Nutrition and Metabolic Insights最新文献

{"title":"Sarcopenic Obesity in Adult Patients: Prevalence and Risk Factors.","authors":"Sana Khamassi, Fatma Boukhayatia, Haifa Abdesselem, Emna Bornaz, Kamilia Ounaissa, Houda Bouhajja, Awatef Kacem, Amel Gammoudi, Rahma Mahjoub, Emna Talbi, Henda Jamoussi, Chiraz Amrouche","doi":"10.1177/11786388251348955","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388251348955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia now constitutes a serious issue that can affect the obese adult population. The aims of our study were to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in a group of obese patients, investigate the impact of sarcopenic obesity (SO) on patient health and quality of life, and identify its risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive observational study of a group of obese adult patients. Physical activity was assessed with the Ricci and Gagnon questionnaire and quality of life was evaluated using the SF-12 and ORWELL-97 questionnaires. SO was defined in accordance with the EASO-ESPEN consensus statement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 100 patients with a mean age of 44.42 ± 13.25 years. SO was diagnosed in 19% of the study population. The assessment of the impact of SO revealed that it was associated with osteoarthritis (<i>P</i> < .0001), functional disability (<i>P</i> = .001) and obesity-specific quality of life impairment (<i>P</i> < .0001). SO was associated with lower education levels (<i>P</i> = .011), a low score in the daily physical activities' dimension of the Ricci and Gagnon score (<i>P</i> = .028), class 2 obesity (<i>P</i> = .032), elevated blood triglyceride levels (<i>P</i> = .019), potassium and manganese intake deficiency (<i>P</i> = .042 and <i>P</i> = .004, respectively). Non-sarcopenic obese patients had a higher frequency of a history of weight loss interventions (<i>P</i> = .038), excess protein intake (<i>P</i> = .042), and excess lipid intake (<i>P</i> = .011). Multivariate analysis identified class 2 obesity (<i>P</i> = .048), osteoarthritis (<i>P</i> = .038), elevated triglyceride levels (<i>P</i> = .049), manganese deficiency intake (<i>P</i> = .026), increased score in the daily physical activities' dimension (<i>P</i> = .048), increased gait speed (<i>P</i> = .025) and excess fat intake (<i>P</i> = .047) as factors independently associated with SO.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is essential to incorporate the screening for sarcopenia into the therapeutic approach for obese adult patients due to its clinical consequences and impact on individuals' quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786388251348955"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Omega-3 Supplements on Renal Function Indices in Chronic Kidney Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis.","authors":"Mobina Zeinalabedini, Mahsa Shapouri, Pouya Mirzaee, Majid Kamali, Zahra Mahmoudi, Narjes Noriani, Zahra Saeedirad, Somayyeh Bararnia Adabi, Khadijeh Abbasi Mobarakeh, Ali Shamsi-Goushki, Hanieh Shafaei, Barbod Alhouei, Saeid Doaei, Masoud Khosravi, Maryam Gholamalizadeh","doi":"10.1177/11786388251345518","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388251345518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent studies reported that omega-3 fatty acids may improve renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of omega-3 supplements on renal function indices in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out on 120 CKD patients who were undergoing hemodialysis treatment in Rasht, Iran. The intervention group (n = 60) received 3 capsules of 1000 mg omega-3 fatty acid supplement capsules daily for 2 months. The control group (n = 60) received 3 placebo capsules containing 1000 mg of MCT. Renal function indicators included blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) were measured at baseline and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Omega-3 supplementation significantly improved BUN (68.26 ± 2.97 to 56.59 ± 2.14, <i>P</i> = .03) and Cr levels (8.94 ± 0.29 to 7.58 ± 0.41, <i>P</i> < .01) after adjustment for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, diet, and underlying diseases including diabetes and hypertension. However, no significant effect was found on serum levels of Na, K, Ca, and P.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the present study, giving omega-3 supplementation to patients with CKD undergoing HD may enhanced their renal function. Additional research is required to verify these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786388251345518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Beverages Consumption Patterns, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Anthropometric Features Among Overweight and Obese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Fatemeh Abdi, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi","doi":"10.1177/11786388251346309","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388251346309","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Obesity, as one of the main causes of metabolic diseases, is a global public health concern owing to its prevalence. While some consumed beverages have shown favorable effects on obesity and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS), others have not. Additionally, most studies have investigated the effect of specific beverage consumption on obesity and MetS components, rather than overall beverage consumption patterns. