Obesity Science & Practice最新文献

{"title":"Associations between adverse childhood experiences and history of weight cycling.","authors":"Caitlin E Smith, Kelsey L Sinclair, Temitope Erinosho, Andrew C Pickett, Vanessa M Martinez Kercher, Lucia Ciciolla, Misty A W Hawkins","doi":"10.1002/osp4.736","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) predict obesity onset; however, the relationship between ACEs and history of weight cycling has not been adequately explored. This gap is problematic given the difficulty in weight loss maintenance and the impact of ACEs on obesity development, chronicity, and associated weight stigma. The objective of this study was to examine associations between self-reported history of ACEs and weight cycling in a sample of weight loss treatment-seeking adults with overweight/obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The number of participants in the analyzed sample was 78, mostly white educated adult women (80% female, 81% Caucasian, 75% ≥ bachelor's degree) with excess adiposity enrolled in the Cognitive and Self-regulatory Mechanisms of Obesity Study. ACEs were measured at baseline using the ACEs Scale. History of weight cycling was measured using the Weight and Lifestyle Inventory that documented weight loss(es) of 10 or more pounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher ACE scores were associated with a greater likelihood of reporting a history of weight cycling. Participants with four or more ACEs had 8 times higher odds (OR = 8.301, 95% CI = 2.271-54.209, <i>p</i> = 0.027) of reporting weight cycling compared with participants with no ACEs. The association of weight cycling for those who endorsed one to three ACEs was not significant (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 0.771-6.857, <i>p =</i> 0.135) in this sample.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The role of ACEs in health may be related to associations with weight cycling. Results indicated that those who reported four or more ACEs had significantly higher odds of reporting weight cycling compared with those with no ACEs. Further research is needed to further explore how ACEs predict the likelihood of weight cycling, which may be prognostic for sustained weight loss treatment response and weight stigma impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e736"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10870800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of prescription medication changes following sleeve gastrectomy surgery.","authors":"Gina Arena, Alex Kitsos, Jeffrey M Hamdorf, Mike D'Arcy-Evans, Michelle Kilpatrick, Alison Venn, David B Preen","doi":"10.1002/osp4.742","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The increasing global prevalence of obesity, coupled with its association with chronic health conditions and rising healthcare costs, highlights the need for effective interventions; however, despite the availability of treatment options, the ongoing success of primary interventions in maintaining long-term weight loss remains limited. This study examined the prescription medication dispensing changes following sleeve gastrectomy in Australians aged 45 years and over.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a retrospective analysis of 847 bariatric surgery patients from the New South Wales 45 and Up Study, the assessment of medication patterns categorizing into three groups: gastrointestinal, metabolic, cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems was conducted. Each drug class was analyzed, focusing on patients with dispensing records within the 12 months before surgery. This study employed interrupted time-series analysis to compare pre- and post-surgery medication usage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With a predominantly female population (76.9%) and an average age of 57.2 (standard deviation 5.71), there were statistically significant reductions in both unique medications (12.5% decrease, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and total medications dispensed (15.9% decrease, <i>p</i> = 0.003) from 12 months before surgery to 13-24 months after bariatric surgery. All medication categories, except opioids, showed reductions. Notably, the most significant reductions were observed in diabetes (38.6%), agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system (40.4%), lipid modifying agents (26.5%), anti-inflammatory products (46.3%), and obstructive airway diseases (53.3%) medications during this time frame.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that sleeve gastrectomy provides an effective therapeutic intervention for patients with comorbidities requiring multiple medications, especially for obesity-related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10863745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world data of a digitally enabled, time-restricted eating weight management program in public sector workers living with overweight and obesity in the United Kingdom: A service evaluation of the Roczen program.","authors":"Adrian Brown, Laurence J Dobbie, Laura Falvey, Dipesh C Patel, Jonathan T C Kwan, Siri Steinmo, Ling Chow, Barbara M McGowan","doi":"10.1002/osp4.730","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The health of the United Kingdom workforce is key; approximately 186 million days are lost to sickness each year. Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remain major global health challenges. The aim of this retrospective service evaluation was to assess the impact of a digitally enabled, time-restricted eating (TRE) intervention (Roczen Program, Reset Health Ltd) on weight and other health-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This service evaluation was conducted in people living with overweight/obesity, with 89% referred from public sector employers. Participants were placed on a TRE, low-carbohydrate, moderate protein plan delivered by clinicians and mentors with regular follow up, dietary guidance, goal setting, feedback, and social support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 660 members enrolled and retention was 41% at 12 months. The majority were female (73.2%), 58.9% were of White ethnicity, with a mean (SD) age of 47.5 years (10.1), and a body mass index of 35.0 kg/m² (5.7). Data were available for 82 members at 12-month. At 12-month, members mean actual and percentage weight loss was -9.0 kg (7.0; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and -9.2% (6.7, <i>p</i> < 0.001) respectively and waist circumference reduced by -10.3 cm (10.7 <i>p</i> < 0.001), with 45.1% of members achieving ≥10% weight loss. Glycated hemoglobin was significantly improved at 6 months in people living with T2D (-11 mmol/mol [5.7] <i>p</i> = 0.012). Binge eating score significantly reduced (-4.4 [7.0] <i>p</i> = 0.006), despite cognitive restraint increasing (0.37 [0.6] <i>p</i> = 0.006).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our service evaluation showed that the Roczen program led to clinically meaningful improvements in body weight, health-related outcomes and eating behaviors that were sustained at 12-month.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e730"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10858326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood dental caries and obesity: Opportunities for interdisciplinary approaches to prevention.","authors":"Vinodh Bhoopathi, Gina Tripicchio","doi":"10.1002/osp4.740","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental caries and obesity are prevalent and preventable chronic childhood diseases. Evidence shows a strong connection between these two diseases, with overlapping common risk factors, including diet as a key driver of risk. Dental professionals are well-positioned to perform nutritional counseling and obesity prevention in dental clinic settings, but training and clinical integration remain key challenges. This paper highlights the potential for leveraging the common risk factor approach (CRFA) framework and its principles to reduce the impact of childhood dental caries and obesity. Strategies and methods are provided to integrate meaningful didactic and clinical training experiences in dental academia, and the need to include effective and evidence-based nutritional counseling techniques in dental settings is also described. Additionally, the potential for integrating CRFA and engaging health care providers across the spectrum of care, including primary care settings, to reduce the prevalence of these diseases in pediatric populations is highlighted. Finally, the authors propose future directions for multidisciplinary research to advance the scientific knowledge in this area and to inform effective and comprehensive interventions for dental settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e740"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10851802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139707458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semaglutide 2.4 mg clinical outcomes in patients with obesity or overweight in a real-world setting: A 6-month retrospective study in the United States (SCOPE).","authors":"Aleksandrina Ruseva, Wojciech Michalak, Zhenxiang Zhao, Anthony Fabricatore, Bríain Ó Hartaigh, Devika Umashanker","doi":"10.1002/osp4.737","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Management guidelines for obesity suggest maintaining a minimum of 5% body weight reduction to help prevent or lower the risk of developing conditions such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes. However, achieving long-term weight control is difficult with lifestyle modification alone, making it essential to combine pharmacotherapy with diet and exercise in individual cases. Semaglutide 2.4 mg has demonstrated significant reductions in body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in clinical trials, but information on outcomes in a real-world setting is limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess changes in body weight and other clinical outcomes at 6-month follow-up among adults on semaglutide 2.4 mg in a real-world setting in the United States (US).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Observational and retrospective cohort study of patients initiating treatment between 15 June 2021, and 31 March 2022, using a large US claims-linked electronic health record database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean (±SD) body mass index (BMI) of the 343 patients included in the analysis was 37.9 ± 5.5 kg/m². After 6 months, mean body weight change was -10.5 ± 6.8 kg (95% CI: -11.2; -9.8, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and mean percentage body weight change was -10.0% ± 6.6% (95% CI: -10.7; -9.3, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Most (79.0%) patients had ≥5% body weight reduction, 48.1% had ≥10% body weight reduction, and 19.0% had ≥15% body weight reduction. Among patients with available data, the mean change in HbA1c (<i>n</i> = 30) was -0.6% ± 1.2% (95% CI: -1.0; -0.1, <i>p</i> = 0.016) and nearly two-thirds of patients with prediabetes or diabetes at baseline reverted to normoglycemia. Mean reductions of -4.4 ± 12.3 mmHg (95% CI: -5.7; -3.0, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and -1.7 ± 8.4 mmHg (95% CI: -2.6; -0.7, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively (<i>n</i> = 307). Statistically significant reductions in mean total cholesterol (-12.2 ± 38.8 mg/dl [95% CI: -24.3 to -0.06, <i>p</i> < 0.049]) and triglycerides (-18.3 ± 43.6 mg/dl [95% CI: -4.7; -31.9, <i>p</i> < 0.009]) were also observed (<i>n</i> = 42).