Obesity research & clinical practice最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of abdominal obesity in the Portuguese population assessed by different anthropometric indices","authors":"Maria Santos ,&nbsp;Mafalda Sousa-Uva ,&nbsp;Sónia Namorado ,&nbsp;Teresa Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Carlos Matias Dias ,&nbsp;Vânia Gaio","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. The association between abdominal obesity and cardiovascular risk is well established. This study aimed to estimate and characterize the prevalence of abdominal obesity in the Portuguese population aged 25–74 years in 2015, using waist circumference, waist to- hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, and a body shape index.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the First National Health Examination Survey, a cross-sectional study, was used. Participants aged between 25 and 74 years, not pregnant, and with available data on anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference) were included. Individuals undergoing cancer treatment were excluded from the study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 4812 participants the prevalence of abdominal obesity according to each considered anthropometric measure was 40.3 % (95 % CI: 38.0–42.5), 43.6 % (95 % CI: 40.1–47.0), 65.2 % (95 % CI: 62.8–67.5) and 75.5 % (95 % CI: 74.1–76.9) when considering waist circumference, a body shape index, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio, respectively. The most affected individuals had 60–74 years, with no formal education or only primary education and engaged in low-skilled occupations (e.g., farmers, industrial workers, and construction workers). These findings remained consistent, regardless of the index under consideration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence of abdominal obesity ranged from 40.3 % for waist circumference to 75.5 % for waist-to-height ratio. Nonetheless, irrespective of the index employed, the prevalence was elevated. Older individuals, with lower education levels, and those engaged in less skilled occupations were most affected. Early identification of abdominal obesity in Primary Healthcare is essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 401-408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of new DNA methylation markers associated with obesity in children","authors":"Juan Manuel Alfaro,&nbsp;Elsa María Vasquez,&nbsp;Nélida Rodriguez-Osorio,&nbsp;Rodrigo Urrego","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The epigenome may represent a link between environmental factors and the genome in determining obesity risk. Alterations in the methylation pattern in DNA can affect gene expression. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate global DNA methylation in children who develop obesity, establishing a comparison between them according to birth weight.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixteen children from a pediatric endocrinology outpatient clinic were analyzed and categorized into four groups of four children each: children with obesity born with low birth weight (GI), children with obesity born with normal birth weight (GII), children born with low birth weight but without current obesity (GIII), and a healthy control group (GIV). DNA methylation profiles were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 521 DMRs (Differentially Methylated Regions) associated with childhood obesity were identified. When examining their association with birth weight, evidence of both hypermethylation and hypomethylation was found in 38 DMRs (p &lt; 0.05). In the comparison between groups, four CpG sites are hypomethylated in the gene bodies of DBH, ARHGAP17 and PPP2R5C. Six CpG sites are hypermethylated in the bodies of TYRO3, SMYD3, ZNF117, MTF2, SETBP1 and SPG21.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results identify novel differentially methylated DNA sites associated with childhood obesity, as revealed through an epigenome-wide association study. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the epigenetic landscape of childhood obesity. In this study, new differentially methylated CpG sites were found in the gene bodies of DBH, TYRO3, and SMYD3 between children with obesity born with low birth weight and healthy children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 448-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of paternal body mass index on semen parameters and assisted reproductive outcomes in couples undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET treatment","authors":"Jing Yi Han ,&nbsp;Chen Yang ,&nbsp;Bing Nan Ren ,&nbsp;Pei Xin Li,&nbsp;Ran Shen,&nbsp;Wei Zheng,&nbsp;Ruo Wen Zu,&nbsp;Yi Xuan Yan,&nbsp;Yue Yang,&nbsp;Man Yu Hu,&nbsp;Yi Chun Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the impact of paternal body mass index (BMI) on semen parameters and assisted reproductive outcomes in couples undergoing their first IVF/ICSI-ET cycle.