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims to investigate the association between beverage consumption patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obesity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 obese and overweight participants (44.0% males and 56.0% females) aged 18 to 65. Participants' general characteristics, anthropometric, dietary, and biochemical assessments were obtained. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine beverage consumption patterns, with varimax rotation. Three beverage consumption patterns were obtained based on eigenvalues &gt;0.3, scree plot, and interpretability of factors. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval of the association between beverage consumption patterns and cardio-metabolic risk factors for each beverage pattern after controlling for covariates.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Three major beverage consumption patterns were identified using principal component analysis: the \"fruit juice\" pattern (high loadings of apple juice, fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverages [SSBs], soft drinks, cantaloupe juice, and orange juice); the \"milk and milk product\" pattern (high loadings for milk alternatives, chocolate milk, unsweetened coffee, packaged fruit juice, milk, low-fat milk, dough, and khakshir); and the \"tea and water\" pattern (high consumption of sweetened tea, unsweetened tea, and water). The ORs (95% CIs) of associations of the \"fruit juice\" pattern with risks of elevated FBG were 1.031 (1.002-1.061), 1.033 (1.002-1.065), and 1.034 (1.002-1.066), respectively for model I, II, and III. Participants with higher intake of \"fruit juice\" pattern were more likely to have lower LDL-C level, in all three models (0.986 [0.973-0.999], 0.987 [0.973-0.999], and 0.983 [0.96-0.997], respectively). Also, there was a positive association between \"fruit juice\" pattern and triglyceride (TG) level (1.007 [1.001-1.015]), only in the crude model. There was no significant association between the tertiles of the \"milk and milk product\" pattern and the odds of cardiometabolic risk factors. Upon adjusting for potential confounders, we found that individuals in the second tertile of the \"tea and water\" pattern showed lower HDL-C compare to the first tertile (0.950 [0.903-0.999]). The study analyzed the association between beverage consumption pattern and anthropometric factors. Participants in the second tertile of \"fruit juice\" pattern had ","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786388251346309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Isolation and Antimicrobial, Thrombolytic, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, and Antidiarrheal Activities from the Shell of Commonly Available <i>Citrus reticulata</i> Blanco: Multifaceted Role of Polymethoxyflavones.","authors":"Md Jamal Hossain, Md Abdus Samadd, Mst Nusrat Zahan Urmi, Mst Farzana Yeasmin Reshmi, Md Shohel Hossen, Mohammad A Rashid","doi":"10.1177/11786388251327668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388251327668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruit wastes are becoming popular as treasures for drug discovery in different classes of therapeutics. This research aimed to investigate the phytochemicals and potential bioactivities, such as antimicrobial, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal properties of commonly available mandarin orange (<i>Citrus reticulata</i> Blanco) peel through experimental and computational techniques. Extensive chromatographic and ¹H-NMR spectroscopic analysis was employed to isolate four purified compounds, which were characterized as tangeretin (A), nobiletin (B), limonin (C), and β-sitosterol (D). Furthermore, GC-MS/MS analysis detected over 90 compounds with a notable number of polymethoxyflavones, including nobiletin (29.04%), tangeretin (15.55%), artemetin (8.1%), 6-demethoxytangeretin (1.28%), sinensetin (0.95%), demethylnobiletin (0.14%), pebrellin (0.10%), and salvigenin (0.04%). Dichloromethane soluble fraction (DCMSF) exerted the highest antimicrobial potency <i>Candia albicans</i> against (20 mm zone of inhibition) in the disk diffusion assay method. The aqueous soluble fraction (AQSF) exhibited 34.71% and 48.14% inhibition in hypotonic solution-induced and heat-induced hemolysis in the membrane stabilizing assay. Similarly, the AQSF exhibited the highest anti-thrombotic property with 32.57% clot lysis. The investigated 3 doses of the methanolic extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight) exerted statistically significant <i>in vivo</i> central analgesic effects in a tail-flicking method in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, all the doses exhibited significant efficacy in inhibiting acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and castor oil-induced diarrheal episodes in mouse models. The molecular docking studies corroborated the existing in vitro and in vivo findings by demonstrating better or comparable binding affinities toward the respective receptors and favorable pharmacokinetic properties and toxicological profiles. The present findings indicate that <i>C. reticulata</i> is a rich source of polymethoxyflavones, demonstrating potential efficacy against microbial