Ophthalmology. Retina最新文献

{"title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Age-Related Macular Degeneration Incidence","authors":"Shahin Hallaj MD, Takashi Nishida MD, PhD, Alireza Kamalipour MD, MPH, Christopher A. Longhurst MD, MS, William R. Freeman MD, Sally L. Baxter MD, MSc, Aaron Boussina PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.05.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) use and the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and neovascular AMD (nAMD) among adults with diabetes.</div></div><div>To evaluate the association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) use and the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and neovascular AMD (nAMD) among adults with diabetes.</div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective, propensity score–matched cohort study.</div></div><div>Retrospective, propensity score–matched cohort study.</div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Adults with diabetes who initiated a GLP-1RA or another noninsulin antidiabetic agent. In Epic Cosmos, 2 797 686 GLP-1RA users were matched 1:1 to 2 797 686 active comparators.</div></div><div>Adults with diabetes who initiated a GLP-1RA or another noninsulin antidiabetic agent. In Epic Cosmos, 2 797 686 GLP-1RA users were matched 1:1 to 2 797 686 active comparators.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed de-identified electronic health record data from Epic Cosmos and independently replicated the primary analyses in the University of California Health Data Warehouse. Individuals with prevalent AMD or nAMD and those with prior anti-VEGF treatment were excluded. One-to-one nearest-neighbor propensity score matching balanced demographics, diabetes duration, comorbidities, smoking, diabetic retinopathy, obesity, and eye-care utilization. Cumulative incidence at 1, 5, and 10 years was estimated using Kaplan–Meier methods, and adjusted associations were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.</div></div><div>We analyzed de-identified electronic health record data from Epic Cosmos and independently replicated the primary analyses in the University of California Health Data Warehouse. Individuals with prevalent AMD or nAMD and those with prior anti-VEGF treatment were excluded. One-to-one nearest-neighbor propensity score matching balanced demographics, diabetes duration, comorbidities, smoking, diabetic retinopathy, obesity, and eye-care utilization. Cumulative incidence at 1, 5, and 10 years was estimated using Kaplan–Meier methods, and adjusted associations were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.</div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Incidence of any AMD and nAMD.</div></div><div>Incidence of any AMD and nAMD.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the matched Epic Cosmos cohort (total N = 5 595 372), GLP-1RA use was associated with lower cumulative incidence of any AMD at 1 year (0.187% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.182%–0.192%] vs. 0.294% [95% CI, 0.287%–0.301%]), 5 years (0.924% [95% CI, 0.907%–0.941%] vs. 1.278% [95% CI, 1.260%–1.296%]), and 10 years (5.561% [95% CI, 4.719%–6.549%] vs. 6.540% [95% CI, 6.017%–7.108%]); all <em>P</em> < 0.001. Unadjusted cumulative incidence of nAMD was also lower among GLP-1RA users at 1 year (0.047% vs. 0.065%), 5 years","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 10","pages":"Pages 1017-1026"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macular Buckling During Silicone Oil Removal in Pathologic Myopia with Macular Detachment or Persistent Macular Hole","authors":"Gangan Sun MS, Jinlian Zhan MD, Xinyu Xu BS, Xia Huang MS, Lin Lu MD, PhD, Xiujuan Zhao MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.05.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.05.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate anatomic and functional outcomes of macular buckling (MB) performed during silicone oil removal in highly myopic eyes with persistent macular retinal detachment (RD), with or without macular hole (MH), after prior pars plana vitrectomy.</div></div><div>To evaluate anatomic and functional outcomes of macular buckling (MB) performed during silicone oil removal in highly myopic eyes with persistent macular retinal detachment (RD), with or without macular hole (MH), after prior pars plana vitrectomy.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective consecutive case series included 62 highly myopic eyes with silicone oil tamponade and persistent or recurrent macular detachment after vitrectomy. Eyes were classified as having MH–related RD (MH-RD, n = 51) or tractional RD (TRD, n = 11). All eyes underwent MB with silicone oil removal. The primary outcomes were retinal reattachment at 1 year and successful silicone oil removal at final follow-up, defined as an oil-free status without reinjection. Secondary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and MH status at 1 year.