OpticaPub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.1364/optica.514362
Jonathan W. Webb, Joseph Ho, Federico Grasselli, Gláucia Murta, Alexander Pickston, Andres Ulibarrena, Alessandro Fedrizzi
{"title":"Experimental anonymous quantum conferencing","authors":"Jonathan W. Webb, Joseph Ho, Federico Grasselli, Gláucia Murta, Alexander Pickston, Andres Ulibarrena, Alessandro Fedrizzi","doi":"10.1364/optica.514362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.514362","url":null,"abstract":"Anonymous quantum conference key agreement (AQCKA) allows a group of users within a network to establish a shared cryptographic key without revealing their participation. Although this can be achieved using bipartite primitives alone, it is costly in the number of network rounds required. By allowing the use of multi-partite entanglement, there is a substantial efficiency improvement. We experimentally implement the AQCKA task in a six-user quantum network using Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ)-state entanglement and obtain a significant resource cost reduction in line with theory when compared to a bipartite-only approach. We also demonstrate that the protocol retains an advantage in a four-user scenario with finite key effects taken into account.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OpticaPub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.1364/optica.515959
Siddhant Pandey, Liang Z. Tan, Francis Walz, Varun Makhija, Niranjan Shivaram
{"title":"Ultrafast temporal phase-resolved nonlinear optical spectroscopy in the molecular frame","authors":"Siddhant Pandey, Liang Z. Tan, Francis Walz, Varun Makhija, Niranjan Shivaram","doi":"10.1364/optica.515959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.515959","url":null,"abstract":"In an ultrafast nonlinear optical interaction, the electric field of the emitted nonlinear signal provides direct access to the induced nonlinear transient polarization or transient currents and thus carries signatures of ultrafast dynamics in a medium. Measurement of the electric field of such signals offers sensitive observables to track ultrafast electron dynamics in various systems. In this work, we resolve the real-time phase of the electric field of a femtosecond third-order nonlinear optical signal in the molecular frame. The electric field emitted from impulsively pre-aligned gas-phase molecules at room temperature, in a degenerate four-wave mixing scheme, is measured using a spectral interferometry technique. The nonlinear signal is measured around a rotational revival to extract its molecular-frame angle dependence from pump-probe time-delay scans. By comparing these measurements for two linear molecules, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, we show that the measured second-order phase parameter (temporal chirp) of the signal is sensitive to the valence electronic symmetry of the molecules, whereas the amplitude of the signal does not show such sensitivity. We compare measurements to theoretical calculations of the chirp observable in the molecular frame. This work is an important step towards using electric field measurements in nonlinear optical spectroscopy to study ultrafast dynamics of electronically excited molecules in the molecular frame.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OpticaPub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.1364/optica.518559
Courtney Johnson, Min Guo, Magdalena C. Schneider, Yijun Su, Satya Khuon, Nikolaj Reiser, Yicong Wu, Patrick La Riviere, Hari Shroff
{"title":"Phase-diversity-based wavefront sensing for fluorescence microscopy","authors":"Courtney Johnson, Min Guo, Magdalena C. Schneider, Yijun Su, Satya Khuon, Nikolaj Reiser, Yicong Wu, Patrick La Riviere, Hari Shroff","doi":"10.1364/optica.518559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.518559","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescence microscopy is an invaluable tool in biology, yet its performance is compromised when the wavefront of light is distorted due to optical imperfections or the refractile nature of the sample. Such optical aberrations can dramatically lower the information content of images by degrading the image contrast, resolution, and signal. Adaptive optics (AO) methods can sense and subsequently cancel the aberrated wavefront, but they are too complex, inefficient, slow, or expensive for routine adoption by most labs. Here, we introduce a rapid, sensitive, and robust wavefront sensing scheme based on phase diversity, a method successfully deployed in astronomy but underused in microscopy. Our method enables accurate wavefront sensing to less than <jats:italic>λ</jats:italic>/35 root mean square (RMS) error with few measurements, and AO with no additional hardware besides a corrective element. After validating the method with simulations, we demonstrate the calibration of a deformable mirror >hundredfold faster than comparable methods (corresponding to wavefront sensing on the ∼100ms scale), and sensing and subsequent correction of severe aberrations (RMS wavefront distortion exceeding <jats:italic>λ</jats:italic>/2), restoring diffraction-limited imaging on extended biological samples.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"209 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OpticaPub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1364/optica.528967
