Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Quantitative Evaluation of the Presence of Sarcopenia in Coxarthrosis Using Computed Tomography.","authors":"B B Hayat, H Tekdemir, S Duran","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_670_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_670_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia and coxarthrosis frequently coexist in older adults and may contribute to functional decline. Computed tomography (CT)-based muscle measurements are commonly used for the assessment of sarcopenia.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To quantitatively evaluate the relationship between the presence and severity of coxarthrosis and sarcopenia using computed tomography (CT) and to investigate the usability of the upper thigh skeletal muscle as an alternative to the psoas muscle in the evaluation of sarcopenia in coxarthrosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent a hip CT examination between June 2019 and May 2023 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients with coxarthrosis were included in the study. Coxarthrosis staging was performed according to the Tönnis classification. Muscle area and density values were measured at the L4 level for bilateral psoas muscles and skeletal muscle in the upper thigh level at the inferior tip of the ischial tuberosity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increasing Tönnis grade remained independently associated with lower psoas and upper thigh muscle area and density (all Holm-adjusted P < 0.001). Muscle areas were lower in women than in men ( P = 0.001). There was no significant difference between the genders in terms of the psoas muscle density ( P > 0.05), while the upper thigh muscle density was significantly lower in women than in men ( P < 0.05). A positive correlation was detected between the areas and densities of the psoas and upper thigh muscles in every grade of coxarthrosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence and severity of coxarthrosis are associated with the area and density of the psoas and upper thigh skeletal muscles. Upper thigh skeletal muscles may serve as an alternative muscle group for the imaging-based evaluation of sarcopenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 7","pages":"764-770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Indices for Mortality Prediction in Fournier's Gangrene: A Comparative Study Introducing PCT-ALLY.","authors":"M Sesli, M Başaranoğlu, A A Özdeş, H Eryeşil, E Akbay","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_127_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_127_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fournier's gangrene is a life-threatening necrotizing fasciitis with mortality rates of 20%-50%. Early identification of high-risk patients is essential, yet practical prognostic tools derived from routine laboratory tests remain limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare seven prognostic indices and develop a novel procalcitonin-based index (PCT-ALLY) for mortality prediction in patients with Fournier's gangrene.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center retrospective cohort, 220 surgically treated patients (January 2007-September 2025) were evaluated. Preoperative laboratory data were used to calculate neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet (HALP), prognostic nutritional index, systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY), and the newly developed PCT-ALLY. The primary endpoint was 30-day or in-hospital mortality. Discrimination was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis with DeLong testing and multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mortality occurred in 66 patients (30%). CALLY showed the highest area under the curve (0.935; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.890-0.965), followed by PCT-ALLY (0.874; 95% CI 0.821-0.916). PCT-ALLY had the highest specificity (87.0%) and outperformed NLR ( P = 0.032) and SIRI ( P = 0.045). In multivariable analysis, CALLY (odds ratio [OR] 7.210; P < 0.001), HALP (OR 3.816; P < 0.001), and PCT-ALLY (OR 3.649; P < 0.001) were independent predictors of mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Immuno-nutritional indices, particularly CALLY and PCT-ALLY, provide strong, easily calculable, and cost-effective mortality prediction in Fournier's gangrene and may support early risk stratification. Prospective multicenter validation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 7","pages":"820-827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Descriptive Study of Brain and Spine Metastases in Advanced Breast Cancer Patients within a Tertiary Nigerian Hospital.","authors":"C I Agwu, O Omoleye, G Ogunde, M Adeyemi, S Yusuf, B Aribisala, O Olopade, A Ntekim","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_6_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_6_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with brain or spinal metastasis (BM or SpM) from advanced breast cancer (BC) and identify associations between BM or SpM and BC hormone receptor subtype, clinical presentation, and overall survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We carried out a retrospective case-cohort study of patients with advanced BC with BM or SpM between 2011 and 2022. Clinical examination findings, as well as imaging and pathology reports, were extracted for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty patients were included (29 female; median age at diagnosis of BC 41 years). BM 41.5 (interquartile range: 38-45.5) years, and SpM 42 (IQR: 39-51) years. Triple-negative breast cancer was the most common immunohistochemical subtype (71%, 15/21). The median duration from the diagnosis of BC to BM was 11.5 (5.5-16.5) months, and that from BC to SpM was 12 (3-28) months. The median time to death from