</div></div><div>This retrospective consecutive case series included 62 highly myopic eyes with silicone oil tamponade and persistent or recurrent macular detachment after vitrectomy. Eyes were classified as having MH–related RD (MH-RD, n = 51) or tractional RD (TRD, n = 11). All eyes underwent MB with silicone oil removal. The primary outcomes were retinal reattachment at 1 year and successful silicone oil removal at final follow-up, defined as an oil-free status without reinjection. Secondary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and MH status at 1 year.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Retinal reattachment at 1 year was achieved in 59 of 62 eyes (95.2%), including 48 of 51 MH-RD eyes (94.1%) and all 11 TRD eyes (100%). Silicone oil was successfully removed in 50 eyes (80.6%). Among MH-RD eyes, 43 (84.3%) achieved type 2 MH closure, whereas 8 (15.7%) remained unclosed; no cases of type 1 closure were observed. Despite the absence of complete hole closure, durable retinal reattachment was maintained in the majority of MH-RD eyes. BCVA improved significantly in the MH-RD group (from 1.57 ± 0.50 to 1.31 ± 0.48 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, <em>P</em> = 0.005), but not in the TRD group (<em>P</em> = 0.139).</div></div><div>Retinal reattachment at 1 year was achieved in 59 of 62 eyes (95.2%), including 48 of 51 MH-RD eyes (94.1%) and all 11 TRD eyes (100%). Silicone oil was successfully removed in 50 eyes (80.6%). Among MH-RD eyes, 43 (84.3%) achieved type 2 MH closure, whereas 8 (15.7%) remained unclosed; no cases of type 1 closure were observed. Despite the absence of complete hole closure, durable retinal reattachment was maintained in the majority of MH-RD eyes. BCVA improved significantly in the MH-RD group (from 1.57 ± 0.50 to 1.31 ± 0.48 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, <em>P</em> = 0.005),","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 10","pages":"Pages 993-999"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral Retinal Angiopathy Associated with COL4A1 Mutation","authors":"Prithvi Ramtohul MD, Kevin Mairot MD, Thierry David MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 10","pages":"Page e127"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Macular Cherry-Red Spots in Infantile Sandhoff Disease","authors":"Kaixuan Cui MD, PhD, Zhenquan Wu MD, PhD, Guoming Zhang MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 10","pages":"Page e131"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146213582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marginal Outer Retinal Ridge after Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair","authors":"Koby Brosh MD, MHA, Eduardo Roditi MD, Mordechai Goldberg MD, David Zadok MD, MHA, Rajeev H. Muni MD, MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.05.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.05.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To describe a novel postoperative OCT finding after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair and explore its relationship with retinal displacement.</div></div><div>To describe a novel postoperative OCT finding after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair and explore its relationship with retinal displacement.</div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective consecutive case series.</div></div><div>Retrospective consecutive case series.</div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Patients with primary RRD with partial macular involvement who underwent successful repair.</div></div><div>Patients with primary RRD with partial macular involvement who underwent successful repair.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients after RRD repair who demonstrated a marginal outer retinal ridge (MORR) on postoperative OCT were included. MORR was defined as a linear outer retinal hyperreflective ridge adjacent and parallel to the RRD margin.</div></div><div>Patients after RRD repair who demonstrated a marginal outer retinal ridge (MORR) on postoperative OCT were included. MORR was defined as a linear outer retinal hyperreflective ridge adjacent and parallel to the RRD margin.</div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Clinical characteristics, surgical variables, multimodal imaging findings, and evidence of retinal displacement were assessed.</div></div><div>Clinical characteristics, surgical variables, multimodal imaging findings, and evidence of retinal displacement were assessed.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twelve eyes were included. MORRs were predominantly located along the inferior RRD margin (11/12) and were detectable as early as postoperative day 1. In 4 of 12 eyes (33.3%), MORRs occurred in regions that were attached at presentation. MORRs resolved spontaneously within months in all cases. In 2 cases, MORR involved the fovea. Retinal displacement was more pronounced superior to a MORR, supporting retinal redundancy as the mechanism of formation.