Novelty in Biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"The Issue of Embryo Implantation in Women during the Coronavirus Outbreak: An Overview:","authors":"D. Rezaee, Hanieh Rezaee, S. Bastaminejad, Y. Bahrami, M. Salehi","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V9I3.33988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V9I3.33988","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000The Coronavirus is a major health problem nowadays, which affects people's lifestyle. This pandemic virus shared a variety of phenomena in case of symptoms and side effects. One of the major issues regarding novel coronavirus is the effect of infection on pregnancy which accounts for an essential process of human life. Considering the pathogenesis of Coronavirus, overexpression of inflammatory cells and cytokines accounts a pivotal step in the development of symptoms. The over-expressed cytokines in response to covid-19 infection would render the inflammation and disruption of the immune system and tissue damage. Like coronavirus infection, implantation the main step of a successful pregnancy, activates the inflammatory cells and cytokines. The association of infection with pregnancy raises the concern about the effect of covid-19 on embryos and giving normal birth, especially in women who decide to get pregnant or are in the pregnancy period. The current review focused on immune system responses to the Coronavirus and comparison with immune system activation during implantation. It concluded that further laboratory research and studies are needed to better understand and draw general conclusions about the role of the virus in embryo implantation.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"138-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75905829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Parametritis after Vaginal Delivery with Delayed Response to Broad Spectrum Antibiotics: A Case Report","authors":"L. Eslamian, Maasoumeh Saleh, B. Nouri","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V9I3.33584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V9I3.33584","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Postpartum infections, also known as puerperal fever, are bacterial infections of the female reproductive tract following childbirth or miscarriage. Symptoms usually include a fever greater than 38.0°C (100.4°F), chills, lower abdominal pain, and possibly bad-smelling vaginal discharge. It usually occurs after the first 24 hours and within the first ten days following delivery, but life-threatening infection may occur within hours of delivery. \u0000Cases Report: We reported a case of severe parametritis in the first 24 hours of delivery. Cesarean section is a risk factor for postpartum infections, and response to treatment is lower than vaginal delivery. Our case was a severe pelvic infection after vaginal delivery, and its risk factor was prolonged rupture of the membrane. Therefore, rapid diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent abscess formation and sepsis. \u0000Conclusion: In this case, rapid treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics prevented abscess formation, sepsis, and hysterectomy.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"90 12","pages":"149-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91423247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Facilitating Factors of Drug Use Based on Personality and Ethnic Characteristics of Guilan Province","authors":"A. Borjali, H. Eskandari, Faramarz Sohrabi Asmroud, Yahya Mohajer, Davood namazi","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V9I3.27745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V9I3.27745","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Background: Identifying ethnic and personality facilitation factors in drug use help to better diagnose and treat addiction identifying facilitation factors. It provides timely counseling, and psychological services can be partially preventable for addicts. This study aimed to investigate factors facilitating drug use based on ethnic and personality characteristics of Guilan province using the Cloninger personality system. \u0000Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of four subcultures of Guilak, Talesh (Turk), Kord and others called Fars. The sampling method in this study was a mixed-method; the sample size was at least 200 people. The present study used data in the field section of Cloninger's personality and character questionnaire to determine personality components and their relationship. They were used with current norms. This study used in-depth interviews, observation and review of documents (questionnaires) and conventional oral literature on drug use. \u0000Results: This study showed that between ethnic facilitation factors (drug and drug counseling, folk beliefs in oral literature, and beliefs about rituals and companionship) and personality traits (nature and character), except the avoidance factor at the significant level of 0.01, there was a significant and positive relationship. Variables of personality traits/\"nature and character\" and components of perseverance, novelty, reward-dependence, self-direction, cooperation can predict common beliefs in the propensity to medication and therapy. The personality facilitator variable of \"nature and character\" and all its components, except for themselves, was able to predict the popular beliefs existing in oral literature. The personality facilitator variable of \"nature and character\" and the components of novelty, reward-dependence, and cooperation could predict common beliefs about rituals and companionship. \u0000Conclusion: Research showed a significant relationship between ethnicity and propensity for drug and drug counseling, popular beliefs in oral literature, and celebration and celebration beliefs.