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 7618 couples undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET for maternal tubal/pelvic factors from 2017 to 2023. Paternal BMI was classified according to WHO criteria: normal weight (n = 3433), overweight (n = 3248), and obese (n = 937). Semen quality, embryological outcomes (utilizable/high-quality embryos, blastocysts), and ART outcomes (pregnancy, singleton live birth) were compared. ANOVA, chi-square tests, and multivariate regression were used; subgroup analyses were conducted for IVF and ICSI-ET.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Normal sperm morphology was higher in the normal weight group (5.32 ± 4.92 %) vs. overweight (4.85 ± 3.53 %) and obese (4.79 ± 4.93 %) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Utilizable embryo rate was higher in the normal weight group (84.22 ± 19.29 %) than in the overweight group (82.98 ± 20.20 %) (<em>P</em> = 0.018). The utilizable blastocyst rate was also higher vs. obese group (29.60 ± 22.61 % vs. 26.93 ± 21.87 %; <em>P</em> = 0.004). Clinical pregnancy rates were 59.2 %, 56.6 %, and 55.5 % in the normal, overweight, and obese groups, respectively (<em>P</em> = 0.037). ICSI subgroup showed limited ART differences except higher birthweight in the obese group (<em>P</em> = 0.003).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Men with normal BMI demonstrated better sperm morphology, embryo utilization, and pregnancy rates. These findings underscore the importance of assessing paternal BMI in ART and support integrating paternal weight management into preconception care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 434-440"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of single-point insulin sensitivity estimator and other markers to predict metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents","authors":"Kyungchul Song ,&nbsp;Eunju Lee ,&nbsp;Hye Sun Lee ,&nbsp;Hana Lee ,&nbsp;Hyun Wook Chae ,&nbsp;Yu-Jin Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Reliable markers are crucial for the early detection and management of pediatric metabolic syndrome (MS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>1593 children and adolescents were included from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019–2021. We assessed homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides-glucose index (TyG), triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL), the Metabolic Score for IR (METS-IR), and single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) as predictors of MS. Logistic regression analysis was employed for MS according to the parameters. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to compare the markers to predict MS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In logistic regression analyses, HOMA-IR, METS-IR, TyG, TG/HDL, and SPISE scores were significantly associated with the prevalence of MS after adjusting for age, sex and body mass index standard deviation score. In ROC curve, AUCs (95 % confidence intervals) for IDF-defined MS according to HOMA-IR, METS-IR, TyG, TG/HDL, and SPISE were 0.884 (0.848–0.920), 0.959 (0.945 –0.972), 0.922 (0.889–0.954), 0.941 (0.913–0.969), and 0.961 (0.947–0.975), respectively, and those for NCEP-ATP Ⅲ-defined MS were 0.886 (0.828–0.900), 0.959 (0.946 –0.972), 0.915 (0.891–0.938), 0.942 (0.925–0.959), and 0.965 (0.954–0.977), respectively. SPISE was superior to all other markers for prediction of NCEP ATP Ⅲ-defined MS. For predicting IDF-defined MS, AUCs of METS-IR, TG/HDL, and SPISE were higher than those of HOMA-IR and TyG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings highlight the potential of SPISE and METS-IR for early identification and intervention of MS in children and adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 427-433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of exercise on fat free mass reduction during very low energy diet-induced weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Fraser J. Lowrie ,&nbsp;Matthew M. Rahimi ,&nbsp;Clorinda M. Hogan ,&nbsp;Derek L. Tran ,&nbsp;Nathaniel S. Marshall ,&nbsp;Craig L. Phillips ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Gordon ,&nbsp;Brendon J. Yee ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Machan","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Very low energy diets (VLEDs) are effective for rapidly reducing weight in individuals with obesity. They are also associated with a greater fat free mass (FFM) reduction compared to other energy restricted diets. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether the addition of exercise reduces FFM loss during VLED-induced rapid weight loss in people with overweight or obesity. CENTRAL, CINAHL, Medline and Embase databases were systematically searched from inception to October 2024 for randomised controlled trials that combined exercise with VLEDs in adults aged 18–65 with overweight or obesity. The primary outcome was change in FFM. The Cochrane Risk of Bias version 2 tool was used to assess risk of bias. Seven eligible studies (n = 292) were identified. A meta-analysis of five studies (n = 241) showed that VLED with exercise resulted in a higher retention of FFM compared to VLED alone (mean difference = 0.83 kg, 95 % CI 0.17–1.49, p = 0.01). A sub-group analysis was unable to detect any effect from specific exercise modalities. These findings may be limited by the low number and risk of bias of the included studies. Overall, these results suggest the addition of exercise to a VLED may mitigate FFM loss. Greater consistency in reporting exercise prescriptions will improve comparability of exercise modalities and enable the implementation of these therapies in the clinical setting. Prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022309162).