Ophthalmology. Retina最新文献

{"title":"Risk factors for reoperation in vitrectomy for stage 4A retinopathy of prematurity.","authors":"Masaki Fukushima, Chiharu Iwahashi, Tomoki Kurihara, Kazuki Kuniyoshi, Fukutaro Mano, Takao Endo, Atsushi Hayashi, Shunji Kusaka","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine risk factors for reoperation after vitrectomy for stage 4A retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective, comparative case series.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>The selected patients had undergone vitrectomy for stage 4A ROP with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months between 2010 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data collected from patients' charts included gender, gestational age at birth (GA), birth weight (BW), stage of ROP, postmenstrual age (PMA) at vitrectomy, extent of fibrovascular membrane (FVM), preoperative fluorescein angiography, surgical procedure, and subsequent reoperation during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Anatomical success rate, incidence of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage (VH) and redetachment caused by reproliferation, and risk factors for reoperation to treat these postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 132 consecutive eyes (42 bilateral and 48 unilateral) of 90 patients (48 female and 42 male). The mean GA, BW, and PMA at surgery were 24.6 ± 1.6 weeks, 623.3 ± 180.3 g, and 41.6 ± 4.1 weeks, respectively. Final anatomic success was achieved in 128 eyes (97%). Reoperations were necessary due to postoperative VH in 31 eyes (23%), redetachment caused by reproliferation in 8 eyes (6%), and both VH and redetachment caused by reproliferation in 4 eyes (3%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that plus disease (P = 0.007; odds ratio [OR], 3.681; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43-9.46) was a risk factor for reoperation due to postoperative VH, and greater extent of fibrovascular membrane (FVM) (P = 0.047: OR, 1.335; 95% CI, 1.004-1.776) and higher grade of fluorescein leakage (P = 0.033; OR, 5.675; 95% CI, 1.149-28.040) were risk factors for reoperation due to redetachment caused by reproliferation. In eyes with plus disease, anti-VEGF therapy as a preoperative adjunct significantly reduced the rate of reoperation for postoperative VH (20.0% vs. 60.7%, P=0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High anatomical success rates could be achieved by vitrectomy for stage 4A ROP. However, eyes with plus disease, greater extent of FVM, or higher grade of fluorescein leakage may have an increased risk of reoperation. In addition, preoperative anti-VEGF therapy may reduce reoperations due to postoperative VH in patients with plus disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Adverse Systemic Events in Retinal Vein Occlusion.","authors":"Emily A Albrecht, Priya Shukla, Alison H Zhao, Jonathan C Markle, Christopher M Maatouk, Rishi P Singh, Katherine E Talcott","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Conflicting data exists on whether central and branch retinal vein occlusion (CRVO and BRVO) are linked to systemic adverse events. This study examines this association using the TriNetX US Collaborative Network, encompassing more than 110 million patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective population-based cohort design.</p><p><strong>Subjects and controls: </strong>CRVO and BRVO cohorts were compared to control cataract cohorts and between high and low-intensity treatment defined by ≥10 compared to ≤5 anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used deidentified data from a national database (2006-2024), using International Classification of Diseases 10 codes for CRVO and BRVO. Patients were propensity score matched on demographics, medications, and comorbidities. Risk ratios were generated for systemic events in CRVO and BRVO patients compared to controls, and between patients with high and low-intensity treatment.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of death, myocardial infarction (MI), hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and carotid disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CRVO was associated with increased risk of death (RR 1.30; 95% CI 1.26-1.35), MI (RR 1.24; 1.16-1.32), hemorrhagic stroke (RR 1.35; 1.21-1.51), ischemic stroke (RR 1.49; 1.4-1.59), and carotid disease (RR 1.69; 1.59-1.79). BRVO was associated with increased risk of death (RR 1.27; 1.23-1.32), MI (RR 1.39; 1.30-1.49), hemorrhagic stroke (RR 1.57; 1.41-1.75), ischemic stroke (RR 1.66; 1.56-1.77), and carotid disease (RR 1.67; 1.57-1.77). CRVO with high-intensity treatment was associated with increased risk of MI (RR 1.47; 1.12-1.93) compared to low-intensity CRVO treatment, but there were no