infections, thrombosis, inflammation, pain, and diarrhea. Nonetheless, comprehensive phytochemical screening is imperative to identify additional bioactive compounds and evaluate their pharmacological effects against several chronic health conditions, grounded in their traditional uses and current evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786388251327668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: South Asian Diet Among Older Adults With Knee Replacement.","authors":"Samreen Sadiq, Rabiya Noor","doi":"10.1177/11786388251324239","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388251324239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786388251324239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online Version of the Self-Administered Food Frequency Questionnaire for the Iranian Adult Population.","authors":"Mehrnaz Morvaridi, Majid Karandish, Hadi Bazyar, Hamid Rasekhi, Hossein Bavi Behbahani","doi":"10.1177/11786388251314447","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388251314447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With the growing accessibility of the internet, dietary assessment tools, including food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), are increasingly being adapted for web platforms. A web-based FFQ was developed as a dietary assessment tool for healthy adults in Iran.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop an online FFQ for dietary data collection among Iranian adults and to compare its performance with the validated Iranian printed FFQ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible participants were randomly assigned to complete both the printed and web-based FFQs. The type of FFQ alternated for each participant after 10 days. The agreement between the two FFQs was assessed using the Bland-Altman method and correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 190 participants, final analyses were conducted on 141 individuals, including 70 females (49.6%) and 71 males (50.4%) who completed both FFQs. Agreement was high for all nutrient intakes (<i>r</i> > .8). Among food groups, \"Whole grains\" showed the highest correlation (<i>r</i> = .84), while \"Potato\" had the lowest (<i>r</i> = .25). There were no significant differences in the time taken to complete the questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The web-based FFQ demonstrated strong agreement with the validated printed FFQ, accurately reflecting nutrient and food group intakes in Iranian adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786388251314447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11815801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to \"Dietary Intake of Chromista Oil Alters Hepatic Metabolomic Profile of Mice With Excess Fat Mass\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/11786388241309200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388241309200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/11786388241297143.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786388241309200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) Predict Metabolic Profile and Glycemic Status Among the Obese Population?","authors":"Mehdi Ghaffari Sarghein, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi, Negin Nikrad","doi":"10.1177/11786388241309847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388241309847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as the existence of metabolic profile risk factors and impaired glycemic status such as dysglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Several studies demonstrated that a diet that promotes proper nutritional intake; plays a critical role in the prevention and control of MetS. Our goal for conducting this cross-sectional study was to investigate any potential relationships between the nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and cardiometabolic risk variables within obese individuals. individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present cross-sectional study, 338 seemingly healthy participants who were overweight or obese were enrolled. The assessment of dietary consumption was conducted through a validated questionnaire comprising 168 items Then NAR was calculated for all ten vitamins and six minerals. Biochemical variables are measured by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Also, LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol), QUICKI (quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index), and HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) were calculated using the suggested formulas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects in the upper NAR tertiles exhibited a significantly higher percentage of fat-free mass (<i>P</i> = .002), appetite (<i>P</i> = .002), and basal metabolic rate (BMR) (<i>P</i> = .002). In addition, Participants in the upper tertiles of NAR consumed a greater amount of energy and all vitamins and minerals included in NAR and meat, fish and poultry (MFP) (<i>P</i> < .001) as well as cholesterol, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (<i>P</i> < .05). Furthermore, no association was shown between NAR and metabolic profile and glycemic status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to our findings, a higher nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) was associated with higher fat-free mass but no significant link between NAR and