Nutrition and Metabolic Insights最新文献

{"title":"TSH Mediated the Effect of Iodized Salt on Child Cognition in a Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Husein Mohammed,&nbsp;Grace S Marquis,&nbsp;Frances Aboud,&nbsp;Karim Bougma,&nbsp;Aregash Samuel","doi":"10.1177/11786388211025352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211025352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examines the hormonal mediators of the effect of iodized salt in pregnancy on child cognition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty districts across 6 zones in the Amhara region of Ethiopia were randomly allocated to a control or intervention arm of early market access to iodized salt. Twenty-two villages per arm were randomly selected for this sub-study. A total of 1220 pregnant women who conceived after the intervention began were enrolled and assessed for their iodine and iron status. Data were collected once on the household socio-demographic status and iodized salt use, and maternal urinary iodine during pregnancy. Then, infants' diet, urinary iodine level, cognitive development (Bayley III), serum hormonal levels, iron status, and inflammation markers were measured between 2 and 13 months of age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median maternal urinary iodine concentration was adequate and significantly higher in the intervention mothers than that of the controls (163 vs 121 µg/L, <i>P</i> < .0001). Intervention children compared to the control children had lower thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (mean: 2.4 ± 1.0 µIU/mL vs 2.7 ± 1.0 µIU/mL, effect size = 0.18, <i>P</i> < .01) and thyroglobulin (Tg) (41.6 ± 1.0 ng/mL vs 45.1 ± 1.0 ng/mL, effect size = 0.14, <i>P</i> < .05). There was an interaction between the intervention and iron stores such that cognition was higher with iron (effect size = 0.28, 100 vs 94 IQ points). TSH was a partial mediator (12%) of the effect of the intervention on child cognition (Sobel z-score = 2.1 ± 0.06, <i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TSH partially mediated the effect of the iodized salt intervention on child cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211025352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211025352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39142319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnitude, Trends, and Determinants of Iodized Salt Availability among Households in Ethiopia: Analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (2000-2016).","authors":"Amare Abera Tareke,&nbsp;Taddese Alemu Zerfu","doi":"10.1177/11786388211025342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211025342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iodine deficiency causes various health problems such as mental defects, goiter, reproductive damage, hypo and hyperthyroidism, stillbirth, abortion, congenital abnormalities, cretinism, mental retardation, muscle anomalies, and reduced work output. Although the adverse effects on health and socio-economic development are well known, they persisted as a public health problem worldwide. Salt iodization is recommended as a simple cost-effective method to prevent iodine deficiency disorders. This study aimed to determine the magnitude, trends, and determinants of iodized salt availability in the household in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current study used the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys conducted from 2000 to 2016 with a total of 57 939 households. Descriptive statistics were performed on selected background characteristics to provide an overall picture of the sample after considering sample weights. To ensure the representativeness of the sample we applied a complex sample design considering household weights, primary sampling units, and the strata associated with it. The Cochran-Armitage test was performed to assess the trend of iodized salt availability in the household. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association between the dependent variable and independent variables. A significance level of .05 was chosen for all analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The magnitude of iodized salt availability in the household was 28.45% in 2000, 54.34% in 2005, 15.42% in 2011, and 89.28% in 2016. Iodized salt availability increased from 28.45% [95% CI: 27.69-29.21] in 2000 to 89.28% [95% CI: 88.79-89.75] in 2016. Despite the decline from 2005 to 2011 in the percentage of households with iodized salt, overall, there was a significant increment from 2000 to 2016 in Ethiopia (<i>P</i>-value <.001). There were differences in the status of salt iodization in the administrative region, wealth, family size, and ownership of radio or television.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Remarkable progress has been made in Ethiopia regarding iodized salt availability in recent years. Besides the current efforts to achieve universal salt iodization, future interventions should prioritize specific groups like those with lower socioeconomic status and geographic areas with lower availability of iodized salt in the household.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211025342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211025342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39142780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein Intake and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Hélio José Coelho-Júnior,&nbsp;Riccardo Calvani,&nbsp;Francesco Landi,&nbsp;Anna Picca,&nbsp;Emanuele Marzetti","doi":"10.1177/11786388211022373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211022373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The present study investigated the association between protein intake and cognitive function in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a literature search with no restriction on publication year in MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, AgeLine from inception up to October 2020. Observational studies that investigated as a primary or secondary outcome the association of protein intake and cognitive function in older adults aged ⩾60 years were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine cross-sectional studies that investigated a total of 4929 older adults were included in the qualitative analysis. Overall cognitive function was examined in 6 studies. Four investigations reported null associations and 2 studies found that older adults with a high protein intake had higher global cognitive function than their counterparts. Results from the meta-analysis suggested that there were no significant associations between protein consumption and global cognitive function in older adults, regardless of gender. Three studies investigated other cognitive domains. Memory and protein intake were significantly and positively correlated in all studies. In addition, visuospatial, verbal fluency, processing speed, and sustained attention were positively associated with protein consumption in 1 study each.