Novelty in Biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Heart Diseases Associated Genes","authors":"Fatemeh Zahedipour, R. Chegeni, Shivasadat Gheflat, B. Kazemi, M. Bandehpour","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.27931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.27931","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundHeart diseases are complex pathophysiologic conditions involving biomarkers. Understanding the mechanisms by which a gene selectively triggers intracellular molecular responses provide insight into the complex processes implicated in heart diseases. The aim of this study was to predict heart diseases associated genes.Materials and MethodsA number of computational methods have been developed for human gene prioritization. In this study, we used Beegle and KEGG pathway databases and two online services for gene prioritization and analysis of genes related to heart disease.ResultsOver 200 genes and 5 key signaling pathways related to human heart diseases were found. The processes in which gene mutations trigger a response in cells leading to cardiac conditions involve multiple pathways.ConclusionThe genes related to heart diseases could be CRP, NPPB, IL-6, ACE2 and GATA4 with high scores and the researchers should find the diagnostic biomarker between them.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"135-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89586653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome during Pregnancy: A Case Report","authors":"Maasoumeh Mirzamoradi, Nayyereh Rahmati, Ayda Khandani, Nahid Rezaei Aliabad, Yekta Parsa","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.24862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.24862","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological condition entity presenting with headache, confusion, seizure, altered mentation and loss of vision associated with white matter changes on imaging. The lesions in PRES are thought to be due to vasogenic edema, mainly in the posterior cerebral hemispheres. \u0000Cases Report: This study has reported a patient who developed PRES without any indicators for preeclampsia-eclampsia in her pregnancy. The patient’s brain images showed abnormal signal intensity in the occipital lobe. \u0000Conclusion: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is reversible when initial diagnosis established and suitable treatment start immediately.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"146-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87520471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of aerobic exercise on collagen type I and IV gene expression and collagen type I protein changes in the sciatic nerve of diabetic rats","authors":"Nahid Jalilian Hamed, R. Gharakhanlou, M. Peeri","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.29325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.29325","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Neuropathy is one of the complications of diabetes, probably due to the destruction of the extracellular matrix and the thickening of the peripheral nerve basement membrane. But its mechanisms and the impact of exercise on these disorders are not fully understood. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on collagen levels of type I and IV and collagen type I protein changes in the sciatic nerve of diabetic rats. \u0000Methods: Eighteen 10-week-old Wistar male rats weighing 250 ± 20 g were randomly divided into three groups of healthy control (n=6), diabetic (n=6) and diabetic + aerobic exercise (n=6). For this purpose, after introduction and adaptation of rats to new environment, diabetes was induced by single dose injection of dissolved streptozotocin in sodium citrate buffer at pH = 4.5 at 45 mg/kg intraperitoneally. After confirming neuropathic conditions (with behavioral tests), diabetic + exercise rats underwent moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on the treadmill for 8 week. At the beginning and at the end of the period, blood glucose of all rats was measured by glucometer and the mean of each group was measured Changes in collagen type I and IV gene expression and collagen type I protein levels in sciatic nerve of rats were evaluated by by PCR - Realtime technique and immunohistochemistry, respectively. \u0000Results: Diabetes increased collagen type I and IV gene expression and collagen type I protein levels in the sciatic nerve samples of rats. However, exercise reduced blood sugar levels and expression of collagen type I and IV genes (p=0.05) and collagen type I protein significantly reduced in sciatic nerve (p=0.001). \u0000Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that aerobic exercise as a non- pharmacological strategy by negative regulating type I and IV collagen factors at the gene and protein level, is able to control and inhibit the effects of diabetes on extracellular matrix components in the sciatic nerve. \u0000*Corresponding Author:Reza gharakhanlou, Department of exersice physiology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran,Iran, Email: ghara_ re@ modares.ac.ir","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"164-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84870294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-interventional Management of Coronary Artery Thrombosis","authors":"H. Saadat, Z. Taherpour","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.29766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.29766","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74941291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasopharyngeal Colonization and levofloxacin Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae among Healthcare Workers in a Teaching Hospital in Tehran, Iran","authors":"Maryam Samadpanah, L. Gachkar, S. Salarian, Fahimeh Hadavand","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.27790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.27790","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae commonly asymptomatically colonizes the human upper respiratory tract and the carriage rate varies between geographical regions. The colonized individuals are not only at risk of infections but also can be a source of transmission of the pathogen. The risk of the droplet or airborne transmission of pneumococcal strains healthcare workers is considerable.  