Christophe Dorrer, Prem Kumar, Guifang Li
{"title":"Collaborative publication of related articles puts focus on emerging topics: editorial","authors":"Christophe Dorrer, Prem Kumar, Guifang Li","doi":"10.1364/optica.528967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.528967","url":null,"abstract":"The editors of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Advances in Optics and Photonics</jats:italic> and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Optica</jats:italic> introduce a collaborative publishing effort that highlights emerging fields in ways that will benefit both new and seasoned researchers. In this first example, a tutorial and a mini-review cover the physics of second-order nonlinear interactions in dispersion-engineered nonlinear photonic devices.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OpticaPub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1364/optica.524431
Jiacheng Xie, Mohan Shen, Hong X. Tang
{"title":"Sub-terahertz optomechanics","authors":"Jiacheng Xie, Mohan Shen, Hong X. Tang","doi":"10.1364/optica.524431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.524431","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate optomechanics in the sub-terahertz regime. An optical racetrack resonator, patterned from thin-film lithium niobate, is suspended to support mechanical structures oscillating at these extremely high frequencies, which are read out through cavity optomechanical coupling. Our hybrid platform paves the way for advancing mechanical systems in the quantum regime at elevated temperatures.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141872981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep multiband photodetectors enabled by reconfigurable band alignment in van der Waals heterostructures","authors":"Jinjin Wang, Xiao Fu, Xiaolong Chen, Guanyu Liu, Qixiao Zhao, Hangyu Xu, Fansheng Chen, Jianbin Xu, Sang-Hoon Bae, Jiadong Zhou, Lixin Dong, Wenzhong Bao, Zengfeng Di, Jinshui Miao, Weida Hu","doi":"10.1364/optica.519888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.519888","url":null,"abstract":"Multiband recognition technology is being extensively investigated because of the increasing demand for on-chip, multifunctional, and sensitive devices that can distinguish coincident spectral information. Most existing multiband imagers use large arrays of photodetectors to capture different spectral components, from which their spectrum is reconstructed. A single device embedded with a convolutional neural network (CNN) capable of recognizing multiband photons allows the footprints of multiband recognition chips to be scaled down while achieving spectral resolution approaching that of benchtop systems. Here, we report a multiple and broadband photodetector based on 2D/3D van der Waals p/n/p heterostructures [p-germanium (Ge)/n-molybdenum disulfide (MoS<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>)/p-black phosphorus (bP)] with an electrically tunable transport-mediated spectral photoresponse. The devices show bias-tunable multiband photodetection (visible, short-wave infrared, and mid-wave infrared photoresponse). Further combination with the CNN algorithm enables crosstalk suppression of photoresponse to different wavelengths and high-accuracy blackbody radiation temperature recognition. The deep multiband photodetection strategies demonstrated in this work may open pathways towards the integration of multiband vision for application in on-chip neural network perception.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ptychographic imaging with a fiber endoscope via wavelength scanning","authors":"Kyriakos Skarsoulis, Konstantinos Makris, Christophe Moser, Demetri Psaltis","doi":"10.1364/optica.519965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.519965","url":null,"abstract":"Ptychography has become a popular computational imaging method for microscopy in recent years. In the present work we employ a wavelength scanning ptychography technique enhanced by neural networks for imaging with a fiber endoscope. Illumination of the object at various wavelengths is achieved using a single mode fiber, while a multicore fiber collects diffracted light from a distance. Using a U-Net multilayer convolutional neural network, the diffraction pattern is recovered at the far end of the multicore fiber from the recorded intensity pattern at the proximal end. With the recovered diffraction pattern in place, the phase object can be reconstructed using the ptychography algorithm. The quality of the object reconstruction improves with the number of wavelengths used. Comparison with an end-to-end neural network highlights the effectiveness and practicality of this two-step hybrid system. This alternative and simplified ptychographic endoscopy setup delivers noticeable improvements through neural networks and wavelength scanning.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OpticaPub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1364/optica.522380
