Nutrition reviews最新文献

{"title":"Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Processed Baby Foods and Infant Formulas Worldwide: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Sonia Collado-López, María Fernanda Rodríguez Hernández, Rosa María Mariscal-Moreno, Martha María Téllez-Rojo, Larissa Betanzos-Robledo, Moisés Reyes Luna, Alejandra Cantoral-Preciado","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to synthesize the global evidence of heavy metal (HM) concentrations in baby foods and infant formulas. The toxic HMs lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) have been detected in baby foods and infant formulas, raising health concerns. Advanced searches were performed. Baby foods were classified into 7 groups according to their primary ingredient. Infant formulas were classified as: Stage 1 (<6 months), stage 2 (6-12 months), stage 3 (>12-36 months), and specialty. Median concentrations and interquartile ranges were calculated for each classification. The percentage of items by category exceeding the International Maximum Levels (MLs) was obtained. Seventy-five studies were included in the scoping review, which in total examined 580 baby foods and 251 infant formulas. Pb, Cd, and As were detected in over 60% of baby foods. The highest Pb median was found in rice mixes and fish mixes (0.008 mg/kg each), with >20% of their items exceeding the Pb ML. The highest Cd median was found in cereals (0.013 mg/kg) and mixes of various foods (0.008 mg/kg), with >17% of their items exceeding the Cd ML. For As, the highest median was found in mixed fish (0.165 mg/kg) and rice mixes (0.048 mg/kg), with 89% and 30% of items exceeding the As ML, respectively. For infant formulas, Pb, Cd, and As were detected in >60% of items. The highest Pb median concentrations were found in stages 1 and 2 (0.015 mg/kg each), with >60% of their items exceeding the Pb MLs. For As, without-stage (0.052 mg/kg) had the highest median, with >71% of items exceeding the As ML. Fifteen studies reported the health risks related to intake of various foods: significant risks were identified for infants ≥6 months for rice products, and ≤12 months stage 1 and 2 formulas. This review highlights widespread HM presence in baby foods and infant formulas. Exceedances of the ML were particularly notable in rice products for infants >6 months and infant formulas for babies ≤12 months of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Different Types of Olive Oil on Glucose Control and Insulin Sensitivity: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of 51 Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Alireza Takhttavous, Kimia Rostampour, Shirin Gerami, Mohsen Mohammadi-Sartang","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Olive oil as food is composed mainly of fatty acids and bioactive compounds with diverse and attractive biological activities that have an inverse relationship with insulin resistance and diabetes-related factors. However, the results of available clinical trials are inconsistent. Therefore, we summarized 51 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and evaluated the association of olive oil intervention with glycemic control in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Sciences databases was performed to identify RCTs investigating the effect of different olive oil types on any glycemic profile component. Quantitative data were synthesized using either a fixed or random-effects model, with a weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CI for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the primary search, 2705 articles were found, of which 115 were assessed in full text, and 51 trials (n = 4334 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. We found the consumption of olive oil was not associated with statistically significant changes in blood glucose (WMD = -0.04 mg dL-1; 95% CI, -0.1 to 0.02; P = .18; I2 = 27.05%), insulin (WMD = -0.3 µIU mL-1; 95% CI, -0.99 to 0.38; P = .39; I2 = 91.49%), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD = 0.02%, 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.06; P = .21; I2 = 0%) and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD = -0.09; 95% CI, -0.25 to 0.06; P = .26; I2 = 73.13%). The nonlinear dose-response analysis showed a significant association between the olive dose and HOMA-IR (P = .024 for nonlinearity). Also, the duration of olive oil intervention showed a significant nonlinear relationship with HOMA-IR (P = .025 for nonlinearity), insulin (P = .002 for nonlinearity), and HbA1c (P = .048 for nonlinearity) in dose-response analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our comprehensive review and meta-analysis of 51 RCTs indicate that olive oil consumption by adults does not significantly affect overall glycemic control. However, a daily dose of 25-50 g significantly improves the HOMA-IR parameter, suggesting a potential benefit for diabetes management. These findings highlight the need for further research to fully understand the practical implications of olive oil consumption in diabetes care.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration No. CRD42023459523.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Integrative Review of Home Enteral Nutrition in the Brazilian Unified Health System.","authors":"Rubia D Thieme, Thais S Rolim, Luana F Engel, Giuliane de M Wrobel, Maria E M Schieferdecker","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Indication for home enteral nutrition (HEN) has increased throughout the world. In Brazil, the Ministry of Health recommends that municipalities define a protocol for nutritional care to patients on HEN.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To verify and describe the scientific evidence about HEN in the Unified Health System and discuss its weaknesses and potentialities.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>MEDLINE, LILACS, and SciELO databases were carried out in January 2024 and included articles published from 2012 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>A total of 875 publications were identified, and the final sample comprised 16 articles.