The current study aimed to determine the extent of nasopharyngeal colonization with S. pneumoniae and their levofloxacin susceptibility at a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran. \u0000Materials and Methods: During a six-month period, the nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from 300 volunteer healthcare workers of Imam Hossein Hospital. Samples screened for S. pneumoniae using standard conventional biochemical methods. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of levofloxacin was determined using a commercially available strip antibiotic test according to the clinical laboratory standards institute (CLSI) guidelines. \u0000Results: A total of 19 (6.3%) enrolled healthcare workers were colonized with S. pneumoniae. Amongst the enrolled volunteers, nurses had a higher rate of pneumococcal colonization (47.3%) followed by interns (21%) and laboratory workers (15.8%). Our analysis revealed that there was a significant correlation between smoking and pneumococcal colonization. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that all of the isolates were susceptible to levofloxacin (MIC≤2 μg/ml). \u0000Conclusion: This low rate of pneumococcal colonization amongst healthcare professionals may be attributed to the low risk of horizontal transmission of severe pneumococcal infections in the hospital. Additionally, our findings indicated that levofloxacin was an effective antimicrobial agent for the treatment of pneumococcal infections.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"166 1","pages":"129-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78075085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of academic writing workshop in medical students using the kirkpatrick model","authors":"R. Ghasemi, M. Akbarilakeh, A. Fattahi, E. Lotfali","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.29824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.29824","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research is an important part of the clinical practice. In recent years, several workshops are held to teach research skills to medical students. Evaluating workshops determine that workshop content can lead to higher performance in individuals. The present study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of writing scientific papers workshop for medical students using Kirkpatrick’s model. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study using pretest-posttest design and face to face communication to assess the learning effect of the training intervention. Immediately after workshop, the participants filled out a satisfaction questionnaire for evaluation of level one. To assess level two, pretest and posttest questionnaire was used. To assess level three and four, number of students who started their first research project and who published their first research articles were considered for a 6 months’ period after workshop. Results: Based on our results, contributors’ gender and semester had no efficacy on knowledge improvement of the participants. Results of four levels of Kirkpatrick’s model showed all participants were satisfied from workshop and participation in this workshop has had a positive effect on participants’ knowledge about writing articles. Obviously, the workshop affect on transfer of knowledge to contributors and it leads to maintenance of change over time. Conclusion: Impressively the authors found strong evidence to validate that the training effect on students’ understanding of the research process, positively. Such courses enable medical students to investigate properly and improve their knowledge in their field. Therefore, universities must encourage medical students to participate in these workshops.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86951146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Candiduria: Prevalence, Identification of Isolated Candida Species and Trends in Antifungal Susceptibility in Hospitalized Patients","authors":"R. Ghasemi, M. Rabiei, E. Lotfali, Sara Abolghasemi, S. Ansari","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.26963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.26963","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary tract candidiasis is known as the most frequent nosocomial fungal infection worldwide. Some of the predisposing factors of candiduria are extensive use of broad-spectrum anti-fungal agents, diabetes mellitus, indwelling urinary catheter, corticosteroids and, immunosuppressive drugs. There are some antifungal agents available for the treatment of candiduria. In recent years, resistance to antifungal agents has been increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate different Candida species (sp.) that cause candiduria and their susceptibility pattern to antifungal agents in patients admitted to educational hospitals.Materials and Methods: Urine samples (n=200) were obtained; they were spread onto Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates. Plates were incubated at 37°C. Only specimens were considered as candiduria, which have a colony count of ≥104 CFU/mL colonies. Urine sediment was cultured in the CHROM agar Candida medium and incubated at 35°C for 48h. The cultures were evaluated based on color. PCR-RFLP was performed for a definite identification of Candida sp. In vitro antifungal susceptibility test of the Candida isolates against amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole was performed using the microdilution method, according to the standard CLSI guidelines, document M27-S3.Results: Molecular findings confirmed the result of the morphological method. Candiduria rate was 11.5% among our patients. According to CHROM agar Candida and PCR-RFLP, the most common species isolated was C. albicans (74%), followed by C. glabrata (26%). In vitro susceptibility tests of urinary Candida isolates to antifungals have been evaluated. All species were sensitive to amphotericin B. None of C. glabrata isolates were sensitive to fluconazole and itraconazole.