BC diagnosis was 25 (14-53) months. The median duration from the detection of BM to death was 8 months (5-17), and for SpM, it was 13 months (2-18). The most common clinical correlate of BM reported was headache (92%), while that of SpM was lower back and waist pain (91%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The average duration from the diagnosis of BC to SpM is higher than that of BM, while the median duration from diagnosis to death was also higher in SpM than in BM. This trend is similar to what has been recorded in Western countries, although an increased sample size is required to enable generalizability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 7","pages":"798-803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Characteristics of Fungal Dermatoses in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients: A Comparative Study of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy-Experienced and Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy-Naïve Individuals in Benin City, Nigeria.","authors":"E O Omatighene, A E Sokunbi, B U Okwara, C R Madubuko, I I Osaigbovo, A N Onunu","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_842_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_842_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, over 37.9 million people are living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWHA), with significant proportion developing cutaneous manifestations. Fungal dermatoses are common in PLWHA; their prevalence largely influenced by the immunosuppression caused by the virus. The introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has changed the epidemiology of these infections. However, there is limited data on how HAART impacts the prevalence and patterns of fungal dermatoses in PLWHA. This study investigates the effect of HAART on the prevalence and severity of fungal dermatoses in PLWHA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin city, Nigeria, involving 150 HAART-experienced and 150 HAART-naïve patients. Prevalence and severity of fungal dermatoses were assessed through clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25, with significance set at P < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age of HAART-experienced group was 45.02 ± 11.23 years, while the HAART-naïve group had 42.62 ± 12.22 years. There was statistically significant difference in the CD4 count ( χ ² = 77.99, P < 0.0001) and prevalence of fungal dermatoses ( χ ² = 5.47, P < 0.02) between the two groups; with 14% of the HAART-experienced group and 24.6% of the HAART-naïve group affected. Additionally, severity of fungal dermatoses was significantly lower in the HAART-experienced group, with fewer cases of severe infection (23.8% vs. 54.1%, P < 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HAART reduces the prevalence and severity of fungal dermatoses in HIV-infected patients, likely due to improved immune function. This highlights the benefits of HAART in managing HIV-related fungal infections and underscores the importance of early initiation of therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 5","pages":"543-550"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemography and Family Support as Predictors of Nutrition: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Older Adults in a Tertiary Care Center, South-East Nigeria.","authors":"C S Anyigor-Ogah, A N Ekechi, I M Idika, H U Oboke, O Anyigor-Ogah, C O Nweke, M C Nwafor, I C Nweke, C M Ovuoba","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_573_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_573_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The health and well-being of the older adults in Africa, particularly in Nigeria, are often neglected. Nutritional program interventions predominantly focus on newborns, children, teenagers, and expectant and nursing mothers. This study evaluated the sociodemographic characteristics and family support as predictors of nutritional status in the older population, as these factors are critical for identifying and implementing preventive interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study involving 160 older adult participants (both male and female) aged 65-98 years, selected through systematic random sampling. Data analysis employed Chi-square tests, t -tests, and logistic regression, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a 100% response rate in this study. The respondents had a mean age of 76.31 ± 8.34 years for males and 76.87 ± 7.47 years for females. The over-80-year-old, poorly educated, low-income-earning farmer who had no spouse and source of care, and who had to travel a longer distance for a source of food with limited availability of transport services was statistically and significantly more likely to be malnourished. Age (odds ratio [OR] = 3.794; 95% CI = 1.381-10.427), marital status (OR = 3.354; 95% CI = 1.197-9.399), and education (OR = 3.965; 95% CI = 1.146-13.719) independently predicted nutritional status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sociodemographic characteristics and family support substantially influenced the nutritional status of the older adults. The significant level of undernutrition observed emphasizes the need for advocacy to improve family support and the biopsychosocial, biomedical, and economic well-being of hospital-attending older adults to prevent nutritional decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 5","pages":"473-480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Levothyroxine on Visceral Adipose Tissue-A Prospective, Observational Study.","authors":"S R Vasamsetti, A Guddeti, S Kumar, S Aleem, N N Shaikh, A Sridharan, S Mashetty, Lav Alekya, Kvsh Kumar","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_718_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_718_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypothyroidism