Obesity Science & Practice最新文献

{"title":"Association between psychological resilience and body mass index in a community-based population: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Nan Zheng, Mansi Zhuang, Yanan Zhu, Yu Wang, Meijie Ye, Yasi Zhang, Yiqiang Zhan","doi":"10.1002/osp4.761","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>While earlier studies have focused on the relationship between stress and obesity, there was a gap in understanding the potential impact of positive psychological factors, such as resilience, on obesity. By investigating the role of psychological resilience with obesity, this study aimed to address this gap and tackle obesity through a positive psychological framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants consisted of 2445 community residents from Shenzhen, China, with a mean age of 41.09 ± 13.72 years, comprising 846 males and 1599 females. Psychological resilience was measured using the Brief Resilience Scale; gender, age, marital status, education level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, frequency of physical exercise, and perceived stress were considered potential confounding factors. The relationship between psychological resilience and body mass index (BMI) was examined through multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participants had an average psychological resilience score of 3.46 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.62) and an average BMI of 22.59 (SD = 3.35), with 104 individuals (4.3%) identified with obesity. In the fully adjusted multiple linear regression model, a higher psychological resilience score was associated with a higher BMI (<i>β</i> = 0.507, 95% CI:0.283, 0.731). In the logistic regression model, higher psychological resilience scores were linked to increased obesity risk, with a more significant association observed among males (odds ratio [OR] = 2.169, 95% CI:1.155, 4.073), while psychological resilience acted as a protective factor against underweight among females (OR = 0.528, 95% CI:0.376, 0.816).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrated a significant link between higher psychological resilience and elevated BMI, emphasizing the complex relationship between psychological fortitude and weight management. Interventions targeting socioeconomic status, education, lifestyle habits, and physiological well-being might offer a promising strategy for enhancing psychological resilience and promoting healthier weight. Emphasizing self-efficacy and coping skills at the individual level could contribute to balanced weight and comprehensive health outcomes, addressing the global challenge of obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 3","pages":"e761"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11088450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approach to weight management in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease in a real-life clinical setting.","authors":"Paola Lockhart Pastor, Amin Amin, Daniel Galvan, Ofelia Negrete Vasquez, Jaime P Almandoz, Ildiko Lingvay","doi":"10.1002/osp4.755","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Excess adiposity represents a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and progression to end-stage kidney disease. Anti-Obesity Medications (AOMs) are vastly underutilized in patients with advanced CKD because of concerns related to safety and efficacy. This study was conducted to evaluate the real-world approach to weight management and the efficacy and safety of AOMs in people with advanced CKD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective analysis of individuals with Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 27 kg/m² and eGFR ≤ 30 mL/min/1.73 m² referred to an academic medical weight-management program between 01/2015 and 09/2022. Evaluation of weight-management approaches, body weight change, treatment-related side effects, and reasons for treatment discontinuation were reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-nine patients met inclusion criteria, 16 were treated with intensive lifestyle modifications (ILM) alone and 73 with AOMs (all treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist [GLP1-RA] +/- other AOMs) along with ILM. Patients treated with AOMs had a longer duration of on-treatment follow-up (median 924 days) compared to (93 days) the ILM group. Over 75% of patients treated with AOMs lost ≥5% body weight versus 25% of those treated with ILM. Only 15% of patients treated with AOMs discontinued therapy due to treatment-related side effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with obesity and advanced CKD, GLP-1RA-based anti-obesity treatment was well-tolerated, effective, and led to durable weight reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 3","pages":"e755"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11070438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare professionals' perceptions and management of obesity & knowledge of glucagon, GLP-1, GIP receptor agonists, and dual agonists.","authors":"W Timothy Garvey, Cathy D Mahle, Trevor Bell, Robert F Kushner","doi":"10.1002/osp4.756","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) have historically had limited weight-loss efficacy. However, newer glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA)-based therapies seem to be more effective, including dual agonists of GLP-1R and the glucagon receptor (GCGR) or glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore healthcare professionals' (HCPs) experience in obesity treatment and their understanding of agonists of GCGR, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) RA, and GLP-1 RA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional online survey of HCPs prescribing AOMs was conducted in the United States in 2023 with a questionnaire designed to evaluate prescribing behavior and understanding of GCGR, GIP RA, and GLP-1 RA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 785 respondents (251 primary-care physicians [PCPs], 263 endocrinologists, and 271 advanced practice providers [APPs]) reported 55% of their patients had obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m² or ≥27 with weight-related complications) and recommended AOMs to 49% overall, significantly more endocrinologists (57% of patients, <i>p < </i>0.0005) than PCPs (43%) or APPs (46%). The greatest barriers to treatment were medication cost/lack of insurance (mean 4.2 on 1-5 scale [no barrier-extreme barrier]), low patient engagement/adherence (3.3), and inadequate time/staff (3.1). Metformin was the type 2 diabetes (T2D) medication most commonly prescribed to treat obesity in T2D patients (92.5% of respondents). Most HCPs (65%) were very/extremely familiar with GLP-1 RA, but only 30% with GIP RA and 16% with GCGR. Most HCPs expected dual GCGR/GLP-1 RA to benefit many obesity-related conditions; however, only a minority of HCPs perceived that they would benefit non-cardiometabolic complications of obesity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among HCPs prescribing AOMs, gaps exist in the management of people living with obesity as <50% are prescribed AOMs. Barriers to treatment indicate a need to improve access to AOMs. HCPs were less familiar with GCGR or GIP RA than GLP-1 RA but expect dual GCGR/GLP-1 RA may offer additional benefits, potentially addressing treatment barriers and access. Thus, there is a need for greater education among HCPs regarding the mechanism of action and therapeutic effects of GCGR agonists, and dual GCGR/GLP-1 RA, so that the full range of obesity-related complications can be effectively treated.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 3","pages":"e756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11069397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140852612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of weight loss interventions on children and adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Hassan Sohouli, Seyedeh Elaheh Bagheri, Somaye Fatahi, Pejman Rohani","doi":"10.1002/osp4.758","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overall, there is conflicting evidence regarding the beneficial effects of optimal lifestyle modification, particularly weight loss interventions, with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of weight loss interventions on laboratory and clinical parameters in children and adolescents with NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Original databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Embase) were searched using standard keywords to identify all controlled trials investigating the effects of weight loss interventions among NAFLD children and adolescents. Pooled weighted mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were achieved by random-effects model analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen eligible clinical trials were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled findings showed that especially more intense weight loss interventions significantly reduced the glucose (<i>p</i> = 0.007), insulin (<i>p</i> = 0.002), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (<i>p</i> = 0.003), weight (<i>p</i> = 0.025), body mass index (BMI) (<i>p</i> = 0.003), BMI <i>z</i>-score (<i>p</i> < 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (<i>p</i> = 0.013), triglyceride (TG) (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and aspartate transaminase (AST) (<i>p</i> = 0.027). However, no significant changes were found in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine transaminase (ALT), and hepatic steatosis grades (all <i>p</i> > 0.05) following weight loss interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Weight loss interventions had significant effects on NAFLD-related parameters including glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, weight, BMI, BMI z-score, WC, TG, and AST.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 3","pages":"e758"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11047132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What are Internal medicine residents' attitudes toward obesity as a disease, people living with obesity, and obesity treatment?","authors":"Kacey Chae, Jashalynn German, Karla Kendrick, Sean Tackett, Paul O'Rourke, Kimberly A Gudzune, Marci Laudenslager","doi":"10.1002/osp4.748","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Despite the rising prevalence of people living with obesity, physicians are providing suboptimal care to these individuals, which may be a consequence of inadequate education in weight management and negative attitudes toward people living with obesity. Internal Medicine (IM) residency is an ideal setting to address physicians' attitudes toward people living with obesity. However, there is a paucity of recent literature on this topic. This study sought to assess the current attitudes of IM residents toward obesity as a disease, people living with obesity, and obesity treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2020 across two IM programs assessing residents' attitudes toward obesity as a disease, people living with obesity, and obesity treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 42 residents who participated in the survey, 64% were women; 31 percent were Post Graduate Year 1, 31% PGY-2, and 38% PGY-3. Mean attitude scores were high on statements regarding obesity as a chronic disease [4.7 (SD 0.4)] and its association with serious medical conditions [4.9 (SD 0.3)]. Residents had overall positive attitudes toward people living with obesity. In contrast, residents felt negatively regarding their level of success in helping patients lose weight [2.0 (SD 0.7)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While residents recognized obesity as a chronic disease and had positive attitudes toward people living with obesity, their low ratings regarding weight management success suggest that targeted educational efforts are needed to increase obesity treatment self-efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 2","pages":"e748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10984423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140336393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A