Yangyang Liu, Shima Gholam-Mirzaei, Dipendra Khatri, Tran-Chau Truong, Troie D. Journigan, Christian Cabello, Christopher Lantigua, André Staudte, Paul B. Corkum, Michael Chini
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Field-resolved space–time characterization of few-cycle structured light pulses
Accompanied by the rapid development of ultrafast laser platforms in recent decades, the spatiotemporal manipulation of ultrashort laser pulses has attracted much attention due to the potential for cutting-edge applications of structured light, including optical tweezers, optical communications, super-resolution imaging, time-resolved spectroscopy in molecules and quantum materials, and strong-field physics. Today, techniques capable of characterizing the full spatial, temporal, and polarization state properties of structured light are strongly desired. Here, we demonstrate a technique, termed 3D TIPTOE, for characterizing structured mid-infrared waveforms, which uses only a two-dimensional silicon-based image sensor as both the detector and the nonlinear medium. By combining the advantages of the sub-cycle time resolution afforded by nonlinear excitation and the spatial resolution inherent to the two-dimensional sensor, the 3D TIPTOE technique allows full characterization of structured electric fields, significantly reducing the complexity of detection compared to other techniques. The validity of the technique is established by measuring both few-cycle Bessel–Gaussian pulses and radially polarized femtosecond vector beams.
期刊介绍:
Optica is an open access, online-only journal published monthly by Optica Publishing Group. It is dedicated to the rapid dissemination of high-impact peer-reviewed research in the field of optics and photonics. The journal provides a forum for theoretical or experimental, fundamental or applied research to be swiftly accessed by the international community. Optica is abstracted and indexed in Chemical Abstracts Service, Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences, and Science Citation Index Expanded.