Nutrition and Metabolic Insights最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic Effects of Vitamins and Nutritional Supplements on Sinusitis: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Mohadeseh Poudineh, Farhad Nikzad, Sadaf Parvin, Mohammad Ghaheri, Shahin Sabbaghi, Erfan Kazemi, Mohammad Mahdi Ghodrati, Fatemeh Mohammadyari, Sara Saeedpour, Shekoufeh Mohammadpour, Narjes Sadat Farizani Gohari, Farbod Heydarasadi, Dorsa Abolhasani, Sepehr Olangian-Tehrani, Armin Alinezhad","doi":"10.1177/11786388241263680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388241263680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sinusitis, one of the most prevalent and undertreated disorders, is a term used to describe inflammation of the paranasal sinuses caused by either infectious or non-infectious sources. Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can all cause sinusitis. Sinusitis is classified into 3 types: acute, subacute, and chronic. Acute sinusitis lasts for less than 1 month, subacute sinusitis lasts from 1 to 3 months, and chronic sinusitis persists for over 3 months. This condition affects a significant portion of the population, imposing a substantial burden on the healthcare system. Antibiotics are the gold standard of bacterial sinusitis treatment. However, due to the rise of antimicrobial resistance, especially in immune-compromised patients, it is necessary to investigate potential adjunctive therapies. Based on the literature, vitamins (eg, vitamin D) have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory properties and may effectively treat sinusitis and reduce mucous membrane inflammation. Besides vitamins, many other supplements like quercetin, sinupret, and echinacea have immunomodulatory effects and have shown promising results in sinusitis treatment. In this review, we look at the therapeutic role, safety, and efficacy of vitamins and nutritional supplements in sinusitis treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241263680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11480934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Beneficial Effects of Crab-Flavored Seafood Intake in Young Rats.","authors":"Kazunari Kadokura, Tsuyoshi Tomita, Kohei Suruga","doi":"10.1177/11786388241263717","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241263717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Crab-flavored seafood is a well-known traditional Japanese product that is sold as \"imitation crab\" worldwide. Although it is a low-cost, low-fat, high-protein food, there are few data on its potential health benefits. Here, we have assessed the effects of crab-flavored seafood consumption on organ weight and serum biomarkers levels in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sprague-Dawley rats (male; aged 6 weeks) were fed a normal diet (n = 8) or a normal diet with 5% dried crab-flavored seafood (n = 8) for 84 days. Food intake and overall body weight were measured every week; organ weight and blood biochemistry were evaluated at the end of the administration period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 84 days, there were no significant differences in food intake, overall body weight, or organ weight between the 2 groups; however, the muscle weight of rats fed crab-flavored seafood tended to be higher than that of rats fed the normal diet. Several serum biomarkers did not differ between the 2 groups, but serum high-density lipoprotein, total bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin levels were significantly raised in rats fed crab-flavored seafood. Moreover, blood urea nitrogen was significantly lower, and some liver function parameters tended to be lower in rats fed crab-flavored seafood.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consumption of crab-flavored seafood may be effective for promoting muscle protein synthesis and improving serum biomarkers associated with disorders such as cardiovascular disease and stroke. Thus, crab-flavored seafood may have application as a functional food for the global management of human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241263717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Alteration in Adipose Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 Deficient Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.","authors":"Lin Yan, Bret M Rust, Sneha Sundaram, Forrest H Nielsen","doi":"10.1177/11786388241280859","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241280859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), a small inducible cytokine, is involved in obesity-related chronic disorders. Adipocytes produce MCP-1 that is elevated in obese humans and in rodent models of obesity. This study examined the hepatic metabolomic alterations caused by adipose-specific MCP-1 deficiency in a rodent model of obesity. Wide-type (WT) and adipose-specific <i>Mcp-1</i> knockdown mice (<i>Mcp-1</i> ^-/-) were each assigned randomly to 2 groups and fed the standard AIN93G diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Compared to the AIN93G diet, the HFD increased body weight, body fat mass, and plasma concentrations of insulin and leptin, regardless of genotype. There were no differences in these variables between WT and <i>Mcp-1</i> ^-/- mice when they were fed the same diet. Eighty-seven of 172 identified metabolites met the criteria for metabolomic comparisons among the 4 groups. Thirty-nine metabolites differed significantly between the 2 dietary treatments and 15 differed when <i>Mcp-1</i> ^-/- mice were compared to WT mice. The metabolites that significantly differed in both comparisons included those involved in amino acid, energy, lipid, nucleotide, and vitamin metabolism. Network analysis found that both HFD and adipose <i>Mcp-1</i> knockdown may considerably impact amino acid metabolism as evidenced by alteration in the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathways, in addition to alteration in the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathway in <i>Mcp-1</i> ^-/- mice. However, decreased signals of amino acid metabolites in mice fed the HFD and increased signals of amino acid metabolites in <i>Mcp-1</i> ^-/- mice