Nutrition reviews最新文献

{"title":"Meta-Analysis of Palmitoylethanolamide in Pain Management: Addressing Literature Gaps and Enhancing Understanding.","authors":"Isabel Viña, Miguel López-Moreno","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Chronic pain is a debilitating condition that affects a significant proportion of the population. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), a naturally occurring fatty acid amide derived from omega-7 fatty acids, has emerged as a safe and effective alternative for pain management and exerts its effects by interacting with the endocannabinoid system, modulating inflammation, and regulating immune responses.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of PEA in alleviating pain across various pathologies, considering the nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic nature of pain.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A systematic search was conducted of 4 databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Collaboration Library.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Randomized clinical trials were selected for analysis. This meta-analysis included 18 studies involving 1196 patients.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Continuous variables were assessed using a standard mean difference (SMD). Heterogeneity was evaluated using the χ2 test and I2 statistics. Pain was significantly reduced in the PEA group at 6 weeks (SMD, -0.9; 95% CI, -1.60 to -0.31), 8 weeks (SMD, -0.98; 95% CI, -1.61 to -0.36), and 24-26 weeks (SMD, -1.16; 95% CI, -2.15 to -0.17). Quality of life, including pain-related items, was significantly higher in the PEA group (SMD, -0.61; 95% CI, -0.93 to -0.30). Significant differences in favor of PEA were observed at 4 (SMD, -0.36; 95% CI, -0.65 to -0.07) and 8 weeks (SMD, -0.66; 95% CI, -1.15 to -0.17). Palmitoylethanolamide was effective for all pain types: nociceptive (SMD, -0.74; 95% CI, -1.42 to -0.06), neuropathic (SMD, -0.97; 95% CI, -1.54 to -0.39), and nociplastic (SMD, -0.59; 95% CI, -1.15 to -0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis confirmed that PEA effectively reduces pain and enhances quality of life, with significant benefits observed within 4-6 weeks of treatment. Palmitoylethanolamide is a promising alternative to chronic opioid analgesics, potentially reducing the risk of opioid abuse and dependency.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42024550546.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Total and Partial Meal Replacements on Factors Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Niloofar Sadat Maddahi, Mohammad Hassan Sohouli, Elma Izze da Silva Magalhães, Neda Ezoddin, Azadeh Nadjarzadeh","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Although some evidence shows the beneficial effects of meal replacements (MRs) on glucose metabolism as one of the main factors of diabetes, there are still no comprehensive findings in this field.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the effects of total and partial MRs on fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in this comprehensive study and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>To find pertinent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to March 2024, databases including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase were searched.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>This study included all RCTs investigating the effects of MRs on factors related to glucose metabolism. The pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CIs were computed using the random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>The findings from 52 studies indicated significant reductions in FBS (WMD: -3.10 mg/dL; 95% CI: -4.99, -1.20; P < .001), insulin (WMD: -1.79 μU/mL; 95% CI: -3.51, -0.08; P = .40), HOMA-IR (WMD: -0.86; 95% CI: -1.68, -0.04; P = .040), and HbA1c (WMD: -0.24%; 95% CI: -0.35%, -0.13%; P < .001) levels following MR consumption compared with the control group. The findings obtained from the subgroup analysis showed that MRs cause a greater decrease in FBS, insulin, and HOMA-IR in the >50-years age group compared with those aged ≤50 years and also during interventions ≤24 weeks compared with >24 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, it appears that MRs, along with other lifestyle factors, can lead to significant improvements in glucose metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence and Determinants of Undernutrition Among Infants and Children Aged 6 Months to 5 Years in Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Systematic Scoping Review.","authors":"Francis P Riwa, Kate Odgers-Jewell, Mark A Jones, Andrew A Mushi","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among infants and children aged 6 months to 5 years in sub-Saharan African countries.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite substantial progress over the past 20 years, undernutrition has remained an alarming global challenge. Sub-Saharan Africa is the only region where the prevalence of stunting in children younger than 5 years has significantly increased. This study seeks to update the evidence on the prevalence and determinants of childhood undernutrition in this vulnerable region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic scoping review was conducted following the 2018 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews. Five electronic databases were searched on December 14, 2022, with no date or language restrictions. Primary studies presenting evidence on the prevalence and determinants of childhood undernutrition among infants and children aged 6 months to 5 years were included. Data on the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight, and on determinants of undernutrition were extracted, described, and compared with national survey data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 59 publications from 11 countries were included, with most studies conducted in Ethiopia (n = 38) and Tanzania (n = 7). Stunting prevalence ranged from 8% to 64%, wasting prevalence ranged from 1% to 58%, and the prevalence of underweight ranged from 2% to 63%. The most frequently reported determinants of undernutrition were the child's age (>24 months), male sex, maternal illiteracy, diarrhea or illness in the past 2 weeks, low household socioeconomic status, or living in a larger household (n > 4 members). Overall, 56% of the included studies reported higher stunting prevalence, 60% reported higher wasting prevalence, and 57% reported a higher prevalence of underweight than reported by relevant national surveys.