</div></div><div>Twelve eyes were included. MORRs were predominantly located along the inferior RRD margin (11/12) and were detectable as early as postoperative day 1. In 4 of 12 eyes (33.3%), MORRs occurred in regions that were attached at presentation. MORRs resolved spontaneously within months in all cases. In 2 cases, MORR involved the fovea. Retinal displacement was more pronounced superior to a MORR, supporting retinal redundancy as the mechanism of formation.</div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MORR represents a novel OCT biomarker of retinal displacement and reflects postoperative retinal redundancy. Recognition of MORR provides new insight into the biomechanics of retinal reattachment and may have implications for surgical technique, postoperative imaging, and functional outcomes.</div></div><div>MORR represents a novel OCT biomarker of retinal displacement and reflects postoperative retinal redundancy. Recognition of MORR provides new insight into the biomechanics of retin","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 10","pages":"Pages 1009-1016"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148227548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Outcomes and Prognostic Factors in Morning Glory Syndrome–Associated Retinal Detachment","authors":"Sayaka Yamao MD, PhD, Yasutaka Chiba PhD, Kazuki Kuniyoshi MD, PhD, Motohiro Kamei MD, PhD, Shunji Kusaka MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate surgical outcomes and identify key prognostic factors in retinal detachment (RD) associated with morning glory syndrome (MGS).</div></div><div>To evaluate surgical outcomes and identify key prognostic factors in retinal detachment (RD) associated with morning glory syndrome (MGS).</div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective consecutive case series.</div></div><div>Retrospective consecutive case series.</div><div><h3>Subjects</h3><div>Fifteen consecutive eyes of 15 patients with MGS-RD who underwent vitreoretinal surgery between 2000 and 2024 with a follow-up of >12 months.</div></div><div>Fifteen consecutive eyes of 15 patients with MGS-RD who underwent vitreoretinal surgery between 2000 and 2024 with a follow-up of >12 months.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively reviewed clinical records. We analyzed associations between 7 clinical factors and outcomes using logistic regression and exact statistical methods, including age, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade, funnel configuration, extent of RD, the presence of a visible break, complicated cataract, and application of endolaser around the excavated peripapillary area.</div></div><div>We retrospectively reviewed clinical records. We analyzed associations between 7 clinical factors and outcomes using logistic regression and exact statistical methods, including age, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade, funnel configuration, extent of RD, the presence of a visible break, complicated cataract, and application of endolaser around the excavated peripapillary area.</div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Anatomic success was defined as retinal reattachment without silicone oil tamponade at final follow-up.</div></div><div>Anatomic success was defined as retinal reattachment without silicone oil tamponade at final follow-up.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final anatomic success rate was 46.7% (7/15). Proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade at the initial surgery showed the strongest association with anatomic outcomes, with a success rate of 11.1% (1/9) in eyes with grade C compared with 100% (6/6) in those with less advanced PVR. Younger age was also associated with poorer outcomes, with no successful cases in patients aged ≤3 years (0/5) and complete success in those aged ≥9 years (5/5). Eyes with an open-funnel configuration showed higher success rates than those with a closed-funnel configuration (7/10 vs. 0/5). A visible peripapillary break and absence of complicated cataract were also associated with better outcomes. Endolaser application showed no clear association with success.</div></div><div>The final anatomic success rate was 46.7% (7/15). Proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade at the initial surgery showed the strongest association with anatomic outcomes, with a success rate of 11.1% (1/9) in eyes with grade C compared with 100% (6/6) in those with less advanced PVR. Younger age was also associated with poorer outco","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 10","pages":"Pages 1000-1008"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148302081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetracyclines and Risk of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy after Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment","authors":"Itay Nitzan MD, MPH, Yossi Eshel MD, Tehila Shlomov MD, Shoham Kubovsky MD, Nadav Shemesh MD, MHA, Jaime Levy MD, Itay Chowers MD, Samer Khateb MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.04.