indicate that HFD may have down-regulated and adipose <i>Mcp-1</i> knockdown may have up-regulated amino acid metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241280859"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Profiling and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, Analgesic, and Antidiarrheal Activities from the Seeds of Commonly Available Red Grape (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.).","authors":"Md Jamal Hossain, Khadija Rahman Lema, Md Abdus Samadd, Rumi Aktar, Mohammad A Rashid, Muhammad Abdullah Al-Mansur","doi":"10.1177/11786388241275100","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241275100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study aimed to conduct a phytochemical screening of commonly known fruit red grape (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.) seed methanolic extract through gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the bioactive compounds responsible for its health benefits and evaluate the pharmacological potentialities of the extract and its fractions against oxidation, inflammation, pain, and diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The <i>in vitro</i> antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic characteristics of methanolic extracts and various solvent fractions of <i>V. vinifera</i> were evaluated using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, membrane stabilizing, and brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Furthermore, the study assessed the effects of crude extracts (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of body weight) on pain relief and reduction of diarrhea in animals using methods such as tail immersion, the acetic acid-induced writhing technique, and a diarrheal mouse model induced with castor oil.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 73 phytoconstituents were predominantly found in the seed extract based on the GC-MS analysis. Among the identified compounds, 9-octadecenamide (13.7%), and (<i>9E,11E</i>)-octadeca-9,11-dienoate (11.07%) are most abundant. Several notable constituents, such as gamma-sitosterol, stigmasterol, paromomycin, 4,6-cholestadienol, gamma-tocotrienol, 24-Propylidenecholest-5-en-3beta-ol, and alpha-tocopherol acetate, are also present. The methanolic extract of <i>V. vinifera</i> seed and its different solvent fractions showed promising antioxidant properties (IC₅₀ = 1.19-17.42 µg/mL) compared to the standard antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (IC₅₀ = 20.46 µg/mL). Aqueous soluble fraction exerted inhibition of nearly 50% heat-induced hemolysis compared to the standard acetylsalicylic acid (42%). Besides, all the tested doses (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg bw) of the crude extract showed significant (<i>P</i> < .05) analgesic and antidiarrheal effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current findings endorsed the health benefits of <i>V. vinifera</i> by revealing potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal effects. Nevertheless, further in-depth analysis of the plant's chemical constituents and pharmacological effects on health is warranted for novel drug discovery from <i>V. vinifera</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241275100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary and Lifestyle Insulinemic Potential Indices and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome Among Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ali Hojati, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi","doi":"10.1177/11786388241273670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786388241273670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a worldwide pandemic, metabolic syndrome (MetS) is related with high disease burden. The emergence of multiple chronic diseases can be attributed to unfavorable dietary and lifestyle choices made by individuals, with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance as the underlying causes. Current study sought to assess the relationship between the Empirical Dietary Index for Hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and the Empirical Lifestyle Index for Hyperinsulinemia (ELIH) and MetS risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 339 individuals between the ages of 20 and 50, who were either obese or overweight, and were recruited from Tabriz, Iran. In this study, a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with 168 questions was used to assess individuals' food consumption. Blood tests were performed to assess total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG) levels, as well as blood glucose and insulin levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After multivariable adjustment, among tertiles of EDIH, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and TG were significantly different. Also, SBP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and HDL-C significantly differed across tertiles of ELIH. In multivariate-adjusted models, individuals classified in the highest tertile of EDIH demonstrated elevated ORs in relation to FBG levels [OR: 1.035 (1.004-1.068; <i>P</i> < .05)], and the second tertile of ELIH was inversely associated with SBP [OR: 0.966 (0.935-0.999; <i>P</i> < .05)], DBP [OR: 0.972 (0.948-0.997; <i>P</i> < .05)], TG in the model I [OR: 0.991 (0.983-0.999; <i>P</i> < .05)], and model II [OR: 0.991 (0.983-0.999; <i>P</i> < .05)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering the findings of our study, higher insulinemic dietary potential, indicated by EDIH, can be related to higher odds of FBG and decreased odds of TG as risk factors of MetS. Furthermore, our findings suggest that individuals with a higher ELIH may potentially exhibit lower SBP and DBP levels. Nevertheless, further experimental and long-term investigations are necessary to fully comprehend this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241273670"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11406494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Hemoglobin Among Pregnant Women at Agro-Pastoralist Communities in South Omo Zone, Ethiopia: Community Based Cross-Sectional