Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the Relationship Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Academic Performance in the Adolescent Population: The EHDLA Study.","authors":"José Francisco López-Gil, Emily Cisneros-Vásquez, Jorge Olivares-Arancibia, Rodrigo Yañéz-Sepúlveda, Héctor Gutiérrez-Espinoza","doi":"10.3390/nu17030524","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17030524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Previous studies have tested the link between diet quality and academic performance in the young population. However, no study has analyzed the specific relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and academic performance in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to test the link of UPF consumption with academic performance in a sample of adolescents from Spain. <b>Methods:</b> This secondary cross-sectional analysis utilized information from 788 youths aged 12-17 participating in the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities study. The sample comprised 44.7% boys and 55.3% girls, with a median age of 14.0 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 13.0 to 15.0). The UPF consumption was measured through a self-completed food frequency survey. Academic performance was determined using end-of-year academic records provided by each educational institution. To examine the relationships between these variables, generalized linear models were employed. The models were adjusted for factors including sex, age, socioeconomic status, conduct, physical activity, sleep duration, body mass index, and sedentary behavior. <b>Results:</b> Significant dose-response associations between UPF consumption and all the different academic performance indicators, showing that higher UPF consumption is consistently associated with poorer academic performance (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for all). Higher daily UPF servings were associated with lower adjusted marginal means for grade point average, language, maths, and English. Furthermore, adolescents in the highest UPF tertile had a grade point average of 5.6 compared to 6.6 in the lowest tertile, with similar patterns being observed for language (6.0 vs. 7.0), maths (5.2 vs. 6.2), and English (5.7 vs. 6.6). <b>Conclusions:</b> Our study identifies a negative association between UPF consumption and academic performance in adolescents, highlighting it as a modifiable factor that could impact academic outcomes. Adolescents with higher UPF consumption exhibited consistently lower grades across various academic indicators, emphasizing the importance of dietary quality during this critical developmental period.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible Prognostic Role of BMI Before Chemotherapy in the Outcomes of Women with Ovarian Cancer.","authors":"Stavroula A Paschou, Angeliki Andrikopoulou, Nikoletta Mili, Anna Svarna, Maria Kaparelou, Katerina Stefanaki, Nikolaos Dedes, Efstathia Liatsou, Nikolaos Thomakos, Dimitrios Haidopoulos, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Efstathios Kastritis, Flora Zagouri, Meletios-Athanasios Dimopoulos, Michalis Liontos","doi":"10.3390/nu17030556","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17030556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Survival rates for ovarian cancer remain distressingly low. Despite established prognostic factors, the need to identify modifiable parameters to influence survival outcomes is imperative. Overweight and obesity, both prevalent conditions, have been implicated in cancer development and potentially poor survival. However, conflicting data on the associations of body mass index (BMI) with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in ovarian cancer patients necessitate further exploration. This study aims to investigate the prognostic role of BMI before chemotherapy in women with ovarian cancer, specifically focusing on PFS and OS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis encompassed 1,136 patients diagnosed with ovarian carcinomas between 1995 and 2018. Patients were categorized based on BMI at presentation, and a comprehensive examination of clinicopathological, treatment, and survival data was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the patient population, normal weight patients (BMI < 25 kg/m²) demonstrated a median PFS of 12.8 months (95% CI 11.7-13.9 months), while overweight/obese patients (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) exhibited a significantly longer median PFS of 14.9 months (95% CI 13.6-16.4 months, <i>P</i> = 0.006). No statistically significant difference was noted in median OS between the two BMI groups. Subgroup analysis for different histological subtypes revealed a statistically significant benefit for overweight and obese patients with serous and endometrioid histology (mPFS 12.9 months, 95% CI 11.7-14.0 vs. 15.6 months, 95% CI 13.9-17.3, <i>P</i> = 0.012 and 14.6 months 95% CI 13.7-15.5 vs. 25.6 months, 95% CI 9.5-41.7, <i>P</i> = 0.031, respectively). Additionally, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² demonstrated a significant advantage in advanced-stage disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study underscores the intricate association between BMI and ovarian cancer prognosis. While a statistically significant difference in progression-free survival was noted between normal weight and overweight/obese patients, with the latter group experiencing a survival benefit, no such difference was observed in overall survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11820758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Nutrition Strategies for Anorexia Nervosa: Marker-Based Integration of Calories and Proteins.","authors":"Eugenia Dozio, Martina Alonge, Gianluca Tori, Andrea Caumo, Rina Giuseppa Russo, Edoardo Scuttari, Leonardo Fringuelli, Ileana