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated the effectiveness of semaglutide 2.4 mg in reducing body weight and improving cardiometabolic parameters in adults with overweight or obesity in a real-world clinical practice setting, showing a significant mean body weight reduction and improvements in biomarkers like blood pressure and HbA1c over a 6-month period. These findings, aligning with previous clinical trials at comparable time points, highlight the clinical relevance of semaglutide as an effective therapeutic option for obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10851954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139707459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the effect of weight-related recruitment information on participant characteristics: A randomized field experiment.","authors":"Christy Wang, Jeffrey M Hunger, Joseph Liao, David Figueroa, Alejandra Lopez, A Janet Tomiyama","doi":"10.1002/osp4.739","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although 82% of American adults have a body mass index (BMI) of over 25, individuals with elevated BMI are considered difficult to recruit for studies. Effective participant identification and recruitment are crucial to minimize the likelihood of sampling bias. One understudied factor that could lead to sampling bias is the study information presented in recruitment materials. In the context of weight research, potential participants with higher weight may avoid studies that advertise weight-related procedures. Thus, this study experimentally manipulated the phrasing of weight-related information included in recruitment materials and examined its impact on participants' characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two visually similar flyers, either weight-salient or neutral, were randomly posted throughout a university campus to recruit participants (<i>N</i> = 300) for a short survey, assessing their internalized weight bias, anticipated and experienced stigmatizing experiences, eating habits, and general demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the weight-salient (vs. neutral) flyer took 18.5 days longer to recruit the target sample size, there were no between flyer differences in respondents' internalized weight bias, anticipated/experienced weight stigma, disordered eating behaviors, BMI, or perceived weight. Absolute levels of these variables, however, were low overall.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Providing detailed information about study procedures allows participants to have more autonomy over their participation without differentially affecting participant characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e739"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10835742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food and alcohol disturbance among people who have undergone bariatric surgery.","authors":"Gretchen E White, Mai-Ly N Steers, Karla Bernardi, Melissa A Kalarchian","doi":"10.1002/osp4.738","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There have been numerous investigations of aberrant eating and substance abuse among patients who have undergone bariatric surgery, which affects the metabolism and the pharmacokinetics of alcohol. However, there is a dearth of literature considering the complex interplay between changes in post-surgery food and alcohol consumption. Furthermore, despite the increasing recognition of issues surrounding replacing food consumption with alcohol consumption (Food and Alcohol Disturbance [FAD]), most emerging research has focused on young adult populations. This perspective reviews and synthesizes the small but growing body of research on the interplay between food and alcohol consumption, particularly FAD, and considers its application to bariatric surgery in general. There are unique considerations for patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. Patients experience altered gastric anatomy, which affects food and alcohol metabolism, and are advised to abstain from drinking alcohol after surgery. After reviewing the available literature, this perspective highlights future directions for research and practice in bariatric surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e738"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10825622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary intake and visceral adiposity in older adults: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype study.","authors":"Melissa A Merritt, Unhee Lim, Johanna W Lampe, Tanyaporn Kaenkumchorn, Carol J Boushey, Lynne R Wilkens, John A Shepherd, Thomas Ernst, Loïc Le Marchand","doi":"10.1002/osp4.734","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are established links between the accumulation of body fat as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and the risk of developing obesity-associated metabolic disease. Previous studies have suggested that levels of intake of specific foods and nutrients are associated with VAT accumulation after accounting for total energy intake.