Novelty in Biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Nanomedicine: The Novel Weapon against Parasitic Infections","authors":"M. Rahimi, Zahra Arab-Mazar, Sara Rahmati Roodsari","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V8I4.30416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V8I4.30416","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the side effects of drugs and resistance to the used chemicals in the treatment of tropical diseases such as malaria, leishmaniosis, trypanosomiasis and Schistosomiasis, which millions of people around the world are infected, nowadays nanomedicine usage with the production of nanofibers and nanoparticles (nanopowders, nanocrystal or nanocluster). The particles with a diameter of less than 100 nanometers is considered as a special treatment in parasitic diseases1,2. \u0000Due to the intracellular nature of some parasites, their treatment is a major challenge for researchers to develop new drugs. Findings show that Chitosan nanoparticles and metals such as silver, gold, and metal oxides have a lethal or inhibitory effect on various parasites, including giardiasis, leishmaniosis, malaria, or toxoplasma and insect larvae1.  \u0000The effects of drug release from chitosan nanofibers have also been performed in various external and internal evaluations on lesions caused by Leishmania major and the therapeutic effect of gold and silver nanoparticles on malaria and their concomitant use with bioresonance waves on leishmaniasis2,4. \u0000The main purpose of using nanoparticles is to use it as a drug delivery system and to release the drug agent in order to affect the specific site. Recently, the use of particle systems such as nanomedicine as a physical tool to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of various types of drug molecules in vivo is being developed1,4. \u0000The endocytic pathway transfers nanoparticles to the site of pathogens. The breakdown of these substances by lysosomal enzymes releases drugs into the phagocytic or lysosomal vesicle, or this process is released into the cytoplasm by a diffusion phenomenon. Specific transmission depends on the physical and chemical nature of the molecules1. \u0000In recent years, the use of nanoparticles for the treatment of parasitic diseases has considered, although limited research has conducted in this regard (Table 1). \u0000Finally, it can be concluded that according to recent findings on the inhibitory and long-term effects of nanofibers and nanoparticles on different parasites with less side effects than conventional drugs, more effective and less side effects drugs can be developed. Useful vaccines have also been developed to control parasitic diseases.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"210-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91226140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Docetaxel Enhances the Expression of STING Protein in PC3 Cells, and cGAMP Attenuates this Effect","authors":"Shaghayegh Salimi, M. Rezaei, Z. Mousavi, Roya Atabakhshian, R. Pouriran, S. Ziai","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V8I4.30845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V8I4.30845","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist (cGAMP) kills the cancer cells through the activation of the innate immune system. PC3 cells are high in BTK and low in STING. In this study, the effect of adding STING agonist, cGAMP, to docetaxel investigated. \u0000Materials and Methods: PC3 cells were treated with docetaxel, cGAMP, and a combination of the docetaxel and cGAMP. Cell toxicity was evaluated by MTT assay, and changes of STING, IRF3, BTK, and DDX41 genes’ expression were quantified by the real-time PCR. STING protein was also detected by Western blotting. \u0000Results: The IC50 of docetaxel was 31.1 nM, and cGAMP did not change it significantly but decreased docetaxel toxicity about 30%. Docetaxel increased IRF3, BTK, and DDX41 gene expression significantly, and STING protein about 5 folds. By adding cGAMP to docetaxel STING, IRF3, and BTK, expression decreased several folds. \u0000Conclusion: In this in vitro study, cGAMP potentiated docetaxel’s effects and alleviated it.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"196-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85286060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Beclin1 Effect on Apoptosis in Mouse Infected with Street Rabies Virus","authors":"Homeira Prizad, M. Fazeli, M. Mahmoudi, Alireza Jananni, F. Sheikholeslami","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.32599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.32599","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Apoptosis is a programmed cell death in which certain cellular components are packed into small membrane vacuoles by immune cells. Different strains of rabies virus (RABV) have their own biological features, but their effects on apoptosis have been little known. The aim of current research was to evaluate Beclin 1 effect on apoptosis in the mouse infected with the street rabies virus. \u0000Materials and Methods: Exogenous Beclin1 overexpressed by the pIRES2-EGFP-Beclin1 vector in the cortex of NMRI mice. To evaluate the apoptosis, TUNEL assay was done on brain tissues of the rabid mice. \u0000Results: TUNEL assay data showed that small apoptotic cells were seen in the four groups that received the vector alone or with the SRABV, but no significant changes were observed. There are no signs of apoptosis in mouse normal brain cells. \u0000Conclusion: It was previously proven that overexpression of exogenous Beclin1 could induce autophagy but this study showed that overexpression of Beclin 1 does not cause apoptosis in rabies-infected cells.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"205-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81218734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Efficacy of Neuro Muscular Electrical Stimulation and Electro Acupuncture in Improving the Pain and Disability in Patients with the Lumbar Degenerative Intervertebral Disk Disease","authors":"Zeinab Faraji Qomi, Shahin Salehi, O. Hesami, Mehrshad Poorsaed Esfahani, Amir Hosein Abedi Yekta, M. Hassabi, M. Sohrabi, M. Elahi","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.29082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.29082","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) due to the degenerative intervertebral disk diseases is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions in contemporary societies. A variety of pharmacological, non-pharmacological and surgical options is available for treatment of CLBP. The use of non-pharmacological methods have drastically increased in recent years, offering fewer complications and expenses. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of the neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and electro acupuncture (EAP) with exercise therapy alone in patients with chronic low back pain. Materials and Methods: This was a randomized case-controlled clinical trial. Sixty patients with CLBP were randomly assigned to 3 groups (20 cases each) of the EAP with exercise therapy, NMES with exercise therapy, and exercise therapy only. Severity of pain and disability improvement were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Quebec back pain disability scale respectively. Results: A total of 66 individuals were enrolled, out of which 6 were excluded due to patients’ lack of cooperation. A significant decline in the amounts of Quebec and VAS was observed in the three groups ( p <0.001). The pain and disability improvements did not display any significant difference in the NMES or EAP groups compared to the control group. However, the severity of disability and pain in the NMES group were significantly higher than the EAP group ( p <0.05). Conclusion: These findings may indicate an almost identical efficacy of exercise therapy alone compared to the combination with electrical stimulation techniques in improving the pain and disability in patients suffering CLBP.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73994934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of low level laser therapy on mucositis in patients under chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation","authors":"A. Tavakoli, M. Tabarraee, F. Tabeie, M. Mehdizadeh, M. Ghadiani, Leila Izadi Masoole","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.27532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.27532","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oral mucositis is among the most important adverse effects of chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation and prevention from this side effect is important to improve the situations in patients. Hence, in this study the main aim was to determine the effects of low-level laser therapy on mucositis in patients under chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 60 consecutive patients under chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation in a training hospital in 2018 were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either low-level laser therapy (630 and 780 nm) or off-laser. Finally, the frequency rate and severity of mucositis (grades 0 to 4 according to WHO severity index) were determined and compared across the groups. \u0000Results: Mucositis was present in 30% and 56.7% in laser and control groups, respectively with statistically significant difference (p=0.037). The severity of mucositis was same across the laser and control groups (p=0.785). \u0000Conclusion: Low-level laser therapy is an effective modality for preventing from mucositis in patients treated by chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. Accordingly, utilization of this safe and effective therapeutic method is recommended.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"02 1","pages":"125-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85912002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Pregnancy Outcomes in Iranian Women with Uterine Myomas","authors":"Masoumeh Mirzamoradi, Masoumeh Aslanpour, Mina Bakhtiari, R. Jamali, M. Jamali","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V8I3.29806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V8I3.29806","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To investigate the impacts of myomas on the outcomes of pregnancy in Iranian pregnant women with uterine fibroids. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the consequences of myomas on pregnancy were investigated in Iranian pregnant women referred to the perinatology clinic of Mahdieh Hospital (Tehran, Iran). One-hundred and sixty pregnant women diagnosed with uterine myoma were enrolled in the study as the case group. The control group consisted of 160 pregnant women without fibroma. The characteristics of the myomas and their relationships with pregnancy outcomes were surveyed. \u0000Results: Non-cephalic presentation, preterm labor, and Cesarean delivery were significantly higher in the case group in comparison with the control group. 106 patients (66.7%) had myomas larger than 5 cm in diameter. Intramural fibroids were seen in 132 (83%) patients. In addition, 133 (83.6%) patients had myomas in the body (corpus) of the uterus. Considering the number of myomas, 124 (78%) patients revealed one myoma in uterus. Uterine myomas during pregnancy rendered an important risk factor for cesarean delivery, breech presentation, and preterm delivery. However, there were no significant correlations between uterine myomas and IUGR, premature membranes rupture, either abortion or bleeding in the first trimester, low birth weight, and severe postpartum bleeding. \u0000Conclusion: Our results showed that the presence of myoma could modulate pregnancy outcomes. Our results can be useful in improving the quality of prenatal care and education.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"31 1","pages":"142-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82714910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daclatasvir/Sofosbuvir versus Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection Genotypes 1 and 3","authors":"Narjes Shokatpour, S. Sali, Ali Khahanipour, Sara Abolghasemi, M. Shabani","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.29735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.29735","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The new direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) with high efficacy, low resistance, and low rate of adverse events (AEs) have shown promising outcomes for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of Daclatasvir/Sofosbuvir (DCV/SOF) compared to Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) in patients with HCV infection in the real-world setting in Iran. \u0000Materials and Methods: A total of 42 patients with HCV infection were treated with either LDV/SOF (genotype 1) or DCV/SOF (genotypes 1, 3 or unknown) with or without ribavirin (RBV). Assessment of risk factors, laboratory tests, sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12), and AEs were performed. \u0000Results: The highest risk factor for HCV transmission was major surgery (50.0%), followed by tattooing (40.5%), phlebotomy (40.5%), and dental surgery (40.5%). No statistically significant relationships between genotypes and risk factors were observed. In both treatment groups (LDV/SOF and DCV/SOF), all of the patients (100%) with or without cirrhosis and treatment-experience achieved SVR12. One patient with a history of failed LDV/SOF therapy achieved SVR12 following retreatment with DCV/SOF. Both treatment regimens were well-tolerated. No serious AEs or discontinuation due to AEs was observed. The most common AE across both treatment groups were fatigue (42.9%), followed by anxiety (28.6%). Numerically, more adverse events were found with the LDV/SOF regimen than with the DCV/SOF regimen. \u0000Conclusion: Our study showed an excellent safety and efficacy of DCV/SOF and LDV/SOF in Iranian patients infected with HCV. The incidence of AEs among patients treated with LDV/SOF was higher than those receiving SOF/DCV.