Longlong Wu, Shinjae Yoo, Yong S. Chu, Xiaojing Huang, Ian K. Robinson
{"title":"Dose-efficient automatic differentiation for ptychographic reconstruction","authors":"Longlong Wu, Shinjae Yoo, Yong S. Chu, Xiaojing Huang, Ian K. Robinson","doi":"10.1364/optica.522380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.522380","url":null,"abstract":"Ptychography, as a powerful lensless imaging method, has become a popular member of the coherent diffractive imaging family over decades of development. The ability to utilize low-dose X-rays and/or fast scans offers a big advantage in a ptychographic measurement (for example, when measuring radiation-sensitive samples), but results in low-photon statistics, making the subsequent phase retrieval challenging. Here, we demonstrate a dose-efficient automatic differentiation framework for ptychographic reconstruction (DAP) at low-photon statistics and low overlap ratio. As no reciprocal space constraint is required in this DAP framework, the framework, based on various forward models, shows superior performance under these conditions. It effectively suppresses potential artifacts in the reconstructed images, especially for the inherent periodic artifact in a raster scan. We validate the effectiveness and robustness of this method using both simulated and measured datasets.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OpticaPub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.1364/optica.521088
Yusef Farah, Gabe Murray, Jeff Field, Maxine Varughese, Lang Wang, Olivier Pinaud, Randy Bartels
{"title":"Synthetic spatial aperture holographic third harmonic generation microscopy","authors":"Yusef Farah, Gabe Murray, Jeff Field, Maxine Varughese, Lang Wang, Olivier Pinaud, Randy Bartels","doi":"10.1364/optica.521088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.521088","url":null,"abstract":"Third harmonic generation (THG) provides a valuable, label-free approach to imaging biological systems. To date, THG microscopy has been performed using point-scanning methods that rely on intensity measurements lacking phase information of the complex field. We report the first demonstration, to the best of our knowledge, of THG holographic microscopy and the reconstruction of the complex THG signal field with spatial synthetic aperture imaging. Phase distortions arising from measurement-to-measurement fluctuations and imaging components cause optical aberrations in the reconstructed THG field. We have developed an aberration-correction algorithm that estimates and corrects these phase distortions to reconstruct the spatial synthetic aperture THG field without optical aberrations.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"209 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OpticaPub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.1364/optica.523846
Rui Ma, Ke Hai Luo, Sushil Pokharel, Zhao Wang, Olga Korotkova, Jing Song He, Wei Li Zhang, Dian Yuan Fan, Anderson S. L. Gomes, and Jun Liu
{"title":"Orbital-angular-momentum-dependent speckles for spatial mode sorting and demultiplexing","authors":"Rui Ma, Ke Hai Luo, Sushil Pokharel, Zhao Wang, Olga Korotkova, Jing Song He, Wei Li Zhang, Dian Yuan Fan, Anderson S. L. Gomes, and Jun Liu","doi":"10.1364/optica.523846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.523846","url":null,"abstract":"Characterizing the orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) modes is critically important for OAM-encoded data transfer. However, traditional characterizing approaches rely on either complex and precise experimental configurations or complicated prior information processing. In these scenarios, the correlation features of OAM-dependent speckles from the scattering effect have received little attention. Here, we investigate the cross-correlation characteristics of the OAM speckles resulting from a scattering medium and propose an appealing alternative for spatial mode sorting and demultiplexing based on the OAM-dependent speckles. We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that the cross-correlation operation between two different OAM-dependent speckles can uniformly derive an annulus pattern, whose dimension is determined by the absolute topological charge difference value between the two corresponding OAM modes. Based on this mechanism, the original coherent OAM modes can be easily sorted by implementing the cross-correlation operation between incoherently measured OAM-dependent speckles. To fully capitalize on the orthogonal feature of the OAM-dependent speckles, we also construct OAM mode demultiplexing experiments using a ground glass diffuser, where both 8-bit grayscale and 24-bit RGB OAM-encoded data demultiplexing are successfully demonstrated with superior error rates. Results show that the OAM-dependent speckles, previously treated as a nuisance for practical applications, can be surprisingly utilized as a competitive candidate for OAM mode sorting and demultiplexing, thus opening new directions in optical communication and information processing.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140637642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}