Obesity research & clinical practice最新文献

{"title":"Ultrasound-measured visceral adipose tissue thickness and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases","authors":"Vadim Genkel ,&nbsp;Yana Zaripova ,&nbsp;Alena Sluchanko ,&nbsp;Evgeniy Lebedev ,&nbsp;Alla Kuznetsova ,&nbsp;Anna Saenko ,&nbsp;Lubov Pykhova ,&nbsp;Veronika Sumerkina ,&nbsp;Karina Nikushkina,&nbsp;Albina Savochkina ,&nbsp;Semen Kupriyanov ,&nbsp;Igor Shaposhnik ,&nbsp;Anastasiya Dolgushina","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Visceral obesity plays a pivotal role in initiating and sustaining chronic systemic inflammation through complex interactions involving adipose tissue dysfunction, insulin resistance, immune system activation, and gut microbiome composition. Visceral obesity is also hypothesized to contribute to the development and progression of extraintestinal manifestations and complications in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim was to evaluate the interrelationships between ultrasound-measured visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness with carotid artery atherosclerosis indicators in IBD patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>The study included 90 patients with IBD aged 40–64 years. All patients underwent duplex ultrasound scanning of the carotid arteries with measurement of carotid plaque burden indicators. Ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue thickness (ATT) were performed: minimal subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (mSATT), maximal preperitoneal adipose tissue thickness (mPATT), periumbilical subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (PSATT), visceral abdominal adipose tissue thickness, peri- and pararenal adipose tissue thickness. Ultrasound-derived indicators of visceral obesity (mPATT and abdominal ATT), but not BMI or WC, were associated with an increased odds ratio for the presence of carotid plaque after adjustment for sex and age. Both mPATT and abdominal ATT demonstrated positive correlations with apoB concentration, LDL-C, sdLDL, eLDL-TG, and inverse correlations with adiponectin concentration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In patients with IBD aged 40–64 years, visceral adipose tissue thickness measured by ultrasound and WC were associated with the carotid plaque burdens. Ultrasound-measured mPATT and abdominal ATT, but not BMI and WC, were independently associated with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with IBD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147618737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of psychiatric comorbidity on weight loss after bariatric surgery a 2-year register-based follow-up cohort study","authors":"Lene Høimark ,&nbsp;Sigrid Bjerge Gribsholt ,&nbsp;Eva Aggerholm Sædder ,&nbsp;Bettina Nørremark ,&nbsp;Anders Helles Carlsen ,&nbsp;Mary Davoren ,&nbsp;Lisbeth Uhrskov Sørensen","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>Although most patients achieve substantial weight loss after bariatric surgery, outcomes vary, and predictors of sustained long-term weight loss remain unclear. This study examined whether preexisting mental disorders influence postoperative weight loss.</div></div><div><h3>Setting and methods</h3><div>We used data from the Central Denmark Region’s electronic health record system (2012–2021) including all public bariatric surgeries. Patients were categorized by psychiatric history based on diagnosis and medication use. Groups were compared regarding baseline characteristics, surgery type, change in body mass index (ΔBMI), and weight trajectories from one year before to two years after surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 1846 patients, 21% had a mental disorder. Baseline BMI, lipid levels, HbA1c, and surgery type were similar between groups. Patients with mental disorders were slightly younger and more often female. Mood and anxiety disorders were most prevalent. Weight loss was comparable between groups. Missing postoperative weight data occurred in 6% of patients with mental disorders and 5% without. By two years, 30% in both groups lacked weight data. No differences were observed in HbA1c or lipid levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with and without mental disorders achieve comparable short-term weight loss and metabolic outcomes after bariatric surgery. Psychiatric comorbidity may not preclude favorable surgical outcomes when patients are appropriately selected and supported. However, the absence of formal preoperative psychological evaluation and lack of psychosocial outcome measures limit interpretation of the study findings. Further studies should assess long-term outcomes, including mental health and quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 135-141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative serum zinc status in morbid obesity patients scheduled for bariatric surgery: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Azzam Alkadi","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Obesity is a significant global health challenge and a modifiable and preventable risk factor for several medical conditions. This study aimed to assess zinc levels in patients with morbid obesity undergoing bariatric surgery (BS) and to determine the correlation between zinc deficiency and morbid obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital-Olaya Branch, a tertiary referral center for BS, over a 12-month period from June 2024 to June 2025. The study population comprised 217 patients (aged ≥ 15 years) diagnosed with obesity who were scheduled to undergo BS. Zinc deficiency was defined as a serum zinc level of &lt; 68 µg/dL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>It was observed that among 217 participants, 32.3% (n = 70) were zinc deficient, of which 27.2 