Optical Materials最新文献

{"title":"Molybdenum-doped ZnO nanomaterials: A dual-function powerhouse for enhanced photocatalysis and antibacterial performance","authors":"S. Sargunavathi ,&nbsp;S. Balamurugan ,&nbsp;M. Tiffany ,&nbsp;T. Abisheik ,&nbsp;V. Pandiyan ,&nbsp;Krishnamoorthy Shanmugaraj ,&nbsp;Surya Chinnasamy ,&nbsp;Abdullah K. Alanazi ,&nbsp;Young-Ho Ahn ,&nbsp;Krishnakumar Balu","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dyes widely used across industries pose serious environmental and health risks due to toxic metals, aromatic amines, and formaldehyde derivatives. This study investigates a sustainable alternative by creating molybdenum (Mo)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with improved photocatalytic and antibacterial capabilities. Characterisation of structure, morphology, and optical properties was conducted using techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), indicated that Mo was successfully incorporated into ZnO. The photocatalytic performance was compared to three azo (–N<img>N–) dyes: Methylene Blue (10 ppm), Acid Black 1 (20 ppm), and Reactive Red 120 (50 ppm) under sunshine and UV-C irradiation at neutral pH. The 26.9 mol% Mo–ZnO catalyst achieved nearly 100 % degradation across all colours and demonstrated outstanding stability over four reuse cycles. Trapping investigations indicated that holes (h⁺) and hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) were the main reactive species. The GC-MS study confirmed that methylene blue was transformed into less toxic intermediates. Furthermore, the Mo–ZnO photocatalyst showed strong antibacterial action against <em>Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis,</em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</em> These results emphasise that Mo-doped ZnO nanoparticles have dual activity and practical potential for environmental remediation, particularly in wastewater treatment and antibacterial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 117463"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UV-guided enhanced green luminescence in Y2O3/ZnO:Tb3+ composite via induced defect state and applied for latent fingerprinting application","authors":"Prince Kumar ,&nbsp;P.K. Vishwakarma ,&nbsp;S.B. Rai ,&nbsp;A. Bahadur","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Y₂O₃/ZnO:Tb³⁺ composite was synthesized through the solid-state reaction method. XRD analysis confirms the phase formation corresponding to JCPDS #36–1451 (ZnO) and #43–1036 (α-Y₂O₃), revealing nano order crystallinity, negative strain, and 76:24 % occupancy of Y₂O₃/ZnO. The submicron-sized particles subsequently increased upon Tb³⁺ doping as shown in FE-SEM images. Elemental mapping and XPS analyses confirm the composition, oxidation state, and presence of oxygen vacancies. The DRS spectra show that the band gaps of Y₂O₃ &amp; ZnO are 5.28 eV and 3.27 eV, respectively. An intense green emission at 520 nm due to ZnO defect states and at 543 nm due to ⁵D₄→⁷F₅ transition was observed under λ_Ex = 378 and 305 nm, respectively. Interestingly, ZnO emits a broad band from 385 to 700 nm region through 378 or 340 nm excitations. The Tb³⁺ ion-induced tunability due to modification in defects, is well supported by decay analysis. The intense green and whitish green emission of Tb³⁺ ion and composite has been successfully applied in latent fingerprint detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 117466"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New derivatives of N,N′-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)benzidine for dopant-free organic light emitting diodes with low turn-on voltages","authors":"Audrius Bucinskas ,&nbsp;Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi ,&nbsp;Iryna Danyliv ,&nbsp;Khrystyna Ivaniuk ,&nbsp;Stepan Kutsiy ,&nbsp;Dmytro Volyniuk ,&nbsp;Ehsan Ullah Rashid ,&nbsp;Simona Giedraityte ,&nbsp;Pavlo Stakhira ,&nbsp;Juozas V. Grazulevicius","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>N,N′-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)benzidine (NPB) is a hole-transporter widely used in optoelectronic devices due to the low energetic disorder of its layers, high drift mobility of holes and suitable energy levels. In this work, new hole-transporting derivatives of NPB are developed with the aim of achieving lower ionization energies and the smooth transport of holes to the recombination sites of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Aiming at low turn-on voltages and enhanced efficiency and stability of the devices, electron-donating methoxy and dimethylamine groups are attached to the NPB core. The modification results in the manifestation of intramolecular charge transfer. While NPB is characterized by high crystallinity, the newly synthesized compounds are capable of the formation of molecular glasses. The compounds exhibit higher thermal