Nutrition and Metabolic Insights最新文献

{"title":"Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Quanri Liu, Rui Zhang, Yujiao Chen, Yanhui Lu, Fangqiang Cui, Qiang Zhang, Chunmei Zhang","doi":"10.1177/11786388241283779","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241283779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates the association between dietary flavonoid intake and the incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) through a matched case-control design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, comparing the intake of flavonoids between individuals with MCI and those with normal cognitive function. Logistic regression analysis was employed to evaluate the correlation between dietary flavonoid intake and the risk of MCI. Additionally, blood concentrations of S100β, a marker of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between dietary flavonoid intake and blood S100β levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to participants with normal cognition, those with MCI had significantly lower dietary intakes of total flavonoids, isoflavones, daidzein, glycitein, genistein, kaempferol, myricetin, flavonols, and anthocyanidins, while the intake of peonidin was significantly higher. Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that high dietary intake of total flavonoids, isoflavones, daidzein, glycitein, genistein, kaempferol, myricetin, and flavonols was negatively correlated with MCI, whereas peonidin intake was positively correlated with MCI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed these findings. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between dietary intake of kaempferol and myricetin and blood S100β levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing the dietary intake of total flavonoids, isoflavones, daidzein, glycitein, genistein, and flavonols appears to be a protective factor against MCI, while higher intake of peonidin is associated with an increased risk of MCI. The protective or adverse effects of these flavonoids may not be related to the permeability of the BBB. Myricetin and kaempferol intake may protect cognitive function by maintaining BBB integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets on Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous Activities: An Experimental Study Using Heart Rate Variability.","authors":"Toru Satoh, Hidetoshi Kobayashi","doi":"10.1177/11786388241285544","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241285544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is affected by several factors, including major nutrients. However, their effects on the ANS remains unclear. Most studies had several limitations. They focused on humans, therefore they had difficulties excluding factors other than the nutrients. Their observation periods were too short (<4 hours) to align with typical absorption times of carbohydrates versus fats. They assessed the effects compared with the pre-prandial state rather than comparisons between different nutrient types.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to investigate the effects of carbohydrates and fats on the ANS.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We employed a rat model to exclude the effects of external stimuli, used sufficient observation period, and compared the ANS parameters among animals fed 3 different diets. The rats were divided into carbohydrate-rich-diet (carb group) and fat-rich-diet (fat group) groups. We investigated the effects of carbohydrates and fats on the ANS by measuring heart rate variability parameters in rats. Electrodes and electrocardiography (ECG) transmitters were implanted in 14 Wistar rats maintained on a standard diet for 2 days followed by the experimental diets for 2 days. ECG readings were continuously recorded for 4 days. The R waves, function of the R-R interval, and time were calculated. A fast Fourier transform was used to obtain the power spectrum of the fluctuation (low frequency [LF: 0.2-0.75 Hz]; high frequency [HF: 0.75-3.0 Hz]; LF/HF ratio).</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Compared with the standard-diet group, the carb group showed significantly increased HF activity, while the fat group showed a significantly increased LF/HF ratio.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results reveal a link between macronutrients and ANS activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11490955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperuricemia and Associated Factors in Adult Cardiac Patients in Western Oromia, Ethiopia.","authors":"Bedasa Addisu, Asnakew Tesfahun Sefew, Abiyu Milkit, Amanuel Hika, Amanuel Kelem, Agete Tadewos Hirigo","doi":"10.1177/11786388241288668","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241288668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals who have hyperuricemia are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases due to factors such as endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and increased production of oxygen-free radicals. However, data on the prevalence and predictors of hyperuricemia among adults with cardiac diseases in Ethiopia are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 269 participants at the Ambo University referral hospital from June to September, 2022. Participant demographics and relevant data were obtained through convenient sampling. Hyperuricemia was defined according to the manufacturer's cutoff criteria. Data entry and analysis were conducted using SPSS 25. The association between the outcome and explanatory variables was assessed using a binary logistic regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the study participants, 56.9% were male. The mean age of participants was 51.1 years (±15.8). The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 43.1% (95% CI: 37.1-49.1). Males presented a significantly higher prevalence of hyperuricemia compared to females (23.4% vs 