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 380-387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: “The recruitment of adolescents with obesity to a randomised controlled trial: A fast track to health sub-study”","authors":"Parth Aphale ,&nbsp;Shashank Dokania ,&nbsp;Himanshu Shekhar","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We read with great interest the article by House et al. detailing recruitment strategies for the Fast Track to Health trial, which evaluated intermittent versus continuous energy restriction in adolescents with obesity and cardiometabolic complications [1]. The study provides valuable insight into recruitment yields across varied referral sources, highlighting the dominant role of specialist referrals (21.2 % enrolment yield) in successful engagement. While the authors have underscored the utility of specialist engagement, the findings also expose a structural gap: underutilisation of primary care and community-based channels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 451-452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can pre-/pro and synbiotics affect cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescence with overweight and obesity? A grade-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Yunduo Wu ,&nbsp;Jun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoshuai Wang ,&nbsp;Shoulin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gut microbiota modulation has been proposed as a potential intervention for managing obesity. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of prebiotic/probiotic/synbiotic supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese pediatrics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted up to January 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating biotics in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity were included. The outcomes were weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI-z score, fasting blood sugar (FBS), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low- and high- density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C). Data were pooled using a random-effects model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Meta-analysis showed no significant effect of prebiotic/probiotic/synbiotic supplementation on weight (WMD = −0.25 kg; 95 % CI: −1.96, 1.47), BMI (WMD = −0.18 kg/m²; 95 % CI: −0.66, 0.29), BMI-z score (WMD = −0.02 unit; 95 % CI: −0.12, 0.05), FBS (WMD = −0.27 mg/dl; 95 % CI: −1.11, 0.57), insulin (WMD = 0.70 μIU/mL; 95 % CI: −1.18, 2.59), HOMA-IR (WMD = 0.24 unit; 95 % CI: −0.28, 0.75), TG (WMD = −0.73 mg/dl; 95 % CI: −7.11–8.57), TC (WMD = 0.99 mg/dl; 95 % CI: −4.24–2.25), LDL-C (WMD = 0.24 mg/dl; 95 % CI: −3.65–3.18), and HDL-C (WMD = −1.04 mg/dl; 95 % CI: −3.18–1.05). However, a significant reduction in FBS was shown with probiotics (P &lt; 0.001). Sensitivity analysis revealed a significant decrease in BW, FBS, and HDL-C (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Prebiotic/probiotic/synbiotic supplementation cannot improve cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 367-379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exercise program to reduce abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Yutaka Igarashi ,&nbsp;Nobuhiko Akazawa ,&nbsp;Seiji Maeda","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Evidence that exercise reduces abdominal fat is ambiguous, so our review used a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of differences among exercise programs.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The inclusion criteria (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome [PICO]) were adults with overweight or obesity, the intervention group performed prolonged exercise and was compared to the control group that did not exercise, and both abdominal visceral fat area (VFA, cm²) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA, cm²) were measured as outcome. These fat areas were converted from absolute (cm²) to relative values (%). The mean differences (MDs) in abdominal VFA and SFA were calculated for each study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twelve studies (591 subjects) were included in the analysis. Pooled MDs in abdominal VFA and SFA decreased significantly (–7.1 % and –9.1 %, respectively). The results of meta-regression analyses indicated that MDs in abdominal VFA (%) and SFA (%) were significantly associated with exercise intensity (metabolic equivalents [METs]) and baseline mean body mass index (BMI [kg/m²]). When the baseline BMI was 25 kg/m², meta-regression equations of abdominal VFA and SFA were γ= –3.1x + 13.3 and γ= –1.6x –4.3, respectively; when it was 30 kg/m², meta-regression equations of abdominal VFA and SFA were γ= –3.1x + 16.3 and γ= –1.6x + 2.2, respectively (γ, MD in abdominal fat and x, METs).