significant differences in risk of death (RR 0.98; 0.86-1.11), hemorrhagic stroke (RR 1.00; 0.63-1.58), ischemic stroke (RR 1.31; 1.03-1.66), or carotid disease (RR 1.34; 1.06-1.70). For BRVO with high compared to low-intensity treatment, no significant differences in rates of death (RR 1.12; 0.96-1.31), MI (RR 1.30; 0.93-1.81), hemorrhagic stroke (RR 0.96; 0.60-1.53), ischemic stroke (RR 1.05; 0.80-1.38), or carotid disease (RR 1.17; 0.85-1.60) were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CRVO and BRVO are associated with increased risk of death, MI, hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and carotid disease. High-intensity treatment of CRVO may be associated with increased risk of MI. These results from this dataset demonstrate the importance of systemic evaluation after RVO.</p>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive factors and tumour dynamics in choroidal osteoma: A multimodal imaging-based longitudinal analysis.","authors":"Ninan Jacob, Vishal Raval, Swathi Kaliki, Manasi Ketkar, Anasua Ganguly Kapoor, Niroj Kumar Sahoo","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate longitudinal multimodal imaging changes in choroidal osteoma (CO) and analyse factors predisposing to sequelae.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective, observational study PARTICIPANTS: Patients with a diagnosis of choroidal osteoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline clinical characteristics and age-wise distribution of various multimodal imaging parameters, like total osteoma area, area of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy, and area of de-calcified choroidal atrophy (d-CA), were analysed. Eyes with well-documented longitudinal follow-up were also analysed.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Multimodal imaging features of choroidal osteoma in the calcified and de-calcified areas. To identify changes in the CO lesion parameters and factors predisposing to CO sequelae.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 92 eyes of 73 patients (37 males and 36 females) with a mean age of 32±13.6 years. At baseline, uncomplicated CO was noted in 17.4% of eyes, while d-CA was seen in 39.1% of eyes, and RPE atrophy without underlying d-CA in 35.9% of eyes. Choroidal neovascularisation (CNVM) was seen in 47.8% of eyes. Subretinal fluid without CNVM was present in 14 eyes (15.2%). Thirty-five eyes were included for longitudinal analysis. On regression analysis, factors associated with the presence of CNVM at baseline were the presence of d-CA (p=0.04), RPE atrophy (p=0.04), and macular involvement (p=0.001). A higher rate of increase in the d-CA area was associated with a higher total baseline area of the osteoma (p=0.02) and the presence of CNVM (p=0.04). RPE atrophy (p=0.03) was associated with a faster rate of reduction of osteoma thickness. A faster increase in osteoma thickness was associated with subretinal fluid appearance (p=0.04). Three zones could be identified clinically in eyes with d-CA, i.e. a calcified area with no RPE atrophy, a transition zone of calcified area with overlying RPE atrophy, and a d-CA area. Conclusions RPE atrophy and d-CA are clinically important and quantifiable prognostic factors in the natural history of CO lesions. Three different CO subtypes and zones could be identified that had unique clinical significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual field changes in diabetic retinopathy: natural history and after pan-retinal photocoagulation in the Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) and the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS).","authors":"Debora H Lee, Susan Vitale, Elvira Agrón, Tiarnan D L Keenan, Catherine A Cukras, Emily Y Chew","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2025.04.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2025.04.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine visual field changes in untreated diabetic retinopathy (DR) and compare them to those in DR treated with pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Post-hoc analyses of the Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS), historical multicenter randomized controlled trials designed to assess the use of argon laser PRP as a treatment for DR.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 1660 DRS eyes (830 participants) with severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and 5416 ETDRS eyes (2708 participants) with mild-severe NPDR or early PDR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Each DRS and ETDRS participant had one eye randomized to immediate PRP and the fellow eye to deferred PRP. Visual field scores (VFS) were obtained with the Goldmann perimeter using the IV/4e stimulus in the DRS and the I/4e stimulus in the ETDRS. Eyes in the deferred PRP arm that later received PRP were censored at treatment initiation.