Nutrition reviews最新文献

{"title":"Adherence and Retention in Early or Late Time-Restricted Eating: A Narrative Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Yi Lin, Armin Ezzati, Christian McLaren, Rola S Zeidan, Stephen D Anton","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae195","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a form of intermittent fasting that involves reducing the time-period in which food is typically consumed daily. While TRE is known to induce health benefits, particularly for adults with obesity, there is currently debate about whether the time of day in which food is consumed also contributes to the health benefits of TRE. Early TRE (eTRE) and late TRE (lTRE) are subtypes of TRE that involve consuming food and caloric beverages either in the early or later part of the day. A growing body of literature indicates that eTRE may offer additional health benefits compared with lTRE. An important and unanswered question, however, is whether most adults can adhere to this type of eating pattern and whether adherence and retention differ between eTRE and lTRE. This narrative review compared adherence and retention in studies that implemented either eTRE or lTRE in adults for 8 weeks or longer. Five databases were searched, and 10 studies met our eligibility criteria. The key finding was that participants had high and comparable levels of adherence and retention in both eTRE and lTRE interventions. Specifically, the mean adherence rate was 81.4% for eTRE and 82.3% for lTRE, while the mean retention rate was 81% for eTRE and 85.8% for lTRE in eligible studies. Thus, the findings support the feasibility of both approaches. The lowest adherence and retention rates occurred in studies in which either eTRE or lTRE regimens were combined with other dietary interventions. Notably, the duration of the eating window did not seem to negatively affect adherence and retention rates for either eTRE or lTRE. More research is warranted to determine the influence of other factors, such as age and study location, on adherence to and retention of both eTRE and lTRE interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e2082-e2092"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Data May Support the Development of Personalized Nutrition Approaches to Type 2 Diabetes Management.","authors":"Danielle J Lee, Shragvi Balaji, Jerome I Rotter, Alexis C Wood","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet is a major modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), and suboptimal diets continue to contribute substantially to the population burden of T2D. Personalized nutrition proponents argue that specializing recommendations to interindividual differences in diet-health relationships will yield reductions in disease risk. However, how to personalize diet, and to whom, to reduce T2D risk remains unclear. Metabolites offer promise in this respect, as they capture (in part) dietary intake after the processes of digestion, processing, and absorption. The incorporation of metabolite data into diet-health studies therefore offers the opportunity to examine how the effects of food on the metabolome differ between individuals, and the extent that these differences give rise to differential diet-health associations. Ultimately, such studies hold promise for identifying personalized nutrition strategies to reduce the population-level burden of T2D.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1374-1377"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D as a Modifiable Risk Factor for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies Comparing Baseline Vitamin D in Children with JIA to Individuals Without.","authors":"Kathleen Zang, Resham Bhatia, Elizabeth Xue, Kalia J Bennett, Katherine H Luo, Monali S Malvankar-Mehta","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae148","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The varying interactions contributing to the development of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) drive the struggle to understand its etiology. Among the environmental risk factors, vitamin D has been posited to have a component in disease progression, acting as an inflammatory mediator.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, indicative of vitamin D, among patients diagnosed with JIA compared with control participants. The aim was to elucidate potential therapeutic implications of vitamin D in the management of JIA.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A systematic search of 6 electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) was performed until February 2023. Inclusion criteria required participants to be <16 years old (either clinically diagnosed with JIA or a matched control participant), with vitamin D levels measured through serum laboratory methods. Exclusion criteria omitted studies in which participants used vitamin D supplementation or medications affecting vitamin D levels without corresponding statistical analyses on their association with vitamin D levels.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Each article was reviewed by at least 2 independent reviewers to assess eligibility for analysis.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Data were qualitatively analyzed to compare means of serum 25(OH)D levels (ng/mL) between patients with JIA and control participants, followed by a meta-analysis to obtain effect size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten eligible studies were included qualitatively, and eight were included in the meta-analysis. Seven studies found a statistically significant difference in vitamin D levels between control participants and patients with JIA, with five of these reporting a lower mean vitamin D level in patients with JIA. A random-effects model using standardized mean difference found a statistically significant difference in vitamin D levels between control participants and patients with JIA (-0.49; 95% CI, -0.92 to -0.