19.7%, <i>P</i> = .026). Males had 2.9 times higher odds of hyperuricemia compared to females. Significant associations with the prevalence of hyperuricemia were found for individuals with a BMI ⩾30 kg/m², age ⩾54 years, and male gender, with adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of 2.3 (1.7-5.2), 2.9 (2.2-5.9), and 3.56 (2.1-12.8), respectively. Additionally, smoking, dyslipidemia, and waist circumference were also significantly associated with the prevalence of hyperuricemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nearly half of the cardiac patients in the study were diagnosed with hyperuricemia. These findings underscores the importance of early identification and treatment of hyperuricemia, alongside lifestyle and behavioral modifications, to maintain the quality of life in this specific population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Effects of Vitamins and Nutritional Supplements on Sinusitis: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Mohadeseh Poudineh, Farhad Nikzad, Sadaf Parvin, Mohammad Ghaheri, Shahin Sabbaghi, Erfan Kazemi, Mohammad Mahdi Ghodrati, Fatemeh Mohammadyari, Sara Saeedpour, Shekoufeh Mohammadpour, Narjes Sadat Farizani Gohari, Farbod Heydarasadi, Dorsa Abolhasani, Sepehr Olangian-Tehrani, Armin Alinezhad","doi":"10.1177/11786388241263680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388241263680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sinusitis, one of the most prevalent and undertreated disorders, is a term used to describe inflammation of the paranasal sinuses caused by either infectious or non-infectious sources. Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can all cause sinusitis. Sinusitis is classified into 3 types: acute, subacute, and chronic. Acute sinusitis lasts for less than 1 month, subacute sinusitis lasts from 1 to 3 months, and chronic sinusitis persists for over 3 months. This condition affects a significant portion of the population, imposing a substantial burden on the healthcare system. Antibiotics are the gold standard of bacterial sinusitis treatment. However, due to the rise of antimicrobial resistance, especially in immune-compromised patients, it is necessary to investigate potential adjunctive therapies. Based on the literature, vitamins (eg, vitamin D) have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory properties and may effectively treat sinusitis and reduce mucous membrane inflammation. Besides vitamins, many other supplements like quercetin, sinupret, and echinacea have immunomodulatory effects and have shown promising results in sinusitis treatment. In this review, we look at the therapeutic role, safety, and efficacy of vitamins and nutritional supplements in sinusitis treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11480934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Beneficial Effects of Crab-Flavored Seafood Intake in Young Rats.","authors":"Kazunari Kadokura, Tsuyoshi Tomita, Kohei Suruga","doi":"10.1177/11786388241263717","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241263717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Crab-flavored seafood is a well-known traditional Japanese product that is sold as \"imitation crab\" worldwide. Although it is a low-cost, low-fat, high-protein food, there are few data on its potential health benefits. Here, we have assessed the effects of crab-flavored seafood consumption on organ weight and serum biomarkers levels in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sprague-Dawley rats (male; aged 6 weeks) were fed a normal diet (n = 8) or a normal diet with 5% dried crab-flavored seafood (n = 8) for 84 days. Food intake and overall body weight were measured every week; organ weight and blood biochemistry were evaluated at the end of the administration period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 84 days, there were no significant differences in food intake, overall body weight, or organ weight between the 2 groups; however, the muscle weight of rats fed crab-flavored seafood tended to be higher than that of rats fed the normal diet. Several serum biomarkers did not differ between the 2 groups, but serum high-density lipoprotein, total bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin levels were significantly raised in rats fed crab-flavored seafood. Moreover, blood urea nitrogen was significantly lower, and some liver function parameters tended to be lower in rats fed crab-flavored seafood.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consumption of crab-flavored seafood may be effective for promoting muscle protein synthesis and improving serum biomarkers associated with disorders such as cardiovascular disease and stroke. Thus, crab-flavored seafood may have application as a functional food for the global management of human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Alteration in Adipose Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 Deficient Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.","authors":"Lin Yan, Bret M Rust, Sneha Sundaram, Forrest H Nielsen","doi":"10.1177/11786388241280859","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241280859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), a small inducible cytokine, is involved in obesity-related chronic disorders. Adipocytes produce MCP-1 that is elevated in obese humans and in rodent models of obesity. This study examined the hepatic metabolomic alterations caused by adipose-specific MCP-1 deficiency in a rodent model of obesity. Wide-type (WT) and adipose-specific <i>Mcp-1</i> knockdown mice (<i>Mcp-1</i> ^-/-) were each assigned randomly to 2 groups and fed the standard AIN93G diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Compared to the AIN93G diet, the HFD increased body weight, body fat mass, and plasma concentrations of insulin and leptin, regardless of genotype. There were no differences in these variables between WT and <i>Mcp-1</i> ^-/- mice when they