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The outcomes of (1) mean VFS and (2) change from baseline VFS over time were estimated by using multivariable regression models with repeated measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among untreated eyes (n=830 [DRS], n=2706 [ETDRS]), VFS change from baseline was -152.0 (95% CI -215.4, -88.5) at 6 years (DRS) and -79.2 (-90.9, -67.6) at 7 years (ETDRS). Compared with untreated eyes with NPDR, untreated eyes with PDR + high-risk characteristics (HRC) had VFS change of -50.2 (-65.9, -34.6) and -38.3 (-69.2, -9.5) in the DRS and ETDRS, respectively. Among untreated eyes, the presence of macular edema (ME) was associated with a VFS change of -12.9 (-25.4, -0.5) and -6.2 (-10.4, -1.9) in the DRS and ETDRS, respectively. The difference in VFS between PRP-treated versus untreated eyes was significant at 4 months [-31.4 (95% CI -38.6, -24.2)], but no longer apparent by year 3 [-1.4 (-17.0, 14.1)] in the paired DRS analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The natural history of untreated DR involved a significant decline over time in visual fields. Increased DR severity and presence of ME were associated with greater field loss. PRP was associated with a rapid initial decline in the visual field; however, visual fields in PRP-treated versus untreated eyes became similar by year 3.</p>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real Time Adverse Events in Pediatric Fluorescein Angiography: IV vs Oral.","authors":"Osama Sorour, Naira Ikram, Scott Shuldiner, Samet Gulkas, Francisco Altamirano, Ryan Meshkin, Celine Chaaya, Amanda Rich, Efren Gonzalez, Nimesh A Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2025.04.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2025.04.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined fluorescein angiography (FA) adverse events in pediatric patients. Real time adverse events were higher than those reported in the literature for pediatric and adult patients, particularly for IV-FA.</p>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in United States Retinoblastoma Presentation, Management, and Local Recurrence in the National Cancer Database, 2004–2016","authors":"Jodi Y. So MD ,&nbsp;Suzann Pershing MD, MS ,&nbsp;Erqi Liu Pollom MD, MS ,&nbsp;Susan M. Hiniker MD ,&nbsp;Armin R. Afshar MD, MBA","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate patient-level differences in retinoblastoma presentation, treatments, and outcomes within the United States (US).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective registry-based analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>One thousand, four hundred and four retinoblastoma cases in the National Cancer Database, 2004–2016, a US-based cancer registry.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patient characteristics and treatments were investigated over time. Primary treatment was classified as enucleation, local tumor destruction, chemotherapy, and radiation. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated extraocular disease at presentation, treatment, and local recurrence after primary globe-sparing therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Odds ratios (ORs) for extraocular disease at presentation; primary treatment modality; local recurrence after primary globe-sparing therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Extraocular disease affected 13% of patients at presentation (N = 178). All-cause mortality among the entire cohort was 3.1% (n = 44) at last follow-up Those who were non-White, who were uninsured or had government-funded insurance, or with nonmetropolitan residence had significantly greater odds of extraocular disease (OR 2.21–3.64 for non-White vs. White non-Hispanic patients, OR 2.05–2.95 for uninsured or Medicaid/Medicare/government-funded vs. private/commercial insurance, and OR 1.80 for nonmetropolitan vs. metropolitan residence). Between 2004 and 2016, utilization of chemotherapy (55%–73%) and local tumor destruction (17%–27%) increased. Enucleations remained overrepresented among Hispanic patients (63% received enucleation in 2016, vs. 35% non-Hispanic patients; OR = 1.83 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22–2.75) for enucleation among Hispanic vs. White, non-Hispanic patients). Patients with Medicaid/Medicare/government insurance and nonmetropolitan residents also had higher odds of enucleation, and nonmetropolitan patients had higher odds of local recurrence after primary globe-sparing therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite an overall decline in enucleation and increase in globe-sparing therapy between 2004 and 2016, Hispanic, Medicaid/Medicare/government-insured, and nonmetropolitan patients continued to have higher odds of extraocular disease at presentation and higher odds of undergoing enucleation as primary therapy. This suggests limitations in access to care and that shifts toward globe-sparing treatment (chemotherapy and local tumor destruction) did not occur equally across all patient groups. Further investigations into these disparities are warranted.