Nutrition and Metabolic Insights最新文献

{"title":"Factors Associated with Over-Nutrition Among Men 15-54 years in Uganda: A National Survey.","authors":"Ivan Kato Arinda,&nbsp;Quraish Sserwanja,&nbsp;Sylvia Nansubuga,&nbsp;David Mukunya,&nbsp;Phiona Akampereza","doi":"10.1177/11786388211016833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211016833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally and in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the prevalence of overweight and obesity are on the rise. Data on overweight and obesity among men are scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with over-nutrition among men in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) 2016 data of 5,408 men aged 15 to 45 years. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select study participants and data were collected using validated questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with over-nutrition among 15 to 54-year-old men in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of over nutrition was 9.1%, where that of overweight was 7.9% (95% CI 7.2-8.7 and obesity was1.2% (95% CI 0.9-1.5). Men who were aged 25 to 34 (AOR = 3.28; 95% CI: 1.92-5.59), 35-44 (AOR = 4.51; 95% CI: 2.61-7.82) and 45 to 54 (AOR = 4.28; 95% CI: 2.37-7.74) were more likely to have over-nutrition compared to those aged 15 to 24 years. Married men (AOR=2.44; 95% CI: 1.49-3.99) were 2 times more likely to have over-nutrition than men who were not married. Men in the central region (AOR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.22-2.60) were 1.78 times more likely to have over-nutrition than men in the northern region. Men who were in the richest wealth index quintiles were 10 times more likely to have over-nutrition compared to those in the poorest wealth index quintile (AOR = 9.38: 95 % CI 5.14-17.10).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The factors associated with over-nutrition among Ugandan men in our study were increasing age, marital status, increasing wealth and region of origin. This shows the need for measures to abate the regional development inequalities, need to promote physical activity among older men and need to improve on the knowledge of nutrition and dietetic practices for married couples and men of different social classes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211016833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211016833","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38936852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dyslipidemia Among Psychiatric Patients on Antipsychotic Treatment at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.","authors":"Agete Tadewos Hirigo,&nbsp;Tesfaye Teshome,&nbsp;Wondwossen Abera Gitore,&nbsp;Endale Worku","doi":"10.1177/11786388211016842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211016842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dyslipidemia is one of the adverse metabolic outcomes associated with psychotropic medications and the nature of the mental illness itself. Therefore, this study aimed to assess magnitude of dyslipidemia and associated factors among patients with severe mental illness on antipsychotic treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 245 patients with severe mental illness in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Sidama Regional state, Southern Ethiopia. Socio-demographic and other important data were collected using a structured questionnaire through a systematic random sampling technique. Individual dyslipidemia was characterized by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel-III (NCEP ATP-III) guideline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean total cholesterol (TC) was significantly higher in males when compared to females (162.2 mg/dl vs 121 mg/dl, <i>P</i> = .023). While, mean LDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in females when compared to males (100.9 mg/dl vs 93.6 mg/dl, <i>P</i> = .028). Overall 58.4% (95% CI: 52.2-64.8) of participants had at least 1 dyslipidemia. The prevalence of TC ⩾200 mg/dl, HDL-cholesterol <40 mg/dl, triglyceride (TG) and LDL-cholesterol were 61 (24.9%), 75 (30.6%), 66 (26.9%), and 47 (19.2%), respectively. Female sex and smoking were significantly and positively associated with LDL-c dyslipidemia, the aOR (95% CI) were 2.1 (1.0-4.2) for female sex and 3.4 (1.1-10.5) for smoking. Also, Age >40 years was significantly associated with TC dyslipidemia, the aOR (95% CI) was 2.0 (1.1-3.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than half of psychiatric patients are at risk of developing cardiovascular and other related health problems. Therefore, periodic screening of lipid profiles during healthcare follow-up is mandatory to limit risks of cardiovascular-related comorbidities among patients with severe mental illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211016842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211016842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38936853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesogenic Diets Cause Alterations on Proteins and Theirs Post-Translational Modifications in Mouse Brains.","authors":"Valentina Siino,&nbsp;Pia Jensen,&nbsp;Peter James,&nbsp;Sonya Vasto,&nbsp;Antonella Amato,&nbsp;Flavia Mulè,&nbsp;Giulia Accardi,&nbsp;Martin Røssel Larsen","doi":"10.1177/11786388211012405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211012405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity constitutes a major global health threat and is associated with a variety of diseases ranging from metabolic and cardiovascular disease, cancer to neurodegeneration. The hallmarks of neurodegeneration include oxidative stress, proteasome impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction and accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates as well as metabolic alterations. As an example, in post-mortem brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), several studies have reported reduction of insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin receptor and an increase in tau protein and glycogen-synthase kinase-3β compared to healthy controls suggesting an impairment of metabolism in the AD patient's brain. Given these lines of evidence, in the present study we investigated brains of mice treated with 2 obesogenic diets, high-fat diet (HFD) and high-glycaemic diet (HGD), compared to mice fed with a standard diet (SD) employing a quantitative mass spectrometry-based approach. Moreover, post-translational modified proteins (phosphorylated and N-linked glycosylated) were studied. The aim of the study was to identify proteins present in the brain that are changing their expression based on the diet given to the mice. We believed that some of these changes would highlight pathways and molecular mechanisms that could link obesity to brain impairment. The results showed in this study suggest that, together with cytoskeletal proteins, mitochondria and metabolic proteins are changing their post-translational status in brains of obese mice. Specifically, proteins involved in metabolic pathways and in mitochondrial functions are mainly downregulated in mice fed with obesogenic diets compared to SD. These changes suggest a reduced metabolism and a lower activity of mitochondria in obese mice. Some of these proteins, such as PGM1 and MCT1 have been shown to be involved in brain impairment as well. These results might shed light on the well-studied correlation between obesity and brain damage. The results presented here are in agreement with previous findings and aim to open new perspectives on the connection between diet-induced obesity and brain impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211012405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211012405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39003594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undernutrition among Institutionalized School-age Orphans in Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Fozi Mohammed,&nbsp;Ibsa Musa,&nbsp;Sagni Girma Fage,&nbsp;Abera Kenay Tura,&nbsp;Fitsum Weldegebreal","doi":"10.1177/11786388211006445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211006445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although orphans are at increased risk of undernutrition, studies assessing prevalence of undernutrition are limited to orphans residing with their relatives or on street. This study was conducted to assess magnitude of undernutrition and its associated factors among institutionalized school-age orphans in Harari Regional State, eastern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among all school-age (6-12 years) orphans living in all orphan centers in Harari Regional State, eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected by using a structured pretested questionnaire supplemented with anthropometric measurements. Data were entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS 22. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with undernutrition. Statistical significance was declared at <i>P</i>-value <.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 265 orphans residing in all orphan centers in the region were included. The prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight were 15.8% (95% CI: 11.9, 20.7), 10.9% (95% CI: 7.7, 15.3), and 8.7% (95% CI: 4.3, 10.5), respectively. Staying in orphan center for 6 to 10 years (AOR = 6.2; 95% CI: 2.6, 15.10), having recent illness (AOR = 3.9; 95% CI: 1.4, 10.4), and being aged 10 to 12 years (AOR = 11.2; 95% CI: 3.5, 35.4) were significantly associated with stunting whereas having recent illness (AOR = 4.3; 95% CI: 1.4, 7.3) and being aged 6 to 7 years (AOR: 10.4; 95% CI: 3.2, 33.6) were significantly associated with wasting. Underweight was more likely (AOR: 8.9; 95% CI: 2.7, 29.5<b>)</b> among children with recent illness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Almost 1 in 6, 1 in 9, and 1 in 11 institutionalized school-age orphans in Harari Regional State were stunted, wasted, and underweight respectively. Younger children and those with recent illness were more likely to be undernourished. Underlying reasons for undernutrition among orphans being cared in orphan centers should be further explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211006445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211006445","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25589488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Food Group Intake and Physical Frailty in Irish Community-Dwelling Older Adults.","authors":"Maeve Lorraine O'Connell,&nbsp;Tara Coppinger,&nbsp;Seán Lacey,&nbsp;Janette Walton,&nbsp;Tijana Arsenic,&nbsp;Aoife Louise McCarthy","doi":"10.1177/11786388211006447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388211006447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Certain nutrients have shown protective effects against frailty, but less is known about the influence of individual food groups. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the intake of different food groups and physical frailty in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults in Cork, Ireland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and forty-two (n = 81 females, n = 61 males, age 74.1 ± 6.80 years) Irish community-dwelling volunteers aged ⩾65 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Frailty was identified as having 3 or more of the following criteria: weight loss, exhaustion, weakness, slow walking speed and low physical activity. Relationships between intakes of food groups and frailty score were determined using Spearman's rank (and partial rank) correlations and ordinal logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Negative Spearman's rank correlations were observed between frailty score and fish and fish products, fruit and vegetables and nuts and seeds, while positive correlations were found between frailty score and potatoes, fats and oils and sugars, preserves and snacks (<i>P</i> < .05). After adjustment for confounders, partial rank correlations remained statistically significant (<i>P</i> < .05) for all of the above dietary variables, with the exception of nuts and seeds (<i>P</i> > .05). Following ordinal logistic regression, the odds ratios (ORs) (95%CI) for frailty incidence for those in the lowest tertile of food group intake compared to the highest were; 3.04 (1.09-8.85) for fish and fish products, 4.34 (1.54-13.13) for fruit and vegetables, 1.52 (0.58-4.15) for nuts and seeds, 0.54 (0.19-1.51) for potatoes, 0.58 (0.17-1.95) for fats and oils and 0.49 (0.16-1.47) for sugars, preserves and snacks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that intakes of selected food groups are independently associated with frailty. These findings may hold significant relevance for the development of future frailty prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"11786388211006447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/11786388211006447","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25589489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Diabetic Ageing Patients in Nursing Homes: One Center Experience in Turkey.","authors":"Mehmet Akif Ozturk,&nbsp;Arzu Gunturk,&nbsp;Yasar Kucukardali","doi":"10.1177/1178638821990345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1178638821990345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Due to its widespread distribution and effects, type 2 diabetes is a frequently researched topic. However, the amount of information about type 2 diabetes in nursing homes residents is inadequate. The aim of this study is to elucidate on the frequency, treatments, comorbidities, and deaths of nursing home residents diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Type 2 diabetes was evaluated in 612 people accepted to nursing homes as residents between January 2005 and January 2013. Medical records, prescriptions, laboratory results, and comorbidities were evaluated statistically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 26% (159) patients of the cohort had either preexisting type 2 diabetes during registration to nursing home or was diagnosed with it during the 8-year follow-up. The prevalence of DM was 25% in males and 26% in females. Average age was 75.7 ± 10.6 in diabetics and 76.7 ± 11.6 in non-diabetics. Hemoglobin, creatinine, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and CRP values were not found to be different between the groups. Hypertension was diagnosed in 75% of diabetics versus 59% of non-diabetics, hyperlipidemia in 21% versus 7% (<i>P</i> < .01); however, atrial fibrillation was more common in non-diabetics (<i>P</i> = .022). There was no difference for survival rate between diabetic and non-diabetic groups (<i>P</i> = .743).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Approximately 1 out of 4 nursing home residents were found to have diabetes, with females being more affected then males. The survival rates both at the diabetic and non-diabetic patients were detected similar. Glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and blood pressure values which can all impact survival should be closely watched from early on in the disease progress and their values should be optimized.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"14 ","pages":"1178638821990345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1178638821990345","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25377933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Fat Quality in Normolipidic Diets Affects Hepatocyte's Nuclear Phenotypes.","authors":"Isabella Barbutti,&nbsp;Jesse C Laurentino,&nbsp;Natalia Va da Silva,&nbsp;Vinicius S Deoclécio,&nbsp;Danilo Ferrucci,&nbsp;Hernandes F Carvalho","doi":"10.1177/1178638820982003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1178638820982003","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary fat quality affects overall systemic parameters and produce hepatic accumulation of fat and inflammation (steatohepatitis). In this communication we have assessed how mouse liver nuclear phenotypes are influenced by diets containing 7% lipid prepared with lard, linseed oil or soybean oil for 32 weeks. Liver specimens were imprinted on glass slides, fixed and stained with DAPI. 3D confocal images were obtained and employed for the calculation of nuclear thickness, nuclear volume and DAPI-DNA intensity. Hepatocytes’ nuclei could be classified as diploid A, diploid B, tetraploid and higher ploidy levels. Linseed oil in the diet resulted in increased frequency of diploid A (more compact) and less polyploidy, while lard caused increased volume and more polyploidy. Soybean oil produced intermediate nuclear sizes. The results suggest a high demand on liver physiology promoted by lard, which has a predominance of saturated fatty acids, while linseed oil promoted the opposite effect.","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"13 ","pages":"1178638820982003"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1178638820982003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38793930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions between gut microbiota and skeletal muscle.","authors":"Florence