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>The themes of the studies included the socioeconomic and demographic profiles of patients on HEN and their caregivers, public policies and programs aimed at special feeding needs, the nutritional and clinical status of patients on HEN, incidents related to the use of feeding tubes, the caregiver's role, the health workers' apprehensions, and guidelines for the use of HEN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The scientific evidence on HEN in Unified Health System is diverse and reflects sparse realities in Brazil, which is one of the weaknesses observed. The evidence demonstrates the importance of improving the registration system to consolidate public policies and programs related to the area-presented as a potential for systematizing the health care of patients on HEN.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creatine and Cognition in Aging: A Systematic Review of Evidence in Older Adults.","authors":"Samantha Marshall, Alexandra Kitzan, Jasmine Wright, Laura Bocicariu, Lindsay S Nagamatsu","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Creatine is a well-studied dietary supplement that is known to benefit aging muscle and bone, especially when combined with resistance training. Some studies suggest that creatine may also be favorable for cognitive function, yet these independent effects have not been thoroughly reviewed in older adults.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to systematically examine the current literature on creatine and cognition in older adults.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted across eight electronic databases.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Original peer-reviewed studies investigating creatine supplementation and/or estimations of dietary creatine intake in older adults (aged 55+ years) with cognition assessed as an outcome were included. Studies not examining creatine and cognition exclusively, only in combination with another intervention (e.g., resistance training), were excluded. The methodological quality of each study was evaluated using a modified version of the Downs and Black (1998) checklist.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Six studies were included, with a total of 1542 participants (55.7% female). Most participant samples included healthy community-dwelling older adults, with the exception of one study examining overweight older women. Two studies were double-blind interventions in which participants were supplemented with creatine monohydrate. Four studies were cross-sectional and estimated creatine consumption through dietary recall. Five of the six (83.3%) studies reported a positive relationship between creatine and cognition in older adults, particularly in the domains of memory and attention. One study achieved a methodological quality rating of \"good\", two \"fair\", and three \"poor\".</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current limited evidence suggests that creatine may be associated with benefits for cognition in generally healthy older adults. However, high-quality clinical trials are warranted to further validate this relationship. Future research should investigate creatine supplementation in older clinical populations with notable cognitive deficits, objectively measure creatine concentrations, and consider additional factors that may influence creatine levels in the body and brain (e.g., body weight, muscle mass, dietary intake, physical activity levels).</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO No. CRD42025643617.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berberine: A Bitter Phytochemical With Diversely Sweet Therapeutic Properties.","authors":"Bernhard Sikora, Babak Bahadori, Agnieszka D Magg, Nikon Moghadasian, Mohammed H Moghadasian","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phytochemicals are bioactive secondary plant metabolites that can exert various biological effects in humans and animals. To date, hundreds of different phytochemicals have been identified along with their health-promoting effects. These substances are extracted from various parts of plants, purified, and processed as the main compounds in dietary supplements or nutraceuticals. Among them, berberine has been recognized for its diverse metabolic and therapeutic properties against cardiovascular disorders, type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, acute and chronic renal disorders, fatty liver disease, various forms of cancer, periodontitis, and others. The best-described mechanisms of action for its health-promoting effects are proposed to be through enhancing the endogenous antioxidant system, inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, upregulating hepatic LDL receptors, enhancing insulin secretion, inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis, and regulating blood pressure and heart rate among others. In this article, we critically reviewed and summarized well-designed in vitro and in vivo studies, including recent clinical trials investigating the metabolic and therapeutic properties of berberine and its derivatives. Among the many health-promoting effects of berberine and its derivatives, their efficacy in managing type 2 diabetes is particularly promising. Indeed, available evidence suggests that further investigations may reveal that berberine ursodeoxycholate offers comparable efficacy to metformin, with fewer side effects. The superior efficacy and safety profile make this agent suitable for patients with type 2 diabetes with kidney and liver complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Financial Relief Interventions for the Prevention of Wasting in Children Up to 5 Years at Risk of Wasting and Nutritional Oedema: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Rehana A Salam, Komal A Rahim, Zahra A Padhani, Anna Ali, Jai K Das, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Zohra S Lassi","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Childhood malnutrition persists at alarming rates globally despite the existing preventative and therapeutic evidence-based interventions. Various financial relief strategies such as cash transfers and food vouchers have been evaluated for their effectiveness in improving access to and quality of effective interventions for improving the nutritional status of children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this review, we aimed to assess the impact of community-based financial relief interventions to prevent wasting among children up to 5 years at risk of wasting and nutritional oedema.