Nutrition and Metabolic Insights最新文献

{"title":"Biological Functions and Activities of Rice Bran as a Functional Ingredient: A Review.","authors":"Suwimol Sapwarobol,&nbsp;Weeraya Saphyakhajorn,&nbsp;Junaida Astina","doi":"10.1177/11786388211058559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211058559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice bran (RB) is a nutrient-rich by-product of the rice milling process. It consists of pericarp, seed coat, nucellus, and aleurone layer. RB is a rich source of a protein, fat, dietary fibers, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals (mainly oryzanols and tocopherols), and is currently mostly used as animal feed. Various studies have revealed the beneficial health effects of RB, which result from its functional components including dietary fiber, rice bran protein, and gamma-oryzanol. The health effects of RB including antidiabetic, lipid-lowering, hypotensive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, while its consumption also improves bowel function. These health benefits have drawn increasing attention to RB in food applications and as a nutraceutical product to mitigate metabolic risk factors in humans. This review therefore focuses on RB and its health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211058559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/71/fb/10.1177_11786388211058559.PMC8655829.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39719230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Utility of Amino Acid Citrulline as a Surrogate Metabolomic Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease.","authors":"Avinash Lomash, Anupa Prasad, Raghvendra Singh, Somesh Kumar, Rishi Gupta, Dhwani Dholakia, Praveen Kumar, Vineeta V Batra, Amarender S Puri, Seema Kapoor","doi":"10.1177/11786388211060603","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388211060603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Citrulline is regarded as a biomarker for celiac disease (CD). Its utility for assessment and evaluation of additive predictive value for latent, potential CD and first degree relatives (FDRs) needs exploration.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Consecutive 558 index cases diagnosed as per European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) 2012 guidelines and their 1565 FDRs were evaluated over five and half year period. Serology negative FDRs at initial visit and follow ups were served as controls. HLA typing for DQ2 and DQ8 genotypes, along with plasma and dried blood spot (DBS) filter paper citrulline were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median plasma citrulline values were 20.1 and 37.33 µMol/l in cases and controls (<i>P</i> < .001). Cut off values for Marsh grade 3a, 3b, and 3c were 35.0, 32.8, 25.26 µMol/l in CD patients and 36.51, 30.10, 25.26 µMol/l in biopsy proven FDR. Increasing trends of plasma citrulline levels with decreasing tTG-IgA levels were observed on follow up. Low plasma citrulline levels were observed with HLA DQ 2.5 genotype (<i>P</i> < .05). Agreement between DBS and plasma citrulline was 94.8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Citrulline is a good surrogate biomarker for identification of histopathological grade of damage, extent of mucosal recovery and has negative correlation with tTG-IgA. It identifies the silent and latent phase of CD. DBS citrulline provides adequate information and can be used for monitoring CD patients at remote locations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211060603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2d/1a/10.1177_11786388211060603.PMC8655831.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39719232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Practice and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women at Public Health Institution in Mizan-Aman Town, Southwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Abel Girma Tilahun,&nbsp;Abebaw Molla Kebede,&nbsp;Amare Genetu Ejigu","doi":"10.1177/11786388211057796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211057796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A poor dietary intake of key macronutrients and micronutrients adversely affects pregnancy outcomes and neonatal health. The occurrence of dietary inadequacy during pregnancy is higher compared to any other stage of the life cycle. Therefore, this study aimed to assess dietary practice and associated factors among pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 378 pregnant women from March to May 2021 at the public health institution of Mizan-Aman town, southwest Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling technique was used to reach the study participants. The short food-frequency questionnaires and nutrition-behaviors checklist measurement were used to assess the dietary practice. Nine questions were applied to assess the dietary attitudes of the respondents. After the summation of the score, the respondent was categorized as favorable attitude if their score was > the median and unfavorable attitude if their score was ⩽ to the median of the score. The data were entered into Epi Data 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21 