low-burden, self-weighing intervention to prevent weight gain in adults with obesity who do not enroll in comprehensive treatment.","authors":"Megan A McVay, Montserrat Carrera Seoane, Melinda Rajoria, Marissa Dye, Natalie Marshall, Sofia Muenyi, Anas Alkanderi, Kellie B Scotti, Jaime Ruiz, Corrine I Voils, Kathryn M Ross","doi":"10.1002/osp4.745","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For individuals who are eligible but unlikely to join comprehensive weight loss programs, a low burden self-weighing intervention may be a more acceptable approach to weight management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-arm feasibility trial of a 12-month self-weighing intervention. Participants were healthcare patients with a BMI ≥25 kg/m² with a weight-related comorbidity or a BMI >30 kg/m² who reported lack of interest in joining a comprehensive weight loss program, or did not enroll in a comprehensive program after being provided program information. In the self-weighing intervention, participants were asked to weigh themselves daily on a cellular connected scale and were sent text messages every other week with tailored weight change feedback, including messages encouraging use of comprehensive programs if weight gain occurred.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 86 eligible patients, 39 enrolled (45.3%) in the self-weighing intervention. Self-weighing occurred on average 4.6 days/week (SD = 1.4). At 12 months, 12 participants (30.8%) lost ≥3% baseline weight, 11 (28.2%) experienced weight stability (±3% baseline), 6 (15.4%) gained ≥3% of baseline weight, and 10 (25.6%) did not have available weight data to evaluate. Three participants reported joining a weight loss program during the intervention (7.7%). Participants reported high intervention satisfaction in quantitative ratings (4.1 of 5), and qualitative interviews identified areas of satisfaction (e.g., timing and content of text messages) and areas for improvement (e.g., increasing personalization of text messages).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A low-burden self-weighing intervention can reach adults with overweight/obesity who would be unlikely to engage in comprehensive weight loss programs; the efficacy of this intervention for preventing weight gain should be further evaluated in a randomized trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 2","pages":"e745"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10951869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-wise examination of the association of obesity based on body mass index and waist circumference with metabolic diseases in comprehensive health checkup participants.","authors":"Yuiko Yamamoto, Kentaro Ikeue, Megumi Kanasaki, Hajime Yamakage, Noriko Satoh-Asahara, Izuru Masuda, Kojiro Ishii","doi":"10.1002/osp4.746","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Body mass index and waist circumference are used for obesity diagnosis and screening of visceral fat; however, their evidence in older adults is insufficient. This study investigated the age-specific association of body mass index and waist circumference with metabolic diseases, assessing their applicability as diagnostic criteria for individuals aged ≥65 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analysis included 46,324 individuals aged ≥18 years, categorized into five age groups: 18-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and ≥75 years. Logistic regression analyses identified associations between obesity and metabolic diseases, stratified by age and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Men with obesity based on body mass index had a significantly high risk of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia across all age groups (all, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Obesity based on waist circumference was significantly positively associated with all metabolic diseases (all, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Women with obesity based on body mass index and waist circumference had a significantly high risk of all metabolic diseases across all age groups (all, <i>p</i> < 0.05), except for diabetes mellitus in individuals aged ≥75 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participants with obesity based on body mass index and waist circumference exhibited a high risk of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia among those aged 18-74 years and men aged ≥75 years. This study contributes to the early prevention and control of metabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 2","pages":"e746"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10946448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140158628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fat and fat-free mass measurement agreement by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry versus bioelectrical impedance analysis: Effects of posture and waist circumference.","authors":"Katie M Ellison, Sarah E Ehrlicher, Aseel El Zein, R Drew Sayer","doi":"10.1002/osp4.744","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) operates under the assumption that the conductor has a uniform cylindrical shape. However, this assumption may be violated if measures are taken in the seated position, especially in people with a high waist circumference (WC).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aims of this research were to determine whether posture (supine, standing, and seated) and WC affect agreement between BIA and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures of fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM).</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>Baseline data were collected from 28 adults (mean = 61.4 ± 6.9 years, 64.3% female) with obesity (BMI 38.6 ± 5.0 kg/m²). Body composition was measured using BIA in the supine, standing, and seated positions and by DXA while supine. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analyses with two-way mixed effects and absolute agreement were performed to determine agreement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Point estimates were excellent for FM and FFM while supine, excellent for FM and good for FFM while standing, and moderate for FM and good for FFM while seated. BIA measures in the supine position resulted in the narrowest 95% confidence intervals compared with other positions. Better agreement was observed across all positions in participants with a WC below the median (118.3 cm).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Despite the potential pragmatic value of measuring with BIA in a seated position, the results of this analysis demonstrate the poorest agreement between DXA and BIA methods, especially in individuals with high WC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings from this study demonstrate that BIA, particularly when measured in a supine position, can serve as a viable alternative to DXA for measuring body composition in people with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 2","pages":"e744"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10928253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140110906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orforglipron, a novel non-peptide oral daily glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist as an anti-obesity medicine: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Deep Dutta, Lakshmi Nagendra, Beatrice Anne, Manoj Kumar, Meha Sharma, A B M Kamrul-Hasan","doi":"10.1002/osp4.743","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orforglipron is a novel once-daily oral non-peptide glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist with several recently published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating its role in diabetes and obesity. No meta-analysis has analyzed the efficacy and safety of orforglipron; this meta-analysis aimed to address this knowledge gap.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases to identify RCTs that included individuals with obesity who were administered orforglipron and compared to either a placebo or an active comparator. The primary outcome of interest was the percent change in body weight.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 12 initially screened articles, data from three RCTs involving 774 people were analyzed with a follow-up duration of up to 36 weeks. Compared to placebo, patients receiving orforglipron 12 mg/day (mean difference (MD), MD -5.48%, 95% CI [-7.64, -3.33], <i>p</i> < 0.01), 24 mg/day (MD -8.51%, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-9.88, -7.14], <i>p</i> < 0.01), 36 mg/day (MD -8.84%, 95% CI [-11.68, -6.00], <i>p</i> < 0.01) and 45 mg/day (MD -8.24%, 95% CI [-12.84, -3.63], <i>p</i> < 0.01) had a significantly greater percent reduction in body weight. The percentage of patients being able to achieve >15% weight loss from baseline was significantly higher with orforglipron 24 mg/day [Odds ratio (OR) 21.90 (95% CI [4.06, 118.15], <i>p</i> = 0.0003), 36 mg/day (OR 17.43, 95% CI [3.18, 95.66], <i>p</i> = 0.001) and 45 mg/day (OR 23.17, 95% CI [4.37, 123.03], <i>p</i> = 0.0002). Total but not severe adverse events were significantly higher with all the doses of orforglipron compared to placebo, with the hazard ratios being higher with higher doses. Gastrointestinal side-effects were predominant side effects, being dose-dependent, with nausea, vomiting, constipation, and gastroesophageal reflux being the predominant ones.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Orforglipron at 24-45 mg/day doses is an effective weight loss medication. The efficacy versus side effect profile suggests that 24-36 mg/day is the most optimal dose for orforglipron as an anti-obesity medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 2","pages":"e743"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10896246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological predictors of adherence to lifestyle changes after bariatric surgery: A systematic review.","authors":"Jade K Y Chan, Lenny R Vartanian","doi":"10.1002/osp4.741","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adherence to lifestyle changes after bariatric surgery is associated with better health outcomes; however, research suggests that patients struggle to follow post-operative recommendations. This systematic review aimed to examine psychological factors associated with adherence after bariatric surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, PsycInfo, and Embase were searched (from earliest searchable to August 2022) to identify studies that reported on clinically modifiable psychological factors related to adherence after bariatric surgery. Retrieved abstracts (<i>n</i> = 891) were screened and coded by two raters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 32 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the narrative synthesis. Appointment attendance and dietary recommendations were the most frequently studied post-operative instructions. Higher self-efficacy was consistently predictive of better post-operative adherence to diet and physical activity, while pre-operative depressive symptoms were commonly associated with poorer adherence to appointments, diet, and physical activity. Findings were less inconsistent for anxiety and other psychiatric conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This systematic review identified that psychological factors such as mood disorders and patients' beliefs/attitudes are associated with adherence to lifestyle changes after bariatric surgery. These factors can be addressed with psychological interventions; therefore, they are important to consider in patient care after bariatric surgery. Future research should further examine psychological predictors of adherence with the aim of informing interventions to support recommended lifestyle changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e741"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10893879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139972905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}