Terruzzi","doi":"10.3390/nu17030560","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17030560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by profound nutritional deficits and significant alterations in body composition, cellular integrity, and hydration. Nutritional rehabilitation is critical not only for weight restoration but also for improving body composition and metabolic functions. However, optimal strategies for integrating caloric and protein intake to achieve balanced recovery remain underexplored. This study aims to evaluate the interactions between caloric/protein intake and time on quantitative (weight and BMI) and qualitative (body composition and cellular health) outcomes, and to identify markers that predict recovery trajectories and guide personalized nutritional interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study analyzed 79 patients with AN admitted to Villa Miralago for six months of nutritional rehabilitation. Anthropometric and body composition parameters-including body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), body cell mass (BCM), phase angle (PA), and hydration markers (TBW and ECW)-were assessed at baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 6 months (T2). Generalized Estimating Equations (GEEs) were used to evaluate the effects of caloric and protein intake over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant increases in BW (+6.54 kg, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and BMI (+2.47 kg/m², <i>p</i> < 0.0001) were observed, alongside improvements in FM, FFM, and BCM. PA increased significantly (+0.47°, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), indicating enhanced cellular health. TBW increased (+1.58 L, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), while ECW% decreased, reflecting improved fluid distribution. Caloric intake predominantly influenced early fat mass recovery, while protein intake was crucial for preserving lean tissues and promoting cellular regeneration. Interaction effects between caloric/protein intake and time revealed dynamic changes in body composition, underscoring the need for adaptive strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the importance of a dynamic, marker-based approach to nutritional rehabilitation in AN. Integrating caloric and protein intake with advanced body composition and hydration markers enables personalized interventions and balanced recovery, shifting AN treatment toward a focus on qualitative improvements overweight restoration alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11820861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Inflammatory Score (DIS)'s and Lifestyle Inflammatory Score (LIS)'s Impact on Multiple Sclerosis Severity.","authors":"Monica Guglielmetti, Cinzia Ferraris, Lenycia de Cassya Lopes Neri, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Anna Tagliabue, Eleonora Tavazzi, Alessandro La Malfa, Giacomo Greco, Roberto Bergamaschi, Raynier Zambrano-Villacres, Giuseppe Grosso","doi":"10.3390/nu17030526","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17030526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with variable degrees of inflammation and gliosis. Diet and lifestyle factors could influence MS development and also contribute to inflammation. The current study aims to evaluate the relationship between dietary and lifestyle inflammatory potential and multiple sclerosis severity. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study design was employed. Data collection included demographic, neurological, and nutritional information. The Dietary Inflammatory Score (DIS) and Lifestyle Inflammatory Score (LIS) were calculated based on the reference protocol. <b>Results:</b> One hundred and seven participants (69.2% female; mean age, 50.6 ± 11.6 years) completed the study. The anti-inflammatory LIS group had significantly higher proportions of normal-weight (<i>p</i> = 0.000) and physically active (<i>p</i> = 0.022) participants. A greater proportion of women exhibited an anti-inflammatory lifestyle compared to men (80% vs. 20%; <i>p</i> = 0.023). No relation was retrieved between the DIS, LIS, and MS Severity Score (MSSS). When analyzing the single DIS components, leafy greens were associated with MS severity (OR 1.67; 95% CI, 1.50-18.74; <i>p</i> = 0.009). Among the LIS components, \"high physical activity\" (OR 5.51; 95% CI, 1.66-18.30; <i>p</i> = 0.005) and \"heavy drinking\" (OR 5.61; 95% CI, 1.19-26.47; <i>p</i> = 0.029) were related to lower MS severity. <b>Conclusions</b>: Although no differences were found in the total Dietary and Lifestyle Inflammatory Scores, some of their components might be connected with MS severity. Further intervention studies are needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Immunomodulatory Activity of High Doses of Vitamin D in Critical Care Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia-A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Ana Moura Gonçalves, Sónia Velho, Bárbara Rodrigues, Maria Lobo Antunes, Miguel Cardoso, Ana Godinho-Santos, João Gonçalves, António Marinho","doi":"10.3390/nu17030540","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17030540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin D receptor [VDR] expression promotes LL37 expression, possibly contributing to host defense. The hypothesis was that an increase in 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25vitD] could lead to enhanced VDR expression and increased LL-37 production, thereby contributing to improved prognosis in critically ill patients. <b>Methods</b>: A nonblinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 207 patients admitted to ICU with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia were included and received different doses of cholecalciferol (500 MU, 3 MU/day, no cholecalciferol) during their ICU and hospital stay. 25vitD levels as well as LL37 and monocytes' VDR