software for analysis. Variables of <i>P</i>-value <.25 during bivariate logistic regression analysis were considered for multivariate analysis. Finally variables with an adjusted odds ratio of <i>P</i>-value <.05 along with a 95% Confidence interval (CI) were declared statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall magnitude of good dietary practice among pregnant women was 25.1% (95% CI: 20.9, 29.71%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the variables having television/radio (AOR = 4.2, 95% CI: 1.8, 10.2), household food security (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.0, 9.9), good dietary knowledge(AOR = 4.1, 95% CI: 1.98, 8.6), favorable dietary attitude (AOR = 4.34, 95% CI: 1.2, 8.7), monthly income of 1000 to 2000 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.3,11.2) and >2000 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 7.0;95% CI: 3.3,15.4) were significantly associated with good dietary practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The dietary practice among pregnant women was very low. The factors like having television/radio, good dietary knowledge, household food security, favorable dietary attitude, and monthly income of 1000 to 200 and greater than 2000 Ethiopian birr were significantly associated with the good dietary practice of pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211057796"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a7/0a/10.1177_11786388211057796.PMC8606983.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39923205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Nutrition in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Celine I Partha Sarathi,&nbsp;Oliver D Mowforth,&nbsp;Amil Sinha,&nbsp;Faheem Bhatti,&nbsp;Aniqah Bhatti,&nbsp;Melika Akhbari,&nbsp;Shahzaib Ahmed,&nbsp;Benjamin M Davies","doi":"10.1177/11786388211054664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211054664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is the commonest cause of adult spinal cord impairment worldwide, encompassing chronic compression of the spinal cord, neurological disability and diminished quality of life. Evidence on the contribution of environmental factors is sparse; in particular, the role of nutrition in DCM is unknown. The objective of this review was to assess the effect of nutrition on DCM susceptibility, severity and surgical outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review in MEDLINE and Embase was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Full-text papers in English papers, focussing on cervical myelopathy and nutrition, published before January 2020 were considered eligible. Quality assessments were performed using the GRADE assessment tool. Patient demographics, nutritional factor and DCM outcomes measures were recorded. Relationships between nutritional factors, interventions and disease prognosis were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 5835 papers were identified of which 44 were included in the final analysis. DCM patients with pathological weight pre-operatively were more likely to see poorer improvements post-surgically. These patients experienced poorer physical and mental health improvements from surgery compared to normal weight patients and were more likely to suffer from post-operative complications such as infection, DVT, PE and hospital readmissions. Two trials reporting benefits of nutritional supplements were identified, with 1 suggesting Cerebrolysin to be significant in functional improvement. An unbalanced diet, history of alcohol abuse and malnourishment were associated with poorer post-operative outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the overall strength of recommendation is low, current evidence suggests nutrition may have a significant role in optimising surgical outcome in DCM patients. Although it may have a role in onset and severity of DCM, this is a preliminary suggestion. Further work needs to be done on how nutrition is defined and measured, however, the beneficial results from studies with nutritional interventions suggest nutrition could be a treatment target in DCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211054664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8558601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39588297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NAD⁺, Senolytics, or Pyruvate for Healthy Aging?","authors":"Fang-Qiang Zhou","doi":"10.1177/11786388211053407","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388211053407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In last decades, healthy aging has become one of research hotspots in life science. It is well known that the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidized form (NAD⁺) level in cells decreases with aging and aging-related diseases. Several years ago, one of NAD⁺ precursors was first demonstrated with its new role in DNA damage repairing in mice, restoring old mice to their physical state at young ones. The finding encourages extensive studies in animal models and patients. NAD⁺ and its precursors have been popular products in nutrition markets. Alternatively, it was also evidenced that clearance of cellular senescence