is a common condition, and thyroid hormones play a key role in metabolism and fat regulation. We examined how levothyroxine affects visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in newly diagnosed hypothyroid patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective observational study, we enrolled 70 adult patients newly diagnosed with either overt hypothyroidism (OH) or subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). Levothyroxine was started at 1.6 µg/kg/day for OH and 25 µg/day for SCH, with doses adjusted every 2 months to reach euthyroidism. Body composition and VAT were assessed at baseline and 2 months after achieving euthyroidism. Results were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study participants (51 F; 19 M) had a mean age of 36.6 ± 10.7 years, body weight of 63.5 ± 13.6 kg, and a body mass index (BMI) of 25.5 ± 4.2 kg/m 2 . A total of 46 (66%) patients had OH, and 24 (34%) patients had SCH. The mean duration of levothyroxine therapy to achieve euthyroidism in both groups was 7.3 ± 2.2 months. The VAT (gm) did not show a significant change (before 584.7 ± 266.6 and after 596.8 ± 265.3) after achieving euthyroidism ( P = 0.1283). No significant difference was seen in either fat mass or lean mass.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Levothyroxine did not significantly alter body composition or VAT during this short observation period. Additional studies with a larger sample size and longer-term follow-up are needed to confirm our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 5","pages":"506-510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Sawmill Workers Exposed to Wood Dust in Enugu Metropolis: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"O E Obianyido, H O Obianyido, J C Okwor, V C Ikekpeazu, C R Onwasigwe, U C Okechukwu, J E Ikekpeazu","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_696_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_696_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease is a significant global health concern, yet there is still a dearth of region-specific data on cardiovascular risk factors connected to the workplace, especially among sawmill workers in low- and middle-income environments.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors in sawmill workers in Enugu Metropolis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analytical cross-sectional study recruited 80 age and sex-matched respondents (40 sawmill workers exposed to wood dust and 40 administrative staff used as controls). Anthropometric and hemodynamic indices were measured according to WHO-standardized protocols. Five millilitres of venous blood were drawn per participant for biochemical analysis, which was analyzed using standard laboratory procedures. Correlation and multivariate regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between the duration of wood dust exposure and cardiometabolic parameters. Lifestyle and sociodemographic variables were accounted for using four models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for confounding variables, multivariate analysis confirmed a negative correlation between exposure duration and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Years of wood dust exposure were positively correlated with blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, and total cholesterol among the exposed respondents. In addition, exposed respondents exhibited elevated blood pressure compared with the unexposed. Only 31.7% of workers exposed to hazards consistently utilized personal protective equipment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prolonged wood dust exposure among sawmill workers in Enugu City is strongly associated with adverse cardiovascular risk markers. Regular health screenings, comprehensive health education and awareness programs, and consistent use of personal protective equipment are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 5","pages":"528-537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Changes and Biomarker Ability of Plasma Prostasin in Saudi Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Cross-section Analysis of a Potential Protective Role and Correlation with the Disease Outcomes.","authors":"B M Alomair, A H Almaeen, H Q Alruwaili, R M Almugharriq, A B Alhubub, R M Alsabilah, E K Al-Owaidhah, R M Alruwaili, A A Alrwily, R Z Alshalan, W Z Aldhuwayhi, T H El-Metwally","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_874_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_874_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prostasin is a serine protease implicated in inflammation, vascular health, insulin sensitivity, metabolic homeostasis, and diabetes-related complications. However, human studies on prostasin remain limited, especially in Middle Eastern countries where the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is high.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess plasma prostasin levels in T2DM patients, and evaluate their biomarker potential and relationship with disease outcomes of metabolic control and complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 294 adults with T2DM and 50 healthy controls. Clinical, demographic, anthropometric, and metabolic data were also collected. Plasma prostasin levels were quantified by ELISA. Prostasin performance was assessed using group differences, correlations, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve performance, and multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with T2DM showed a significantly lower levels of prostasin levels compared to controls (67.9 ± 34.1 vs. 170.8 ± 128.8 ng/mL; P < 0.001), with a strong discriminating ability (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.925; optimal cutoff ≤98.1 ng/mL; sensitivity 86.05%; specificity 84%). Levels were even lower in those with