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.04.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the association between documented systemic tetracycline administration and the risk of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR)–related outcomes after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).</div></div><div>To evaluate the association between documented systemic tetracycline administration and the risk of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR)–related outcomes after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).</div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study with 1-year follow-up.</div></div><div>Retrospective cohort study with 1-year follow-up.</div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Adults aged 18 years or older with RRD were identified within a multicenter federated electronic health record network. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 2886 patients with documented systemic tetracycline administration were compared with 2886 matched controls.</div></div><div>Adults aged 18 years or older with RRD were identified within a multicenter federated electronic health record network. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 2886 patients with documented systemic tetracycline administration were compared with 2886 matched controls.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Systemic tetracycline exposure was defined as a recorded prescription from 1 month before to 6 months after RRD-related cohort entry. Propensity score matching was performed on demographics, socioeconomic determinants, systemic and ophthalmic comorbidities, medications, laboratory values, and health care utilization. Time-to-event analyses were conducted using Kaplan–Meier estimation and Cox proportional hazards models. Prespecified sensitivity analyses and active comparator analyses were performed to assess robustness.</div></div><div>Systemic tetracycline exposure was defined as a recorded prescription from 1 month before to 6 months after RRD-related cohort entry. Propensity score matching was performed on demographics, socioeconomic determinants, systemic and ophthalmic comorbidities, medications, laboratory values, and health care utilization. Time-to-event analyses were conducted using Kaplan–Meier estimation and Cox proportional hazards models. Prespecified sensitivity analyses and active comparator analyses were performed to assess robustness.</div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Hazard ratios (HRs) for PVR-related outcomes, defined as complex retinal detachment repair, nondiabetic proliferative retinopathy, and tractional retinal detachment. Reoperation was evaluated as a secondary outcome.</div></div><div>Hazard ratios (HRs) for PVR-related outcomes, defined as complex retinal detachment repair, nondiabetic proliferative retinopathy, and tractional retinal detachment. Reoperation was evaluated as a secondary outcome.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Baseline characteristics were well balanced after matching. During comparable follow-up, systemic tetracycline administration was associated with a lower risk of complex retinal detachment repair (HR","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 10","pages":"Pages 984-992"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence and Consensus-Based Imaging Guidelines in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis","authors":"Inês Leal MD, PhD, Aniruddha Agarwal MD, PhD, Meghan Berkenstock MD, Koh-Hei Sonoda MD, PhD, Emilio Dodds MD, John H. Kempen MD, PhD, Antoine P. Brézin MD, PhD, De-Kuang Hwang MD, PhD, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli MD, Alessandro Invernizzi MD, Sapna Gangaputra MD, MPH, Rupesh Agrawal MD, FCRS, Douglas A. Jabs MD, MBA, Janet L. Davis MD, MAS, Jennifer E. Thorne MD, PhD, Justine R. Smith MBBS, PhD, David Sarraf MD, Vishali Gupta MS","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To develop imaging- and consensus-based guidelines for the application of multimodal imaging in cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR).</div></div><div>To develop imaging- and consensus-based guidelines for the application of multimodal imaging in cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR).</div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Consensus agreement guided by a systematic literature review and expert committee deliberation using the nominal group technique (NGT).</div></div><div>Consensus agreement guided by a systematic literature review and expert committee deliberation using the nominal group technique (NGT).