Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms最新文献

{"title":"Monte Carlo simulation of intragranular Xe bubble re-solution in UZr nuclear fuels","authors":"Wenlue Mao ,&nbsp;Jinli Cao ,&nbsp;Xinfu He ,&nbsp;Yonggang Li ,&nbsp;Qirong Zheng ,&nbsp;Wen Yang ,&nbsp;Qi Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bubble re-solution in UZr alloys plays a key role in the nucleation and growth of fission gas bubble, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this work, the behavior of Xe bubble re-solution due to binary collision affected by bubble radius, matrix composition, and fission fragments in UZr fuels has been carried out by 3D Monte Carlo method. The re-solution coefficient (<em>b₀</em>) decreases with the increase of bubble radius (<em>R_b</em>), and it will increase with the increase of Zr concentration (<em>C_Zr</em>) because of the higher energy entering the bubble. Using typical fission fragments (Sr, and I), it is found that the re-solution coefficient with small atomic numbers is higher than that of low-energy fission fragments with large atomic numbers. Further, we obtain the re-solution coefficient as a function of bubble radius and Zr concentration, and give the effective re-solution coefficients (<span><math><msubsup><mi>b</mi><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mo>′</mo></msubsup></math></span>) in the intermediate region and the inner region according to the available experimental data. The value of the intermediate region is close to that of existing model, while the re-solution coefficient in the inner region is 3 orders of magnitude higher. This also shows that the fission gas behaviors in different phases are obviously different, which need more atomic-scale calculations in future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"560 ","pages":"Article 165623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface/interface investigation of positron diffusion in electrochemically reduced nanoporous Au from dealloyed nanoporous Au","authors":"C. Lakshmanan ,&nbsp;R.N. Viswanath ,&nbsp;Padmalochan Panda ,&nbsp;S. Amirthapandian ,&nbsp;R. Rajaraman","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Positron lifetime measurements, variable energy positron beam Doppler broadening analyses, and electron microscopy studies were performed to investigate morphological evolution and its influence on positron diffusion behavior in electrochemically reduced nanoporous Au. Samples were obtained by potential cycling of as-dealloyed nanoporous Au within reduced potential intervals. Electron microscopy revealed significant morphological changes, resulting in a random structure composed of Au ligaments. Positron lifetime and S(E_P) measurements provided insights into effective diffusion length of positrons, which scaled with the ligament diameter with an exponent of ∼0.5, contrasting with the behavior observed in as-dealloyed nanoporous Au. Positronium fraction calculations showed preferentially positron diffusion toward the surfaces/interfaces of the ligament pore networks. Nanoindentation measurements of Young’s modulus correlated with the microstructure and defect characteristics of the reduced nanoporous Au. These findings enhance our understanding of how variations in vacancy defects associated with ligament surfaces/interfaces substantially impacts the mechanical properties of nanoporous Au assemblies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"560 ","pages":"Article 165624"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of implantation and annealing temperatures on the irradiation damage in He2+ ion implanted 6H-SiC","authors":"Hang Zang,&nbsp;Heng Yu,&nbsp;Tao Wang,&nbsp;Fang Liu,&nbsp;Chuanhao Chen,&nbsp;Pingan Zhou,&nbsp;Tan Shi,&nbsp;Huan He,&nbsp;Wenbo Liu,&nbsp;Chaohui He","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single crystal 6H-SiC samples were implanted with He²⁺ ions to 5 × 10¹⁶ cm⁻² at 400 °C and 750 °C, and the sample implanted at 400 °C was subsequently annealed at 750 °C for 3 h in vacuum. These samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, UV–Visible spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the lattice expansion, level of disorder and defect concentrations in the He-implanted 6H-SiC has decreased with increasing implantation temperature at the same dose. There was a reduced irradiation effect in the 6H-SiC irradiated at 400 °C and subsequently annealed at 750 °C compared to the sample solely irradiated at 750 °C to the same dose. This behavior was attributed to more stable defect clusters and enhanced He trapping at defects in the latter sample. Possible He bubble effects cannot be excluded. In addition, the temperature effect on defect recovery in the dynamic annealing during irradiation and post-irradiation annealing was discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"560 ","pages":"Article 165611"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical model of light ions reflection from solids","authors":"V.P. Afanas’ev,&nbsp;L.G. Lobanova","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents an analytical theory for describing the angular and energy distributions of medium energies light ions reflected from solids. This analytical theory is based on the phenomenological method of electrons reflection from solids named Oswald-Kasper-Gaukler method (OKG), which was successfully verified for electron spectroscopy. It is shown, that OKG method is based on the solution of boundary value problem for the