{"title":"Generating cylindrical vector\u0000 γ\u0000 rays via beam–target interactions: toward structured light at high energies","authors":"Yue Cao, Kun Xue, Si-Man Liu, Zhong-Peng Li, Li-Xiang Hu, Xin-Yu Liu, Zhen-Ke Dou, Feng Wan, Qian Zhao, Tong-Pu Yu, Jian-Xing Li","doi":"10.1364/optica.612330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.612330","url":null,"abstract":"Structured <jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> rays, particularly cylindrical vector <jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> rays, offer promising tools for subnuclear imaging and polarization-sensitive probes in fundamental research and applications, but conventional optical methods face great challenges at such photon energies. Here, we put forward a novel method, to our knowledge, for generating such <jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> rays through relativistic beam–target interactions. For instance, radially polarized <jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> rays can be generated by using a dense electron beam striking a multifoil target. We find that the radial polarization is transferred from the generated coherent transition radiation (CTR) fields to <jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> photons through nonlinear Compton scattering, with the high polarization preserved by phase matching. Three-dimensional spin-resolved simulations demonstrate radial polarization degrees approaching 60%. Furthermore, these <jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> rays can decay into azimuthally spin-polarized positrons via the nonlinear Breit–Wheeler process, with their spins aligning along the CTR magnetic field. Our work extends the concept of structured light into the <jats:italic>γ</jats:italic> -ray regime, offering new prospects for broad fields such as nuclear structure probing, fundamental symmetries tests, polarization-sensitive studies in extreme conditions, and laboratory astrophysical observations.","PeriodicalId":19515,"journal":{"name":"Optica","volume":"466 1","pages":"2171"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149150313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}