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No significant associations between protein intake and global cognitive function were observed in neither qualitative nor quantitative analyses. The association between protein consumption with multiple other cognitive domains were also tested. As a whole, 3 studies reported a positive and significant association between high protein intake and memory, while 1 study observed a significant and positive association with visuospatial, verbal fluency, processing speed, and sustained attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211022373"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211022373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39097034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Consumption: A Review of Its Effects on Metabolic and Hormonal Health.","authors":"Carlos O Mendivil","doi":"10.1177/11786388211022378","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388211022378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dietary habits are a major determinant of the risk of chronic disease, particularly metabolic and endocrine disorders. Fish as a food group are a unique source of nutrients with metabolic and hormonal importance including omega-3 fatty acids, iodine, selenium, vitamin D, taurine and carnitine. Fish are also a source of high quality protein and have in general low caloric density. The impact of these nutrients on cardiovascular risk has been extensively reviewed, but the impact of fish on the broader field of endocrine and metabolic health is sometimes not sufficiently appreciated. This article aimed to summarize the impact the effect of regular fish consumption on conditions like the metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome and the menopausal transition, which are in and of themselves significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The review revealed that scientific evidence from food science, translational research, epidemiologic studies and interventional trials shows that regular fish consumption has a positive impact on thyroid homeostasis, facilitates maintenance of a healthy body weight, reduces the magnitude of age-associated increases in blood pressure, improves glucose homeostasis helping prevent diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, and has a positive impact on muscle mass preservation among the elderly. These effects are mediated by multiple mechanisms, only some of which have been identified. For most of these effects it holds true that the potential benefits are more substantial when baseline fish consumption is low.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211022378"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/eb/70/10.1177_11786388211022378.PMC8182174.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39097035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Deficiency in Children and Adolescents: Role of Puberty and Obesity on Vitamin D Status.","authors":"Hedyeh Saneifard,&nbsp;Marjan Shakiba,&nbsp;Ali Sheikhy,&nbsp;Leila Baniadam,&nbsp;Fatemeh Abdollah Gorji,&nbsp;Aida Fallahzadeh","doi":"10.1177/11786388211018726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211018726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency is common among children and adolescents and can be affected by several factors such as puberty and obesity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate vitamin D status in children and adolescents and to analyse the influence of puberty and obesity on its level.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried-out, in which clinical and biochemical data were gathered from 384 healthy children and adolescents between May 2019 to May 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>220 females and 164 males were enrolled (aged 7-16 years; mean ± SD: 11 ± 2.5). Vitamin D deficiency was found in 49% of the total cases and was significantly more prevalent in females than males (33.1% in female; 15.9% in male, <i>P</i> < .001). Mean vitamin D level was lower in obese children compared with non-obese (<i>P</i> < .001). Non-obese group had significantly higher levels of vitamin D in Tanner stage IV of puberty than obese individuals (20.1 ± 17.0 vs 5.4 ± 2.0) (<i>P</i> = .03). Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in females than males only in Tanner stage II (12.3 ± 9.0 vs 19.6 ± 16.6) (<i>P</i> = .005). The lowest level of Vitamin D was in Tanner stage Ⅳ-Ⅴ in boys and in Tanner stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ in girls (<i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Puberty is an additional risk factor for vitamin D deficiency especially in girls and obese children. This increased risk, together with the fact that most important time for building a proper skeleton is during childhood and adolescent, makes it essential to monitor vitamin D in these age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211018726"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211018726","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39007194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of Vegetarian and Nonvegetarian Peruvian Dietitians about Vegetarianism at Different Stages of Life.","authors":"Jacksaint Saintila,&nbsp;Yaquelin E Calizaya-Milla,&nbsp;David J Javier-Aliaga","doi":"10.1177/1178638821997123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1178638821997123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The vegetarian diet continues to gain recognition and popularity among people; however, few studies have considered the level of knowledge of professional dietitians about this dietary pattern.