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the importance of Candida sp. in urine samples from hospitalized patients. It was concluded that Candida sp. obtained from candiduria in patients had excellent activity against Amphotericin B. Whereas, resistance against Itraconazole (21.7%) and especially Fluconazole (26%) was significant.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"17 4 1","pages":"71-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83420935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The necessity of gastric mucosal biopsy in dyspeptic patients with normal upper endoscopy in Modarres hospital 2017-2018","authors":"Ramin Talaie, Mina Nickpour, R. Gholami","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V1I1.27469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V1I1.27469","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundConsidering the diagnostic and therapeutic costs of patients with dyspepsia and the importance of diagnosis during gastrointestinal malignancies, in this study, we investigated the necessity of gastric mucosal biopsy in dyspeptic patients with normal upper endoscopy in Modarres hospital and their 6 months follow up. We studied their endoscopic biopsies changes and some of the involved risk factors this duration.Materials and MethodsIn this clinical trial study, 115 patients with dyspepsia, were referred from gastroenterology clinic of Modarres hospital during 2017-2018, were evaluated. Patients were enrolled in a study that did not have any ulcer and mass or deep mucosal lesion in the early endoscopy Surface erosions were no exception and could be included. Five biopsy samples were obtained from different stomach sites. After the pathology results, the patients who had malignancy reports, excluded from the study and other patients were treated with anti-acid drugs and, if necessary, eradicated Helicobacter pylori. After 6 months, they were again subjected to endoscopy and biopsies were taken. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22.ResultsThe rate of Helicobacter pylori in patients with endoscopic dyspepsia without mucosal lesions after 6 months of treatment was reduced compared to pre-treatment p<0.05, 20.9% vs 12.2%. The severity of chronic gastritis mild to moderate in patients with endoscopic dyspepsia without mucosal lesions after 6 months of treatment was reduced compared to pre-treatment p<0.05, 89.6% vs 80%. There was a significant difference between metaplasia in patients with endoscopic dyspepsia without mucosal lesions before and 6 months after treatment p<0.05, 33%, vs 20%. Female gender, negative family history of GI cancer and not using alcohol were factors that significantly improved the results of biopsy chronic gastritis/ H. pylori /metaplasia after 6 months.ConclusionRegarding the reduction in the severity of chronic gastritis, Helicobacter pylori and metaplasia in this group of patients after 6 months of treatment, it is recommended that refraining from unnecessary follow-up and biopsy and imposing cost to the patient and the medical system and be limited to high-risk groups.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"77-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83826675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Abortion Decision-Making Conflict in Pregnant Women Seeking Legal Abortion","authors":"Farideh Khodabandeh, Vida Kahani","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V8I2.30909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V8I2.30909","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundWoman's decision-making for abortion entails understanding and assessing those options in the context of her unique situation, feelings, aspirations and beliefs. The objective of this study was to examine decision–making conflict and all relevant factors, among women seeking legal abortion authorization letter, referred to Legal Medical Centre in Tehran.Materials and MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, decision-making conflict assessed using the decisional conflict scale (DCS) among 282 pregnant women in their first trimester. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were undertaken to describe and explore collected data.ResultsEligible women requesting legal abortion were mostly in age group 25-34 years old (50.4% .142, M=31.55, SD=6.1, ranging from 17 - 46 years). They were mostly in gestational age<16 weeks, (212, 75.2%), with average 14.67 (SD=3.51), range 15.0 weeks (4-19 weeks). Some decision conflict (DCS score 25 or greater) was experienced by 182 (64.5%) participants.ConclusionWomen seeking legal abortion may go against their own sense of right and wrong. They deserve pre-abortion consulting to deal with conflict and negative effects in decision-making.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80796173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which Test to Perform for Cystic hydatic Diagnosis and When","authors":"Zahra Arab-Mazar, Sara Rahmati Roodsari","doi":"10.22037/NBM.V8I2.29788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/NBM.V8I2.29788","url":null,"abstract":"Echinococcosis is one of the 17 neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) recognized by the World Health Organization. The two major species of medical importance are Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis (1).There are many studies about diagnostic method of hydatidosis, but there is still the question that which test to perform and when.","PeriodicalId":19372,"journal":{"name":"Novelty in Biomedicine","volume":"65 1","pages":"101-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85253540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}