were fed the same diet. Eighty-seven of 172 identified metabolites met the criteria for metabolomic comparisons among the 4 groups. Thirty-nine metabolites differed significantly between the 2 dietary treatments and 15 differed when <i>Mcp-1</i> ^-/- mice were compared to WT mice. The metabolites that significantly differed in both comparisons included those involved in amino acid, energy, lipid, nucleotide, and vitamin metabolism. Network analysis found that both HFD and adipose <i>Mcp-1</i> knockdown may considerably impact amino acid metabolism as evidenced by alteration in the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathways, in addition to alteration in the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathway in <i>Mcp-1</i> ^-/- mice. However, decreased signals of amino acid metabolites in mice fed the HFD and increased signals of amino acid metabolites in <i>Mcp-1</i> ^-/- mice indicate that HFD may have down-regulated and adipose <i>Mcp-1</i> knockdown may have up-regulated amino acid metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Profiling and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, Analgesic, and Antidiarrheal Activities from the Seeds of Commonly Available Red Grape (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.).","authors":"Md Jamal Hossain, Khadija Rahman Lema, Md Abdus Samadd, Rumi Aktar, Mohammad A Rashid, Muhammad Abdullah Al-Mansur","doi":"10.1177/11786388241275100","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241275100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study aimed to conduct a phytochemical screening of commonly known fruit red grape (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.) seed methanolic extract through gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the bioactive compounds responsible for its health benefits and evaluate the pharmacological potentialities of the extract and its fractions against oxidation, inflammation, pain, and diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The <i>in vitro</i> antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic characteristics of methanolic extracts and various solvent fractions of <i>V. vinifera</i> were evaluated using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, membrane stabilizing, and brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Furthermore, the study assessed the effects of crude extracts (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of body weight) on pain relief and reduction of diarrhea in animals using methods such as tail immersion, the acetic acid-induced writhing technique, and a diarrheal mouse model induced with castor oil.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 73 phytoconstituents were predominantly found in the seed extract based on the GC-MS analysis. Among the identified compounds, 9-octadecenamide (13.7%), and (<i>9E,11E</i>)-octadeca-9,11-dienoate (11.07%) are most abundant. Several notable constituents, such as gamma-sitosterol, stigmasterol, paromomycin, 4,6-cholestadienol, gamma-tocotrienol, 24-Propylidenecholest-5-en-3beta-ol, and alpha-tocopherol acetate, are also present. The methanolic extract of <i>V. vinifera</i> seed and its different solvent fractions showed promising antioxidant properties (IC₅₀ = 1.19-17.42 µg/mL) compared to the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (IC₅₀ = 20.46 µg/mL). Aqueous soluble fraction exerted inhibition of nearly 50% heat-induced hemolysis compared to the standard acetylsalicylic acid (42%). Besides, all the tested doses (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg bw) of the crude extract showed significant (<i>P</i> < .05) analgesic and antidiarrheal effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current findings endorsed the health benefits of <i>V. vinifera</i> by revealing potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal effects. Nevertheless, further in-depth analysis of the plant's chemical constituents and pharmacological effects on health is warranted for novel drug discovery from <i>V. vinifera</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary and Lifestyle Insulinemic Potential Indices and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome Among Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ali Hojati, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi","doi":"10.1177/11786388241273670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388241273670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a worldwide pandemic, metabolic syndrome (MetS) is related with high disease burden. The emergence of multiple chronic diseases can be attributed to unfavorable dietary and lifestyle choices made by individuals, with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance as the underlying causes. Current study sought to assess the relationship between the Empirical Dietary Index for Hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and the Empirical Lifestyle Index for Hyperinsulinemia (ELIH) and MetS risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 339 individuals between the ages of 20 and 50, who were either obese or overweight, and were recruited from Tabriz, Iran. In this study, a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with 168 questions was used to assess individuals' food consumption. Blood tests were performed to assess total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG) levels, as well as blood glucose and insulin levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After multivariable adjustment, among tertiles of EDIH, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and TG were significantly different. Also, SBP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and HDL-C significantly differed across tertiles of ELIH. In multivariate-adjusted models, individuals classified in the highest tertile of EDIH demonstrated elevated ORs in relation to FBG levels [OR: 1.035 (1.004-1.068; <i>P</i> < .05)], and the