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"123-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83142944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual Airway Obstruction during General Anesthesia following Endotracheal Tube Cuff Herniation; A Case Report","authors":"Houman Teymourian, Firooz Maddadi, S. Khorasanizadeh, Atieh Tizghadam, Hamidreza Azizi Faresani, F. Behnaz, Masih Ebrahimi Dehkordi","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V9I3.33789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V9I3.33789","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Background: Airway management is always of great concern for anesthesiologists especially in the prone position. Utilizing an Armored endotracheal tube is considered to be safe in such patients. \u0000Cases Report: In this current case, we introduce a patient undergoing a wake-up test during spinal surgery who suffered from hypoventilation at the end of surgery. His condition improved only after extubation. After extubation, we confronted a herniated cuff that was not deflated, although we tried twice. We concluded that the patient's respiratory effort against obstructed airway produced a negative pressure, which made the cuff herniated, resulting in airway obstruction. Moreover, the patient biting the tube during the wake-up test damaged the tube and cuff deflation pathway. \u0000Conclusion: It is important to consider cuff herniation as a cause of obstruction when other possible etiologies are ruled out.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"39 1","pages":"145-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75602145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient of Toll‐Like Receptor 4 Knockout in Mouse Zygotes by CRISPER/Cas9:","authors":"D. Rezaee, S. Hosseini, V. Jajarmi, M. Salehi","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V9I3.32155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V9I3.32155","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Background: Transgenic animals are genetically modified animals to create a specific trait that imitates an indication of pathogenesis in humans. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are implicated in immune regulation of the female reproductive tract and, subsequently, infertility rate. This study produced Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) knockout blastocysts with single-guide RNA targeting for Tlr4 by CRISPER/Cas9 technique. \u0000Materials and Methods: Web CRISPER design tools designed single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting Tlr4 gene were designed by web CRISPER design tools. Then, two strands of sgRNAs were cloned into a linearized vector for producing a gRNA-expressing eCAS9-GFP vector. The vector was then injected into the male pronucleus in the fertilized oocytes in vitro fertilization (IVF) and do polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. \u0000Results: Gene deletion with acceptable efficiency (38%, p<0.05) successfully was confirmed by sequencing and PCR analysis. \u0000Conclusion: Our result showed that the CRISPER/Cas9 technique is an effective knockout method in mouse zygotes, potentially producing disease animal models.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"3 1","pages":"132-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87946992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Result for SARS-CoV-2 RNA Test after a Long Time for the Patient with COVID-19 even after Discharge from the Hospital","authors":"M. Fazeli, Saman Pazira, Behzad Pourhossein, A. Rasooli, N. Ansari, F. Jalilian","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V9I3.35376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V9I3.35376","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ruthin's coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis is based on the positive result of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the nasal and oropharyngeal swab. However, chest CT scans can play an important role in diagnosing patients with COVID-19. \u0000Cases Report: In this study, we reported a 44 years old female with a mild form of the COVID-19 who showed a positive result for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA for 44 days after symptom onset. The suspected case was detected using real-time PCR. After two weeks of hospitalization, the patient was discharged, but her molecular tests were performed twice after one month and 44 days, and they remained positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. \u0000Conclusion: In theory, if the patient becomes re-infected or the virus reacts, these individuals may serve as a transmission source. So far, the only way to screen for possible reinfection has been by using PCR on separate specimens.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"200 1","pages":"152-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75914783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 infection control parameters in Iran: an epidemiological modeling :","authors":"Kourosh Eftekharian, H. Ardebili, Sepehr Eftekharian, A. Eftekharian","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V9I3.34051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V9I3.34051","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Background: We aimed to evaluate Iran's current COVID-19 infection, emphasizing the number of infection detection and the disease's reproductive number in its high peak in November and after the lockdown in December. \u0000Materials and Methods: Using the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Contact Tracing Evaluation and Strategic Support Application, we used the average weekly new cases and average case mortality in November and December 2020. The average case isolation and identification time (25%, Four days) and the average case contact within the household and community were entered into the application. We examined Two modeling systems with 50% and 70% case isolation for the November period as alternative scenarios for the current infection control rate. \u0000Results: Our modeling showed only 11% and 30% of the infections were detected in November and December. The disease's reproductive number is similar to the natural reproductive number of the disease (2-3) in November. The two models used to increase the rate of case isolation to 50% and 70% did not significantly change the reproductive number. \u0000Conclusion: The priority in Iran for COVID-19 infection control should be a dramatic increase in the number of testing to achieve the correct number of case detection and fulfill the contact tracing criteria to reduce the disease spread.