Gizard,&nbsp;Anne Fernandez,&nbsp;Filipe De Vadder","doi":"10.1177/1178638820980490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1178638820980490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiota is now recognized as a major contributor to the host's nutrition, metabolism, immunity, and neurological functions. Imbalanced microbiota (ie, dysbiosis) is linked to undernutrition-induced stunting, inflammatory and metabolic diseases, and cancers. Skeletal muscle also takes part in the interorgan crosstalk regulating substrate metabolism, immunity, and health. Here, we review the reciprocal influence of gut microbiota and skeletal muscle in relation to juvenile growth, performance, aging, and chronic diseases. Several routes involving the vascular system and organs such as the liver and adipose tissue connect the gut microbiota and skeletal muscle, with effects on fitness and health. Therapeutic perspectives arise from the health benefits observed with changes in gut microbiota and muscle activity, further encouraging multimodal therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"13 ","pages":"1178638820980490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1178638820980490","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38785222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous Ketones as Therapeutic Signaling Molecules in High-Stress Occupations: Implications for Mitigating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Future Research.","authors":"Hunter S Waldman, Matthew J McAllister","doi":"10.1177/1178638820979029","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1178638820979029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-stress occupations (ie, firefighters, military personnel, police officers, etc.) are often plagued by cardiometabolic diseases induced by exposure to chronic stressors. Interrupted sleep cycles, poor dietary patterns, lack of physical activity, and smoke exposure along with simultaneous psychological stressors promote chronic low-grade inflammation and excessive oxidative stress. Collectively, these data suggest that practical interventions which might mitigate the underlying pathologies of these cardiometabolic diseases are warranted. Ketones, specifically <i>R</i>-βHB, modulates intracellular signaling cascades such as the cellular redox ratios of NAD⁺/NADH, the activity of NAD dependent deacetylases SIRT1 and SIRT3, and promotes a robust mitochondrial environment which favors reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation. To date, the literature examining <i>R</i>-βHB as a signaling metabolite has mostly been performed from endogenous <i>R</i>-βHB production achieved through nutritional ketosis or cell culture and mouse models using exogenous <i>R</i>-βHB. To the authors knowledge, only 1 study has attempted to report on the effects of exogenous ketones and the mitigation of oxidative stress/inflammation. Therefore, the scope of this review is to detail the mechanisms of <i>R</i>-βHB as a signaling metabolite and the role that exogenous ketones might play in mitigating diseases in individuals serving in high-stress occupations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"13 ","pages":"1178638820979029"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/96/d1/10.1177_1178638820979029.PMC7734540.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38743898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidative and Metabolic Effects of <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>, Inulin, and Their Synbiotic on the Hypothalamus and Serum of Healthy Rats.","authors":"Elaheh-Sadat Hosseinifard, Khadijeh Bavafa-Valenlia, Maryam Saghafi-Asl, Mohammad Morshedi","doi":"10.1177/1178638820925092","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1178638820925092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nowadays, much attention has been paid to the link between gut microbiota and brain. The beneficial metabolic effects of probiotics and prebiotics in several diseases such as diabetes and obesity have been reported. However, studies bridging the association of gut microbiome with brain function in healthy states are rare. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the administration of <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (<i>L plantarum</i>) and inulin may affect serum and hypothalamic metabolic parameters as well as oxidative markers in healthy male rats. Daily <i>L plantarum</i> (10⁷ CFU/mL) and inulin (5% of daily food weight) or their combination (synbiotic) was given to healthy rats. Then, serum and hypothalamic levels of leptin, insulin, and oxidative markers were measured. Administration of synbiotic for 8 weeks led to significant changes in serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio, triglyceride, and total cholesterol. The intake of synbiotic also resulted in a significantly reduced hypothalamic level of malondialdehyde and increased hypothalamic superoxide dismutase (SOD). Also, <i>L plantarum</i> could significantly increase hypothalamic SOD level. Furthermore, synbiotic administration insignificantly increased the hypothalamic and serum levels of insulin and leptin. These findings suggest that the synbiotic could significantly improve oxidative markers and lipid profile in healthy rats. Therefore, simultaneous intake of <i>L plantarum</i> and inulin appears to be more effective in the amelioration of metabolic and oxidative parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"13 ","pages":"1178638820925092"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/80/28/10.1177_1178638820925092.PMC7592325.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38590232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}