Study, Nutrition Experience from Movable Community.","authors":"Tsegaye Alemu, Zerish Zethu Nkosi, Tigist Yakob","doi":"10.1177/11786388241263676","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241263676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low hemoglobin level is the most common public health problem during pregnancy in developing countries including Ethiopia, which is affecting both mother and fetus. However, the determinants of anemia among pregnant women are not well studied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the determinates of hemoglobin among pregnant women in rural agro-pastoralist communities in the South Omo zone, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Community-based cross-sectional study was done in rural agro-pastoralist communities. A multistage stratified sampling technique was used to select 526 pregnant women. Data were collected by using structured questionnaires. Hemoglobin level was measured by using HemoCue ^® Hb301. Data were analyzed by using a statistical package for the social science version 26. Descriptive (Mean, standard deviation, frequency, range), bivariate and multivariate analysis was carried out to check the association between lower hemoglobin levels and independent variables. The output is presented in tables and figures.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The mean (±SD) of hemoglobin concentration was 11.8 ± 1.7. The overall prevalence of anemia was 39.9% [95% CI: 35.5, 44.4], 19.4% (95% CI: 16.0, 23.2) was mild, 19.6% (95% CI: 16.27, 2.5) was moderate and 0.9% (95% CI: 0.25, 2.25) was severe anemia. Not taking IFA (AOR = 5.7(3.3, 9.8)), severe under nutrition (AOR = 8.9(2.1, 37.3)), no fish food (AOR = 2.4(1.3, 4.5)), drinking coffee (AOR = 1.6(1.0, 2.6)), moderate food insecurity (AOR = 2.5(1.4, 4.6)), and no malaria infection (AOR = 0.6(0.4, 0.9)) were statistically significant with anemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The anaemia is a public health problem in this study area. Therefore, nutrition education and counselling to enhance iron supplementation, dietary diversity and a flesh diets are very essential to enhance haemoglobin levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241263676"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11287732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major Dietary Patterns, Exercise Addiction, and Eating Disorders Among a Sample of Physically Active Young Adults.","authors":"Sahar Khoshro, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi","doi":"10.1177/11786388241258938","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241258938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Regular exercise has been widely acknowledged for its numerous health benefits, including improvements in physical fitness, body function, and mental well-being. However, excessive exercise and unhealthy dietary patterns can lead to adverse effects on individuals' physical and psychological well-being. This study aimed to examine the association of dietary patterns, exercise addiction, and eating disorders among physically active young adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, a total of 200 physically active young adults aged 18-35 years were included. The participants' dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) consisting of 80 food items. To determine dietary patterns, factor analysis was employed. Exercise addiction was evaluated using The Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI) and Exercise Dependence Questionnaire (EDQ), and eating disorders were assessed using The Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire Short (EDE-QS).</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Three main dietary patterns were identified: western, healthy, and traditional dietary patterns. The western dietary pattern was associated with increased waist-to-hip ratio (<i>P</i> = .01) that remained significant after adjustment for confounders (eg, age, gender, BMI, and physical activity <i>P</i> = .03), while the adherence to traditional dietary pattern was linked to higher waist circumference and body shape index (<i>P</i> < .05). Participants that followed the healthy dietary pattern showed a higher score of EAI and body shape concern (<i>P</i> = .04). Furthermore, in structural equation modelling (SEM), eating disorder was identified as a significant positive predictor of exercise addiction (<i>r</i> = .17, <i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to our finding, those with the higher adherence to healthy dietary pattern had higher scores of exercise addiction and body shape concern. Also, eating disorder was a potential predictor of exercise addiction among young physically active individuals. Further research and targeted interventions are needed to better understand these complex relationships and develop effective strategies to promote healthy behaviors and mitigate the risk of adverse outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241258938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11273586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of Neck Circumference, Waist-to-Height Ratio and Waist-to-Hip Ratio in Predicting Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Saudi Population Without Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Saleh Alqahtani, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Ghada Ajabnoor, Zeyad Alraddadi, Jawaher Alahmadi, Adel Alhabash, Rehad Hakim, Loojen Alseraihi, Suhad Bahijri","doi":"10.1177/11786388241259942","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241259942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early identification and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) could reduce overall mortality. Anthropometric measurements offer a simple and cost-effective method to potentially improve early detection of NAFLD and prevent its complications. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of NAFLD using the fatty liver index (FLI) and evaluate the effectiveness of certain anthropometric measurements in predicting NAFLD as diagnosed by FLI.