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"62 1","pages":"118-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90695192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Self-Medication and Risk Factors among Medical Students in an Iranian University: a Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Masoud GhanbariBoroujeni, A. Ansari, Mohammad Ali Tasharrofi, F. Zabihi, Alireza Salimi Chilrani, Farima Khalili, Mohammad Reza Ghanbari Boroujeni, M. Nasiri","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V9I2.33247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V9I2.33247","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Self-medication with antibiotic is a widely prevalent practice all over the world especially among medical students. This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence and the pattern of self-medication among medical students in Tehran, Iran. \u0000Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among the undergraduate medical students from a referral university in Tehran, Iran. All data obtained were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences program (SPSS) version 20. \u0000Results: A total of 201 students were enrolled in the current study. According to the analysis, 129 (64.1%) of the study population reported that they have self-medicated with antibiotics at least once in their student life. The principal morbidities for seeking self-medication include cough and common cold (23.4%) followed by fever (14.9%). The most frequent antibiotics used to self-medicate the mentioned morbidities were: amoxicillin (62%), co-amoxiclav (19.4%), penicillin (17%), cefixime (16%), azithromycin (14%) and tetracycline (9%). The majority of the participants stated cost saving, convenience and lack of confidence as their reasons for self-medication. The drug selection was mostly based on opinion of family members (31.8%), their own experience (27.4%) and the least commonly reported was selection based on recommendation by net citizens (0.5%). \u0000Conclusion: Our study indicates that self-medication is widely practiced among students of the college. In this situation, the health care system should create as effective awareness and educate their students regarding advantages and disadvantages of self-medication.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"11 2 1","pages":"58-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77797455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of adding convalescent plasma therapy for treatment of COVID-19 patients with severe and critical symptoms: a descriptive study of 12 cases","authors":"S. Sali, S. Tehrani, A. Rodríguez-Morales, E. Lotfali, D. Yadegarynia, Sara Abolghasemi","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V9I2.32319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V9I2.32319","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Severe symptoms of COVID-19 could be actually life-threatening and fatal. No effective treatmenthas been proposed yet. Plasma from COVID19 recovered patients may be effective according to past similarstudies of some other viral infections.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the infectious disease ward of Shahid Labbafi NejadHospital (Tehran, Iran) from 3rd of April 2020 up until 3rd of May 2020. Clinical information for the 12 patients,before and after receiving convalescent plasma transfusion was obtained from a review of the hospital computermedical system retrospectively and analyzed.Results: Out of 12 patients with Covid-19 who received convalescent plasma, 7 patients were male (58.3%)and 5 were female (41.7%). The mean age of the patients was 52 years. Among them, 50% (n=6), improvedand discharged and the rest of them died. Mean O2 saturation of patients with final outcome of death anddischarged before plasma therapy were 67 (33%) and 77 (83%), respectively, an improvement, defining partialresolution of lesions of chest CT scan or stop in progression of infiltrations was detected in all of 6 dischargedpatients.Conclusion: Convalescent plasma may have effective role in improving O2 saturation, lymphopenia and CT scanlesions and also decreasing inflammatory factors of cases with severe manifestations but could not changeprognosis for critically ill patients. Therefore, an early administration of convalescent plasma may be helpful.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"39-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76669936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance and RAPD-PCR Genotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Strains Isolated from Intensive Care Unit Patients","authors":"M. Ghazi, H. Goudarzi, M. Dadashi, D. Maleki, Parisa Abedi Ilkhichi, M. Goudarzi, A. Bahramian, D. Yadegarynia, A. Yadegar","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V9I2.32774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V9I2.32774","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one the most important nosocomial pathogens, especially in immunocompromised patients. Identifying the source of contamination in health centers plays an important role in the control of hospital infections. The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic susceptibility and genetic patterns of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients hospitalized in intensive care unit of Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, Iran. \u0000Materials and Methods: Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was examined through 10 antibiotics recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, 2018) guidelines using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis with the short primer of 272 was used to evaluate genetic relationship among the isolates and the results were analyzed by Gelcompar II software. \u0000Results: Of the antibiotics used, the most sensitive was found in colistin (96.4%) and the highest resistance rates were observed in cefotaxime (94.6%), chloramphenicol (83.9%) and imipenem (71.4%). DNA fingerprinting was able to identify 12 genetic patterns by RAPD-PCR technique. \u0000Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance in isolates of P. aeruginosa is rising and there is possibility of occurring outbreaks in the medical centers. Different sources of strains show their constant exchange via intra- and extra-hospital transmission routes. Thus, according to the data of this study, there is a serious need to control sources of infections by physicians and staff when they are working in several sectors to control and prevent the transmission of the bacterium.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"52-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73174650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}