Optica最新文献_第4页

T staging esophageal tumors with x rays 用X射线对食管肿瘤进行T分期

IF 10.4 1区物理与天体物理

Optica Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1364/optica.501948

T. Partridge, P. Wolfson, J. Jiang, L. Massimi, A. Astolfo, N. Djurabekova, S. Savvidis, C. J. Maughan Jones, C. K. Hagen, E. Millard, W. Shorrock, R. M. Waltham, I. G. Haig, D. Bate, K. M. A. Ho, H. Mc Bain, A. Wilson, A. Hogan, H. Delaney, A. Liyadipita, A. P. Levine, K. Dawas, B. Mohammadi, Y. A. Qureshi, M. D. Chouhan, S. A. Taylor, M. Mughal, P. R. T. Munro, M. Endrizzi, M. Novelli, et al.

{"title":"T staging esophageal tumors with x rays","authors":"T. Partridge, P. Wolfson, J. Jiang, L. Massimi, A. Astolfo, N. Djurabekova, S. Savvidis, C. J. Maughan Jones, C. K. Hagen, E. Millard, W. Shorrock, R. M. Waltham, I. G. Haig, D. Bate, K. M. A. Ho, H. Mc Bain, A. Wilson, A. Hogan, H. Delaney, A. Liyadipita, A. P. Levine, K. Dawas, B. Mohammadi, Y. A. Qureshi, M. D. Chouhan, S. A. Taylor, M. Mughal, P. R. T. Munro, M. Endrizzi, M. Novelli, et al.","doi":"10.1364/optica.501948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.501948","url":null,"abstract":"With histopathology results typically taking several days, the ability to stage tumors during interventions could provide a step change in various cancer interventions. X-ray technology has advanced significantly in recent years with the introduction of phase-based imaging methods. These have been adapted for use in standard labs rather than specialized facilities such as synchrotrons, and approaches that enable fast 3D scans with conventional x-ray sources have been developed. This opens the possibility to produce 3D images with enhanced soft tissue contrast at a level of detail comparable to histopathology, in times sufficiently short to be compatible with use during surgical interventions. In this paper we discuss the application of one such approach to human esophagi obtained from esophagectomy interventions. We demonstrate that the image quality is sufficiently high to enable tumor rm T<script type=\"math/tex\">rm T</script> staging based on the x-ray datasets alone. Alongside detection of involved margins with potentially life-saving implications, staging tumors intra-operatively has the potential to change patient pathways, facilitating optimization of therapeutic interventions during the procedure itself. Besides a prospective intra-operative use, the availability of high-quality 3D images of entire esophageal tumors can support histopathological characterization, from enabling “right slice first time” approaches to understanding the histopathology in the full 3D context of the surrounding tumor environment.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140621604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Depth-dependent scaling of axial distances in light microscopy 光学显微镜中轴向距离的深度缩放

IF 10.4 1区物理与天体物理

Optica Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1364/optica.520595

S. V. Loginov, D. B. Boltje, M. N. F. Hensgens, J. P. Hoogenboom, and E. B. van der Wee

{"title":"Depth-dependent scaling of axial distances in light microscopy","authors":"S. V. Loginov, D. B. Boltje, M. N. F. Hensgens, J. P. Hoogenboom, and E. B. van der Wee","doi":"10.1364/optica.520595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.520595","url":null,"abstract":"In volume fluorescence microscopy, refractive index matching is essential to minimize aberrations. There are, however, common imaging scenarios where a refractive index mismatch (RIM) between immersion and a sample medium cannot be avoided. This RIM leads to an axial deformation in the acquired image data. Over the years, different axial scaling factors have been proposed to correct for this deformation. While some reports have suggested a depth-dependent axial deformation, so far none of the scaling theories has accounted for a depth-dependent, non-linear scaling. Here, we derive an analytical theory based on determining the leading constructive interference band in the objective lens pupil under RIM. We then use this to calculate a depth-dependent re-scaling factor as a function of the numerical aperture (NA), the refractive indices {n_1}<script type=\"math/tex\">{n_1}</script> and {n_2}<script type=\"math/tex\">{n_2}</script>, and the wavelength lambda<script type=\"math/tex\">lambda</script>. We compare our theoretical results with wave-optics calculations and experimental results obtained using a measurement scheme for different values of NA and RIM. As a benchmark, we recorded multiple datasets in different RIM conditions, and corrected these using our depth-dependent axial scaling theory. Finally, we present an online web applet that visualizes the depth-dependent axial re-scaling for specific optical setups. In addition, we provide software that will help microscopists to correctly re-scale the axial dimension in their imaging data when working under RIM.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140621516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single-shot characterization of photon indistinguishability with dielectric metasurfaces 介电元表面光子不可分性的单次表征

