Efficacy Analysis of PKP and PMCP in Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture.

Abstract

Background: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) represent the most common fragility fractures in the elderly population. These fractures frequently cause refractory back pain and progressive kyphosis, with subsequent high risks of vertebral refracture, ultimately leading to substantial disability, elevated mortality rates, and considerable socioeconomic burdens. Current therapeutic strategies prioritize minimally invasive approaches that are safe, technically feasible, and effective, with the primary goals of early functional recovery and quality of life restoration. Currently, the mainstream consensus favors minimally invasive surgical interventions.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) versus percutaneous 28 mesh-container-plasty (PMCP) for OVCF.

Methods: The clinical data of 75 patients with thoracolumbar OVCF surgically treated in our hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 were reviewed and analyzed, of which 45 cases were treated with PKP, 30 cases were treated with PMCP, and the follow-up time was from 8 to 12 months. We compared the basic clinical data, surgical conditions, VAS (Visual Analog Scale), and ODI (Oswestry Disability Index) scores before and after surgery, the heights of the anterior and middle margins of the injured vertebrae, the Cobb angle of the injured vertebrae, and the leakage and distribution of bone cement between the two groups.

Results: The VAS and ODI scores, the height, and the Cobb angle of the injured vertebrae of the two groups were improved compared with those of the preoperative period, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The PMCP group had longer operation time, larger amount of bone cement injection, more reasonable distribution, lower leakage rate, and better recovery of the vertebral height and the Cobb angle, compared with the PKP group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Both PKP and PMCP can effectively improve the pain symptoms and dysfunction of patients with OVCF, and the operation time of PMCP group is longer than that of the PKP group, but it can better improve the height and kyphosis of injured vertebrae, and the distribution of bone cement is more reasonable and the leakage rate is lower.