Nutrition reviews最新文献

{"title":"Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Health Outcomes in Adolescents: An Umbrella Review.","authors":"Annalisa Di Nucci, Marco Silano, Erica Cardamone","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae085","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Proper nutrition represents 1 of the domains of adolescents' well-being. In this context, the Mediterranean diet (MD), as a healthy, traditional, and sustainable dietary pattern, plays a crucial role in promoting adequate growth and preventing chronic noncommunicable diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The currently available evidence on the effects of adherence to the MD (AMD) in association with several physical health outcomes in adolescence is summarized in this review.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Five electronic databases were searched.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized clinical trials, published in English during 2013-2022, and that assessed the health impact of AMD among adolescents were eligible.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Details on study design, methods, population, assessment of dietary patterns, health outcomes, and main results were extracted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 59 references after removal of duplicates. Applying PICOS criteria, 4 systematic reviews and 3 meta-analyses ultimately were included in this review. The AMD was evaluated in association with overweight/obesity and adiposity in 2 studies, musculoskeletal health in another 2, inflammation in 1 study, and cardiometabolic health in 1 study. The seventh review examined all mentioned health outcomes (overweight and obesity, musculoskeletal health, inflammation, and cardiometabolic health) in relation to AMD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, this umbrella review showed limited evidence and a lack of consistency about the relation between AMD and health outcomes of interest in adolescence, indicating the need for more studies to better understand it.</p><p><strong>Systemic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023428712.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1329-e1342"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the Potential of l-α-Glycerylphosphorylcholine: From Metabolic Pathways to Therapeutic Applications.","authors":"Xiaohang Che, Yang Zhao, Zhongtian Xu, Yue Hu, Aoxin Ren, Chunfu Wu, Jingyu Yang","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>l-α-Glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), also known as choline alphoscerate or α-glycerophosphorylcholine, serves as both a pharmaceutical product and a dietary supplement. Through its metabolic pathways, GPC acts as the precursor not only of choline and acetylcholine but also of various phospholipids. Extensive preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrates that GPC effectively alleviates cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, cerebral ischemia, stress, and epilepsy, among other conditions. Additionally, GPC has beneficial effects on such conditions and measures as ischemic/hypoxic conditions, ionizing radiation-induced damage, exercise performance, growth hormone release, and liver damage. As well as facilitating cholinergic neurotransmission, evidence also indicates GPC, among other activities, also can promote γ-aminobutyric acid release, enhance protein kinase C activity, facilitate hippocampal neurogenesis, upregulate neurotrophic factors, and inhibit inflammation. In preclinical studies, results indicate that GPC is not genotoxic in vitro or in vivo. Extensive human studies indicate GPC causes no severe adverse effects. Possible risks of atherosclerosis and stroke await necessary validation. In this review, the GPC-related metabolic pathways, pharmacological effects, mechanisms of action, and safety evaluation are discussed with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of GPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trace Elements and Risk of Immune-Mediated Skin Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Xinyi Shao, Yi Ou, Tingqiao Chen, Binbin Deng, Jingbo Zhang, Jin Chen","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Evidence regarding the relationship between serum trace element levels and immune-mediated inflammatory skin diseases (IMSDs) is inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this systematic review and meta-analysis we aimed to evaluate the association between selected serum trace element levels (zinc [Zn], copper [Cu], iron [Fe], selenium [Se], and calcium [Ca]) and IMSDs (psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis [AD], alopecia areata [AA], hidradenitis suppurativa, and bullous diseases).</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive search on the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Web of Science databases from the database inception date to May 2, 2024. Studies measuring serum, plasma, or whole-blood levels of Zn, Cu, Fe, Se, or Ca in patients with IMSD compared to those in healthy controls were included.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>This study followed the guidelines of the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines. Two authors (X.Y.S. and Y.O.) independently reviewed the titles and abstracts of the identified studies using a standardized collection form.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>The primary outcome was the standardized mean difference with a 95% CI in serum trace element levels (Zn, Cu, Fe, Se, and Ca) between patients with IMSDs and healthy controls. Overall, 113 studies involving 7014 patients with IMSD were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with those in the healthy control group, serum Zn levels decreased in patients with vitiligo, psoriasis, and AA; serum Cu levels increased in patients with psoriasis, AD, and AA; serum Se and Fe levels decreased in patients with psoriasis and AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum trace element levels showed more significant changes in patients with IMSDs than in healthy controls. These findings suggest that alterations in trace element levels may be associated with the occurrence, development, and prognosis of IMSDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Roles of Apolipoprotein A1-Binding Protein in Metabolic Diseases.","authors":"Ruihan Li, Yuqi Tang, Wenjun Huang, Rong Li, Jiaqi Liu","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic disorders, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, are closely related to increased cardiovascular risks, significantly harming human life and health. Apolipoprotein A1-binding protein (AIBP), a multifunctional protein, plays crucial role in cholesterol metabolism. AIBP exerts an important action in managing metabolic diseases by interacting with apolipoprotein A-I and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 activities to regulate high-density