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>With an increase in exercise intensity, the abdominal VFA may decrease slightly more than the abdominal SFA. In addition, to equally reduce both abdominal VFA and SFA, overweight or obese people may need to exercise at a high intensity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 388-393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Under-documentation of diagnosis and follow-up procedures for overweight and obesity compared to other cardiovascular risk factors in hospitalised patients: A single centre, retrospective analysis","authors":"Josefine Ruder ,&nbsp;Lukas Schilliger ,&nbsp;Athanasios Kogias ,&nbsp;Cathrin Rekeczki ,&nbsp;Stephan Böhm ,&nbsp;Michael Haidinger ,&nbsp;Manuel Fischler ,&nbsp;Anders Jensen","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Overweight and obesity, defined by a body-mass index (BMI) of 25–30 kg/m² and ≥ 30 kg/m² respectively, constitute a chronic disease with rising prevalence, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in understanding its pathophysiology and novel treatment options, overweight and obesity remain under-diagnosed and under-treated. This study aims to assess the registration of diagnosis and management procedures related to overweight and obesity compared to other cardiovascular risk factors in hospitalized patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a single-centre, retrospective analysis of all patients hospitalized in October 2023 at the Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Bülach, Switzerland. Data were extracted from electronic patient records, focusing on the documentation of overweight and obesity, and related diagnosis-specific management procedures. We then compared the documentation and management of overweight and obesity with other cardiovascular risk factors being hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 275 patients included, a BMI could be calculated in 242 individuals. Of these, 44 % had a BMI of ≥ 25 kg/m² but only 9 % had a documented diagnosis of overweight or obesity. Diagnosis-specific procedures were documented in only 11 % of patients with overweight or obesity, compared to 27 % and 30 % for hypertension and T2DM respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The study suggests a substantial gap in the registration and management of overweight and obesity compared to other cardiovascular risk factors in hospitalized patients. This highlights the need for improved education of medical staff as well as protocols to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of obesity in hospital settings, ensuring comprehensive care and mitigating related health risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 394-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145368474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between carotenoids and weight-adjusted waist index a cross-sectional study based on the national health and nutrition examination survey 2017–2018","authors":"Huirong Shi ,&nbsp;Peichao Zhang ,&nbsp;Chai Yang ,&nbsp;Tao Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div><span><span>The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a novel method for assessing abdominal obesity, offering greater accuracy than do </span>body mass index and waist circumference in determining lean and </span>fat mass<span><span>. Carotenoids, known for their antioxidant properties, can effectively neutralize </span>free radicals. We aimed to examine the relationship between serum carotenoid levels and WWI.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data used in this study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2017 and 2018. Serum carotenoid levels were assessed via high-performance liquid chromatography. A multiple linear regression model was used to examine the correlation between serum carotenoid levels and WWI. Furthermore, potential nonlinear associations were identified using smooth curve fitting.</div></div><div><h3>Principal results</h3><div>In this population-based survey, 3829 participants were included. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the highest serum carotenoid tertile was significantly associated with lower WWI values. The effect sizes (β) and 95 % confidence intervals were −0.31 (-0.37, −0.24), −0.37 (-0.43, −0.31), −0.24 (-0.31, −0.18), and −0.28 (-0.34, −0.21) for α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and lutein/zeaxanthin, respectively. Smoothed curve fitting showed that β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and lutein/zeaxanthin exhibited a nonlinear relationship with WWI.</div></div><div><h3>Major conclusions</h3><div>Several serum carotenoids were inversely associated with WWI in the general population of the United States, suggesting a potential protective role against abdominal obesity. However, further large-scale prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 283-288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}