Nutrition and Metabolic Insights最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Consumers' Perception of Chicken Eggs Consumption and Associated Health Implications in the Volta Region of Ghana.","authors":"Maxwell Abive-Bortsi,&nbsp;Samuel Tawiah Baidoo,&nbsp;Samuel Amiteye","doi":"10.1177/11786388221118872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221118872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rather erroneously, eggs consumption is linked to increase in plasma cholesterol content and incidents of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, stroke, or diabetes. This misconception which is more pervasive particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, has led to very low patronage of eggs intake. In this study, egg consumption patterns, desired egg characteristics, and the extent to which the perception of eggs consumption as a health risk is entrenched among consumers in the Volta Region of Ghana, were examined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used primary data for the analysis and the 2-stage sampling technique was employed. First, 5 districts (Keta, Ho, Krachi East, Nkwanta South and North Tongu) were selected and afterward, a sample was randomly selected from each of the district. A well designed and pretested questionnaires were administered to the respondents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that cheaper price and deep yellow yolk were the most persuasive parameters that motivate consumer purchase. The relationship between educational level and awareness on cholesterol types was significant. More than half of the respondents held the view that egg intake results in an increase in serum cholesterol and leads to the incidence of serious health problems.</p><p><strong>Recommendation: </strong>This study proves the urgent need for a concerted national public education effort to raise awareness about the nutritional and health benefits of eggs intake. Success in such awareness creation will go a long way to greatly minimize acute malnutrition in the Ghana.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11786388221118872"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7f/39/10.1177_11786388221118872.PMC9393586.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40636251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of 3 Polyherbal Formulations (EcXaPu, EcXa, and EcPu) on the Management of Oxidative Stress and Hyperglycemia.","authors":"Nadine Ndoe Essola,&nbsp;Guy Roussel Nguemto Takuissu,&nbsp;Martin Fonkoua,&nbsp;Janvier Aimé Youovop Fotso,&nbsp;Damaris Mandob,&nbsp;Judith Laure Ngondi,&nbsp;Innocent Gouado","doi":"10.1177/11786388221118875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221118875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress and hyperglycemia are major disorders involved in the occurrence and severity not only of chronic non-communicable diseases but also of infectious pathologies. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antihyperglycemic properties of EcXaPu, EcXa, and EcPu. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using 3 mechanisms: radical scavenging; reducing property, and metal chelating. Finally, the antihyperglycemic properties were evaluated by 2 mechanisms: glucose adsorption and cellular glucose capture. The different formulations showed their ability to scavenge DPPH, ABTS, and NO radicals with SC₅₀ ranging from 2.75 to 3.51 mg/ml, from 2.6 to 2.76 mg/ml, and from 2.59 to 3.3 mg/ml, respectively. All the formulations also reduced MoO₄ ²⁺ and Fe³⁺ and chelated Cu²⁺ and Fe²⁺. The different formulations adsorbed the glucose with glucose adsorption rates ranging from 72.83% to 87.01%. The different formulations also stimulated cellular glucose uptake, with uptake rates ranging from 31.9% to 50.71% in yeast cells and from 21.81% to 39.45% in muscle cells. These formulations could be potential agents to prevent and/or protect against biological disorders associated with oxidative stress and hyperglycemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11786388221118875"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/01/12/10.1177_11786388221118875.PMC9393582.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40634770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of the anti-diabetic potential of saffron.","authors":"Anis Sani,&nbsp;Ali Tajik,&nbsp;Seiied Sina Seiiedi,&nbsp;Razieh Khadem,&nbsp;Haniye Tootooni,&nbsp;Mohammadhossein Taherynejad,&nbsp;Nasim Sabet Eqlidi,&nbsp;Seyyed Mohammad Matin Alavi Dana,&nbsp;Niloofar Deravi","doi":"10.1177/11786388221095223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221095223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders that affect people of all genders, ages, and races. Medicinal herbs have gained attention from researchers and have been widely investigated for their antidiabetic potential. Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus</i> L.) and its main constituents, that is, crocin and crocetin, are natural carotenoid compounds, widely known to possess a wide spectrum of properties and induce pleiotropic anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and neuro-protective effects. An increasing number of experimental, animal and human studies have investigated the effects and mechanism of action of these compounds and their potential therapeutic use in the treatment of diabetes. This narrative review presents the key findings of published clinical studies that examined the effects of saffron and/or its constituents in the context of diabetes mellitus. Moreover, an overview of the proposed underlying mechanisms mediating these effects, the medicinal applications of saffron, and the new findings regarding its effect on diabetes and various cellular and molecular mechanisms of action will be debated.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11786388221095223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1a/1a/10.1177_11786388221095223.PMC9335478.