lipoprotein)-mediated cholesterol transport and to maintain lipid homeostasis. In addition, AIBP suppresses inflammatory stress and abnormal angiogenesis, and acts as an NAD(P)HX epimerase to optimize energy metabolism. In this review, the multiple roles of AIBP in clinical metabolic diseases are summarized, and AIBP is proposed to be a potential therapeutic target against metabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Ketogenic Nutrition on Obesity and Metabolic Health: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Marta Biesiekierska, Maura Strigini, Agnieszka Śliwińska, Luciano Pirola, Aneta Balcerczyk","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ketogenic diet (KD) has recently gained increasing popularity. This high-fat, adequate-protein, and carbohydrate-poor eating pattern leads to nutritional ketosis. The KD has long been known for its antidiabetic and antiepileptic effects and has been used therapeutically in these contexts. Recently, the KD, due to its effectiveness in inducing weight loss, has also been proposed as a possible approach to treat obesity. Likewise, a KD is currently explored as a supporting element in the treatment of obesity-associated metabolic disorders and certain forms of cancer. Here, we discuss the metabolic and biochemical mechanisms at play during the shift of metabolism to fatty acids and fatty acid-derived ketone bodies as main fuel molecules, in the substitution of carbohydrates, in ketogenic nutrition. Different sources of ketone bodies and KDs as alternatives to glucose and carbohydrates as main energy substrates are discussed, together with an attempt to weigh the benefits and risks posed by the chronic use of a KD in the context of weight loss, and also considering the molecular effects that ketone bodies exert on metabolism and on the endocrine system.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional and Psychological Support as a Multidisciplinary Coordinated Approach in the Management of Chronic Liver Disease: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Mario Romeo, Marcello Dallio, Marina Cipullo, Annachiara Coppola, Chiara Mazzarella, Simone Mammone, Giorgia Iadanza, Carmine Napolitano, Paolo Vaia, Lorenzo Ventriglia, Alessandro Federico","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review emphasizes a novel, multidisciplinary, coordinated approach in the management of chronic liver diseases (CLDs).</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic liver diseases represent a significant global health burden, marked by a notable shift in the prevalence patterns from virus-related to metabolic and alcohol-related entities. Malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia exert a substantial impact on patients with cirrhosis, affecting 75%-90% of cases and escalating as the disease progresses. The European Association for the Study of the Liver recommends a comprehensive approach to nutritional care, emphasizing the need for detailed assessments in patients with cirrhosis, using diverse tools such as computed tomography scans, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and evaluations of muscle function. Considering the prevalence of nutritional and psychological disorders in the CLD population, the treatment of these patients should be founded indispensably on a multidisciplinary approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted of the PubMed, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS databases to identify trials investigating the health effects of nutritional and psychological assessments in patients with CLD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In dealing with the treatment of patients with CLD, an exploration of the psychological domain emerges as crucial, because psychological distress, especially depression, exerts a tangible influence on patient outcomes. Thus, the engagement of psychologists and/or psychotherapists, who might use techniques such as cognitive behavioral therapy, could enhance patients' comprehension of nutritional implications in their treatment and make them more aware of their illness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The review emphasizes the relevance of both nutritional and psychological assessments in patients with CLD that could improve patient education on the pivotal role of nutrition in disease management. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the combined impact of nutritional and psychological support are recommended to further investigate this complex clinical landscape.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Dietary Supplementation in the Relief of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies.","authors":"Natalia Mulinari Turin de Oliveira, Carolina Silva Schiebel, Karien Sauruk da Silva, Lara Luisa Valerio de Mello Braga, Camila Bach, Daniele Maria-Ferreira","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Supplementation with dietary components is a promising approach for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim was to examine the effects of dietary supplements on experimental animal models of IBD.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Articles were selected from 2016 to 2021 and from specific databases (PubMed, Embase, and Scopus).</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Forty-nine studies were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Of the 49 studies, 8 investigated supplementation with oils/polyunsaturated fatty acids, 5 with flavones, 5 with prebiotics and probiotics, 6 with amino acids, 4 with fruits, 4 with vegetables, 2 with minerals, 2 with vitamins, 3 with plants, 2 with polyphenols, and 8 from various sources. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, flavones, prebiotics, and probiotics are among the most extensively studied compounds. Protection is associated with reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, protecting the epithelial barrier and altering the microbiota; however, more rigorous protocols are needed to definitively confirm their protective effects and enable translational research. Fruits, vegetables, plant compounds, minerals, vitamins, and polyphenols, on the other hand, should be studied further and deserve more attention in research.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results included here support further research into the beneficial effects of supplementation in IBD. Some studies are more advanced and have presented more elaborate protocols, while others still require an increase in knowledge. The identification of dietary supplements that can improve the course of IBD could have an important and lasting impact on the treatment of IBD.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022295260.