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of childhood undernutrition reported by primary studies is often higher than that reported by national surveys. Several immediate and underlying determinants influence childhood undernutrition. Future research should incorporate the findings from primary research to develop holistic, multistrategy approaches to address childhood undernutrition in sub-Saharan African countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dietary Interventions in Patients With Migraine: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Alberto Roldán-Ruiz, Gabriele Bertotti, Miguel López-Moreno","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Migraine is a disabling neurological disorder. Diet may be a factor to consider because measures of diet quality have been linked to both frequency and severity of attacks.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effects of dietary interventions on the clinical symptoms of migraine, quality of life, and body composition of patients with migraine.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>The MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Sciences databases were searched since database inception to February 13, 2024. We included articles on randomized clinical trials that assessed the effect dietary interventions on clinical symptoms of migraines and the quality of life and body composition of individuals with migraine.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Data from the included articles were independently extracted by 2 researchers; another independent reviewer further verified the extractions. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias of selected studies, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale was used to assess the methodological quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight articles were included in this review. Of these, 3 reported on studies that assessed the ketogenic diet (KD), 2 reported on the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and 3 reported on studies of other dietary strategies. Strong evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of the KD and DASH in reducing the frequency of migraine attacks, whereas their efficacy in improving patients' quality of life was supported only by limited evidence. There also is strong evidence regarding the effectiveness of DASH in reducing migraine's severity and patients' body weight. Insufficient evidence was found regarding the effectiveness of the other dietary interventions on all variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The DASH and KD may help reduce migraine frequency and severity. However, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm their effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO No. CRD42024516161.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of breakfast protein intake on muscle mass and strength in adults: a scoping review.","authors":"Inn-Kynn Khaing, Yu Tahara, Odgerel Chimed-Ochir, Shigenobu Shibata, Tatsuhiko Kubo","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuad167","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuad167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The distribution of protein intake throughout the day is frequently skewed, with breakfast having the lowest protein intake across all age groups. There is no review that addresses the association between breakfast protein intake and muscle mass and strength.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This scoping review aims to summarize the literature on the relationship between protein intake during breakfast and muscle mass and strength in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Two independent reviewers screened and appraised the articles identified from 3 electronic databases (Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus) that focused on protein intake per meal and its impact on muscle-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 14 763 articles were retrieved from 3 databases, and after the screening process, 15 articles were included for analysis. Approximately 58.8% of findings from 11 studies examining the association between high protein intake during breakfast and muscle mass indicated an increase in muscle mass among participants. Half of 6 studies (50.0%) exploring the relationship between high protein intake at breakfast and muscle strength demonstrated an increase in muscle strength. Consuming high amounts of protein at breakfast or more protein in the morning than in the evening was associated with an increase in the skeletal muscle index and lean body mass.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Protein consumption at breakfast revealed potential benefits in increasing muscle mass across 5 studies involving an elderly population and 2 studies encompassing middle-aged women and young men in our review. However, the relationship between protein intake at breakfast and muscle strength remains unclear. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to examine whether adults can preserve skeletal muscle health outcomes by consuming higher amounts of protein at breakfast.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"175-199"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139465598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of a ketogenic diet on inflammation-related markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Jiawei Ji, Danial Fotros, Mohammad Hassan Sohouli, Periyannan Velu, Somaye Fatahi, Yinghao Liu","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuad175","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuad175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Despite the important role of inflammation-related factors on the occurrence of chronic diseases, there is still conflicting evidence about the effects of the ketogenic diet (KD) on these factors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In order to obtain a better viewpoint, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of a KD on inflammation-related markers.