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40571453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Dietary Quality Indices and Atherosclerosis Risk: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Mahsa Samadani,&nbsp;Anahita Mansoori,&nbsp;Habib Haybar,&nbsp;Fatemeh Haidari,&nbsp;Majid Mohammadshahi","doi":"10.1177/11786388221111934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221111934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several diet quality scores have been developed to evaluate the health benefits of individual diets such as Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Mediterranean diet score (Med). This study aims to determine the relationship between dominant dietary health scores with the risk of atherosclerosis in Iranian adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study was conducted on 323 patients with atherosclerosis and 334 individuals without atherosclerosis as control group. Food Frequency Questionnaire was used for obtaining dietary intakes; then HEI, DASH score, and Med score was calculated. Logistic regression models were used to calculate Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) between quartiles of the HEI, DASH and Med and atherosclerosis risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that total scores for HEI, DASH, and Med in control group was higher than the atherosclerosis group. The results also indicated that higher adherence to HEI (OR: 0.43; CI: [0.24, 0.76], <i>P</i>-trend = .006), DASH (OR: 0.48; CI: [0.3, 0.78], <i>P</i>-trend = .003), and Mediterranean pattern (OR: 0.4; CI: [0.21, 0.76]) decreased odds ratio of atherosclerosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that adherence to HEI, DASH, and Mediterranean diet might be associated with a lower risk of Atherosclerosis and can have a positive effect on general health and prevention of chronic diseases in people.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11786388221111934"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4e/f4/10.1177_11786388221111934.PMC9301100.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40631010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practice of Sunlight Exposure of Infants and Associated Factors Among Infant Coupled Mothers at Dejen District, Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia 2021.","authors":"Amare Bekalu,&nbsp;Abebaw Molla,&nbsp;Bayachew Asmare,&nbsp;Yidersal Hune,&nbsp;Habtamu Temesgen","doi":"10.1177/11786388221106983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221106983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Currently, nutritional rickets has become a concern of many nutrition experts in many countries. Sunlight is the best and most reliable Source of vitamin D. Since, there is scarce information regarding infant sunlight exposure practice and the determinant factors. Hence, this study aimed to assess mothers' infant sunlight exposure, practice level, and associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 884 mothers from March 20 to April 4, 2017. Through the multi-stage simple random sampling method, the study areas had selected. The data were collected using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire and were entered into Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. The strength of association was measured using binary logistic regression at a 95% CI odds ratio. Finally, <i>P</i> < .05% was declared statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 884 infant coupled mothers, 866 were recruited in the study with a response rate of 97.9%. Only 44% of mothers had good practice of infant sunlight exposure. In multivariate analyses; Knowledge status (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.0-1.9), Attitude status (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.9), mothers age group (AOR = 8.6, 95% CI: 5.1-14.4), mothers educational status (AOR = 5.2, 95% CI: 1.6-16.9), delivery at health facility (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0-2.1), and friend influence (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2-2.1) were significantly associated with maternal exposure status of their infants to sunlight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This finding showed that the majority of the mothers did not expose their infants to sunlight appropriately. The mother's knowledge, attitude, educational status, institutional delivery, and friend influence were the significant factors and needs to work on these.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11786388221106983"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4c/d4/10.1177_11786388221106983.PMC9253983.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40479189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Flaxseed Oil Supplementation on Body Composition and Inflammation Indices in Overweight Adults With Pre-Diabetes.","authors":"Elham Shareghfarid,&nbsp;Azadeh Nadjarzadeh,&nbsp;Neda Heidarzadeh-Esfahani,&nbsp;Yasaman Azamian,&nbsp;Salimeh Hajiahmadi","doi":"10.1177/11786388221090083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221090083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Flaxseed has rich content of alpha linolenic acid for preventing pro inflammatory process. The aim of present study is exploring the effect of flaxseed oil supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers and body composition in overweight adults with pre-diabetes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>this double-blind randomized clinical trial conducted with 80 overweight pre-diabetic patients in 2 clusters (flaxseed oil group (2000-mg daily) and control group) across a 14-week period. Anthropometric indices, body composition and inflammatory indices were measured between 2 groups before and after the treatment.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>this study found a significant decrease in visceral fat level in the intervention group (<i>P</i> = .009) and control group (<i>P</i> = .004) at the end of the survey. However, the mean change of it (<i>P</i> = .06) was not significant. Also, this study showed that percentage of body fat (<i>P</i> = .31) and its mean change (<i>P</i> = .6) did not have significantly different between the 2 groups at the 14th week. The skeletal muscle% had a significant rise in the intervention group (<i>P</i> = .005) and control group (<i>P</i> = .003) by the end of 14th week. However, the mean change of it (<i>P</i> = .19) was not significant between the 2 groups. In addition, there was no significant change in the fasting blood glucose (<i>P</i> = . 