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed associations between a priori selected dietary factors on VAT quantified using abdominal magnetic resonance imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study included <i>n</i> = 395 White, <i>n</i> = 274 Black, <i>n</i> = 269 Native Hawaiian, <i>n</i> = 425 Japanese American and <i>n</i> = 358 Latino participants (mean age = 69 years ± 3 SD). Participants were enrolled stratified on sex, race, ethnicity and body mass index. General linear models were used to estimate the mean VAT area (cm²) for participants categorized into quartiles based on their dietary intake of selected foods/nutrients adjusting for age, sex, racial and ethnic groups, the total percentage fat from whole-body dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and total energy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant inverse associations with VAT for dietary intake of total vegetables, total fruits (including juice), cereals, whole grains, calcium, copper and dietary fiber (<i>p</i>-trend ≤0.04). Positive trends were observed for VAT for participants who reported higher intake of potatoes, total fat and saturated fatty acids (SFA) (<i>p</i>-trend ≤0.02). Foods/nutrients that met the multiple testing significance threshold were total fruits, whole grains, copper, dietary fiber and SFA intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results highlight foods and nutrients including SFA, total fruit, whole grains, fiber and copper as potential candidates for future research to inform dietary guidelines for the prevention of chronic disease among older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e734"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139521179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-based care needs for adults with class III obesity before and after tertiary weight management: An exploratory study.","authors":"Jillian Termaat, Milan K Piya, Kate A McBride","doi":"10.1002/osp4.732","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Class 3 obesity (severe obesity) is defined by a body mass index ≥40 kg/m². Tertiary weight-management programs (WMPs) are hospital-based multidisciplinary services that aim to support individuals with severe obesity. Severe shortage of WMPs has led to waitlists and pressure on clinicians to discharge patients. Community obesity management often fails to support patients in maintaining weight loss/health gains. This study aimed to explore the needs of patients for community-based obesity care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative study was undertaken via a tertiary WMP in Sydney, Australia. Semi-structured interviews/focus groups explored perceptions of purposively sampled patients and their clinicians on the community-based support needs of people with severe obesity. Data were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and then thematically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven patients and seven clinicians were interviewed. Four themes were identified: the importance of accountability and motivation to maintain weight-loss/health gains; limitations within community-based obesity management for those with severe obesity; perspectives on structured community programs for patients transitioning into/out of tertiary WMPs; and impact of mental health, stigma, and social isolation on engagement with community-based services.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Community-based programs are needed to support those awaiting access to tertiary WMPs and to help maintain health gains once discharged. Such programs should address issues of social isolation and integrate with current models of tertiary metabolic and primary health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10782639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139425122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between body mass index and episodic memory for recent eating, mindful eating, and cognitive distraction: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Elanor C Hinton, Victoria Beesley, Sam D Leary, Danielle Ferriday","doi":"10.1002/osp4.728","DOIUrl":"10.1002/osp4.728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Eating while distracted has been associated with a higher body mass index (BMI), whereas mindful eating and episodic memory for recent eating have shown the opposite pattern. This pre-registered, global study (https://osf.io/rdjzk) compared the relative association between these variables (and four \"positive controls\": restraint, disinhibition, emotional eating, plate clearing) and self-reported BMI. The timing of data collection (April-May 2020) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic enabled an investigation of the impact of stay-at-home restrictions imposed on the UK population on the measures of eating behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey was completed, including: (i) demographic data (e.g., self-reported BMI), (ii) Likert ratings assessing episodic memory for recent eating, mindful eating, cognitive distraction, restrained eating, emotional eating, disinhibition and plate clearing over the last 12 months and the last 7 days (during the first UK COVID-19 lockdown), and (iii) the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A large adult sample participated (<i>N</i> = 846; mean (SD) age = 33.0 (14.3) years; mean (SD) BMI = 24.6 (5.6) kg/m²). Mindful eating (MEQ-total score) was associated with a lower self-reported BMI (<i>β</i> = -0.12; 95% CI = -0.20, -0.04; <i>p</i> = 0.004), whereas disinhibited eating was associated with a higher self-reported BMI (<i>β</i> = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.21, 0.38; <i>p</i> < 0.001). In UK participants (<i>n</i> = 520), consistent changes in eating behavior during lockdown were not found. For those that did experience change, decreases were reported in; emotional eating, disinhibited eating, focusing on taste during a meal (a measure of mindful eating), and using a smart phone while eating.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide evidence in a large global sample for associations between BMI and (i) mindful eating, and (ii) disinhibited eating. Future research should evaluate whether mindful eating demonstrates a prospective association with body weight and should consider mechanisms of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":19448,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Science & Practice","volume":"10 1","pages":"e728"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}