</div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>International uveitis specialists and retina experts participating in the Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) task force.</div></div><div>International uveitis specialists and retina experts participating in the Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) task force.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Experts independently reviewed published literature and representative cases of active and inactive CMVR using color fundus photography (CFP), OCT, fundus autofluorescence, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and OCT angiography. Through structured NGT sessions, the committee developed consensus-based descriptors of active and inactive CMVR, key imaging biomarkers of disease activity, and characteristic complications. The proposed guidelines were subsequently voted on by the full MUV task force.</div></div><div>Experts independently reviewed published literature and representative cases of active and inactive CMVR using color fundus photography (CFP), OCT, fundus autofluorescence, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and OCT angiography. Through structured NGT sessions, the committee developed consensus-based descriptors of active and inactive CMVR, key imaging biomarkers of disease activity, and characteristic complications. The proposed guidelines were subsequently voted on by the full MUV task force.</div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Identification of reproducible multimodal imaging features of CMVR; definition of modality-specific biomarkers of disease activity and healing; consensus on the preferred imaging modalities for diagnosis, monitoring, and detection of complications.</div></div><div>Identification of reproducible multimodal imaging features of CMVR; definition of modality-specific biomarkers of disease activity and healing; consensus on the preferred imaging modalities for diagnosis, monitoring, and detection of complications.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The experts agreed that CFP remains the most essential baseline and follow-up imaging modality for documenting the pattern, extent, and borders of the lesion, as well as the response to treatment. Ultra-widefield CFP was particularly valued for its ability to detect peripheral/satellite lesions and complications such as early retinal breaks. OCT is helpful in ide","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 10","pages":"Pages e95-e108"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147932422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysms","authors":"Charles Zhang MD, Katherine E. Bowers BS, Saara Khan BS, Georges AbouKasm BS, Sinan Ersan BS, Ronaldo Nuesi MD, Basil K. Williams Jr. MD, Nicolas A. Yannuzzi MD, Harry W. Flynn Jr. MD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To describe baseline characteristics, management patterns, and long-term outcomes in a contemporary cohort of eyes with retinal arterial macroaneurysms (RAM) managed with observation versus treatment.</div></div><div>To describe baseline characteristics, management patterns, and long-term outcomes in a contemporary cohort of eyes with retinal arterial macroaneurysms (RAM) managed with observation versus treatment.</div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div>Retrospective cohort study.</div><div><h3>Subjects</h3><div>Adult patients (aged ≥18 years) diagnosed with RAM at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute between January 2013 and December 2025.</div></div><div>Adult patients (aged ≥18 years) diagnosed with RAM at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute between January 2013 and December 2025.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Baseline demographics, ocular findings, ancillary optical coherence tomography imaging, treatments, and visual outcomes were recorded. Continuous variables were compared using two-tailed Student <em>t</em>-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, as appropriate. Categorical variables were compared using chi-square or Fisher exact tests. Statistical significance was defined as <em>P</em> < 0.05.</div></div><div>Baseline demographics, ocular findings, ancillary optical coherence tomography imaging, treatments, and visual outcomes were recorded. Continuous variables were compared using two-tailed Student <em>t</em>-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, as appropriate. Categorical variables were compared using chi-square or Fisher exact tests. Statistical significance was defined as <em>P</em> < 0.05.</div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Resolution of RAM, time to resolution, and changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at final follow-up.</div></div><div>Resolution of RAM, time to resolution, and changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at final follow-up.