Obesity research & clinical practice最新文献

{"title":"An exercise programs to reduce abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat in overweight and obese adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Yutaka Igarashi, Nobuhiko Akazawa, Seiji Maeda","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence that exercise reduces abdominal fat is ambiguous, so our review used a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of differences among exercise programs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The inclusion criteria (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome [PICO]) were adults with overweight or obesity, the intervention group performed prolonged exercise and was compared to the control group that did not exercise, and both abdominal visceral fat area (VFA, cm²) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA, cm²) were measured as outcome. These fat areas were converted from absolute (cm²) to relative values (%). The mean differences (MDs) in abdominal VFA and SFA were calculated for each study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies (591 subjects) were included in the analysis. Pooled MDs in abdominal VFA and SFA decreased significantly (-7.1 % and -9.1 %, respectively). The results of meta-regression analyses indicated that MDs in abdominal VFA (%) and SFA (%) were significantly associated with exercise intensity (metabolic equivalents [METs]) and baseline mean body mass index (BMI [kg/m²]). When the baseline BMI was 25 kg/m², meta-regression equations of abdominal VFA and SFA were γ= -3.1x + 13.3 and γ= -1.6x -4.3, respectively; when it was 30 kg/m², meta-regression equations of abdominal VFA and SFA were γ= -3.1x + 16.3 and γ= -1.6x + 2.2, respectively (γ, MD in abdominal fat and x, METs).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With an increase in exercise intensity, the abdominal VFA may decrease slightly more than the abdominal SFA. In addition, to equally reduce both abdominal VFA and SFA, overweight or obese people may need to exercise at a high intensity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the benefits and psychological burdens of using continuous glucose monitoring for lifestyle change: A mixed-methods cross-sectional study.","authors":"Kelli M Richardson, Michelle R Jospe, Jessie Somerville, Julia Felrice, Susan M Schembre","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is increasingly used by people with and without diabetes to support lifestyle change. While CGM's efficacy as a behavior change tool is proven, its potential to cause distress remains underexplored. This study assessed CGM-related distress in adults not using insulin and examined associations with baseline characteristics, psychological traits, and qualitative experiences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multi-method, cross-sectional digital questionnaire was administered to adults with and without diabetes not on insulin who had used CGM within the past year. Quantitative data included participant characteristics, psychological traits, and ratings of CGM-related distress. Qualitative data were gathered through five open-ended questions and analyzed thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-six adults were included. CGM-related distress varied widely. Regardless of diabetes status, more than two-thirds of participants (68 %) reporting fear of type 2 diabetes when observing high glucose levels. Younger age and obesity were associated with greater distress (p < 0.01). Agreeableness was associated with greater fear and unhappiness in response to observing elevated glucose levels (r > 0.3, p < 0.01), while higher eating disorder symptoms correlated with distress over CGM's appearance (r > 0.3; p < 0.01). Qualitative themes revealed that despite distress, most participants (89 %) reported positive dietary and/or physical activity changes in response to CGM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While CGM facilitates healthy lifestyle changes, it may also contribute to distress, particularly among younger adults and those with obesity, high agreeableness and eating disorder symptoms. Qualitative findings indicated distress often coexisted with reported behavior change, suggesting it may act as a motivator and barrier. Future research should develop validated tools to measure CGM-related distress and clarify its role in behavior change.</p>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of exercise on fat free mass reduction during very low energy diet-induced weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Fraser J Lowrie, Matthew M Rahimi, Clorinda M Hogan, Derek L Tran, Nathaniel S Marshall, Craig L Phillips, Christopher J Gordon, Brendon J Yee, Elizabeth A Machan","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Very low energy diets (VLEDs) are effective for rapidly reducing weight in individuals with obesity. They are also associated with a greater fat free mass (FFM) reduction compared to other energy restricted diets. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether the addition of exercise reduces FFM loss during VLED-induced rapid weight loss in people with overweight or obesity. CENTRAL, CINAHL, Medline and Embase databases were systematically searched from inception to October 2024 for randomised controlled trials that combined exercise with VLEDs in adults aged 18-65 with overweight or obesity. The primary outcome was change in FFM. The Cochrane Risk of Bias version 2 tool was used to assess risk of bias. Seven eligible studies (n = 292) were identified. A meta-analysis of five studies (n = 241) showed that VLED with exercise resulted in a higher retention of FFM compared to VLED alone (mean difference = 0.83 kg, 95 % CI 0.17-1.49, p = 0.01). A sub-group analysis was unable to detect any effect from specific exercise modalities. These findings may be limited by the low number and risk of bias of the included studies. Overall, these results suggest the addition of exercise to a VLED may mitigate FFM loss. Greater consistency in reporting exercise prescriptions will improve comparability of exercise modalities and enable the implementation of these therapies in the clinical setting. Prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022309162).