complications than those without complications (61.3 ± 25.6 vs. 71.2 ± 37.3 ng/mL; P = 0.018). Prostasin was negatively correlated with HbA1c ( r = -0.173; P = 0.003) and independently predicted lower odds of complications (OR = 0.991; P = 0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Plasma prostasin levels are low in patients with T2DM, especially in those with complications. It revealed a strong biomarker discriminatory ability, and an inverse relationship with glycemic burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 5","pages":"551-558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Polishing on Surface Roughness and Bacterial Adhesion of Prefabricated Zirconia and Fiber Pediatric Crowns: An In vitro Study.","authors":"M N Anlar, Z Z Çiftçi, A Y Çoban, K Yıldırım, H Karayılmaz","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_699_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_699_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prefabricated zirconia crowns (PZCs) and prefabricated fiber crowns (PFCs) are increasingly used as esthetic restorative options for extensively carious primary teeth, driven by rising esthetic demands.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to compare the surface roughness, topography, and biofilm formation of PZCs and PFCs before and after polishing procedures.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty anterior crowns (24 PZCs, 36 PFCs) were sectioned into 5 mm × 5 mm samples, divided into five groups. Group 1: PFCs with no surface treatment; Group 2: PFCs roughened with a bur and polished using a one-step system; Group 3: PFCs polished with a multi-step disc system; Group 4: PZCs with no surface treatment; Group 5: PZCs polished using zirconia polishing rubbers. Surface roughness was evaluated using a profilometer, surface topography with an atomic force microscope, and micro-surface morphology with scanning electron microscopy. Polymicrobial biofilms were developed on the sample surfaces, and colony counts were performed for total bacteria, Streptococcus mutans , and Streptococcus mitis .</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PZCs exhibited significantly lower surface roughness values than PFCs ( P < 0.05). Roughness decreased after polishing in all groups. Bacterial adhesion correlated with roughness, with the lowest colony counts observed in polished PZCs. Polishing did not significantly alter PZCs, whereas PFCs showed a marked reduction in surface roughness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PZCs may provide clinical advantages due to their smoother surfaces and lower bacterial adhesion. Appropriate polishing protocols for PFCs can also reduce surface roughness and bacterial colonization, improving their clinical performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 5","pages":"489-498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospective and Randomized Study of Efficacy and Safety of Transdermal Oxybutynin Versus Oral Oxybutynin in the Management of Children with Overactive Bladder.","authors":"A H Sevinç, B H Sevinç, E Dinçer, O Telli","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_507_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_507_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study was conducted in the pediatric urology outpatient clinic of a tertiary referral hospital and included children with persistent symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB) despite prior conservative management.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the efficacy and safety of oral and transdermal oxybutynin in the treatment of non-neurogenic OAB in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present prospective, randomized controlled clinical study was conducted at a tertiary pediatric urology outpatient clinic between January 1 and July 1, 2019. A total of 90 children were initially enrolled. After exclusion of seven patients due to incomplete follow-up data, 83 patients were included in the final analysis. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 allocation ratio to receive either oral oxybutynin (n = 42) or transdermal oxybutynin (n = 41). Symptom severity and treatment response were assessed using the Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Symptom Score (DVISS), bladder diary, and uroflowmetric parameters. Pre- and post-treatment values were compared within and between groups. Adverse effects were documented based on patient-reported symptoms and clinical observation. Continuous variables in two dependent groups were compared using the Wilcoxon test. Continuous variables in two independent groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Fisher's exact test was used to compare proportions between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups demonstrated statistically significant improvements in DVISS, voided volume, and urinary frequency after treatment ( P < 0.05). No significant difference in treatment efficacy was found between oral and transdermal administration. Adverse reactions were observed in 40.5% (n = 17) of group 1 and 43.9% (n = 18) of group 2 ( P = 0.826). However, non-skin-related systemic adverse events were significantly more frequent in the oral oxybutynin group compared with the transdermal group (38% vs. 9.8%, P = 0.004). None of the adverse effects observed in either group were severe enough to require discontinuation of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transdermal oxybutynin is as effective as oral oxybutynin in managing pediatric non-neurogenic OAB, with a more favorable systemic side effect profile. It represents a viable alternative for patients who experience difficulty with oral medication or intolerance to systemic anticholinergic side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 5","pages":"538-542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}