IF 10.4 1区物理与天体物理

Optica Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1364/optica.516064

Jihua Zhang, Jinyong Ma, Neuton Li, Shaun Lung, Andrey A. Sukhorukov

{"title":"Single-shot characterization of photon indistinguishability with dielectric metasurfaces","authors":"Jihua Zhang, Jinyong Ma, Neuton Li, Shaun Lung, Andrey A. Sukhorukov","doi":"10.1364/optica.516064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.516064","url":null,"abstract":"Characterizing the indistinguishability of photons is a key task in quantum photonics, underpinning the tuning and stabilization of the photon sources and thereby increasing the accuracy of quantum operations. The protocols for measuring the degree of indistinguishability conventionally require photon-coincidence measurements at several different time or phase delays, which is a fundamental bottleneck towards fast measurements and real-time monitoring of indistinguishability. Here, we develop a static dielectric metasurface grating without any reconfigurable elements that realizes a tailored multiport transformation in the free-space configuration without the need for phase locking and enables single-shot characterization of the indistinguishability between two photons in multiple degrees of freedom including time, spectrum, spatial modes, and polarization. Topology optimization is employed to design a silicon metasurface with polarization independence, high transmission, and high tolerance to measurement noise. We fabricate the metasurface and experimentally quantify the indistinguishability of photons in the time domain with fidelity over 98.4%. We anticipate that the developed framework based on ultrathin metasurfaces can be further extended for multi-photon states and additional degrees of freedom associated with spatial modalities.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultralow noise microwave synthesis via difference frequency division of a Brillouin resonator 通过布里渊谐振器的差分频率进行超低噪声微波合成

IF 10.4 1区物理与天体物理

Optica Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1364/optica.515321

William Loh, Dodd Gray, Reed Irion, Owen May, Connor Belanger, Jason Plant, Paul W. Juodawlkis, and Siva Yegnanarayanan

{"title":"Ultralow noise microwave synthesis via difference frequency division of a Brillouin resonator","authors":"William Loh, Dodd Gray, Reed Irion, Owen May, Connor Belanger, Jason Plant, Paul W. Juodawlkis, and Siva Yegnanarayanan","doi":"10.1364/optica.515321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.515321","url":null,"abstract":"Low phase noise microwave oscillators are at the center of a multitude of applications that span the gamut of photonics and electronics. Within this space, optically derived approaches to microwave frequency synthesis are particularly compelling owing to their unique combination of ultrawideband frequency access and the potential for resiliency to temperature and environmental perturbation via common-mode noise rejection. We demonstrate here an optical frequency divider that uses the 30 terahertz frequency gap between two stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) lasers as the basis for frequency division. The resulting microwave signal, centered at 10 GHz frequency, exhibits exceptionally low phase noise levels of −95dBc/Hz<script type=\"math/tex\">{-}{95};{rm dBc/Hz}</script> and −110dBc/Hz<script type=\"math/tex\">{-}{110};{rm dBc/Hz}</script> at 10 Hz and 100 Hz frequency offset, respectively. Moreover, the two SBS lasers, generated from a common fiber resonator, exhibit a high degree of correlated noise cancellation in their frequency difference. We measure 16.1 dB of noise rejection against intentionally applied vibrations, thus showcasing a promising pathway towards portable and robust ultralow noise photonic-microwave synthesis.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140538121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transport-of-intensity model for single-mask x-ray differential phase contrast imaging 单掩膜 X 射线差分相衬成像的强度传输模型