and 35.3% were noticed to have zinc deficiency in males and females, respectively. The mean zinc levels were 79.12 ± 15.91 and 73.32 ± 12.21 µg/dL in males and females, respectively (p = 0.003). Serum zinc showed positive correlations with height (r = 0.159, p = 0.02) and hemoglobin (r = 0.231, p &lt; 0.001), but not with age, weight, or BMI. Among patients with zinc deficiency (n = 13), hypertension was the most common (61.5%), followed by diabetes (23.1%) and combined diabetes with hypertension (15.4%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with morbid obesity are at high risk for zinc deficiency. Routine preoperative zinc screening should be incorporated into standard care to enable timely interventions and improve long-term nutritional health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between prenatal, pre-pregnancy rainfall and adult obesity: Findings from the Community Behavior and Attitude Survey in Tuvalu (COMBAT)","authors":"Lois I. Tang ,&nbsp;Po-Jen Lin ,&nbsp;Tai-Lin (Irene) Lee ,&nbsp;Stephanie M. Wu ,&nbsp;Chih-Wei Shih ,&nbsp;Selotia Tausi ,&nbsp;Vine Sosene ,&nbsp;Pauke P. Maani ,&nbsp;Malo Tupulaga ,&nbsp;Shi-Chian Shiau ,&nbsp;Yuan-Hung Lo ,&nbsp;José Francisco López-Gil ,&nbsp;Maria Soledad Hershey ,&nbsp;Chia-Rui Chang ,&nbsp;Yu-Tien Hsu ,&nbsp;Chih-Fu Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tuvalu has one of the highest obesity prevalence, which faces a major public health challenge with limited resource. Early-life environmental factors, such as altered rainfall patterns, may increase obesity risk. This study examined the association between prenatal rainfall exposure and adult obesity to inform obesity prevention in climate-vulnerable populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A nationwide survey was conducted between February and May 2022, which included 892 adults from Tuvalu. Rainfall data was obtained from ECMWF Reanalysis v5 based on participants’ birth year and birthplace. Rainfall exposure during the first year of birth, the year before birth, and two years before birth was analyzed, and rainfall exposure between three to five years before birth were analyzed as negative control periods. Obesity and severe obesity were defined based on body mass index (BMI) upon the survey, according to the World Health Organization criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed associations between higher rainfall during the year and two years before birth, increased BMI and greater odds of adulthood obesity. These associations were more pronounced among male participants. No significant associations were observed for rainfall three to five years before birth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Prenatal exposure to higher rainfall during prenatal and pre-pregnancy periods are associated with increased obesity risk in adulthood, reflecting prenatal environmental influences on developmental periods. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding climate-related health exposures and the need for targeted interventions in climate change-vulnerable populations. Further research can extend to other Pacific Island nations and identify mechanisms linking rainfall, birth weight, and obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 119-126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146157895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bariatric surgery reverses blunted blood pressure reactivity to cold-induced stress in patients with severe obesity","authors":"Leticia Schwambach ,&nbsp;Maria Fernanda Dantas Aguilar ,&nbsp;Paulo Henrique Luiz Junior ,&nbsp;João Arthur Souza Fiorido ,&nbsp;Maria Clara da cruz Pires ,&nbsp;Beatriz Bobbio de Brito ,&nbsp;Nina Bruna de Souza Mawandji ,&nbsp;Gustavo Peixoto Soares Miguel ,&nbsp;Dalton Valentim Vassallo ,&nbsp;Blanca Elena Guerrero Daboin ,&nbsp;Fabiano Kenji Haraguchi ,&nbsp;Andressa Bolsoni-Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Autonomic dysfunction is a pathway linking obesity to cardiovascular disease, contributing to hypertension and impaired pressor control. Individuals with obesity often show blunted blood pressure (BP) reactivity to stressors, such as the cold pressor test (CPT), consistent with maladaptive autonomic adjustments. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) produces substantial weight loss and metabolic improvements, and lowers resting BP, yet its effects on stress reactivity are underexplored. Therefore, this study evaluated the impact RYGB on BP reactivity to cold-induced stress and its associations with body composition, metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective longitudinal study was conducted with 30 adults with obesity (BMI 35–55 kg/m²) in a public hospital. Participants underwent clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, and cardiovascular evaluations preoperatively and at two- and six-months post-surgery. The CPT assessed BP, heart rate (HR), and rate–pressure product (RPP) responses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bariatric surgery significantly reduced body weight, fat mass, waist circumference, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and advanced oxidation protein products (p &lt; 0.05). Resting systolic and diastolic BP, HR, and RPP also decreased, indicating improved baseline cardiovascular status. Pressor reactivity to CPT, blunted preoperatively, was restored postoperatively, with significant systolic and diastolic BP increases during cold exposure. Correlations showed that greater pressor reactivity was associated with lower adiposity, insulin resistance, cholesterol, and oxidative stress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>RYGB restores pressor reactivity to the CPT within six months, alongside reduced adiposity, improved insulin sensitivity, and lower oxidative