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>To find pertinent randomized controlled trials up to August 2023, databases including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>This study included all randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of a KD on C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10 levels. Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were achieved by random-effects model analysis for the best estimation of outcomes.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Forty-four studies were included in this article. The pooled findings showed that a KD has an effect on lowering TNF-α (WMD: -0.32 pg/mL; 95% CI: -0.55, -0.09; P = 0.007) and IL-6 (WMD: -0.27 pg/mL; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.02; P = 0.036) compared with control groups. However, no significant effect was reported for others inflammation marker-related levels. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that, in trials following the KD for ≤8 weeks and in people aged ≤50 years, the reduction in TNF-α levels was significantly higher than in other groups. In addition, in people with a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2 compared to a body mass index ≤30 kg/m2, IL-6 levels decreased to a greater extent after receiving the KD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consequently, adherence to a KD appears to improve some markers associated with inflammation, including TNF-α and IL-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"40-58"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139465883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the physiological factors relating to energy balance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a scoping review.","authors":"Kay Nguo, Margaret McGowan, Stephanie Cowan, Zoe Davidson, Stephanie Pirotta, Aimee L Dordevic, Helena Teede, Maryam Hajishafiee, Mikaeli Carmichael, Lisa J Moran","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuad169","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuad169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs in 8%-13% of reproductive-aged women and is associated with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological dysfunction. Overweight and obesity are prevalent and exacerbate the features of PCOS. The aim of this review is to evaluate the extent of evidence examining the physiological factors affecting energy homeostasis, which may impact weight gain, weight loss, and weight maintenance in PCOS, and identify research gaps and recommendations for future research. Literature searches using MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, AMED, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were conducted up to June 22, 2022. Abstracts, non-English-language articles, and reviews were excluded. A total of n = 78 (n = 55 energy intake and n = 23 energy expenditure) primary research papers were included. Papers with multiple outcomes of interest were counted as separate studies. Energy-intake studies (n = 89) focussed on assessing food, nutrient, or supplements stimuli and were grouped into the outcomes of gastrointestinal appetite hormones (n = 43), adipokines (n = 34), subjective appetite (n = 9), functional brain imaging (n = 3), and neuropeptides (n = 0). Energy-expenditure studies (n = 29) were grouped into total energy expenditure (n = 1), resting energy expenditure (n = 15), meal-induced thermogenesis (n = 3), nutrient oxidation (n = 5), and metabolic flexibility (n = 5). Across both energy-intake and -expenditure papers, 60% of the studies compared outcome responses in women with PCOS with a control group. Results were inconsistent, with 57% reporting no differences and 43% reporting altered responses in PCOS compared with controls, including blunted appetite hormone responses, metabolic inflexibility, and reduced energy expenditure. The authors identified that there is inconsistent, yet preliminary, evidence of possible altered physiological factors, which may impact energy balance and weight management. Further work is needed to act on the identified clinical and research gaps to support women with PCOS and health professionals in informing and achieving realistic weight-management goals for women with PCOS.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>The protocol was prospectively registered on the Open Science Framework on February 16, 2021 (https://osf.io/9jnsm).</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"160-174"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of the Mediterranean diet on alleviating depressive symptoms in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni, Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno, Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez, Estela Jiménez-López, Sergio Núñez de Arenas-Arroyo, Alicia Saz-Lara, Valentina Díaz-Goñi, Arthur Eumann Mesas","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuad176","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuad176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>High adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with a reduced risk of depression in prospective cohort studies, but whether MD interventions are effective among adults with depression is uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to synthesize findings on the effects of MD interventions on the severity of depressive symptoms in adults with depression.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched from database inception to March 2023. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines and the Cochrane recommendations were followed. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing outcomes after MD interventions with outcomes for control conditions in adults with depressive disorders or depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Two authors extracted the data independently. The Sidik-Jonkman estimator, the I2 metric, and the prediction interval were used to estimate between-study heterogeneity. To determine the risk of bias and the certainty of evidence from RCTs, we used the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias 2 and Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tools, respectively.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>In total, 1507 participants (mean age range: 22.0 years-53.3 years) with depression were initially included in the 5 RCTs of this review. Compared with control conditions, MD interventions significantly reduced depressive symptoms among young and middle-aged adults with major depression or mild to moderate depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference: -0.53; 95% confidence interval: -0.90 to -0.16; I2 = 87.1%). The prediction interval ranged from -1.86 to 0.81. The overall risk of bias was within the range of \"some concerns\" to \"high,\" while the certainty of evidence was low.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MD interventions appear to have substantial potential for alleviating depressive symptoms in people experiencing major or mild depression. However, to establish robust recommendations, there remains a need for high-quality, large-scale, and long-term RCTs.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022341895.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"29-39"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139465992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of intermittent dieting with break periods on body composition and metabolic adaptation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Eric Tsz-Chun Poon, Jaclyn Hei Tsang, Fenghua Sun, Chen Zheng, Stephen Heung-Sang Wong","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuad168","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuad168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Intermittent dieting incorporated with break periods (INT-B) has recently been promoted as an alternative dietary approach for optimal weight management.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the effectiveness of INT-B compared with that of conventional continuous energy restriction (CER) for improving body composition and attenuating metabolic adaptation.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A systematic search was conducted on 6 databases using all available records until July 2023.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>The extracted data included the lead author, year of publication, population characteristics, intervention protocols, duration, and adherence.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for within-group and between-group comparisons of anthropometric and metabolic outcomes. Subgroup moderator analysis was performed for the types of INT-B, intervention duration, and population characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1469 records, 12 randomized trials (with 881 participants) were included. Within-group analyses demonstrated significant improvements in body mass, fat mass, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference following both INT-B and CER, with no significant group differences. However, resting metabolic rate (RMR) was significantly reduced following CER only. The compensatory reduction in RMR was significantly smaller following INT-B compared with CER, suggesting a lesser degree of metabolic adaptation. INT-B had a more significant effect on RMR retention in individuals with overweight/obesity compared with resistance-trained individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review provides up-to-date evidence for INT-B as a viable dietary strategy to improve body composition and attenuate metabolic adaptation.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023448959.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"59-71"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139403883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Plant-Based Diets on Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Zekiye Zeynep Bostan, Melike Şare Bulut, Buket Özen Ünaldı, Ceren Albayrak Buhurcu, Gamze Akbulut","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that leads to chronic inflammation and joint damage. Various plant-based diets are thought to have effects on RA symptoms and disease activity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Relevant literature on the effect of different types of plant-based diets on RA was reviewed.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A systematic search was conducted using the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Articles on observational and interventional human studies carried out in the adult population and published in English between February 2013 and April 2023 were eligible for inclusion. Articles reporting on studies performed in populations under 18 years of age, with unclear methods and results, or for which the full text was unavailable were excluded. The risk of bias in the selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Of 547 screened articles, 15 were included, comprising 4 cross-sectional, 2 cohort, and 9 randomized controlled trials. These studies examined the effects of various diets, including the Mediterranean, low-fat high-carbohydrate, anti-inflammatory, and vegan, on RA. Results indicate adherence to plant-based diets generally reduced disease severity and improved dietary intake, physical activity, body weight, and key clinical markers such as the Disease Activity Score-28, Visual Analog Scale score, Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein level in patients with in RA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most of the studies suggested the Mediterranean diet may positively affect the severity of RA. However, the included studies show heterogeneity. Therefore, more randomized controlled studies are needed in this area to increase understanding of the effect of diet on RA and facilitate the implementation of strategies to prevent RA.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023420577.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}