</p>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital prehabilitation and cognitive interventions to reduce surgical risk in patients with obesity.","authors":"Herul Wahyudin, M Ramli, Tutut Chusniyah, Nur Eva, Maria Oktasari","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can pre-/pro and synbiotics affect cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescence with overweight and obesity? A grade-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Yunduo Wu, Jun Zhang, Xiaoshuai Wang, Shoulin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gut microbiota modulation has been proposed as a potential intervention for managing obesity. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of prebiotic/probiotic/synbiotic supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese pediatrics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted up to January 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating biotics in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity were included. The outcomes were weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI-z score, fasting blood sugar (FBS), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low- and high- density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C). Data were pooled using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Meta-analysis showed no significant effect of prebiotic/probiotic/synbiotic supplementation on weight (WMD = -0.25 kg; 95 % CI: -1.96, 1.47), BMI (WMD = -0.18 kg/m²; 95 % CI: -0.66, 0.29), BMI-z score (WMD = -0.02 unit; 95 % CI: -0.12, 0.05), FBS (WMD = -0.27 mg/dl; 95 % CI: -1.11, 0.57), insulin (WMD = 0.70 μIU/mL; 95 % CI: -1.18, 2.59), HOMA-IR (WMD = 0.24 unit; 95 % CI: -0.28, 0.75), TG (WMD = -0.73 mg/dl; 95 % CI: -7.11-8.57), TC (WMD = 0.99 mg/dl; 95 % CI: -4.24-2.25), LDL-C (WMD = 0.24 mg/dl; 95 % CI: -3.65-3.18), and HDL-C (WMD = -1.04 mg/dl; 95 % CI: -3.18-1.05). However, a significant reduction in FBS was shown with probiotics (P < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis revealed a significant decrease in BW, FBS, and HDL-C (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prebiotic/probiotic/synbiotic supplementation cannot improve cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese children.</p>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of new DNA methylation markers associated with obesity in children.","authors":"Juan Manuel Alfaro, Elsa María Vasquez, Nélida Rodriguez-Osorio, Rodrigo Urrego","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The epigenome may represent a link between environmental factors and the genome in determining obesity risk. Alterations in the methylation pattern in DNA can affect gene expression. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate global DNA methylation in children who develop obesity, establishing a comparison between them according to birth weight.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixteen children from a pediatric endocrinology outpatient clinic were analyzed and categorized into four groups of four children each: children with obesity born with low birth weight (GI), children with obesity born with normal birth weight (GII), children born with low birth weight but without current obesity (GIII), and a healthy control group (GIV). DNA methylation profiles were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 521 DMRs (Differentially Methylated Regions) associated with childhood obesity were identified. When examining their association with birth weight, evidence of both hypermethylation and hypomethylation was found in 38 DMRs (p < 0.05). In the comparison between groups, four CpG sites are hypomethylated in the gene bodies of DBH, ARHGAP17 and PPP2R5C. Six CpG sites are hypermethylated in the bodies of TYRO3, SMYD3, ZNF117, MTF2, SETBP1 and SPG21.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results identify novel differentially methylated DNA sites associated with childhood obesity, as revealed through an epigenome-wide association study. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the epigenetic landscape of childhood obesity. In this study, new differentially methylated CpG sites were found in the gene bodies of DBH, TYRO3, and SMYD3 between children with obesity born with low birth weight and healthy children.