stress, underscoring its role in reversing obesity-related autonomic dysfunction and mitigating cardiovascular risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 148-154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial incentives for weight management in adolescents and young adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Umar Farooque ,&nbsp;Ana Beatriz Nardelli da Silva ,&nbsp;Letícia Rocha Campos ,&nbsp;Ana Clara Felix de Farias Santos ,&nbsp;Maite Silva Martins Gadelha ,&nbsp;Gabriel Moraes de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Fernanda Valeriano Zamora","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The global burden of obesity and suboptimal dietary patterns among adolescents and young adults has highlighted the urgent need for effective interventions to improve metabolic health. With over 50% of adolescents meeting criteria for overweight or obesity, and the associated risks of cardiometabolic diseases, financial incentives have been proposed as a potential strategy to promote healthier behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted in accordance with Cochrane and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, evaluated the impact of financial incentives on weight management and cardiometabolic outcomes in adolescents and young adults with obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) involving 408 participants were included. Pooled results showed no significant effects of financial incentives on systolic blood pressure (mean effect size: 0.17, 95% CI: −0.61–0.96), diastolic blood pressure (−0.01, 95% CI: −0.54–0.52), weight loss (−2.12 kg, 95% CI: −6.22–1.98), percentage weight loss (−1.49, 95% CI: −3.92–0.94), or Body Mass Index (BMI) (−2.10, 95% CI: −6.08–1.89). High heterogeneity (I² &gt; 84%) and low to very low certainty of evidence suggest considerable variability and uncertainty in the effectiveness of financial incentives.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Financial incentives showed no statistically significant improvements in weight or cardiometabolic outcomes in young people with obesity. Certainty was low to very low and small evidence base raises the risk of Type II error, so effectiveness is inconclusive; larger standardized, age-specific trials are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 86-91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head-to-head comparison of tirzepatide and semaglutide for weight loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Hendra Zufry ,&nbsp;Timotius Ivan Hariyanto","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2026.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Both tirzepatide and semaglutide, once-weekly injectable incretin-based agents, have demonstrated substantial weight-reducing potential in populations with overweight or obesity. However, the relative effectiveness of these two agents remains uncertain. This meta-analysis aimed to directly compare their efficacy in promoting weight loss.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of Europe PMC, Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. Data extraction focused on percentage weight change, absolute weight reduction, and proportions of participants achieving predefined weight loss thresholds (≥5 %, ≥10 %, ≥15 %, and ≥20 %). Pooled analyses were performed using a random-effects model to calculate mean differences (MD) and odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Tirzepatide was associated with significantly greater percentage body weight reduction (MD −4.61 %; 95 % CI: −6.03, −3.20; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.00001; <em>I²</em>=95 %) and absolute weight loss (MD −4.76 kg; 95 % CI: −6.09, −3.42; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.00001; <em>I²</em>=87 %) compared with semaglutide. Higher proportions of participants treated with tirzepatide achieved ≥ 5 % (OR 1.52; 95 % CI: 1.03–2.25; <em>p</em> = 0.04; <em>I²</em>=97 %), ≥ 10 % (OR 2.33; 95 % CI: 1.77–3.07; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.00001; <em>I²</em>=95 %), ≥ 15 % (OR 2.82; 95 % CI: 2.06–3.87; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.00001; <em>I²</em>=96 %), and ≥ 20 % (OR 2.28; 95 % CI: 1.62–3.21; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.00001; <em>I²</em>=93 %) weight loss than with semaglutide.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Tirzepatide was associated with numerically greater weight loss across available studies, though high heterogeneity and observational data limit causal inference. These findings suggest tirzepatide may represent a more potent therapeutic option; however, further research is warranted to assess long-term outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and safety across diverse populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"20 2","pages":"Pages 92-102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146776382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children’s experience of screening and evaluation for MASLD in overweight and obesity","authors":"Anne-Sophie R. Stroes,&nbsp;Laura Draijer,&nbsp;Hedy A. van Oers,&nbsp;Malika Chegary,&nbsp;Felix Kreier,&nbsp;Erim van Os,&nbsp;Joery Goede,&nbsp;Venje Boonstra,&nbsp;Ilse Westerbeek,&nbsp;Saskia Bouma,&nbsp;D. Meeike Kusters,&nbsp;Roosje Roelants,&nbsp;Ulrich Beuers,&nbsp;Adriaan G. Holleboom,&nbsp;Marc A. Benninga,&nbsp;Bart G.P. Koot","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluates self-reported discomfort in children undergoing screening and evaluation for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) that includes blood sampling and vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) or shear-wave elastography (SWE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional multicenter cohort study, children with overweight