IF 10.4 1区物理与天体物理

Optica Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1364/optica.510537

Jingcheng Yuan and Mini Das

{"title":"Transport-of-intensity model for single-mask x-ray differential phase contrast imaging","authors":"Jingcheng Yuan and Mini Das","doi":"10.1364/optica.510537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.510537","url":null,"abstract":"X-ray phase contrast imaging holds great promise for improving the visibility of light-element materials such as soft tissues and tumors. The single-mask differential phase contrast imaging method stands out as a simple and effective approach to yield differential phase contrast. In this work, we introduce a model for a single-mask phase imaging system based on the transport-of-intensity equation. Our model provides an accessible understanding of signal and contrast formation in single-mask x-ray phase imaging, offering a clear perspective on the image formation process, for example, the origin of alternate bright and dark fringes in phase contrast intensity images. Aided by our model, we present an efficient retrieval method that yields differential phase contrast imagery in a single acquisition step. Our model gives insight into the contrast generation and its dependence on the system geometry and imaging parameters in both the initial intensity image as well as retrieved images. The model validity as well as the proposed retrieval method are demonstrated via both experimental results on a system developed in house as well as Monte Carlo simulations. In conclusion, our work not only provides a model for an intuitive visualization of image formation but also offers a method to optimize differential phase imaging setups, holding tremendous promise for advancing medical diagnostics and other applications.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140352220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Broadband near-ultraviolet dual comb spectroscopy 宽带近紫外双梳光谱仪

IF 10.4 1区物理与天体物理

Optica Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1364/optica.516783

Lukas Fürst, Adrian Kirchner, Alexander Eber, Florian Siegrist, Robert di Vora, and Birgitta Bernhardt

引用次数: 0

High-efficiency high-numerical-aperture metalens designed by maximizing the efficiency limit 最大限度提高效率极限而设计的高效率高数值孔径金属透镜

IF 10.4 1区物理与天体物理

Optica Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1364/optica.514907

Shiyu Li, Ho-Chun Lin, and Chia Wei Hsu

{"title":"High-efficiency high-numerical-aperture metalens designed by maximizing the efficiency limit","authors":"Shiyu Li, Ho-Chun Lin, and Chia Wei Hsu","doi":"10.1364/optica.514907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.514907","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical bounds are commonly used to assess the limitations of photonic design. Here we introduce a more active way to use theoretical bounds, integrating them into part of the design process and identifying optimal system parameters that maximize the efficiency limit itself. As an example, we consider wide-field-of-view high-numerical-aperture metalenses, which can be used for high-resolution imaging in microscopy and endoscopy, but no existing design has achieved a high efficiency. By choosing aperture sizes to maximize an efficiency bound, setting the thickness according to a thickness bound, and then performing inverse design, we come up with high-numerical-aperture (NA=0.9<script type=\"math/tex\">{rm NA} = {0.9}</script>) metalens designs with, to our knowledge, record-high 98% transmission efficiency and 92% Strehl ratio across all incident angles within a 60° field of view, reaching the maximized bound. This maximizing-efficiency-limit approach applies to any multi-channel system and can help a wide range of optical devices reach their highest possible performance.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140322032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scalable machine learning-assisted clear-box characterization for optimally controlled photonic circuits 用于优化控制光子电路的可扩展机器学习辅助清盒鉴定

IF 10.4 1区物理与天体物理

Optica Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1364/optica.512148

Andreas Fyrillas, Olivier Faure, Nicolas Maring, Jean Senellart, and Nadia Belabas

{"title":"Scalable machine learning-assisted clear-box characterization for optimally controlled photonic circuits","authors":"Andreas Fyrillas, Olivier Faure, Nicolas Maring, Jean Senellart, and Nadia Belabas","doi":"10.1364/optica.512148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.512148","url":null,"abstract":"Photonic integrated circuits offer a compact and stable platform for generating, manipulating, and detecting light. They are instrumental for classical and quantum applications. Imperfections stemming from fabrication constraints, tolerances, and operation wavelength impose limitations on the accuracy and thus utility of current photonic integrated devices. Mitigating these imperfections typically necessitates a model of the underlying physical structure and the estimation of parameters that are challenging to access. Direct solutions are currently lacking for mesh configurations extending beyond trivial cases. We introduce a scalable and innovative method to characterize photonic chips through an iterative machine learning-assisted procedure. Our method is based on a clear-box approach that harnesses a fully modeled virtual replica of the photonic chip to characterize. The process is sample-efficient and can be carried out with a continuous-wave laser and powermeters. The model estimates individual passive phases, crosstalk, beamsplitter reflectivity values, and relative input/output losses. Building upon the accurate characterization results, we mitigate imperfections to enable enhanced control over the device. We validate our characterization and imperfection mitigation methods on a 12-mode Clements-interferometer equipped with 126 phase shifters, achieving beyond state-of-the-art chip control with an average 99.77% amplitude fidelity on 100 implemented Haar-random unitary matrices.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140164633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sculpting harmonic comb states in terahertz quantum cascade lasers by controlled engineering 通过受控工程雕刻太赫兹量子级联激光器中的谐波组合态