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>We searched 9 databases from database conception until April 13, 2023, and included 5 studies (10 articles) evaluating the impact of community-based financial relief interventions for preventing wasting among children up to 5 years.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Two review authors independently extracted data, and discrepancies were resolved through discussion until consensus or by consulting a third reviewer if required.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Three studies assessed the impact of conditional cash transfers; 2 studies evaluated unconditional cash transfers, and 1 study assessed the impact of food vouchers. We found that the impact of conditional cash transfers on the prevalence of wasting, weight-for-height z score (WHZ), weight-for-age z score, and underweight is uncertain; however these cash transfers probably reduce the prevalence of severe wasting (odds ratio [OR], 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94-1.0; 1 study; Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation [GRADE]: moderate certainty evidence). The impacts of unconditional standard cash provision on the prevalence of wasting and severe wasting are uncertain; however, unconditional double-cash provisions may reduce wasting with little or no impact on severe wasting, WHZ, and mid-upper arm circumference. For food vouchers, the evidence suggests an uncertain impact on the prevalence of wasting and severe wasting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evidence on the effectiveness of community-based financial relief interventions in preventing wasting among children is scarce. Some positive impact of conditional cash transfers and unconditional double cash provision on the prevalence of wasting has been demonstrated; however, relative effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability need further exploration.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration No. CRD42021277429.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fasting and Caloric Restriction in Long COVID Syndrome: A Scoping Review of Interventions and Outcomes.","authors":"Sandra León-Herrera, Raquel Gómez-Bravo, Marta Sánchez-Castro, Maria Angeliki S Pavlou, Vinicius Jobim Fischer, Djenna Hutmacher, Laura Haeck, Nina Weber, Bárbara Oliván-Blázquez, Rosa Magallón-Botaya, Charles Benoy, Jochen G Schneider","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since the emergence of COVID-19, many patients continue to experience symptoms beyond the acute phase, a condition now termed long COVID syndrome (LCS). The complexity of LCS, with its varied symptoms, makes diagnosis and treatment challenging. Recent evidence suggests that dietary approaches, such as fasting and caloric restriction, may help in management of these symptoms. However, research on these interventions remains limited and preliminary.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this review we aimed to explore existing studies on the impacts of fasting and caloric restriction for LCS management, focusing on how these approaches might alleviate symptoms through mechanisms like reduced inflammation, enhanced autophagy, and better metabolic health. Additionally, we examined intervention types, reported outcomes, and gaps in the research to guide future studies of LCS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted using databases like PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for studies published from 2019 to 2024, following the Arksey and O'Malley framework and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. A range of study types, including case series, narrative reviews, randomized controlled trial protocols, and public guidance documents, were included. Data were descriptively compiled.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies met inclusion criteria, covering interventions such as intermittent and prolonged fasting, as well as caloric restriction, with durations from days to weeks. Some reported benefits included reductions in fatigue, cognitive impairment, and inflammatory symptoms such as joint pain, muscle pain, or chest tightness. However, the findings reported here are preliminary and limited by small sample sizes, short follow-up, and varied protocols and outcomes, underscoring the need for further standardized research.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fasting and caloric restriction have shown potential benefits in managing LCS symptoms like fatigue, cognitive decline, and inflammatory symptoms. Nonetheless, the diversity of study designs and outcomes necessitates more rigorous research to confirm the effectiveness and safety of interventions for LCS management. Future studies should focus on long-term effects and biological mechanisms and include broader, more diverse populations to enhance generalizability and support clinical guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of B Vitamin Supplementation on Global Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Jade Berg, Ross Grant, Mario Siervo, Blossom C M Stephan, Phillip J Tully","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Elevated homocysteine levels are associated with brain atrophy and dementia, with B vitamin supplementation a possible low-cost intervention to help mitigate the deleterious impacts on brain health. However, prior meta-analyses have produced inconsistent results, with unexplained heterogeneity, while the quality of evidence has not been assessed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression sought to quantify the effect of B vitamin supplementation on global cognitive function in older adults.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Embase, PsychInfo, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to June 20, 2024.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Eligible RCTs were derived from populations aged ≥60 years, with interventions of 26 weeks or longer comprising vitamin(s) B6, B9, or B12 of any dose or administration route, compared with placebo or usual dementia care. Studies must also have quantified global cognitive function at baseline and at end of treatment.