stability (5 % weight loss at 388–411 °C) compared to that of NPB. The highest hole drift mobility of 1.85 × 10⁻³ cm²/V × s at the electric field of 2.5 × 10⁵ V/cm was detected for the compound with <em>para</em>-methoxy moieties. A series of doping-free OLEDs were fabricated to test the performance of the compounds as hole-transporting materials. It is demonstrated that turn-on voltages as low as 2.4 V can be achieved for the devices utilizing the layers of the synthesized hole-transporting compounds. Such low turn-on voltages are manifestation of the smooth barrierless charge transport necessary for high efficiency and operational stability of OLED. With another emitter chosen, namely CzPCN, the interface exciplexes between the hole-transporter and emitter were formed highlighting the same ability as for NPB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 117467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic nanoarchitectonics of CdX (X = Te, Se, and S) semiconductor nanoparticles: Shape and size effects","authors":"Le Thu Lam ,&nbsp;Nguyen Trong Tam ,&nbsp;Ho Khac Hieu","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a electronic nanoarchitectonics study of semiconductor nanoparticles using the bond energy model combined with tight-binding approximation. Analytical expressions of the band gap, conduction-band minimum, and valence-band maximum energies are formulated as functions of nanoparticle size and shape. Numerical computations are performed for CdTe, CdSe, and CdS nanoparticles with sizes up to 20 nm. Theoretical results are validated through comparisons with experimental data, demonstrating strong agreement. Our findings reveal a significant widening of the band gap as particle size decreases, particularly for sizes below 5 nm. For larger nanoparticles, the band gap gradually converges toward the bulk semiconductor limit. Our findings enhance the fundamental understanding of the nanoscale electronic properties of CdX (X = Se, Te, S) semiconductor nanoparticles and offer insights into precisely tuning the band gap energy and tailoring optical properties to architect electronic performance for specific applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 117448"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of sintering effect on photoresponse properties of narrow bandgap Sb2Te3 layers prepared by cost effective wet chemical technique","authors":"Maruti V. Salve ,&nbsp;Shivaji M. Sonawane ,&nbsp;Kalyan B. Chavan ,&nbsp;Priyanka U. Londhe ,&nbsp;Nandu B. Chaure","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thin films of Sb₂Te₃ were prepared by spin-coating a paste of hydrothermally synthesized Sb₂Te₃ onto FTO substrates and subsequently sintering in air at 250 °C and 350 °C. The influence of sintering on the structural, optical, morphological, compositional, electrical, and photoelectric response properties of Sb₂Te₃ thin films was studied. Structural analysis revealed a rhombohedral crystal structure for Sb₂Te₃ thin films, and notably, the crystallinity and crystallite size improved with increasing sintering temperatures. The optical bandgap was modified with sintering temperature from 0.64 to 0.67 eV. The Raman modes for the Sb₂Te₃ phase were observed, and the FWHM of the peaks decreased as the sintering temperature increased, indicating improved crystallinity. As the sintering temperature increased, the films exhibited larger grains and reduced voids owing to coalescence. The Sb₂Te₃ films exhibited a composition close to stoichiometric (Sb:Te = 40:60). The TEM images show that the as-synthesized Sb₂Te₃ powder exhibited nanoplate-like structures with irregular, hexagonal, and triangular faces. HRTEM and SAED patterns demonstrated the single-crystalline nature of the nanoplates. The surface oxidation states of Sb and Te in the Sb₂Te₃ films were examined using XPS. The electrical properties of Sb₂Te₃ films investigated using current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements showed improved electrical conductivity, carrier concentration, and flat band potential for the sample sintered at 350 °C. The photoresponse properties, such as responsivity, detectivity, and photocurrent, studied for different light intensities, were found to be improved for the sample sintered at 350 °C. The Sb₂Te₃ films sintered at 250 °C and 350 °C showed rise and decay times of 0.23 and 0.41 s, and 0.21 and 0.37 s, respectively, under a wideband photoresponse (398–1163 nm). These results demonstrate the potential of Sb₂Te₃ films for low-cost photodetector development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 117469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Ag/rGO structure formation on LSPR & photoluminescence properties of Ag nanocomposite glasses: Experimental & DFT analysis","authors":"M.S. Sutrisno ,&nbsp;M.K. Yaakob ,&nbsp;M.M. Naaim ,&nbsp;W.N. Zaharim ,&nbsp;E.S. Sazali ,&nbsp;H. Nurhafizah ,&nbsp;R. Hisam","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This investigation explores the optical and electronic modulation in 73.25TeO₂–20Li₂O–5Bi₂O₃–1Er₂O₃-0.75Ag-<em>x</em>rGO (0–50 mg) glasses with added reduced graphene oxide (rGO), examining the interplay between localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and photoluminescence (PL) enhancement/quenching. The SEM analysis demonstrates the rGO with its characteristic wrinkled and folded morphology, alongside irregularly shaped silver nanoparticles (AgNP) with diameters ranging from 124 nm to 194 nm. The Er³⁺ upconversion PL of both ⁴F_9/2 → ⁴I_15/2 (red) and ⁴S_3/2 → ⁴I_15/2 transition (green) luminescence intensity exhibits a general decrease until a minimum is observed at <em>x</em> = 30 mg. In parallel, the quantum yield <em>ξ</em> and relative intensity enhancement I/I_o of both red and green emission showed a quenching for all glass samples indicated from value of both parameters are not exceeding 1. Employing DFT computational techniques, the electronic structure alterations contributing to PL quenching especially in rGO added glass were computed by comparing between Ag and Ag/rGO hybrid structure deposited in the glass samples. The Ag/rGO system exhibits significant modifications in localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties due to strong hybridization between Ag d-orbitals and rGO π-orbitals between −4eV and −6eV evident from the broaden d-states and enhanced intensity, may enhanced charge transfer, and changes in the local dielectric environment. These interactions result in a redshift of the LSPR peak, increased UV absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) quenching in the visible range. The unique combination of suppressed radiative modes and enhanced non-radiative energy transfer highlights the potential of Ag/rGO nanocomposite glass for advanced plasmonic applications in sensing, catalysis, and optoelectronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 117465"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Band gap tuning and electrical enhancement in PVDF composites via impregnation of binuclear copper (II) complexes: Morphological, optical, and electrochemical insights","authors":"Chetan Chauhan ,&nbsp;Sunidhi ,&nbsp;Santosh Kumar ,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Tarun Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer-based dielectric materials are at the forefront of next-generation energy storage and optoelectronic technologies, owing to their greater flexibility, reliability, and high breakdown strength. In this work, we engineered advanced polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer -based composites by impregnating dinuclear copper(II) complexes: [Cu₂(3,5-DIFLB)₂(H₂<em>tea</em>)₂](H₂O) (<strong>1</strong>), [Cu₂(4-ClB)₂(H₂<em>tea</em>)₂](H₂O) (<strong>2</strong>), and [Cu₂(4-ETHB)₂(H₂<em>tea</em>)₂](H₂O)₂ (<strong>3</strong>), structurally reported by our group to strategically modulate the structural, optical, and electrochemical properties of isolated composites. Comprehensive characterization using FT-IR, PXRD, AFM, and FE-SEM unveils strong polymer-complex interactions, suppressed crystallinity, and increased surface roughness, all pointing to enhanced interfacial dynamics at heterojunctions. Morphological studies confirmed uniform dispersion of Cu (II) complexes in the matrix, while EDS mapping highlights excellent metal ion distribution. Optical tuning via diffuse reflectance spectroscopy reveals red-shifted absorption and notable band gap narrowing. Most notably, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrated a substantial boost in electrical performance, attributed to improved charge transport pathways and reduced polarization. These multifunctional composites present a compelling platform for high-performance, copper-integrated polymer systems tailored for future smart energy and electronic applications. In addition, we have performed density functional theory (DFT) frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to gain deeper insights into the electronic structure and dynamic stability of the composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 117462"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High humidity responsive cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film for anti-counterfeiting encryption applications","authors":"Xiandi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunlong Dong ,&nbsp;Yuzhou Chen ,&nbsp;Yongjun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cholesteric liquid crystal polymer network (CLCN) films exhibit broad application prospects in sensing, information encryption, and anti-counterfeiting due to their unique optical properties. However, traditional CLCN films suffer from a narrow tunable range of the central wavelength of the