The Association Between Beverages Consumption Patterns, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Anthropometric Features Among Overweight and Obese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

IF 2.3 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Nutrition and Metabolic Insights Pub Date : 2025-06-26 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1177/11786388251346309
Fatemeh Abdi, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Obesity, as one of the main causes of metabolic diseases, is a global public health concern owing to its prevalence. While some consumed beverages have shown favorable effects on obesity and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS), others have not. Additionally, most studies have investigated the effect of specific beverage consumption on obesity and MetS components, rather than overall beverage consumption patterns. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims to investigate the association between beverage consumption patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with obesity.

Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 obese and overweight participants (44.0% males and 56.0% females) aged 18 to 65. Participants' general characteristics, anthropometric, dietary, and biochemical assessments were obtained. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine beverage consumption patterns, with varimax rotation. Three beverage consumption patterns were obtained based on eigenvalues >0.3, scree plot, and interpretability of factors. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval of the association between beverage consumption patterns and cardio-metabolic risk factors for each beverage pattern after controlling for covariates.

Results: Three major beverage consumption patterns were identified using principal component analysis: the "fruit juice" pattern (high loadings of apple juice, fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverages [SSBs], soft drinks, cantaloupe juice, and orange juice); the "milk and milk product" pattern (high loadings for milk alternatives, chocolate milk, unsweetened coffee, packaged fruit juice, milk, low-fat milk, dough, and khakshir); and the "tea and water" pattern (high consumption of sweetened tea, unsweetened tea, and water). The ORs (95% CIs) of associations of the "fruit juice" pattern with risks of elevated FBG were 1.031 (1.002-1.061), 1.033 (1.002-1.065), and 1.034 (1.002-1.066), respectively for model I, II, and III. Participants with higher intake of "fruit juice" pattern were more likely to have lower LDL-C level, in all three models (0.986 [0.973-0.999], 0.987 [0.973-0.999], and 0.983 [0.96-0.997], respectively). Also, there was a positive association between "fruit juice" pattern and triglyceride (TG) level (1.007 [1.001-1.015]), only in the crude model. There was no significant association between the tertiles of the "milk and milk product" pattern and the odds of cardiometabolic risk factors. Upon adjusting for potential confounders, we found that individuals in the second tertile of the "tea and water" pattern showed lower HDL-C compare to the first tertile (0.950 [0.903-0.999]). The study analyzed the association between beverage consumption pattern and anthropometric factors. Participants in the second tertile of "fruit juice" pattern had lower body mass index (BMI; 0.878 [0.792-0.972], 0.895 [0.805-0.995], and 0.891 [0.800-0.992], respectively) and hip circumference (HC; 0.938 [0.893-0.984], 0.947 [0.901-0.996], and 0.947 [0.901-0.996], respectively).

Conclusion: In this study, the "fruit juice" pattern was associated with lower serum LDL-C levels, but higher FBS and TG levels. Understanding the effect of beverage consumption patterns on cardiometabolic health in obesity is important for developing risk management strategies, but further research is needed for more conclusive results.

超重和肥胖成年人饮料消费模式、代谢危险因素和人体测量特征之间的关系:一项横断面研究。
背景:肥胖作为代谢性疾病的主要原因之一,因其普遍性而成为全球关注的公共卫生问题。虽然一些饮料显示出对肥胖和代谢综合征(MetS)成分的有利影响,但其他饮料则没有。此外,大多数研究调查了特定饮料消费对肥胖和代谢代谢成分的影响,而不是整体饮料消费模式。因此,本横断面研究旨在调查肥胖个体中饮料消费模式与心脏代谢危险因素之间的关系。方法:对150名18 ~ 65岁的肥胖和超重参与者(男性44.0%,女性56.0%)进行横断面研究。获得参与者的一般特征、人体测量、饮食和生化评估。主成分分析(PCA)用于确定饮料的消费模式,具有可变旋转。基于特征值>0.3、屏幕图和因素的可解释性,得到了三种饮料消费模式。在控制协变量后,采用多元多项式logistic回归估计每种饮料消费模式与心脏代谢危险因素之间的比值比(OR)和95%置信区间。结果:利用主成分分析确定了三种主要的饮料消费模式:“果汁”模式(高负荷的苹果汁、果汁、含糖饮料、软饮料、哈密瓜汁和橙汁);“牛奶和奶制品”模式(高负荷的牛奶替代品,巧克力牛奶,无糖咖啡,包装果汁,牛奶,低脂牛奶,面团和khakshir);还有“茶和水”模式(大量饮用加糖茶、不加糖茶和水)。“果汁”模式与FBG升高风险相关的or (95% CIs)分别为1.031(1.002-1.061)、1.033(1.002-1.065)和1.034(1.002-1.066),分别为模式1、模式2和模式3。在三种模型中,摄入“果汁”模式越多的参与者LDL-C水平越低(分别为0.986[0.973-0.999]、0.987[0.973-0.999]和0.983[0.96-0.997])。此外,仅在粗模型中,“果汁”模式与甘油三酯(TG)水平呈正相关(1.007[1.001-1.015])。“牛奶和奶制品”模式的百分比与心脏代谢危险因素的几率之间没有明显的联系。在对潜在的混杂因素进行调整后,我们发现“茶和水”模式的第二分位个体的HDL-C比第一分位个体低(0.950[0.903-0.999])。该研究分析了饮料消费模式与人体测量因素之间的关系。“果汁”模式第二组的参与者身体质量指数(BMI)较低;分别为0.878[0.792-0.972]、0.895[0.805-0.995]、0.891[0.800-0.992])和臀围(HC;0.938[0.893-0.984]、0.947[0.901-0.996]、0.947[0.901-0.996])。结论:在本研究中,“果汁”模式与较低的血清LDL-C水平有关,但与较高的FBS和TG水平有关。了解饮料消费模式对肥胖患者心脏代谢健康的影响对于制定风险管理策略非常重要,但需要进一步的研究才能得出更确切的结果。
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来源期刊
Nutrition and Metabolic Insights
Nutrition and Metabolic Insights NUTRITION & DIETETICS-
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
27
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Nutrition and Metabolic Insights is a peer-reviewed, open-access online journal focusing on all aspects of nutrition and metabolism. This encompasses nutrition, including the biochemistry of metabolism, exercise and associated physical processes and also includes clinical articles that relate to metabolism, such as obesity, lipidemias and diabetes. It includes research at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels. This journal welcomes new manuscripts for peer review on the following topics: Nutrition, including the biochemistry of metabolism, Exercise and associated physical processes, Clinical articles that relate to metabolism, such as obesity, lipidemias and diabetes, Research at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels, Other areas of interest include gene-nutrient interactions, the effects of hormones, models of metabolic function, macronutrient interactions, outcomes of changes in diet, and pathophysiology.
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