gene expression were evaluated on admission and after. Clinical evolution, ICU mortality, hospital mortality, and 60-day mortality were evaluated. <b>Results:</b> The median age was 57.7 years and the majority of patients were Caucasian [87.4%] and male [70.5%]. There was a significant difference in 25vitD levels between groups on the third [<i>p</i> = 0.002] and seventh [<i>p</i> < 0.001] days. Patients supplemented with 500 MU of cholecalciferol had a very significant increase in monocytes' VDR gene expression and showed a better clinical evolution in the ICU, with a significant correlation to evolution factors. Higher LL37 on admission had a significant negative association with hospital and ICU mortality, lost after adjustment for comorbidities to a nearly significant association with ICU, hospital, and 60-day mortality. <b>Conclusion</b>: Supplementation with higher doses of cholecalciferol may contribute to a significant increase in 25vitD levels but not in LL37 levels. Higher LL37 levels on admission may be related to a decrease in ICU, hospital, and 60-day mortality. VDR gene expression in monocytes is much higher in patients supplemented with higher doses of cholecalciferol.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11820001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Dietary Patterns on Patients with Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Rahele Tavakoly, Alina Moosburner, Dennis Anheyer, Holger Cramer","doi":"10.3390/nu17030563","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17030563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different dietary patterns on depressive disorders. <b>Methods</b>: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were systematically searched until 30 April 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of different dietary patterns on depressive symptoms in adults with depressive disorders. Secondary outcomes included remission rates, quality of life, and safety. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were aggregated using a random-effects model. Study quality was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB)-2 tool, and certainty of evidence was determined using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. <b>Results</b>: Five RCTs (<i>n</i> = 952) were included, all investigating the Mediterranean diet (MD) in individuals with major depressive disorder or elevated depression levels. The analysis found no significant effect of short-term MD intervention on depression severity compared to active (SMD = -1.25 [95% CI: -5.11 to 2.61]) or passive (SMD = -0.22 [95% CI: -0.74 to 0.29]) controls. There was no effect on quality of life compared to active controls (SMD = 0.71 [95% CI = -3.38 to 4.79]). Intermediate and long-term results were similar. The overall risk of bias was \"some concerns\", and the certainty of evidence was \"very low\" for most of the results. <b>Conclusions</b>: The MD appears to have no potential influence on major depressive disorder. However, this finding should be interpreted cautiously due to the limited number of RCTs. Further studies on dietary patterns and depressive disorders are needed for more robust conclusions. <b>Systematic Review Registration</b>: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42024541885.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11820241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Syndrome in the Amazon: Customizing Diagnostic Methods for Urban Communities.","authors":"José M Alcaide-Leyva, Manuel Romero-Saldaña, María García-Rodríguez, Rafael Molina-Luque, María Del Rocío Jiménez-Mérida, Guillermo Molina-Recio","doi":"10.3390/nu17030538","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17030538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Metabolic syndrome is a significant public health issue, particularly in urbanizing regions like the Peruvian Amazon, where lifestyle changes have increased the prevalence of metabolic disorders. This study aimed to develop and validate a simple, cost-effective diagnostic model for early detection of metabolic syndrome in the urban population of San Juan Bautista, Iquitos. <b>Methods</b>: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 251 adults aged over 18 years. Data collection included anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and biochemical assessments. Logistic regression analyses identified key predictors of metabolic syndrome, and clinical decision trees were developed to enhance diagnostic accuracy. <b>Results</b>: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 47.9%. Systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were the strongest predictors. The most effective diagnostic model, combining very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and systolic blood pressure, achieved a sensitivity of 91.6% and a specificity of 78.5%, demonstrating high diagnostic accuracy. <b>Conclusions</b>: The proposed model offers a practical, low-cost tool for early detection of metabolic syndrome in resource-limited urban settings. However, its findings are limited by the small sample size and the lack of external validation, requiring further studies to confirm its generalizability and applicability to other populations. Its implementation in primary healthcare could facilitate timely interventions, reducing the risk of chronic diseases in vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11820743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sunflower Oil Fortified with Vitamins D and A and Sunflower Lecithin Ameliorated Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice and Exploration of the Underlying Protective Pathways.","authors":"Xue Tang, Chengkai Zhu, Tristan C Liu, Rongxiang Zhu, Guoliang Deng, Peng Zhou, Dasong Liu","doi":"10.3390/nu17030553","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17030553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of cognitive disorders is increasing globally, with a reported prevalence of over 50 million individuals affected, and current interventions offer limited efficacy. This study investigates the effects of sunflower oil fortified with sunflower lecithin, vitamin D, and vitamin A on scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice and explores the underlying mechanisms. The incidence of cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, is increasing yearly, and current interventions offer limited efficacy. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the cognitive improvement effects of the three added functional factors on mice with learning and memory impairments, along with the associated molecular mechanisms. Behavioral tests, biochemical assays, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were utilized to examine the intervention effects of these functional factors on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice. The results revealed that the groups treated with sunflower lecithin and vitamin D significantly enhanced the mice's exploratory behavior, working memory, and spatial memory, with increases of 1.6 times and 4.5 times, respectively, in the open field and novel object recognition tests (VD group). Additionally, these treatments reduced levels of inflammatory markers and IL-6, increased antioxidant GSH levels, and decreased oxidative stress marker MDA levels, with all effects showing significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The effects were further enhanced when vitamin A was combined with these treatments. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that the intervention groups had markedly improved learning and memory abilities through upregulation of key gene expression levels in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, cholinergic pathway, and folate biosynthesis pathway. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the development of nutritionally fortified edible oils with added sunflower lecithin, vitamin D, and vitamin A, which may help prevent and ameliorate cognitive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health and Economic Impacts of Increased Brown Rice Consumption on Type 2 Diabetes in Japan: A Simulation Study, 2019-2029.","authors":"Nayu Ikeda, Miwa Yamaguchi, Nobuo Nishi","doi":"10.3390/nu17030532","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17030532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Whole grain consumption is recognized as a key component of healthy diets, offering protection against non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, in Japan, whole grain intake remains low, with brown rice-a traditional whole grain-underutilized despite its demonstrated health benefits. This study aimed to explore the health and economic impacts of increasing brown rice consumption among Japanese adults aged 40-79 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a discrete-time Markov cohort macro-simulation model, we projected the effects of replacing 30% and 80% of mean white rice consumption with brown rice over 10 years. Input parameters were based on published epidemiological data and national healthcare expenditures. Key outcomes included cumulative T2D incidence, all-cause mortality, and associated healthcare costs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increasing brown rice consumption could prevent 1.3-3.4% of new T2D cases, avert 0.01-0.02% of all-cause deaths, and save from USD 31.3 million to USD 80.5 million in healthcare costs. Sensitivity analyses revealed that the relative risk of T2D associated with brown rice intake had the greatest influence on variabilities in projected cost savings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the projected reductions in T2D and healthcare costs were modest, the findings highlight the potential of increased brown rice consumption to alleviate the economic and public health burden of T2D in Japan. Incorporating brown rice into dietary patterns may support multidisciplinary lifestyle approaches for T2D prevention. Further research is warranted to explore long-term care costs for the management of complications and the benefits of other whole grains in the Japanese diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EGCG Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis by Inhibiting Ferroptosis Through the Activation of the Nrf2-GPX4 Pathway and Enhancing Iron Metabolism.","authors":"Junzhou Chen, Conghui Yin, Yilong Zhang, Xin Lai, Chen Liu, Yuheng Luo, Junqiu Luo, Jun He, Bing Yu, Quyuan Wang, Huifen Wang, Daiwen Chen, Aimin Wu","doi":"10.3390/nu17030547","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17030547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ferroptosis is a regulated cell death process linked to various diseases. This study explored whether Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a tea-derived antioxidant, could regulate ferroptosis to alleviate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A DSS-induced colitis model was used to assess EGCG's effects. Ferroptosis markers, oxidative stress, and iron metabolism were evaluated, alongside Nrf2-GPX4 pathway activation and ferritin (FTH/L) expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Iron dysregulation and oxidative stress contributed to DSS-induced colitis by activating ferroptosis in colonic epithelial cells. EGCG supplementation inhibited ferroptosis, reducing oxidative damage. Mechanistically, EGCG activated the Nrf2-GPX4 pathway, enhancing antioxidant defense, and improved iron metabolism by upregulating ferritin expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EGCG effectively suppressed DSS-induced ferroptosis and colitis, highlighting its potential as a ferroptosis inhibitor and therapeutic agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11820173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}