or obesity, referred for MASLD evaluation after elevated ALT, were included. Children subsequently underwent anthropometric measurements, blood sampling, VCTE, and SWE during an outpatient visit. Discomfort was assessed using the validated “Discomfort in Research with Children” (DISCO-RC) questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>118 children (mean age 13 years) were included. Discomfort related to MASLD screening was low, with median domain scores of 1–2 before the MASLD evaluation visit and 1 after. Prior to the visit, 76–82 % reported “no” to “slight” discomfort (score 1–2) across domains; during the visit, this was 91–95 %. Median procedural discomfort per domain was 1 for both VCTE and SWE, though cumulative discomfort (6 domains) was greater for VCTE than SWE (8 [IQR 6,9] versus 7 [IQR 6,8] <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Screening and subsequent evaluation for MASLD, including VCTE or SWE for liver fibrosis assessment, is associated with minimal discomfort and is highly acceptable to children, supporting this screening strategy in pediatric clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 76-79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145850532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D, adiposity, and cardiometabolic risk: Insights from a multivariable cross-sectional study","authors":"Carla Colombo ,&nbsp;Valentina Fabiano ,&nbsp;Lucia Labati ,&nbsp;Martina Loiodice ,&nbsp;Daniele Ceruti ,&nbsp;Irene Campi ,&nbsp;Valentina Cuneo ,&nbsp;Gianvincenzo Zuccotti ,&nbsp;Valeria Calcaterra","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in various metabolic disorders, but its relationship with adiposity and atherogenic risk remains not fully elucidated. We assessed associations between serum vitamin D levels and a wide range of metabolic, atherogenic, and adiposity-related markers in adults stratified by weight status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 130 adults categorized according to their body weight status into: normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Additionally, participants were grouped based on serum vitamin D levels (threshold 20 ng/mL) Clinical, metabolic, and anthropometric variables were compared across groups. A principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to explore underlying patterns of association.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As expected, significant differences in cardiometabolic parameters emerged across weight categories (p &lt; 0.05). However, vitamin D levels showed no significant correlation with most metabolic variables in either univariate or multivariate analysis. PCA revealed that vitamin D and body mass index (BMI) were consistently represented as opposing vectors, suggesting distinct but potentially interacting influences on metabolic risk. While BMI was associated with indices such as TG/HDL, atherogenic index of plasma, and cardiometabolic risk index, vitamin D correlated more closely with HDL, total cholesterol, and Triglyceride-Cholesterol Body Index.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings indicate that vitamin D may influence cardiometabolic profiles through mechanisms that are at least partially independent of adiposity. Despite the lack of direct correlations, the divergent associations observed in PCA suggest possible interaction effects between BMI and vitamin D. Further longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate vitamin D’s role as a context-dependent modulator of metabolic risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145743695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Class 3 obesity in a multidisciplinary weight management program: the effect of psychological trauma on 12-month outcomes","authors":"Ritesh Chimoriya ,&nbsp;Colin Wu ,&nbsp;Kate McBride ,&nbsp;Kathy Grudzinskas ,&nbsp;Nic Kormas ,&nbsp;Phillipa Hay ,&nbsp;Milan K. Piya","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the prevalence of psychological trauma and its effect on 12-month weight change, eating disorder risk, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), among individuals with class 3 obesity (BMI ≥40 kg/m²) attending an intensive multidisciplinary weight management program (WMP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study included patients in a Sydney hospital-based WMP (2018–2021) who consulted a clinical psychologist. The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire-Short (EDE-QS), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), and 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) were completed at baseline and 12 months. Mental and physical component summary (MCS and PCS) scores were derived from SF-36. History of trauma was extracted from clinical notes in electronic medical records.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 269 participants, 46.1 % (n = 124) reported previous psychological trauma. At baseline, participants with trauma had higher K10 and lower MCS scores than individuals without trauma. After 12 months, there were similar improvements in weight change, EDE-QS, K10, PCS and MCS scores, with no significant differences between participants with or without trauma. Presence of trauma was associated with baseline EDE-QS, K10 and MCS scores, but not with changes over 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a high prevalence of psychological trauma among individuals with class 3 obesity presenting to a multidisciplinary WMP. Similar 12-month weight loss and HRQOL improvements were observed among those with or without trauma when access to a mental healthcare professional was embedded within the team.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 68-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145827978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}