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the level of knowledge of vegetarian and nonvegetarian Peruvian dietitians regarding vegetarianism at different life stages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried out. An online questionnaire based on the recommendations of the current dietary guidelines was administered to more than 400 registered dietitians. Of which, a total of 179 decided to participate in the study: 72 vegetarians and 107 nonvegetarians. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, considering a significance level of 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women represented the largest proportion of the sample. The participants demonstrated a complete and exhaustive knowledge of the definition of vegetarian diets. Regarding the risks and benefits associated with vegetarianism, the largest proportion of those who got the correct answers were vegetarians. The percentage of correct answers selected for both groups regarding the critical nutrients were less than 50%. Only 17.6% identified the correct answer regarding the risk of eating disorders of vegetarianism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dietitians did not demonstrate complete and comprehensive knowledge of the critical nutrients of vegetarianism and lack information on the risks of eating disorders from the vegetarian diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"1178638821997123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1178638821997123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39066322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Intended Postpartum OGTT Uptake and Willingness to Receive Preventive Behavior Support to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk Among Women with Gestational Diabetes in Singapore: An Exploratory Study.","authors":"Sumali S Hewage,&nbsp;Su Aw,&nbsp;Claudia Chi,&nbsp;Joanne Yoong","doi":"10.1177/11786388211016827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211016827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess and explore the factors affecting willingness to undergo an early postpartum oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and receive postpartum lifestyle modification assistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An explanatory sequential mixed-method design was used. A prenatal cross-sectional survey questionnaire (n = 216) was given to women diagnosed with GDM in a tertiary health institution in Singapore and followed up with postpartum semi-structured interviews (n = 30). Multivariate logistic regression and thematic analysis were conducted before merging the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite universal GDM education, fewer than 75% intended to take the OGTT postpartum, and only 63% felt it was very important. The plan to take the OGTT postpartum was positively associated with a prenatal care provider's specific recommendation. In contrast, Malay women were less likely to take the test. Most women interpreted a care provider's recommendation as implying standard practice, which encouraged intended and actual compliance with testing after giving birth. The perception of moderate to high T2DM risk in the following decade, and subsidized prenatal care, and plan to take the OGTT postpartum were positively associated with willingness to receive postpartum lifestyle behavior support. A mobile application was the preferred method to receive support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the early postpartum period, women with a history of GDM were willing to receive measures to reduce T2DM risk, primarily if it was under the supervision and recommendation of a care provider. A carefully designed but simple postpartum lifestyle intervention incorporating these preferences that can be integrated into mainstream diabetes prevention programs is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211016827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211016827","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38936851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Over-Nutrition Among Men 15-54 years in Uganda: A National Survey.","authors":"Ivan Kato Arinda,&nbsp;Quraish Sserwanja,&nbsp;Sylvia Nansubuga,&nbsp;David Mukunya,&nbsp;Phiona Akampereza","doi":"10.1177/11786388211016833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211016833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally and in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the prevalence of overweight and obesity are on the rise. Data on overweight and obesity among men are scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with over-nutrition among men in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) 2016 data of 5,408 men aged 15 to 45 years. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select study participants and data were collected using validated questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with over-nutrition among 15 to 54-year-old men in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of over nutrition was 9.1%, where that of overweight was 7.9% (95% CI 7.2-8.7 and obesity was1.2% (95% CI 0.9-1.5). Men who were aged 25 to 34 (AOR = 3.28; 95% CI: 1.92-5.59), 35-44 (AOR = 4.51; 95% CI: 2.61-7.82) and 45 to 54 (AOR = 4.28; 95% CI: 2.37-7.74) were more likely to have over-nutrition compared to those aged 15 to 24 years. Married men (AOR=2.44; 95% CI: 1.49-3.99) were 2 times more likely to have over-nutrition than men who were not married. Men in the central region (AOR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.22-2.60) were 1.78 times more likely to have over-nutrition than men in the northern region. Men who were in the richest wealth index quintiles were 10 times more likely to have over-nutrition compared to those in the poorest wealth index quintile (AOR = 9.38: 95 % CI 5.14-17.10).