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings from the analysis indicate vitamin D levels were lower in patients with JIA as compared with healthy control participants at baseline. It is recommended that research into vitamin D supplementation and JIA should be conducted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1362-e1371"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence and Determinants of Undernutrition Among Infants and Children Aged 6 Months to 5 Years in Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Systematic Scoping Review.","authors":"Francis P Riwa, Kate Odgers-Jewell, Mark A Jones, Andrew A Mushi","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae189","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among infants and children aged 6 months to 5 years in sub-Saharan African countries.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite substantial progress over the past 20 years, undernutrition has remained an alarming global challenge. Sub-Saharan Africa is the only region where the prevalence of stunting in children younger than 5 years has significantly increased. This study seeks to update the evidence on the prevalence and determinants of childhood undernutrition in this vulnerable region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic scoping review was conducted following the 2018 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews. Five electronic databases were searched on December 14, 2022, with no date or language restrictions. Primary studies presenting evidence on the prevalence and determinants of childhood undernutrition among infants and children aged 6 months to 5 years were included. Data on the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight, and on determinants of undernutrition were extracted, described, and compared with national survey data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 59 publications from 11 countries were included, with most studies conducted in Ethiopia (n = 38) and Tanzania (n = 7). Stunting prevalence ranged from 8% to 64%, wasting prevalence ranged from 1% to 58%, and the prevalence of underweight ranged from 2% to 63%. The most frequently reported determinants of undernutrition were the child's age (>24 months), male sex, maternal illiteracy, diarrhea or illness in the past 2 weeks, low household socioeconomic status, or living in a larger household (n > 4 members). Overall, 56% of the included studies reported higher stunting prevalence, 60% reported higher wasting prevalence, and 57% reported a higher prevalence of underweight than reported by relevant national surveys.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of childhood undernutrition reported by primary studies is often higher than that reported by national surveys. Several immediate and underlying determinants influence childhood undernutrition. Future research should incorporate the findings from primary research to develop holistic, multistrategy approaches to address childhood undernutrition in sub-Saharan African countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1896-e1916"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, Sugar, and Fiber Intake in Association With Breast Cancer Risk: An Updated Meta-analysis.","authors":"Hugo Pomares-Millan, Solange M Saxby, Sham Al-Mashadi Dahl, Margaret R Karagas, Michael N Passarelli","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Several prospective cohort studies have investigated the association between glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), dietary sugar, and total dietary fiber intake, with female breast cancer (BC) risk and reported inconsistent results. In the last decade, several large epidemiological studies have investigated these associations, suggesting the need to revisit the current body of evidence.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to update a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by Schlesinger et al in 2017 using recent scientific evidence published since 2015.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Publications indexed in PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library were retrieved from the inception of the database up to January 2024.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed each study's quality.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>A random-effects model was used to estimate summary risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs for a meta-analysis that included 33 publications, with 26 prospective cohort studies cumulatively enrolling 2 212 645 women, among whom 79 777 were diagnosed with incident BC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dietary GI and GL (highest vs lowest exposure intake) were both associated with 5% higher BC risk-RR (95% CI): 1.05 (1.01-1.09; P = .007) and 1.05 (0.97-1.13; P = .24), respectively. No clear associations were observed for sugar and total dietary fiber intake (highest vs lowest exposure intake)-RR (95% CI): 1.12 (0.95-1.11; P = .16) and 0.93 (0.86-1.00; P = .05), respectively. For the latter, the association was more pronounced among premenopausal women (RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.68-0.90; P = .0008).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis supports a significant positive association between high dietary GI intake and higher risk of BC and a significant inverse association between high dietary fiber intake and lower risk of BC. Interventions promoting a high-fiber and low-sugar diet may be useful components of BC-prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023463143.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1171-1182"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Mediterranean Diet Supplemented With Olive Oil Versus the Low-Fat Diet on Serum Inflammatory and Endothelial Indexes Among Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Controlled Trials.","authors":"Behnaz Pourrajab, Danial Fotros, Parastoo Asghari, Farzad Shidfar","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae166","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are important risk factors for chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and related mortality.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of 2 popular dietary patterns-a Mediterranean (MED) diet supplemented with olive oil and a low-fat diet (LFD)-on factors related to inflammation and endothelial function in adults.</p><p><strong>Data sources and data extraction: </strong>The following online databases were searched for related studies published until August 7, 2024: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Clarivate Analytics Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar. Two independent researchers selected the studies based on the eligibility criteria.