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"171-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80043987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of efficacy between manipulation and exercise therapy in the treatment of patients with Sacroiliac joint dysfunction: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"D. Elyaspour, R. Nikray, F. Nouri, J. Hashemi","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.26180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.26180","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is one of the main sources of lower back pain affects 16-30% of these patients. Various treatments had proposed for subluxation and sacroiliac syndrome but the current evidence on this subject is not confirmatory and few surveys have assessed the efficacy of manipulation in the treatment of this condition. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of manipulation with exercise therapy in patients with sacroiliac pain syndrome. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this single-blinded clinical trial, the 30 patients categorized (to two groups) to receive either manipulation or exercise therapy. Required data gathered via medical history and the Persian translation of the Beck and Oswestry questionnaires and the pain assessed according to the visual analogue scale (VAS). Data entered into SPSS v.22 software for analysis. \u0000Results: Changes in VAS (p=0.011) and Oswestry score (p=0.012) after one week were significantly greater in the manipulation group. In addition, changes in the Oswestry disability index (ODI) score in the manipulation group of one week and one month after treatment were significantly different from the pre-treatment. \u0000Conclusion: Based on the findings of this survey, manipulation had a better efficacy on pain severity and disability of patients with sacroiliac pain syndrome, compared to exercise therapy and considering its low risks and non-invasiveness, its application by trained physicians recommended.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"22 1","pages":"117-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83552435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twin in compared with singleton pregnancies complicated by Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM)","authors":"Masoumeh Mirzamoradi, Maral Baleshi, N. Rahmati, V. Hazari, M. Daraei, Z. Heidar","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.24855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.24855","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Our purpose was to compare the latency periods of preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) in twin compared with singleton pregnancies from 24 to 34 weeks' gestation and assessment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) between twins and singletons. \u0000Materials and Methods: Between 2010 and 2014 in Mahdieh Hospital, Tehran, Iran, data on all women with singleton and twin gestations complicated by PPROM were reviewed. Latencies between singleton and twin pregnancies were compared. An additional comparing according to PPROM at under, equal and above 30 weeks' gestation was surveyed in these groups. In addition, their latencies compared among them. Use of surfactant consumption and need for intubation were measured during hospitalization between twins and singletons. \u0000Results: The mean latencies of singleton and twin pregnancies were statistically significant without comparing the gestational age at PPROM (8.22±7.4 vs. 5.54±3.36 days, p=0.001). When PPROM occurred at or = 30 weeks' gestation, latency was significantly different in singleton and twin pregnancies (6.3±5.85 vs. 2.42±2.60 days, p=0.002). There were significant differences in the use of surfactant and intubation between twin and singletons (p<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: This study provides the basis for effective patient counseling and managing pregnancies with PPROM. Overall, in pregnancies with PPROM at > or = 30 weeks' gestation, latency in twins was significantly shorter than in singleton pregnancies. For fetal lung maturity, the use of surfactant and intubation increased in twins compared with singletons.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"103-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88901505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Epoetin Alfa and Sodium Valproate in patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome","authors":"Seyed Ashkan Hosseini, M. Tabarraee, M. Ghadiani","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.27537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.27537","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is an important precancerous disease leading to blood malignancies. Prompt diagnosis and treatment would result in better outcome in patients. Purpose of the study was to determine the effect of Epoetin Alfa and Sodium Valproate in patients with MDS. Materials and Methods: In this interventional quasi-experimental study, 50 consecutive patients with MDS from Taleghani Hospital (Tehran, Iran) in 2016-2017 were enrolled. They underwent treatment for eight months with 10000 units per month from Epoetin Alfa plus 200 mg TDS from Sodium Valproate. The hematological response was determined according to the hemoglobin, platelet, and neutrophil. Results: Hematological response was present in 68%. The packed cell treatment were decreased significantly (P=0.040) and 56% of patients had no receipt of packed cells after treatment. Conclusion: It is concluded that Epoetin Alfa plus Sodium Valproate was effective in treatment of patients with Myelodysplastic syndrome and use of this combination therapy is recommended.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87758096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}