and phase discrimination, offering a dual-function solution for modern radar and wireless communication systems. Based on the experimental results, our system demonstrates an estimation error of less than 5.2°within the range of 0°to 360°and less than 2.8°within the range of ±100°.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 131810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photorefractive dark solitary wave formation in semiconductor GaAs/AlGaAs structures","authors":"Andrzej Ziółkowski, Ewa Weinert-Rączka","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dark photorefractive solitons generated in semiconductor materials can be used to induce optical waveguides, which could be a step towards the construction of reconfigurable optical circuits. Compared to bright solitons, dark solitons have the advantage of lower refractive index changes needed for their generation. The authors present results of research on the generation of dark spatial solitons in photorefractive semiconductor materials characterised by bipolar charge carrier transport and nonlinear electron transport. The study has been carried out for an external electric field of strength values lower than those applied in research on bright solitons. Three qualitatively different photorefractive responses have been distinguished in the outcome of the analysis, namely: a standard response, a nonlocal, strongly asymmetric response, and a response consisting in the generation and oscillation of charge carrier domains. The complex process of soliton formation has been discussed and the feasibility of extending the research to include the application-relevant, telecommunication wavelength band has been highlighted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 131857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Damián Gulich , Astrid Villamizar , N. Lucía Cap , Myrian Tebaldi
{"title":"Atmospheric turbulence characterization with optical vortex density","authors":"Damián Gulich , Astrid Villamizar , N. Lucía Cap , Myrian Tebaldi","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel approach to characterizing atmospheric turbulence through the analysis of optical vortex density. Using images propagated through a controlled turbulence chamber, we demonstrate a robust linear correlation (<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>9932</mn></mrow></math></span>) between vortex density and turbulence intensity. By applying Poincaré sphere filtering to isolate stable vortices, we enhance measurement accuracy and reliability. Experimental results reveal a robust linear relationship between vortex density and the refractive index structure constant, with a high goodness of fit. Experimental results validate the use of vortex density as a precise, non-intrusive metric for turbulence quantification, with significant potential applications in adaptive optics, free-space optical communications, and remote sensing. This approach offers a promising direction for atmospheric turbulence characterization, with scalability to natural environments and long-distance propagation scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 131826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia Ran , Wang Xiong , Shiwei Zhao , Yi Ren , Kunio Okimura
{"title":"A terahertz full-adder based on VO2-integrated cascaded metasurfaces","authors":"Jia Ran , Wang Xiong , Shiwei Zhao , Yi Ren , Kunio Okimura","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic terahertz(THz) metasurfaces(MSs) show great potential in future electromagnetic wave computing and communication applications. Here, we present the first THz complex logic operations for realizing full-adder operation based on electrically controlled vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>)-integrated cascaded MSs. Owing to insulator-to-metal phase transition (IMT) characteristics of VO<sub>2</sub>, MSs integrated with VO<sub>2</sub> thin film patches can act as switches to change transmittance of THz waves, achieving a high contrast ratio and enabling logic operations. The performance of cascaded MSs and the method of constructing the complex logic operations between multiple inputs and outputs are thoroughly discussed. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation results verify the performance of each MS of the proposed full-adder. Each logic gate constructed by MS has a compact size and contrast ratio greater than 15 dB at 0.66 THz for the output ‘‘1″ and ‘‘0″ states, and 16.9 dB for the ‘‘Sum’’ operation and 15.5 dB for the ‘‘Cout’’ operation. This kind of THz full-adder potentially promotes the design and implementation of multifunctional electron-photon devices in THz computing and communication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 131863"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}