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>The effect sizes were expressed as Hedges' g with 95% CIs. A total of 16 eligible trials with 20 effect sizes were included in the analyses. This meta-analysis revealed that the MED diet supplemented with olive oil significantly improved all of the indicators of the study compared with the LFD, except in the case of E-selectin, in which a low and nonsignificant decrease was reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Available evidence suggests that a MED diet supplemented with olive oil compared with the LFD significantly improves inflammation and serum endothelial function in adults.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023485718.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1421-e1440"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Fermented Kimchi Consumption on Anthropometric and Blood Cardiometabolic Indicators: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies and Prospective Cohort Studies.","authors":"Seoeun Ahn, Manije Darooghegi Mofrad, Briana M Nosal, Ock K Chun, Hyojee Joung","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae167","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Increasing global kimchi consumption has prompted interest in its health impact. However, comprehensive reviews of the influence of kimchi on cardiometabolic risk factors, especially meta-analyses, remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review assessed the impact of fermented kimchi consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors by systematically reviewing human intervention and prospective cohort studies, and conducting a meta-analysis of intervention studies.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, RISS, KISS, and ScienceON databases was conducted through April 30, 2024. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies that examined the effects of fermented kimchi, without any added ingredients or lactic acid bacteria, on health outcomes, including anthropometric measures, blood pressure, cardiometabolic and glycemic indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and the incidence of related chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Data extraction and quality evaluation were conducted independently by 3 researchers.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Pooled effect sizes were calculated as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% CIs employing random-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five intervention studies (205 participants) and 4 prospective cohort studies (42 455 participants) were selected. A meta-analysis of the intervention studies revealed a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose (WMD: -1.93 mg/dL; 95% CI: -3.82, -0.03; I2 = 17.4%) following the consumption of fermented kimchi. After excluding studies that contributed to increased heterogeneity, significant inverse associations were observed between fermented kimchi consumption and triglycerides (WMD: -28.9 mg/dL; 95% CI: -53.2, -4.5; I2 = 0.0%), systolic blood pressure (WMD: -3.48 mmHg; 95% CI: -5.95, -1.01, I2 = 0.0%), and diastolic blood pressure (WMD: -2.68 mmHg; 95% CI: -4.75, -0.62; I2 = 0.0%). Prospective cohort studies linked higher kimchi intake with a lower incidence of cancer and metabolic syndrome and an increased likelihood of achieving normal body weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review supports beneficial effects of fermented kimchi on cardiometabolic health. However, due to the limited number of studies, these findings should be interpreted cautiously, highlighting the need for further research in diverse populations.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration No. CRD42024532020.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1441-e1457"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Health Education Interventions in Enhancing Iron-Folic Acid Supplement Utilization Among Pregnant Women: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Jira Wakoya Feyisa, Judy Yuen-Man Siu, Xue Bai","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae196","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>During pregnancy, the underutilization of iron-folic acid supplements (IFAS) remains a considerable maternal and child health issue. Hence, health education intervention trials were conducted following the recommendation of the World Health Organization and epidemiological studies to enhance the utilization level of the supplements during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of health education interventions in enhancing IFAS utilization during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A thorough search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, Medline, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from August 28 until October 31, 2023.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>This study incorporated randomized and quasi-experimental studies that examined the effectiveness of health education interventions in enhancing IFAS utilization during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, version 4, which includes the prediction interval, was used for the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this meta-analysis and systematic review, 21 articles comprising 6643 pregnant women from different countries were included. The random-effects model was applied to determine the pooled standardized differences in means (0.786; 95% CI: 0.551, 1.021). The prediction interval shows the range of true standardized differences in means (95% CI: -0.168, 1.740), which indicates the variations in the true effect size of health education interventions in enhancing IFAS utilization during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In addition to pooled effect size, another significant advantage of this meta-analysis is conducting the prediction interval to determine the range of the true effect size, which ranges from -0.168 to 1.740 across the groups of different pregnant women, indicating variability in the effectiveness of the interventions in enhancing IFAS utilization during pregnancy. This might occur because most of the primary studies