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The factors associated with over-nutrition among Ugandan men in our study were increasing age, marital status, increasing wealth and region of origin. This shows the need for measures to abate the regional development inequalities, need to promote physical activity among older men and need to improve on the knowledge of nutrition and dietetic practices for married couples and men of different social classes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211016833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211016833","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38936852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dyslipidemia Among Psychiatric Patients on Antipsychotic Treatment at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.","authors":"Agete Tadewos Hirigo,&nbsp;Tesfaye Teshome,&nbsp;Wondwossen Abera Gitore,&nbsp;Endale Worku","doi":"10.1177/11786388211016842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211016842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dyslipidemia is one of the adverse metabolic outcomes associated with psychotropic medications and the nature of the mental illness itself. Therefore, this study aimed to assess magnitude of dyslipidemia and associated factors among patients with severe mental illness on antipsychotic treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 245 patients with severe mental illness in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Sidama Regional state, Southern Ethiopia. Socio-demographic and other important data were collected using a structured questionnaire through a systematic random sampling technique. Individual dyslipidemia was characterized by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel-III (NCEP ATP-III) guideline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean total cholesterol (TC) was significantly higher in males when compared to females (162.2 mg/dl vs 121 mg/dl, <i>P</i> = .023). While, mean LDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in females when compared to males (100.9 mg/dl vs 93.6 mg/dl, <i>P</i> = .028). Overall 58.4% (95% CI: 52.2-64.8) of participants had at least 1 dyslipidemia. The prevalence of TC ⩾200 mg/dl, HDL-cholesterol <40 mg/dl, triglyceride (TG) and LDL-cholesterol were 61 (24.9%), 75 (30.6%), 66 (26.9%), and 47 (19.2%), respectively. Female sex and smoking were significantly and positively associated with LDL-c dyslipidemia, the aOR (95% CI) were 2.1 (1.0-4.2) for female sex and 3.4 (1.1-10.5) for smoking. Also, Age >40 years was significantly associated with TC dyslipidemia, the aOR (95% CI) was 2.0 (1.1-3.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than half of psychiatric patients are at risk of developing cardiovascular and other related health problems. Therefore, periodic screening of lipid profiles during healthcare follow-up is mandatory to limit risks of cardiovascular-related comorbidities among patients with severe mental illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211016842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211016842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38936853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesogenic Diets Cause Alterations on Proteins and Theirs Post-Translational Modifications in Mouse Brains.","authors":"Valentina Siino,&nbsp;Pia Jensen,&nbsp;Peter James,&nbsp;Sonya Vasto,&nbsp;Antonella Amato,&nbsp;Flavia Mulè,&nbsp;Giulia Accardi,&nbsp;Martin Røssel Larsen","doi":"10.1177/11786388211012405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211012405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity constitutes a major global health threat and is associated with a variety of diseases ranging from metabolic and cardiovascular disease, cancer to neurodegeneration. The hallmarks of neurodegeneration include oxidative stress, proteasome impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction and accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates as well as metabolic alterations. As an example, in post-mortem brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), several studies have reported reduction of insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin receptor and an increase in tau protein and glycogen-synthase kinase-3β compared to healthy controls suggesting an impairment of metabolism in the AD patient's brain. Given these lines of evidence, in the present study we investigated brains of mice treated with 2 obesogenic diets, high-fat diet (HFD) and high-glycaemic diet (HGD), compared to mice fed with a standard diet (SD) employing a quantitative mass spectrometry-based approach. Moreover, post-translational modified proteins (phosphorylated and N-linked glycosylated) were studied. The aim of the study was to identify proteins present in the brain that are changing their expression based on the diet given to the mice. We believed that some of these changes would highlight pathways and molecular mechanisms that could link obesity to brain impairment. The results showed in this study suggest that, together with cytoskeletal proteins, mitochondria and metabolic proteins are changing their post-translational status in brains of obese mice. Specifically, proteins involved in metabolic pathways and in mitochondrial functions are mainly downregulated in mice fed with obesogenic diets compared to SD. These changes suggest a reduced metabolism and a lower activity of mitochondria in obese mice. Some of these proteins, such as PGM1 and MCT1 have been shown to be involved in brain impairment as well. These results might shed light on the well-studied correlation between obesity and brain damage. The results presented here are in agreement with previous findings and aim to open new perspectives on the connection between diet-induced obesity and brain impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211012405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211012405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39003594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}