transfer equation using the invariant imbedding method in the small-angle approximation. The main advantage of OKG method is an opportunity for the description of atomic particles reflection processes from solids by means of spherical harmonics method. Presented analytical formulas determine all scattering characteristics of reflected particles using dimensionless parameter, which is the ratio of the residual range to the transport length, and differential elastic cross section <em>ω</em>_el(<em>n</em>₀,<em>n</em>). Energy losses of ions in solids are calculated using Fokker-Plank approximation. Differential elastic cross sections are calculated in first Born approximation using Kr-C potential. The value of the parameter which determines the differential elastic cross section on small angles is determined by the ratio of the de Broglie wavelength of incidence particle to the screening radius <em>a</em> = 0.8853<em>a</em>₀(<em>Z</em>₁^1/2 + <em>Z</em>₂^1/2)^-2/3, where <em>a</em>₀ – first Bohr radius and was corrected in the range determined in Moliere works.</div><div>For elastic scattering of protons, the path length distribution function (PLDF) was found. The function was tested by comparison with the results of computer simulations performed using the binary-collision simulation program SPIM-L. Analytical results are also compared with experimental angular and energy spectra of 0.1–30 keV protons reflected from Be, C, Al, Ti, Ni, Cu and W targets. Satisfactory agreement between the theoretical and experimental results was found.</div><div>For the ions initial energies of hundreds of eV energy spectra of reflected protons were compared with results of computer simulation by means of MARLOWE program. The satisfactory agreement between the analytical, experimental and simulation results means the opportunity of the description not only electron scattering processes, but also the processes of light ions reflection from solids by means of OKG method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"560 ","pages":"Article 165610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of changes in surface composition and morphology of GaAs irradiated with different energies protons","authors":"Xueting Liu ,&nbsp;Binghuang Duan ,&nbsp;Haoxiang Xue ,&nbsp;Ashan Ejaz ,&nbsp;Tieshan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a direct bandgap semiconductor material known for its excellent radiation resistance. This study investigates the radiation effects on both intrinsic GaAs and n-type GaAs. The samples were irradiated with 100 keV and 2 MeV protons at fluence ranging from 6 × 10¹⁴p/cm² to 1 × 10¹⁶p/cm². The chemical components and surface morphology were characterized by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The XPS results show that proton irradiation changed the chemical composition of the GaAs surface. AFM analysis revealed that proton irradiation induced the formation of hillocks and craters on the GaAs surface, which further merged with increasing fluence. Notably, the surface damage resulting from 100 keV proton irradiation was more severe than that caused by 2 MeV protons. Compared to intrinsic GaAs, n-type GaAs exhibits worse radiation resistance of structural stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"560 ","pages":"Article 165609"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles in glioblastoma cells revealed by μ-PIXE","authors":"Henrique Fonteles ,&nbsp;T.S. Klippel ,&nbsp;Daphne Tórgo ,&nbsp;Felipe F. Selau ,&nbsp;Bárbara Konrad ,&nbsp;Daniel L. Baptista ,&nbsp;Jonder Morais ,&nbsp;Maria do Carmo Martins Alves ,&nbsp;Guido Lenz ,&nbsp;Johnny F. Dias ,&nbsp;Pedro L. Grande","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of NPs has increased massively in numerous fields, including environmental sciences, electronics, and medicine. Because of their unique physical, optical, and biological capabilities, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are of considerable interest. These nanoparticles have distinct properties that make them useful as nanoprobes for imaging and nanocarriers for efficient drug delivery systems, for example. To harness their full potential in the biomedical area, it is crucial to accurately characterize their size, shape, and biological activity. In this study, the <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>-PIXE technique has been employed to investigate the cellular uptake of these nanoparticles upon interaction with the U87 glioblastoma cell line. This analysis provided information on the internalization and distribution of nanoparticles within the cellular environment. To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of the AuNPs, the MTT assay was performed. This widely used method allows for the assessment of cell viability in the presence of nanoparticles. Lastly, their size was also measured by scanning electron microscopy, yielding a mean diameter of 18 ± 5 nm, which agreed well with previous MEIS results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"560 ","pages":"Article 165607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geant4 simulation of electron beam penetration behavior in textile artifacts matrix","authors":"Sijia Li ,&nbsp;Lingtong Yan ,&nbsp;Heyang Sun ,&nbsp;Xiangqian Feng ,&nbsp;Li Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Textile relics are susceptible to microbial infestation, making sterilization imperative. Electron beam irradiation offers an eco-friendly solution. In practical operations, work