7), C reactive protein (<i>P</i> = .12) and TNF-α (<i>P</i> = .22) between the 2 groups at the end of study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It showed that flaxseed oil supplementation cannot improve body composition and inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11786388221090083"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ce/d5/10.1177_11786388221090083.PMC9253991.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40479190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet of Pregnant Women in Central South Africa: The NuEMI Study.","authors":"Hermina Catharina Spies,&nbsp;Mariette Nel,&nbsp;Corinna May Walsh","doi":"10.1177/11786388221107801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221107801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Mediterranean diet (MeD) has been shown to have significant health benefits for adults and children. A mother's diet during pregnancy directly impacts the health of her offspring. This study aimed to investigate the adherence to the MeD of pregnant women attending antenatal care at a Regional Hospital in Bloemfontein, South Africa (SA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on a consecutive sample of 681 pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic of a Regional Hospital in Bloemfontein. Socio-demographics included: age, highest level of education, household income, employment status, and income stability. Food group intake was assessed with a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The adapted Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MeDAS) consisted of 13 of the original 14 questions that measured intake of key food groups (score of ⩽7 poor, 8-9 moderate, ⩾10 good) (wine intake was excluded for pregnant women).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 681 pregnant women with a median age of 31.8 years (IQR: 26.8-36.5 years) and a median gestational age of 32.0 weeks at the time of the interview participated in the study. The vast majority showed poor adherence to the MeD (99.6%), with only 0.4% (n = 3) having moderate adherence and 0% good adherence. The median adherence score was 5 points and the maximum 8 points. Of those with poor adherence, only 11.5% had tertiary education, 43.2% earned less than R 3000 (<201 USD) per month, 52.5% were unemployed, and 42.0% did not have a stable income in the past 6 months. Of the 3 participants with moderate adherence, all had grade 11 to 12 education, 2 out of the 3 earned more than R3000 (201 USD), one was unemployed, and 2 had a stable income over the past 6 months. Compared to those with an income ⩽ R3000 (⩽201 USD), those with an income above R3000 were significantly more likely to eat nuts (including peanuts) (2.0% vs 4.6%, <i>P</i> = .05), and adhere to sofrito (similar to tomato and onion relish) intake (9.2% vs 15.6%, <i>P</i> = .02). Compared to those who only had a primary education level up to grade 10 (n = 229), those who had a secondary education level or more (grade 11 and higher, n = 452) were significantly more likely to consume enough olive oil per day (1.3% vs 5.0%, <i>P</i> = .01), and to consume sofrito (6.6% vs 18.0%, <i>P</i> = .02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pregnant participants showed poor adherence to the MeD. Although almost all women fell in the poor adherence group, secondary education contributed to consuming recommended amounts of olive oil and sofrito and higher income was associated with an adequate intake of nuts and sofrito. Based on the findings, we recommend the development of a contextualized MeDAS tool that includes foods that are typically eaten by most South Africans for similar MeD benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11786388221107801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9234932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40405574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Psyllium husk fiber and lifestyle modification on human body insulin resistance.","authors":"Amjad Ali Bacha,&nbsp;Zia Ud Din,&nbsp;Imran Khan","doi":"10.1177/11786388221107797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221107797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insulin resistance is a metabolic disorder that is increasing worldwide and is associated with some of the most common diseases affecting modern societies including diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and coronary heart disease. Changes in diet and physical activity have a profound effect on lowering the risk and cost of managing insulin resistance compared to the pharmacological approach. An interventional study of 16 weeks explored the effect of Psyllium husk fiber in combination with lifestyle modification on insulin resistance among the centrally obese school teachers of district Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. One Hundred twenty school teachers with central obesity, aged 40-60 years, with no chronic disease history were divided into four subgroups (n = 30) with equal gender bifurcation; a control group, lifestyle modification (LSM) group, psyllium husk fiber (PSH) group, and the combined intervention of LSM & PSH group. Fasting serum was collected to analyze fasting blood glucose, and insulin resistance by using the HOMA-IR method at baseline and post-intervention. A significant effect of the intervention was observed on fasting blood glucose. The combined group of LSM&PSH showed the highest mean change of -7.5 ± 2.6 mg/dl (-9%), followed by the PSH group with a mean change of -6.3 ± 2.1 mg/dl, (-7%). Likewise a significant effect (<i>P</i> < 0.05) on HOMA-IR was observed in the combined group of LSM&PSH with a mean of 1.02 ± 0.14 molar units (-58%), followed by the PSH group with a mean of 1.55 ± 0.14 molar units (-33%). The current study was carried out to assess the effect of regular consumption of Psyllium husk fiber in combination with lifestyle modification on insulin resistance and fasting blood glucose.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11786388221107797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1c/82/10.1177_11786388221107797.PMC9234916.