in this meta-analysis were conducted at healthcare facilities and mostly focused on anemic pregnant women attending antenatal care, which did not control for sociocultural determinants. Therefore, future researchers should consider these limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1564-e1580"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of and factors associated with formula feeding among mothers with infants 0-6 months of age in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Zenebe Abebe Gebreegziabher, Birhan Ewunu Semagn, Agmasie Damtew Walle, Werkneh Melkie Tilahun, Mahider Awoke Belay, Wubet Tazeb Wondie, Gezahagn Demsu Gedefaw, Tadesse Mamo Dejene, Fitsum Zekarias Mohammed","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae201","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Inconsistent results have been reported regarding the prevalence of and factors associated with formula feeding in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of and factors associated with formula feeding among mothers with infants 0-6 months of age in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across 3 databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and ScienceDirect) and the Google Scholar search engine to identify relevant studies published up to April 2, 2024.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>After assessing the quality of each study using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies, data were independently extracted by 2 authors using pre-designed forms in an Excel spreadsheet. Any disagreements were resolved through discussion and consultation with additional authors.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Statistical heterogeneity across studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the proportions, due to high heterogeneity, while a fixed-effect meta-analysis was used to pool associated factors with low heterogeneity. A sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the potential impact of outlier studies on the overall estimates. Five studies, with a combined sample size of 2344 participants, were included. The pooled prevalence of formula feeding was 34.0% (95% CI: 23.0%, 44.0%). Factors significantly associated with formula feeding included cesarean delivery (POR [pooled odds ratio] = 4.72, 95% CI: 3.32, 6.71) compared with vaginal delivery, a positive attitude toward formula feeding (POR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.45, 3.53) compared with a negative attitude, initiation of breastfeeding more than 1 hour after delivery (POR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.25, 4.13) compared with initiation within 1 hour, and receiving information about formula feeding from friends or family (POR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.46, 4.20) compared with receiving information from health-care professionals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of formula feeding in Ethiopia is significant. Cesarean delivery, a positive attitude toward formula feeding, late initiation of breastfeeding, and receiving formula feeding-related information from friends and family were positively associated with formula feeding. Given these findings, the authors recommend that public health interventions in Ethiopia target these key determinants to decrease the high prevalence of formula feeding practices observed in the country. Strategies addressing factors such as promoting vaginal delivery, improving attitudes toward breastfeeding, encouraging early breastfeeding initiation, and limiting the influence of social networks on formula-feeding decisions may be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1843-e1852"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension in Relation to Circulating Magnesium Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.","authors":"Shahnaz Amani Tirani, Parisa Rouhani, Parvane Saneei","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>There was no consistency regarding the findings of preceding studies on the association between magnesium levels and hypertension.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was to investigate the relationship between circulating magnesium concentration and hypertension.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>To obtain epidemiological studies that investigated the association between circulating magnesium and hypertension, Web of Science (ISI), MEDLINE (PubMed), and Scopus databases as well as Google Scholar were searched up to February 2024, with no time or language restriction.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Observational studies examined the relationship between hypertension and circulating magnesium levels were included and related data were extracted.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>In total, 3 cohort studies (with 15 730 subjects) and 19 cross-sectional studies (with 42 702 subjects) were included. The combination of 25 effect sizes from 22 studies showed an inverse relationship between circulating magnesium concentration and hypertension (OR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.56-0.76) by comparing highest versus lowest levels of circulating magnesium concentration. We note, however, that there was a significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 81.1%; P < .001). A linear dose-response analysis of 21 eligible studies revealed that each 0.5 mg/dL increase in circulating magnesium concentration was linked to 7% decreased odds of hypertension (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.91-0.95). A nonlinear U-shaped association was also found between circulating magnesium concentration and hypertension (Pnonlinearity = .01): Circulating magnesium levels of between 1.6 and 3.5 mg/dL were associated with a significantly decreased risk of hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Circulating magnesium concentration was inversely associated with odds of hypertension in a dose-response manner. Considering the high observed level of heterogeneity, it is necessary to conduct further population-based prospective studies to confirm this finding.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration No. 42024519446.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1277-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}