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 1264 Saudi population without Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) non-alcoholic individuals at primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Jeddah city. Measurements included triglycerides, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Measurements for neck circumference (NC), and calculations for weight-to-height ratio (WHtR) and weight-to-hip ratio (WHpR), along with FLI, were performed. NAFLD was identified in individuals with an FLI ⩾60. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to assess the accuracy of WHtR, WHpR, and NC in detecting NAFLD, with Youden's index determining the optimal cutoff points for these 3 indices.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The prevalence of NAFLD was found to be 30.9%. Among the markers, WHtR emerged as the most significant in indicating NAFLD, achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.916; whereas NC and WHpR exhibited identical AUC values of 0.783. WHtR demonstrated superior diagnostic efficacy for identifying elevated FLI, with gender-specific cutoff values established at >0.57 for females and >0.61 for males. In all 3 markers, females exhibited higher sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) compared to males.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WHtR could serve as a useful tool in the initial clinical screening for NAFLD among Saudi population without T2DM to identify those who may benefit from more comprehensive testing. Further local studies are warranted to confirm the levels of accuracy and the calculated cutoffs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241259942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11193350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel Extract Supplementation on Markers of Inflammation and Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 in Women With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study.","authors":"Maryam Rafraf, Mahdiyeh Khadem Haghighian, Roghayeh Molani-Gol, Salar Hemmati, Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi","doi":"10.1177/11786388241243266","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241243266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) as a common musculoskeletal disorder is the main cause of disability in the world. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) on some inflammatory markers and matrix maloproteinase1 (MMP1) in women with knee OA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty obese women with knee OA aged 38 to 60 years were included in this clinical trial. The women were allocated into intervention (n = 30) and placebo (n = 30) groups along with standard drug therapy receiving 500 mg PPE or placebo twice daily for 8 weeks, respectively. Three-day food records, anthropometric measurements, fasting blood samples, and physical activity questionnaires were gathered at the baseline and the end of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The supplementation of PPE significantly reduced the serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB), MMP1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels of the patients within the intervened group (all, <i>P</i> < .05) and compared with the placebo (<i>P</i> = .002, .045, .040, and .003, respectively) at the end of the study. The serum NF-ĸB levels significantly increased within the placebo group at the end of the trial (<i>P</i> = .002). Changes in other variables in the placebo group were not significant (<i>P</i> > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this clinical trial indicated that PPE supplementation decreased serum inflammatory markers including hs-CRP, NF-ĸB, and MCP-1 and MMP1 levels in women with knee OA. PPE supplementation may be useful as a part of an integrated approach to modulating inflammatory complications in women with knee OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241243266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11143876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Protection of EGCG Against 6-OHDA-Induced Oxidative Damage by Regulating PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling.","authors":"Qi Xu, Yujie Chen, Dan Chen, Manju B Reddy","doi":"10.1177/11786388241253436","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11786388241253436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a classic neurotoxin that has been widely used in Parkinson's disease research. 6-OHDA can increase intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can cause cell damage, which can be attenuated with (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) treatment. However, the mechanism by which EGCG alters the 6-OHDA toxicity remains unclear; In this study, we found 6-OHDA (25 μM) alone increased intracellular ROS concentration in N27 cells, which was attenuated by pretreating with EGCG (100 μM). We evaluated the intracellular oxidative damage by determining the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyl content. 6-OHDA significantly increased TBARS by 82.7% (<i>P</i> < .05) and protein carbonyl content by 47.8 (<i>P</i> < .05), compared to the control. Pretreatment of EGCG decreased TBARS and protein carbonyls by 36.4% (<i>P</i> < .001) and 27.7% (<i>P</i> < .05), respectively, compared to 6-OHDA alone treatment. Antioxidant effect was tested with E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) and peroxisome-proliferator activator receptor γ (PPARγ) expression. 6-OHDA increased Nrf2 expression by 69.6% (<i>P</i> < .001), HO-1 by 173.3% (<i>P</i> < .001), and PPARγ by 122.7% (<i>P</i> < .001), compared with untreatment. EGCG pretreatment stabilized these alterations induced by 6-OHDA. Our results suggested that the neurotoxicity of 6-OHDA in N27 cells was associated with ROS pathway, whereas pretreatment of EGCG suppressed the ROS generation and deactivated the Nrf2/HO-1 and PPARγ expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19396,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolic Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786388241253436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11128170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}