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40405575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Uptake of A Probiotic Nutritional Supplement (AB001) Inhibits Absorption of Ethylalcohol in the Intestine Tract - Results from a Randomized Double-blind Crossover Study.","authors":"Andreas Pfützner,&nbsp;Mina Hanna,&nbsp;Yuriko Andor,&nbsp;Daniela Sachsenheimer,&nbsp;Filiz Demircik,&nbsp;Tobias Wittig,&nbsp;Johan de Faire","doi":"10.1177/11786388221108919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221108919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Regular alcohol consumption, e.g. by social drinking, is a potential source of consecutive health problems in many countries worldwide. A probiotic nutritional supplement (AB001) has been developed to reduce alcohol absorption from the intestine tract and to mitigate potential health care risks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized placebo-controlled double-blind crossover study was conducted with 24 healthy subjects (13 male, 11 female, age: 25.4 ± 7.7 years, BMI: 23.6 ± 2.5 kg/m²). The subjects were randomized to take 2 capsules/day of AB001 or placebo for 1 week prior to an alcohol exposure experiment. On the experimental day, they ingested a light breakfast and drank a moderate glass of spirit (0.3 g/kg body weight). Breath alcohol tests and blood draws for determination of blood alcohol levels were performed for up to 6 hours. After crossover, the experiment was repeated in the following week. Areas under the curves were calculated to determine alcohol absorption rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant reduction of blood alcohol levels by 70.3% (<i>P</i> < 0.005 vs. placebo) was seen with AB001, (breath test: -30.7%; <i>P</i> < 0.005 vs. placebo). No difference was seen in a cognitive function test performed 60 minutes after alcohol ingestion (22.4 ± 7.7 seconds vs. 22.7 ± 5.6 seconds, n.s.). There were no adverse events or serious adverse events reported in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>One week of supplementation with AB001 resulted in a substantially reduced absorption of alcohol into the body. Regular uptake of AB001 may help to prevent liver and other organ damage, and may reduce the negative medical and economical impact of social drinking on the individual and the society.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11786388221108919"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/85/f0/10.1177_11786388221108919.PMC9234833.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40405572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia and Associated Factors Among Lactating Women in Sierra Leone: An Analysis of the Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey 2019.","authors":"Ivan Kato Arinda,&nbsp;Quraish Sserwanja,&nbsp;Kassim Kamara,&nbsp;David Mukunya,&nbsp;Napyo Agnes,&nbsp;Nsubuga Edirisa Juniour,&nbsp;Nuwahereza Christinah,&nbsp;Anitah Kagali,&nbsp;Seungwon Lee","doi":"10.1177/11786388221105732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388221105732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anemia is a condition in which hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and/or red blood cell (RBC) numbers are lower than normal and insufficient to meet an individual's physiological needs. The prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age is high in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including Sierra Leone. However, data on anemia among lactating women in Sierra Leone are scarce. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of anemia and determine its associated factors among lactating women in Sierra Leone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey (SLDH) data were used of which 1543 lactating women aged 15 to 49 years old had hemoglobin measurements. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select study participants and data were collected using validated questionnaires. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with anemia among lactating women in Sierra Leone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The general prevalence of anemia among lactating women in Sierra Leone was 52.9% (95% CI = 50.9-55.8). Almost a quarter, 23.8% (95% CI = 22.1-26.3) of the lactating women had mild anemia, 27.4% (95% CI = 25.3-29.7) had moderate anemia and 1.7% (95% CI = 1.1-2.5) had severe anemia. The use of modern contraceptives (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.09-2.47), not being visited by a field worker in the past year (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.12-2.03) and being Muslim (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.11-1.91), were associated with higher odds of being anemic. Being given and having bought iron supplements during pregnancy (aOR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.25-0.87) was associated with less odds of being anemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than half of the lactating mothers in our study were anemic. The risk factors for anemia in our study included: use of modern contraceptives, not being visited by a field worker in the past year and being Muslim. Receiving iron supplements during pregnancy was protective against anemia. According to the results from this study, the recommendation for lactating women was to maintain routine interface with the healthcare system which includes being visited by a field worker who should prescribe and issue iron supplements to them. Lactating women especially Muslims should receive routine nutrition education by the health workers at the health facilities during antenatal care visits or postnatal care in regard to anemia and means of prevention and treatment. Community stakeholders should also work in collaboration to establish scalable methods to correctly identify pregnant women with risk factors, inform them about anemia with caution, and apply appropriate measures as trained or instructed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11786388221105732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/bb/10.1177_11786388221105732.PMC9208047.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40224937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}