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 161 eyes (156 patients) met inclusion criteria. The mean age was 73.7 years (range 19–97), and 104 (67%) were female. Hypertension was present in 126 (81%) patients. Overall, 110 eyes (68%) were managed with observation, and 51 eyes (32%) were managed with early treatment. The treatment cohort had, on average, worse BCVA compared to the observation cohort (20/160 vs. 20/50, <em>P</em> < 0.0001) and more frequently reported macula-involving hemorrhage (78% vs. 52<em>%; P</em> = 0.0024) at the initial visit. In the observation cohort, 6% of eyes developed symptomatic hemorrhage prompting treatment, which occurred an average of 250 days after the initial diagnosis. In the treatment cohort, 59% of eyes were treated with antivascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy, 22% were treated with focal laser monotherapy, 16% were treated with combination therapy, and 4% were treated with vitrectomy with tissue plasminogen activator. Resolution of RAM, defined as fibrosis of the RAM with","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 10","pages":"Pages 1047-1055"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148194791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gildeuretinol Acetate versus Placebo for Geographic Atrophy Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration","authors":"David S. Boyer MD, Leonide Saad PhD, Ilyas Washington PhD, Alexander Melamud MD, Kenneth B. Graham MD, Adrian E. O’Malley MD, Gabrielle M. DeBartolomeo ACRP-CP, Honghua Jiang PhD, Lindsey D. Harris MD, Christine N. Kay MD, Philip J. Ferrone MD, Seemi Khan MD, SAGA Study Team","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.05.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.05.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the effects of gildeuretinol acetate (C20D3-vitamin A) in geographic atrophy (GA).</div></div><div>To assess the effects of gildeuretinol acetate (C20D3-vitamin A) in geographic atrophy (GA).</div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A 24-month, double-masked, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.</div></div><div>A 24-month, double-masked, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.</div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Participants aged ≥60 years with GA.</div></div><div>Participants aged ≥60 years with GA.</div><div><h3>Interventions</h3><div>Randomized 2:1 to oral gildeuretinol acetate 14 mg daily or placebo.</div></div><div>Randomized 2:1 to oral gildeuretinol acetate 14 mg daily or placebo.</div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>The primary endpoint was GA growth rate from baseline to 24 months. A prespecified sensitivity analysis accounted for a 6-month delay in onset of therapeutic effect. Secondary endpoints included change from baseline in low-luminance visual acuity (LLVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), Visual Function Questionnaire-25, and Functional Reading Independence (FRI) Index.</div></div><div>The primary endpoint was GA growth rate from baseline to 24 months. A prespecified sensitivity analysis accounted for a 6-month delay in onset of therapeutic effect. Secondary endpoints included change from baseline in low-luminance visual acuity (LLVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), Visual Function Questionnaire-25, and Functional Reading Independence (FRI) Index.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 198 randomized participants (mean [standard deviation {SD}] age, 78.4 [7.0] years; 68.7% women), 69.2% completed the 24-month study. In the gildeuretinol and placebo groups, baseline mean (SD) total GA lesion area in mm<sup>2</sup> was 7.72 (6.10) and 7.09 (4.16); BCVA letter scores were 56.2 (21.3) (Snellen equivalent: ∼20/80) and 58.8 (18.0) (∼20/70); and LLVA letter scores were 31.1 (19.0) (∼20/200) and 31.6 (17.8) (∼20/250), respectively. Mean GA growth rates were 1.62 mm<sup>2</sup>/yr with gildeuretinol and 1.87 mm<sup>2</sup>/yr with placebo (least squares [LSs] mean difference: –0.25 mm<sup>2</sup>/yr; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.53 to 0.03; <em>P</em> = 0.075), a 13.4% relative reduction for gildeuretinol versus placebo. The LS mean (standard error) GA growth rates from 6 to 24 months were 1.90 (0.12) mm<sup>2</sup>/yr (placebo) and 1.61 (0.08) mm<sup>2</sup>/yr (gildeuretinol), a 15.3% relative reduction (–0.29 mm<sup>2</sup>/yr; 95% CI: –0.576 to –0.004; nominal <em>P</em> = 0.047). At 24 months, LLVA declined 3.9 and 8.3 ETDRS letters in the gildeuretinol and placebo groups, respectively (difference: 4.4 letters; 95% CI: 0.40–8.41; nominal <em>P</em> = 0.031). Best-corrected visual acuity declined 6.9 letters with gildeuretinol and 10.2 letters with placebo (difference: 3.3 letters; 95% CI: –0.63 to 7.23; <em>P =</em> 0.099). Visual Function Questionnaire-25 score","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 10","pages":"Pages 1027-1035"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}