IF 10.4 1区物理与天体物理

Optica Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1364/optica.509929

Elisa Riccardi, M. Alejandro Justo Guerrero, Valentino Pistore, Lukas Seitner, Christian Jirauschek, Lianhe Li, A. Giles Davies, Edmund H. Linfield, and Miriam S. Vitiello

{"title":"Sculpting harmonic comb states in terahertz quantum cascade lasers by controlled engineering","authors":"Elisa Riccardi, M. Alejandro Justo Guerrero, Valentino Pistore, Lukas Seitner, Christian Jirauschek, Lianhe Li, A. Giles Davies, Edmund H. Linfield, and Miriam S. Vitiello","doi":"10.1364/optica.509929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.509929","url":null,"abstract":"Optical frequency combs (OFCs), which establish a rigid phase-coherent link between the microwave and optical domains of the electromagnetic spectrum, are emerging as key high-precision tools for the development of quantum technology platforms. These include potential applications for communication, computation, information, sensing, and metrology and can extend from the near-infrared with micro-resonator combs, up to the technologically attractive terahertz (THz) frequency range, with powerful and miniaturized quantum cascade laser (QCL) FCs. The recently discovered ability of the QCLs to produce a harmonic frequency comb (HFC)—a FC with large intermodal spacings—has attracted new interest in these devices for both applications and fundamental physics, particularly for the generation of THz tones of high spectral purity for high data rate wireless communication networks, for radio frequency arbitrary waveform synthesis, and for the development of quantum key distributions. The controlled generation of harmonic states of a specific order remains, however, elusive in THz QCLs. Here, and by design, we devise a strategy to obtain broadband HFC emission of a pre-defined order in a QCL. By patterning n<script type=\"math/tex\">n</script> regularly spaced defects on the top surface of a double-metal Fabry–Perot QCL, we demonstrate harmonic comb emission with modes spaced by an (n + 1<script type=\"math/tex\">n + 1</script>) free spectral range and with an optical power/mode of {sim}{270};unicode{x00B5} {rm W}<script type=\"math/tex\">{sim}{270};unicode{x00B5} {rm W}</script>.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140164591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-resolution ptychographic imaging at a seeded free-electron laser source using OAM beams 利用 OAM 光束在种子自由电子激光源上进行高分辨率层析成像

IF 10.4 1区物理与天体物理

Optica Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1364/optica.509745

Matteo Pancaldi, Francesco Guzzi, Charles S. Bevis, Michele Manfredda, Jonathan Barolak, Stefano Bonetti, Iuliia Bykova, Dario De Angelis, Giovanni De Ninno, Mauro Fanciulli, Luka Novinec, Emanuele Pedersoli, Arun Ravindran, Benedikt Rösner, Christian David, Thierry Ruchon, Alberto Simoncig, Marco Zangrando, Daniel E. Adams, Paolo Vavassori, Maurizio Sacchi, George Kourousias, Giulia F. Mancini, and Flavio Capotondi

{"title":"High-resolution ptychographic imaging at a seeded free-electron laser source using OAM beams","authors":"Matteo Pancaldi, Francesco Guzzi, Charles S. Bevis, Michele Manfredda, Jonathan Barolak, Stefano Bonetti, Iuliia Bykova, Dario De Angelis, Giovanni De Ninno, Mauro Fanciulli, Luka Novinec, Emanuele Pedersoli, Arun Ravindran, Benedikt Rösner, Christian David, Thierry Ruchon, Alberto Simoncig, Marco Zangrando, Daniel E. Adams, Paolo Vavassori, Maurizio Sacchi, George Kourousias, Giulia F. Mancini, and Flavio Capotondi","doi":"10.1364/optica.509745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.509745","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic waves possessing orbital angular momentum (OAM) are powerful tools for applications in optical communications, quantum technologies, and optical tweezers. Recently, they have attracted growing interest since they can be harnessed to detect peculiar helical dichroic effects in chiral molecular media and in magnetic nanostructures. In this work, we perform single-shot per position ptychography on a nanostructured object at a seeded free-electron laser, using extreme ultraviolet OAM beams of different topological charge orders ℓ<script type=\"math/tex\">ell</script> generated with spiral zone plates. By controlling ℓ<script type=\"math/tex\">ell</script>, we demonstrate how the structural features of OAM beam profiles determine an improvement of about 30% in image resolution with respect to conventional Gaussian beam illumination. This result extends the capabilities of coherent diffraction imaging techniques, and paves the way for achieving time-resolved high-resolution (below 100 nm) microscopy on large area samples.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140161809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0