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Parenteral vs Oral Route of Vitamin B12 Supplementation for the Treatment of Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia in Children: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Meenakshi Sachdeva, Abhishek Purohit, Meenakshi Malik, Lovely Jain, Pranita Pradhan, Joseph L Mathew","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Vitamin B12 deficiency in children is treated with either parenteral or oral supplementation. Although the efficacy of supplementation is reportedly comparable for the 2 routes in adults, there is limited data for children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this review was to compare the efficacy and safety of parenteral vs oral B12 supplementation in children with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, four Clinical Trials Registries, and 2 gray literature databases, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the parenteral vs oral routes of administering B12 in children with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Among 6467 citations screened, there was only 1 eligible RCT, in which children with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia received 1 dose of 1000 µg parenterally before being randomized to either parenteral or oral therapy.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>After 3 months, the parenteral route resulted in higher B12 levels compared with the oral route (median [IQR]: 653 [459, 835] vs 506 [399, 726] pg/mL). The changes from baseline in vitamin B12 levels (median [IQR]: 600 [389, 775] vs 399 [313, 606] pg/mL, P = .016) and hemoglobin (2.7 [0.4, 4.6] vs 0.5 [-0.1, 1.2] g/dL, P = .001) were also significantly greater with the parenteral route. There was no data on safety. In terms of quality, the RCT was judged to be at \"high risk of bias.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Limited evidence from a single, methodologically weak RCT suggested that the parenteral route is more efficacious than the oral route. However, considering the limitations in quality and quantity of the available evidence, this should be interpreted with caution.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration No. CRD42024526597.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Nutritional Supplements for Reducing Homocysteine Levels in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.","authors":"Cai Liu, Hui Yao, Fang Wang","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>There are various therapeutic approaches available to reduce homocysteine (Hcy) levels. However, it remains unclear which intervention is more effective for healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) were conducted to comprehensively investigate the efficacy of different nutritional supplements in reducing Hcy levels in healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to July 2023.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>The lead author, year of publication, sample size, population characteristics, intervention measures, duration, and mean difference of Hcy levels from baseline to endline were extracted.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Network meta-analysis was conducted by integrating direct and indirect evidence. A total of 16 studies were included in this analysis. The nutritional supplement combination that achieved the highest ranking (surface under the cumulative ranking curve [SUCRA] = 75.8) was superior compared with a single supplement. Among similar or closely dosed folic acid (FA) supplements, 800 μg FA (SUCRA = 93.7) was the most effective option. When comparing various doses of different supplements, 1 mg of FA plus 7.2 mg of vitamin B6 (B6) plus 20 μg of vitamin B12 (B12; SUCRA = 83.9) ranked first and 800 μg of FA (SUCRA = 78.3) ranked second. In comparison with placebo or no-treatment control groups, interventions such as 1 mg of FA plus 7.2 mg of B6 plus 20 μg of B12 (mean difference [MD] = -1.03; 95% CI -1.71 to -0.36), 400 μg of FA plus 400 μg of B12 (MD = -0.87; 95% CI -1.46 to -0.27), and 800 μg of FA (MD =  -0.84; 95% CI -1.12 to -0.56) were more effective in reducing Hcy levels. The random-effects summary MD for all interventions compared with placebo was -0.59 (95% CI -0.71 to -0.48; P < .0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The NMA demonstrated that the combination of FA with other vitamins is more effective in reducing Hcy levels, particularly when the dose of FA is close to 800 μg. The combination of 1 mg of FA, 7.2 mg of B6, and 20 μg of B12 is considered the most favorable option.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023453123.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scoping Review of Methodologies Exploring Diet and Health Outcomes in Lactating Women: What Has Been Done and Where to Next?","authors":"Sofa Rahmannia, Gina Arena, Kevin Murray, Ana D Sakinah, Yughni A Thariqi, Aly Diana, Siobhan Hickling","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing dietary guidelines for lactating women presents significant challenges, due to limited evidence being available on their specific nutrient needs and the biological impacts of various dietary dimensions. Current dietary recommendations often rely on data from nonlactating women, leading to potential inaccuracies. The relationship between diet and health outcomes in lactating women remains underexplored, particularly across different dietary dimensions, such as nutrients, food groups, dietary patterns, and other specific dietary variables. The aims of this scoping review were to map the diverse methodologies employed in research into maternal diet during lactation, to identify the current gaps, and to suggest areas for future investigation. The review focused on the dietary variables studied in relation to breastfeeding outcomes, and offers insights into the current state of lactation nutrition research. A comprehensive search was conducted in the CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Embase databases up to December 13, 2022. The included studies encompassed original quantitative research on dietary intake among lactating women and any associated outcomes. Data extracted included study characteristics, dietary variables, and outcome measures, and they were analyzed using descriptive statistics and pivot tables. Of the 1666 relevant studies identified, 231 met the inclusion criteria. Most research was conducted in high-income and upper-middle-income countries. Studies mainly focused on relatively short lactation durations, nutrient-based dietary dimensions, and maternal outcomes, particularly breast milk composition. Maternal metabolic status and child outcomes, such as infant micronutrient status and longitudinal growth, were underexplored. Specific dietary variables included meal frequency and nutrient intake from various food sources. Commonly adjusted covariates were maternal age and socio-economic status, while contraceptive use and sanitation were often overlooked. Many areas of research concerning the diet-health relationship in lactating women remain unexplored. Filling these gaps will gather evidence to inform the development of dietary guidelines for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}