reflection band and low response sensitivity. This study designs a porous hydrogen-bonded CLCN film. By introducing hydrogen bonds, the film demonstrated hygroscopic properties after alkali treatment. Additionally, the removal of the non-reactive liquid crystal (LC) generates pores, which further enhances its moisture absorption ability and significantly expands the tunable range of the reflection band's central wavelength. The experimental results show that the prepared CLCN film can achieve a very large adjustable range of 303 nm at the center wavelength of the reflection band under the condition of relative humidity (RH) of 40 %–90 %, and can achieve a fast response of 5s. Additionally, based on acid-base reversibility, two anti-counterfeiting methods were designed. One is a reversible, repeatable single-state anti-counterfeiting approach, while the other is an irreversible, one-time dual-state anti-counterfeiting method. In summary, through ingenious chemical design of CLCN films, this work optimized humidity-responsive properties and innovated information encryption technology. It not only provides new insights for designing stimulus-responsive polymer materials but also opens new avenues for advancing information security and anti-counterfeiting technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 117461"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of thickness on the performance of sputtering deposited niobium-doped indium tin oxide transparent electrodes for perovskite solar cells","authors":"Wenlong Ji ,&nbsp;Ruixin Ma ,&nbsp;Shina Li ,&nbsp;Haojie Sun ,&nbsp;Yanran Li ,&nbsp;Kang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transparent electrodes made from indium tin oxide (ITO) show great promise for use in high-efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Nevertheless, improving the performance of ITO is crucial for enhancing the stability and efficiency of PSCs. In this work, transparent electrodes of varying thicknesses were made by depositing Niobium-doped ITO (ITO:Nb) using magnetron sputtering, and their impact on PSCs performance was investigated. We adjusted the film thickness and found that the ITO:Nb film with a thickness of 180 nm demonstrated excellent photoelectric performance, achieving 84.73 % average transmittance in the visible region and a sheet resistance of 23.67 Ω/sq. Corresponding PSCs using ITO:Nb electrodes achieved 21.15 % power conversion efficiency (PCE) with exceptional stability, retaining 85.49 % of initial PCE after 64 days at ambient aging. Our work provides a method to optimize the ITO transparent electrode and opens the way for the development of transparent electrodes in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 117457"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of lithium-ion coordination in GG–DMSO−LiBOB gel polymer electrolytes: A spectroscopic approach using FTIR deconvolution","authors":"Z.E. Rojudi ,&nbsp;N. Tamchek ,&nbsp;M.F. Shukur ,&nbsp;Z. Osman ,&nbsp;P.K. Singh ,&nbsp;I.M. Noor","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigates the molecular interactions and complexation behaviour within gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) composed of gellan gum (GG), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), with emphasis on their structural evolution as a function of salt concentration. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, including peak deconvolution was employed to elucidate the coordination mechanisms of Li⁺ cations with GG functional groups. The FTIR spectra reveal distinct shifts and intensity changes in the hydroxyl (OH), carbonyl (C<img>O), and carboxylate (COO⁻) vibrational modes, indicating successful complexation between Li⁺ cations and the oxygen-containing moieties of GG. Deconvoluted spectra further confirm the formation of H–O⋯Li⁺, C<img>O⋯Li⁺, and COO⁻⋯Li⁺ interactions. The coordination strength and number of free Li⁺ cations increased with LiBOB content, reaching an optimum at 13.08 wt% (S4 sample). Beyond which ion pair formation became dominant. Quantitative analysis of the free ion and ion pair fractions between 1850 and 1750 cm⁻¹ region supports this conclusion with the S4 sample exhibiting the highest free ion area fraction of 86.51 %. To validate the spectroscopic findings, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was conducted, revealing that the S4 sample also achieved the highest ionic conductivity of (4.76 ± 0.10) mS cm⁻¹ at room temperature. This strong correlation between FTIR and EIS results confirms the critical role of Li⁺−polymer coordination in governing charge transport. These findings demonstrate the GG−DMSO−LiBOB system as a tunable, sustainable, and high-performance GPE for next-generation electrochemical energy storage devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 117455"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}