</div></div><div><h3>Financial Disclosure(s)</h3><div>Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"9 5","pages":"Pages 465-475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pneumatic Retinopexy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Outcomes","authors":"Shane Griffin MD, MCR ,&nbsp;Lawrence Chan MD ,&nbsp;Kayne McCarthy MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Xuan Peng MS ,&nbsp;Charles Li BA ,&nbsp;Linda D. Harrison PhD ,&nbsp;Flora Lum MD ,&nbsp;Gaurav Shah MD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2024.10.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2024.10.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To determine treatment patterns and outcomes of pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective cohort analysis using IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight) database.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Patients with RRD treated by PnR from 2013 to 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cases were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions, diagnostic codes. Surgical procedures were identified using Current Procedural Terminology codes for type of RRD repair. Baseline demographic information included age, sex, race and ethnicity, geographic region, smoking status, and health insurance type.</div></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Primary outcomes for PnR included single-operation success (SOS) and single-operation failure (SOF), change in visual acuity at 9 to 12 months, rates of complications, rates of secondary procedure after SOF, and outcome by phakic status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 13 302 unique eyes were analyzed (median age, 64 years; 61.56% male). Overall SOS for primary PnR was 59.82%. The mean best-corrected visual acuity at 9 to 12 months after PnR was logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution 0.44 (95% confidence interval, 0.42–0.46) for SOF eyes, compared with 0.23 (95% confidence interval, 0.22–0.25) for SOS eyes (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Complications of PR included vitreous hemorrhage (9.1%), epiretinal membrane (45.17%), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (0.98%), and endophthalmitis (0.14%). Of the 40.18% of eyes with SOF, 81% required either secondary PnR, scleral buckle, vitrectomy, or complex detachment repair, whereas the remaining eyes required more than one of these secondary procedures. Single-operation success for phakic eyes was 64.50% versus 53.93% for pseudophakic eyes (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>IRIS Registry data reveal clinical outcomes and utilization patterns of PnR for RRD. Overall SOS for primary PnR was 59.82%, which is lower than other cited rates in the literature. Pseudophakic eyes were more likely to fail primary PnR. It is important to counsel patients on risks of the procedure when obtaining informed consent.</div></div><div><h3>Financial Disclosure(s)</h3><div>Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"9 5","pages":"Pages 437-443"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-Driven Activity-BasedCosting Analysis of Panretinal Photocoagulation","authors":"Sean T. Berkowitz MD, MBA ,&nbsp;David L. Zhang MD ,&nbsp;Warren W. Pan MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Osama Ahmed MD ,&nbsp;Cagri G. Besirli MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Nicolaas P. DeRuyter MD ,&nbsp;Tahreem A. Mir MD ,&nbsp;Russel H. Dinh MD ,&nbsp;Mark W. Johnson MD ,&nbsp;Avni P. Finn MD, MBA","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"9 5","pages":"Pages 498-501"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143009121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular Melanocytoma in a 37-Year-Old Patient","authors":"Blanca Casado-Pelaez MD ,&nbsp;Romana García-Gil MD ,&nbsp;Rafael Martínez-Costa MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2024.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2024.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"9 5","pages":"Page e47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choroidal Folds in Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada–Like Uveitis","authors":"Pedro Carreira MD ,&nbsp;Mariana Vaz MD ,&nbsp;Diogo Cabral MD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"9 5","pages":"Page e50"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}