distance of electron beam source, irradiation dose, and electron energy all influence sterilization efficacy and the integrity of artifact matrix. By utilizing Geant4 simulations, we studied the interaction between electron beams and the matrix of textiles (protein and cellulose) under different irradiation conditions. For low-energy electron beams, the irradiation distance in a nitrogen atmosphere significantly affects the energy deposition rate with a constant matrix thickness. When the energy is below 1 MeV, both the electron energy and the work distance notably influence the energy deposition rate of the beam. As the energy increases beyond 1 MeV, this influence becomes less significant. Additionally, the depth of 99% energy deposition is less than 1 mm for protein at electron energies below 0.4 MeV and for cellulose below 0.45 MeV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"560 ","pages":"Article 165603"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of proton elastic scattering cross-section of Zr and deuterium distribution in thick ZrDx films","authors":"Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Xin ,&nbsp;Jie Gao ,&nbsp;Liqun Shi ,&nbsp;Hongliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To precisely quantify the deuterium (D) concentration at significant depths and enhance the understanding of D distribution in zirconium (Zr) films, the proton elastic scattering cross-section of Zr was measured on an Au/Zr/Ti thin film. The measurement was conducted at laboratory angles of 165° and 170° over an energy range of 1.5–5.0 MeV. Non-Rutherford scattering was observed at proton energies exceeding 4.43 MeV. By combining proton backscattering (PBS) and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) at different energies, a highly precise quantification of D concentrations within deuterated zirconium film, with depth resolution below 500 nm, was achieved. Additionally, we established initial assessments of Zr, Mo, and D atom concentrations in the ZrD_x/Mo film, laying the groundwork for future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of fast-neutron-induced reaction cross-sections in 27Al, 197Au, 209Bi, 59Co, 19F, 23Na, and 89Y in quasi-monoenergetic fields of p+Li and d+TiT neutron sources","authors":"J. Jarošík ,&nbsp;C. Bonaldi ,&nbsp;C. Fontana ,&nbsp;W. Geerts ,&nbsp;M. Macías ,&nbsp;S. Oberstedt ,&nbsp;M. Štefánik ,&nbsp;A. Tsinganis ,&nbsp;V. Wagner","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes cross-section measurements of fast-neutron-induced reactions using the neutron activation method. The study employed two accelerator-driven fast neutron sources, each possessing distinct characteristics during irradiation of analogous sets of samples. Specifically, the neutron source at the NPI Řež relied on the p+Li(C) reaction, while MONNET at JRC Geel utilized the d+TiT(Ag) reaction for neutron production. Building upon prior experiments conducted at NPI, we present new cross-sections for reactions, some of which suffer from a dearth of experimental data. The results presented in this paper originate from samples of Al, Au, Bi, Co, NaF, and Y that were irradiated with neutrons at energies of 17.6(3) MeV, and 18.5(4) MeV at MONNET, and an energy of 22.5(8) MeV at the NPI. Following neutron irradiation, the samples were analysed using gamma-ray spectrometry. Cross-sections of several fast-neutron-induced reactions were determined on the basis of the measurement of neutron spectra and corresponding reaction yields. By comparing the results of analogous experiments conducted in different experimental setups, it becomes possible to assess systematic uncertainties. The obtained cross-sections may contribute to the further development of both advanced nuclear reactors and to a more precise fast-neutron dosimetry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of chemical short-range order on displacement cascade in medium-entropy CrCoNi alloys","authors":"Yuzhou Liang,&nbsp;Chuanlong Xu,&nbsp;Xiaobao Tian,&nbsp;Qingyuan Wang,&nbsp;Wentao Jiang,&nbsp;Haidong Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical short-range order (CSRO) is an important structure in high/medium entropy alloys (H/MEAs), which has a significant influence on the mechanical properties of irradiated materials. In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to investigate the effects of CSRO on the point defect evolution during displacement cascade in medium-entropy CrCoNi alloys. To validate the influence of CSRO on point defects, multi-displacement cascades were initially conducted on the alloy. The results indicate that the CSRO structure can notably diminish dislocation and defect densities. Then, the influence of the CSRO structure on point defects under single displacement cascade was discussed. Both the peak number of point defects and the number of surviving point defects decrease with the increasing degree of CSRO during the single displacement cascade, indicating that the CSRO enhances the irradiation-resistance of irradiated materials. The Ni-rich region in CSRO can inhibit the formation of point defects due to its higher formation energy barrier. While the Co-Cr region in CSRO was found to promote the migration of point defects that can facilitate their recombination due to the lower migration energy. The current work provides new insights into understanding the evolution of irradiation-induced defects and mechanical properties of irradiated M/HEAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}