by senolytics preserved multiorgan (kidney and heart) function and extended healthy lifespan in mice. Subsequent studies confirmed findings in elderly patients subjected with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The senolytic therapy is now focused on various diseases in animal and clinical studies. However, pyruvate, as both a NAD⁺ substitute and a new senolytic, may be advantageous, on the equimolar basis, over current products above in preventing and treating diseases and aging. Pyruvate-enriched fluids, particularly pyruvate oral rehydration salt, may be a novel intervention for diseases and aging besides critical care. Albeit the direct evidence that benefits healthy aging is still limited to date, pyruvate, as both NAD⁺ provider and senolytic agent, warrants intensive research to compare NAD⁺ or senolytics for healthy aging, specifically on the equimolar basis, in effective blood levels. This review briefly discussed the recognition of healthy aging by comparing NAD⁺ and Senolytics with sodium pyruvate from the clinical point of view.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211053407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a5/f5/10.1177_11786388211053407.PMC8552375.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39578510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding Practices of Newborns in Bangladesh: Evidence From Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey.","authors":"Md Saifullah Sakib,&nbsp;Abu Sayed Md Ripon Rouf,&nbsp;Tahmina Ferdous Tanny","doi":"10.1177/11786388211054677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211054677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Early initiation of breastfeeding is essential for newborns after birth to reduce mortality and morbidity. Early initiation of breastfeeding awareness/activities may be a vital role in Bangladesh to minimize the infant deaths. The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with the early initiation of breastfeeding practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017 to 2018 data was used that will be the first analysis for early initiation of breastfeeding practices in this data set in Bangladesh. Considering the importance of early breastfeeding practices, the dependent variable was divided into 3 categories (immediately: breastfeeding for less than 20 minutes, within an hour, and after 1 hour) to find a significant association with early breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh. Bivariate analysis is used to examine the differentials to early initiation of breastfeeding according to the selected number of background variables. Multinomial logistic regression is used to determine predictive independent factors associated with the dependent variable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using BDHS 2017 to 2018 data on 4950 observations, this study revealed that 24.6% of mothers breastfed their babies immediately after birth and 36.2% of mothers breastfed their babies within an hour. The rate of mothers who breastfeed their babies immediately after birth is lowest at the age of 20 to 25, mothers with a higher level of education, richer class, Khulna division, the first child born, Islam, and private/NGO. With a multivariate analysis of breastfeeding within an hour compared to immediate breastfeeding: richest (OR = 0.71), Barisal division (OR = 0.72), and Buddhism <math><mrow><mo>(</mo> <mi>O</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <mn>52</mn> <mo>)</mo></mrow> </math> are less likely to breastfeed newborns compared to the reference category. On the other hand, primary, secondary, and higher educated mothers are more likely to breastfeed newborns compared to no educated mothers. Besides, breastfeeding newborns after 1 hour compared to immediate after birth: mothers aged 20 to 25 (OR = 1.40), richer (OR = 1.46), higher secondary (OR = 2.06), Khulna division (OR = 1.81), and private/NGO (OR = 2.51) are more likely breastfeed newborn.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mother's education, wealth index, region, birth order, religion, and place of delivery have a significant impact on the early initiation of breastfeeding practices, but the rate of immediate breastfeeding is relatively lower than others. Ultimately, this information will help planners and other professionals plan strategies and interventions to provide good quality health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211054677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/28/ce/10.1177_11786388211054677.PMC8554558.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39578511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to Recovery and Determinants of Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition Among 6 to 59 Months Children From the Outpatient Therapeutic Feeding Program in North Shewa Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia: A Prospective Follow-up Study","authors":"Amare Bekalu, Degemu Sahlu, A. Tadesse, Biachew Asmare, Yidersail Hune, B. Tilahun","doi":"10.1177/11786388221106984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221106984","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Community-based management of acute malnutrition is implementing in Ethiopia but there is scarce information in our study set up regarding the time to recovery and its predictors of severe acute malnutrition among 6 to 59 months children, so this study aimed to assess the time to recovery and its predictors for uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition among 6 to 59 children managed at the outpatient therapeutic program in north Shewa zone, Ethiopia. Methods: A health post-based prospective follow-up study was conducted on 6 to 59 months children from November 20/2020 to February 20/2021. A total of 423 children had included in the study. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire had used. The median time to recovery had calculated using the Kaplan-Meier curve. Bi-variable and multi-variable Cox regression models with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were done. Finally, the variable that had a P-value < .05 in the multi-variable analysis was declared as the predictors of time to recovery. Proportional hazard assumption was checked graphically and using Schoenfeld residual test. Result: From the total 423 Children, 327 (77.3%) recovered. The median time to recovery was 42 (IQR 14) days. Children from food secure households; AHR = 9.6 with 95% CI (8.1-18.5), mild food insecure; AHR = 6.5 with 95% CI (3.1, 13.8), moderate food insecure; AHR = 2.5 with 95% CI (1.2-5.3). Mothers who traveled less than 2 hours walking distance to the health post; AHR = 2.6 with 95% CI (1.8-18.7). Children who received the correct dose of the RUTF AHR = 1.6 with 95% CI (1.1-2.3), children who measured their weight weekly AHR = 1.5 with 95% CI (1.1-2.0), and children treated by health extension worker who took the Nutrition-related training AHR = 2.1 with 95% CI (1.0-4.5) were predictors of time to recovery. Conclusion: The median time to recovery was within the acceptable range of the Ethiopian protocol for the management of uncomplicated SAM in the Outpatient setup. Household food security status, the distance between home and health posts, the correct dose of RUTF, weekly weight measurement per protocol, and HEWs nutrition-related training status were the significant predictors of time to recovery.","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49316841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural and Urban Correlates of Stunting Among Under-Five Children in Sierra Leone: A 2019 Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey.","authors":"Quraish Sserwanja, Kassim Kamara, Linet M Mutisya, Milton W Musaba, Shirin Ziaei","doi":"10.1177/11786388211047056","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388211047056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Undernutrition accounts for at least 50% of the annual global under-five mortality burden. Although disparities in the childhood stunting between urban and rural areas in Sierra Leone have been documented, information on factors associated with these differences is lacking. We aimed to determine rural-urban correlates of stunting among children under the age of 5 in Sierra Leone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 2019 Sierra Leone demographic and health survey (SLDHS) focusing on under-five children. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to examine rural-urban factors associated with childhood stunting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of stunting was 31.6% (95% CI 29.8-33.2) in rural areas and 24.0% (95% CI 21.6-26.1) in urban areas. Within the rural areas, children of stunted mothers (aOR = 2.37; 95% CI 1.07-5.24, <i>P</i> < .05), younger mothers aged 15 to 19 years (aOR = 2.08; 95% CI 1.17-3.69, <i>P</i> < .05), uneducated mothers (aOR = 1.87; 95% CI 1.28-2.71, <i>P</i> < .01), as well as older children (24-59 months) (aOR = 1.83; 95% CI 1.48-2.27, <i>P</i> < .001), and boys (aOR = 1.37; 95% CI 1.12-1.66, <i>P</i> < .01) were more likely to be stunted compared to those of non-stunted, older, post-primary education mothers and those who were less than 24 months and girls respectively. While urban children whose fathers had lower education (aOR = 1.94; 95% CI 1.10-3.42, <i>P</i> < .05), whose mothers were more parous (para 2-4) (aOR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.03-2.95, <i>P</i> < .05), and boys (aOR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.06-2.08, <i>P</i> < .05) were more likely to be stunted compared to their counterparts with fathers that had tertiary education, mothers of low parity and girls, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Stunting is more prevalent in the rural areas compared to the urban areas. Sex of the child was the only significant factor in both rural and urban areas. Our study findings suggest that programs designed to reduce stunting should aim for integrated yet context specific interventions in rural and urban areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211047056"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/13/a0/10.1177_11786388211047056.PMC8488416.