metabolic profile risk factors was observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11786388241309847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Intake of Omega-3-Fatty Acid Sources with Psychological Distress and Binge Eating Disorder Among Female College Students in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Rana Mosli, Hajer Alsulami, Raghad Alghamdi, Hebah Kutbi","doi":"10.1177/11786388241308183","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241308183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>University students are often exposed to various stressors related to academic demands, which increases their susceptibility to psychological distress. Intake of omega-3 fatty acid (N-3 FA) has been found to be negatively correlated with both depression and eating disorder symptoms in non-Saudi individuals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the following among female undergraduate students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: (1) prevalence of psychological distress and binge eating disorder (BED); (2) Association between intake of N-3 FA sources and psychological distress; (3) Association between intake of N-3 FA sources and BED. This is a cross-sectional study including 149 female students enrolled in King Abdulaziz University. Participants completed an online questionnaire consisting of previously validated questions that evaluate psychological distress (Kessler 10), BED (Eating Disorders Diagnostic Scale), and N-3 FA intake. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the data. The prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe psychological distress was 21.5%, 28.9%, and 28.20%, respectively. The prevalence of BED was 3.40%. Participants who consumed fish at least once per week for 6 months had significantly lower odds of moderate or severe psychological distress (odds ratio (OR): 0.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.13, 0.86, <i>P</i>-value: .02). We did not detect significant associations between intake of N-3 FA sources and BED. Prevalence of psychological distress was higher what has been previously reported in other studies. However, prevalence of BED in our Saudi sample was lower than what has been previously found in other samples. Intake of N-3 FA from fish sources might be associated with lower odds of psychological distress but not with BED. Future studies are needed in order to further establish the need for developing educational programs to enhance N-3 FA intake for promoting mental wellbeing particularly among female young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241308183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11660061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a Modern Palaeolithic Diet in Combination with a Sprint Interval Training on Metabolic and Performance-Related Parameters in Male Athletes: A Pilot Trial.","authors":"Denise Zdzieblik, Tobias Waldvogel, Anna Zierke, Albert Gollhofer, Daniel König","doi":"10.1177/11786388241299896","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241299896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although a palaeolithic diet promotes healthier food choices that aid in weight management and reduce cardiovascular risks, its effectiveness in endurance sports is still debated due to its typically low carbohydrate content.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the impact of a 6-week palaeolithic diet (PD-G) versus a mixed diet (MD-G), both paired with Sprint interval training (SIT), on various metabolic and performance-related parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Body composition, time trial (TT) performance (covered distance during a 60-minute run on a 400-metre track) and changes in metabolic (respiratory exchange ratio [RER], substrate oxidation rates) and performance-related (time at ventilatory threshold [VT] and respiratory compensation point [RCP], maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O_2max) and time to exhaustion [TTE]) parameters during a ramp incremental running test were assessed in 14 male endurance athletes. Additionally, Gastrointestinal Quality of Life index (GLQI) and perceptual responses to the diets [visual analogue scale (VAS)] were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 6 weeks, both groups improved in TTE and distance covered in the 60-minute TT, without significant group differences. In the PD-G body weight, fat mass and systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased. At rest, RER and carbohydrate oxidation significantly decreased in the PD-G, with a tendency towards significance during exercise, while changes in fat oxidation rates were not statistically significant at rest and throughout the exercise test; in contrast, the MD-G exhibited smaller changes across these parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this investigation, a palaeolithic diet in combination with SIT appeared to have positive effects on fat mass, blood pressure and substrate utilization under resting conditions in a group of male endurance athletes. However, based on the current findings for performance metrics, a palaeolithic diet cannot be recommended unreservedly for healthy endurance athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241299896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11648029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}