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Seventeen RCTs, including 5275 participants, were identified. A small to moderate improvement (Hedges' g = 0.423; 95% CI: 0.188 to 0.657) in global cognitive function after supplementation was observed with considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 92.71; Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations [GRADE] = very low certainty). A meta-regression identified that statistical outliers and single-blinded studies contributed to the pooled g and heterogeneity. Omitting these studies resulted in a small effect (g = 0.110; 95% CI: 0.034 to 0.186), with negligible heterogeneity (I2 = 15.39; GRADE = high certainty). The effect size did not differ between classifications of cognitive impairment (ie, intact cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia) in subgroup analysis (P = .729).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The pooled findings indicated there is high-certainty evidence that vitamin B6, B9, or B12 supplementation has a very small benefit on global cognitive function in older adults.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42024553717.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Health Outcomes of the Double Burden of Malnutrition during Childhood: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Evidence.","authors":"Caroline Z Rodrigues, Thamires Guarnieri, Angela C B Trude, Bárbara H Lourenço","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is described as the coexistence of under- and overnutrition at the population, household, or individual levels, and is most prevalent in developing countries. DBM during childhood can result in lifelong health issues, yet longitudinal evidence is limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically review longitudinal evidence on the occurrence of DBM during childhood and its association with long-term health outcomes, at the household (HHDBM) and individual (INDBM) levels.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Peer-reviewed studies were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Non-peer-reviewed studies were searched in Open Access Theses and Dissertations and medRxiv.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Data were extracted on study characteristics, DBM prevalence over time, and measures of association with outcomes, if available. The methodological quality of individual studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>The search strategies for HHDBM and INDBM yielded 753 and 1630 studies, respectively. After full-text review and quality appraisal, 8 HHDBM and 5 INDBM studies were eligible for data extraction. Studies were categorized as \"association studies\" and \"panel data studies\" and then subdivided by DBM level. The quality score of included studies ranged from 68% to 94%, meeting the minimum acceptable range of 60%. Evidence indicated that DBM exposure was associated with higher occurrences of excess weight, behavioral disorders, and poorer neurocognitive performance during adolescence. Conducted between 1991 and 2019, studies in Egypt, Peru, Portugal, Indonesia, Brazil, and 11 Asian countries showed an increase in HHDBM. One study from Colombia reported a decrease. From 1991 to 2020, INDBM prevalence decreased in Indonesia and Vietnam, increased in South Africa, and remained stable in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Longitudinal evidence on DBM, particularly its long-term health associations, remains limited. More longitudinal studies are needed to examine its occurrence and consequences at both household and individual levels.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>The review protocol was registered on the PROSPERO platform under registration CRD42023392381.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transtheoretical Model-based Dietary and Exercise Interventions for Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Vanessa M Menezes, Olívia G Koller, Ana Maria P Feoli, Flávia M Silva, Jussara C Almeida","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The pillars of diabetes treatment include pharmacotherapy, healthy eating, physical activity, self-monitoring, education, mental health support, and smoking cessation. Interventions based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change, which consider a patient's readiness to behavioral change, may be effective for promoting sustainable self-care. However, the impact of such interventions on diabetes management requires systematic evaluation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically review the effect of diet and/or exercise interventions based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change on glycemic control, body weight, and glucose-lowering medication medications in adults with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and PsycInfo were searched through June 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with adults having type 2 diabetes were included; those involving pregnant or lactating women were excluded.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Studies were selected based on (P) individuals with type 2 diabetes, (I) diet and/or exercise interventions based on Transtheoretical Model of Change, (C) usual care, and (O) glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, body weight, body mass index, and medication dosage. Two reviewers independently screened RCTs, extracted data, and assessed quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Twelve RCTs (n = 2484) were included. Two studies involved dietary strategies only, 4 involved exercise interventions only, and 6 involved multicomponent interventions. Interventions based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change reduced glycated hemoglobin by 0.73% (n = 11 RCTs, 1.292 participants; 95% CI, -1.10 to -0.36; I2 = 75%) compared to usual care. Egger's test (P = .43) suggested no publication bias, but evidence certainty was very low. Meta-analysis of body weight and medication use was not feasible because of limited data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Interventions based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change had a positive effect on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes, but evidence was limited by methodological concerns, highlighting the need for well-designed future trials.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022301516.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}