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39515945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition Knowledge is Associated With the Consumption of Iron Rich Foods: A Survey Among Pregnant Women From a Rural District in Northern Ghana.","authors":"Nhyira Yaw Adjei-Banuah,&nbsp;Victor Abugah Aduah,&nbsp;Shamsu-Deen Ziblim,&nbsp;Martin Amogre Ayanore,&nbsp;Anthony Amalba,&nbsp;Victor Mogre","doi":"10.1177/11786388211039427","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388211039427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Iron deficiency anaemia is an international public health concern and pregnant women are at an increased risk. We investigated the consumption of iron rich foods and associated factors among pregnant women in a rural district from Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following a cross-sectional design, dietary intake of iron rich foods was obtained from 252 pregnant women using a 24-hour recall food check list. Nutrition knowledge, attitudes and socio-demographic characteristics were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Participants had a mean (SD) knowledge score of 54.66 (22.74)%. About 73% of the participants had heard about iron-deficiency anaemia. Only 16.3% of the participants knew foods that help the body to absorb and use iron while 9.1% knew beverages that decrease iron absorption. About 71% of the participants ate fish and/or seafood while 67.1% of them ate green leafy vegetables. Only 4.4% of the participants ate organ meat, and 29% took flesh meat. Only 22.4% of the study participants usually drank coffee or tea while 78.2% ate vitamin C-rich foods. With regards to attitudes, 88.5% of the participants perceived anaemia to be a serious disease. Nutrition knowledge was significantly associated with the consumption of iron rich foods (β = .02; 95% CI = 0.01-0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nutrition knowledge may be an important determinant of the consumption of iron rich foods among pregnant women making it necessary for healthcare providers to continue to provide nutrition education to pregnant women during routine antenatal care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211039427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9f/7a/10.1177_11786388211039427.PMC8411617.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39387587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Regular Khat Chewing on Serum Fasting Sugar Level in Diabetic patients versus Healthy Individuals; A comparative study.","authors":"Yordanos Mengistu,&nbsp;Gobena Dedefo,&nbsp;Mesay Arkew,&nbsp;Gebeyehu Asefa,&nbsp;Gutema Jebessa,&nbsp;Abay Atnafu,&nbsp;Zerihun Ataro,&nbsp;Samuel Kinde","doi":"10.1177/11786388211035220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211035220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Khat chewing is a long standing social-cultural habit in several countries. Even though many people chew khat simply for its pleasurable and stimulatory effect, evidence showed widely-held belief among khat chewers in Ethiopia and other part of the world that khat helps to lower blood glucose while some studies are contradicted on the effect of khat. There is limited data about khat's effect on blood glucose especially in our setting, Harar estern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Primarily the present study aims to compare fasting blood sugar level among khat chewer diabetic and healthy individuals, and to asses risk factors associated with poor glycemic control in diabetic subjects.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study included 200 confirmed diabetic and healthy subjects. Fasting blood sugar was determined by enzymatic method glucose oxidase and glucose hexokinase. Glycemic control was also determined for diabetic subjects based on the last 2-month diabetic clinic visits and current measurement.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>(Median ± IQR [interquartile range]) fasting blood sugar difference among Khat chewer and non khat chewer were 159 ± 83 mg/dl and 202 ± 79 mg/dl respectively in diabetic subjects when tested by glucose oxidase. Similarly, in healthy non khat chewer and khat chewer, khat chewers has lower (Median ± IQR) fasting blood glucose level 82 ± 18 mg/dl than non khat chewers 94 ± 13 mg/dl when tested by glucose oxidase. Regarding risk factors associated with poor glycemic control in diabetic subjects, positive parental diabetes history, insulin medication, being overweight, obese were significantly associated with poor glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was significant effect of khat on median FBS among khat chewers in diabetic and healthy individuals. And the proportion of glycemic control was high among diabetic subjects.</p><p><strong>Recommendation: </strong>Health care professional and patients should manage the risk factors to delay disease progression and restrain the damage. More studies should be conducted in randomized control trial manner to further elucidate khat effect on blood sugar level so that the actual effect of khat can be identified unlike in cross sectional where there may not be strong causal relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211035220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211035220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39299271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}