second tertile of ELIH was inversely associated with SBP [OR: 0.966 (0.935-0.999; <i>P</i> < .05)], DBP [OR: 0.972 (0.948-0.997; <i>P</i> < .05)], TG in the model I [OR: 0.991 (0.983-0.999; <i>P</i> < .05)], and model II [OR: 0.991 (0.983-0.999; <i>P</i> < .05)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering the findings of our study, higher insulinemic dietary potential, indicated by EDIH, can be related to higher odds of FBG and decreased odds of TG as risk factors of MetS. Furthermore, our findings suggest that individuals with a higher ELIH may potentially exhibit lower SBP and DBP levels. Nevertheless, further experimental and long-term investigations are necessary to fully comprehend this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11406494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Hemoglobin Among Pregnant Women at Agro-Pastoralist Communities in South Omo Zone, Ethiopia: Community Based Cross-Sectional Study, Nutrition Experience from Movable Community.","authors":"Tsegaye Alemu, Zerish Zethu Nkosi, Tigist Yakob","doi":"10.1177/11786388241263676","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241263676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low hemoglobin level is the most common public health problem during pregnancy in developing countries including Ethiopia, which is affecting both mother and fetus. However, the determinants of anemia among pregnant women are not well studied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the determinates of hemoglobin among pregnant women in rural agro-pastoralist communities in the South Omo zone, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Community-based cross-sectional study was done in rural agro-pastoralist communities. A multistage stratified sampling technique was used to select 526 pregnant women. Data were collected by using structured questionnaires. Hemoglobin level was measured by using HemoCue ^® Hb301. Data were analyzed by using a statistical package for the social science version 26. Descriptive (Mean, standard deviation, frequency, range), bivariate and multivariate analysis was carried out to check the association between lower hemoglobin levels and independent variables. The output is presented in tables and figures.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The mean (±SD) of hemoglobin concentration was 11.8 ± 1.7. The overall prevalence of anemia was 39.9% [95% CI: 35.5, 44.4], 19.4% (95% CI: 16.0, 23.2) was mild, 19.6% (95% CI: 16.27, 2.5) was moderate and 0.9% (95% CI: 0.25, 2.25) was severe anemia. Not taking IFA (AOR = 5.7(3.3, 9.8)), severe under nutrition (AOR = 8.9(2.1, 37.3)), no fish food (AOR = 2.4(1.3, 4.5)), drinking coffee (AOR = 1.6(1.0, 2.6)), moderate food insecurity (AOR = 2.5(1.4, 4.6)), and no malaria infection (AOR = 0.6(0.4, 0.9)) were statistically significant with anemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The anaemia is a public health problem in this study area. Therefore, nutrition education and counselling to enhance iron supplementation, dietary diversity and a flesh diets are very essential to enhance haemoglobin levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11287732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major Dietary Patterns, Exercise Addiction, and Eating Disorders Among a Sample of Physically Active Young Adults.","authors":"Sahar Khoshro, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi","doi":"10.1177/11786388241258938","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241258938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Regular exercise has been widely acknowledged for its numerous health benefits, including improvements in physical fitness, body function, and mental well-being. However, excessive exercise and unhealthy dietary patterns can lead to adverse effects on individuals' physical and psychological well-being. This study aimed to examine the association of dietary patterns, exercise addiction, and eating disorders among physically active young adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, a total of 200 physically active young adults aged 18-35 years were included. The participants' dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) consisting of 80 food items. To determine dietary patterns, factor analysis was employed. Exercise addiction was evaluated using The Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) and Exercise Dependence Questionnaire (EDQ), and eating disorders were assessed using The Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire Short (EDE-QS).</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Three main dietary patterns were identified: western, healthy, and traditional dietary patterns. The western dietary pattern was associated with increased waist-to-hip ratio (<i>P</i> = .01) that remained significant after adjustment for confounders (eg, age, gender, BMI, and physical activity <i>P</i> = .03), while the adherence to traditional dietary pattern was linked to higher waist circumference and body shape index (<i>P</i> < .05). Participants that followed the healthy dietary pattern showed a higher score of EAI and body shape concern (<i>P</i> = .04). Furthermore, in structural equation modelling (SEM), eating disorder was identified as a significant positive predictor of exercise addiction (<i>r</i> = .17, <i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to our finding, those with the higher adherence to healthy dietary pattern had higher scores of exercise addiction and body shape concern. Also, eating disorder was a potential predictor of exercise addiction among young physically active individuals. Further research and targeted interventions are needed to better understand these complex relationships and develop effective strategies to promote healthy behaviors and mitigate the risk of adverse outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11273586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}