</p>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring patient perspectives: Information-seeking behaviours, beliefs and support needs prior to bariatric surgery.","authors":"Sally Badorrek, Janet Franklin, Michael Devadas, Nicholas Williams, Rachel Russell, Supreet Saluja, Marijka Batterham, Kathryn Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore information-seeking behaviours, influences, expectations, and healthcare professional and psychosocial support needs among individuals preparing for bariatric surgery in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, and to examine differences across public/private and metropolitan/regional healthcare settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline data were collected from a longitudinal, prospective cohort study (HREC 2020/ETH02984) using a purpose-designed questionnaire, from April 2021-September 2024. Adults were recruited from four bariatric services (two public, two private) across metropolitan and regional NSW. Outcomes included self-reported demographics, information sources, beliefs, and support needs prior to surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (n = 238) were predominantly female (79.0 %), aged 43 ± 11.3 years, with a median BMI of 44.5 kg/m² (IQR 39.4-49.7). Of the cohort, 74.0 % attended private and 66.8 % metropolitan services. Public participants had significantly higher BMI than private (48.3 vs 42.2 kg/m², p < 0.05). Key barriers to weight loss included stress, illness, medications, and limited support, particularly in regional and public groups. Most accessed information from the internet (72.0 %) and GPs (67.0 %), with GP involvement higher in regional (81.7 %) and public (82.5 %) settings. Peer experiences strongly influenced decision-making. Participants expected 33-35 % total weight loss, above typical Australian outcomes (29.0 %), and were motivated by health (94.7 %), quality of life (90.0 %), and activity (81.4 %). Common concerns included weight regain (90.0 %), excess skin (89.0 %), and dietary restrictions (75.0 %). Most (71.8 %) anticipated support for 12 months or less or were unsure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals preparing for bariatric surgery reported high expectations and varied healthcare professional and psychosocial support needs. Differences across settings highlight inequities in access, supporting the need for tailored, multidisciplinary care and realistic goal-setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More warning labels, fewer calories: An exploratory study in Mexican undergraduate men.","authors":"Damaris García-Hernández, Antonio Laguna-Camacho","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study addressed whether the number of front-of-package warning labels relates to actual food intake. A total of 400 male undergraduates in Mexico tasted 12 food/drink products, each with 0-4 warning labels. Calorie intake was measured in a controlled experimental setting, with warning labels left visible or covered. Across 4800 product-level observations, a small but consistent negative correlation emerged: more visible warning labels led to fewer calories consumed, a result decisively supported by Bayesian analysis. Findings show that warning labels act cumulatively as risk signals that impact real energy consumption, supporting their use as public health tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145054794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: \"The recruitment of adolescents with obesity to a randomised controlled trial: A fast track to health sub-study\".","authors":"Parth Aphale, Shashank Dokania, Himanshu Shekhar","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We read with great interest the article by House et al. detailing recruitment strategies for the Fast Track to Health trial, which evaluated intermittent versus continuous energy restriction in adolescents with obesity and cardiometabolic complications [1]. The study provides valuable insight into recruitment yields across varied referral sources, highlighting the dominant role of specialist referrals (21.2 % enrolment yield) in successful engagement. While the authors have underscored the utility of specialist engagement, the findings also expose a structural gap: underutilisation of primary care and community-based channels.</p>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of single-point insulin sensitivity estimator and other markers to predict metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents.","authors":"Kyungchul Song, Eunju Lee, Hye Sun Lee, Hana Lee, Hyun Wook Chae, Yu-Jin Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reliable markers are crucial for the early detection and management of pediatric metabolic syndrome (MS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>1593 children and adolescents were included from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019-2021. We assessed homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides-glucose index (TyG), triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL), the Metabolic Score for IR (METS-IR), and single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) as predictors of MS. Logistic regression analysis was employed for MS according to the parameters. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to compare the markers to predict MS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In logistic regression analyses, HOMA-IR, METS-IR, TyG, TG/HDL, and SPISE scores were significantly associated with the prevalence of MS after adjusting for age, sex and body mass index standard deviation score. In ROC curve, AUCs (95 % confidence intervals) for IDF-defined MS according to HOMA-IR, METS-IR, TyG, TG/HDL, and SPISE were 0.884 (0.848-0.920), 0.959 (0.945 -0.972), 0.922 (0.889-0.954), 0.941 (0.913-0.969), and 0.961 (0.947-0.975), respectively, and those for NCEP-ATP Ⅲ-defined MS were 0.886 (0.828-0.900), 0.959 (0.946 -0.972), 0.915 (0.891-0.938), 0.942 (0.925-0.959), and 0.965 (0.954-0.977), respectively. SPISE was superior to all other markers for prediction of NCEP ATP Ⅲ-defined MS. For predicting IDF-defined MS, AUCs of METS-IR, TG/HDL, and SPISE were higher than those of HOMA-IR and TyG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the potential of SPISE and METS-IR for early identification and intervention of MS in children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19408,"journal":{"name":"Obesity research & clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}