Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment最新文献

{"title":"The CMS barrel timing layer: test beam confirmation of module timing performance","authors":"F. Addesa ,&nbsp;P. Akrap ,&nbsp;A. Albert ,&nbsp;B. Allmond ,&nbsp;T. Anderson ,&nbsp;J. Babbar ,&nbsp;D. Baranyai ,&nbsp;P. Barria ,&nbsp;C. Basile ,&nbsp;A. Benaglia ,&nbsp;A. Benato ,&nbsp;M. Benettoni ,&nbsp;M. Besancon ,&nbsp;N. Bez ,&nbsp;S. Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;R. Bianco ,&nbsp;D. Blend ,&nbsp;A. Boletti ,&nbsp;A. Bornheim ,&nbsp;R. Bugalho ,&nbsp;G. Zilizi","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>First of its kind, the barrel section of the MIP Timing Detector is a large area timing detector based on LYSO:Ce crystals and SiPMs which are required to operate in an unprecedentedly harsh radiation environment (up to an integrated fluence of <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>14</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> 1 MeV <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>eq</mi></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>cm</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>). It is designed as a key element of the upgrade of the existing CMS detector to provide a time resolution for minimum ionizing particles in the range between 30–60 ps throughout the entire operation at the High Luminosity LHC. A thorough optimization of its components has led to the final detector module layout which exploits 25 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>m cell size SiPMs and 3.75 mm thick crystals. This design achieved the target performance in a series of test beam campaigns. In this paper we present test beam results which demonstrate the desired performance of detector modules in terms of radiation tolerance, time resolution and response uniformity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1081 ","pages":"Article 170823"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New detector development and performance evaluation for KamLAND2-Zen experiment","authors":"Jun Nakane","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To prove the Mayorana nature of neutrinos, the KamLAND-Zen experiment is searching for neutrinoless double beta (<span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mi>ν</mi><mi>β</mi><mi>β</mi></mrow></math></span>) decays. The KamLAND-Zen 800 experiment phase used one of the world’s most sensitive detectors, the KamLAND detector, and a <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mi>ν</mi><mi>β</mi><mi>β</mi></mrow></math></span> decay nucleus, 745 kg of enriched xenon and we measured until 2024. We then set the world’s most stringent limits on the lower half-life of <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mi>ν</mi><mi>β</mi><mi>β</mi></mrow></math></span> decay and the upper limit of the effective Mayolana mass. This experiment is currently being upgraded to the next-generation detector KamLAND2 detector to further improve sensitivity. Because we needed to test these upgrades before installing KamLAND2 detector, we constructed a prototype detector and tested high quantum efficiency photomultiplier tubes (HQE-PMTs), light-collection Winston Cone mirrors on the HQE-PMTs, and high emission liquid scintillator. The evaluation results of the detector’s light yield showed that the installation of light-collection mirrors alone can increase the light yield by a factor 1.7 to 2.6. Furthermore, the results also showed remarkable stability within the margin of error over a long period of about one year. However, several hardware problems were identified. One of these problems was that the mirrors of adjacent HQE-PMTs contacted each other, and the entirety of those mirrors were severely distorted. Based on this, we decided to use a flexible film mirror for the mirror contact area. The new mirror was shown to avoid significant distortion in an installation test using a model, and we plan to conduct an installation test and detailed performance evaluation using the actual mirror in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1081 ","pages":"Article 170850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High efficiency veto hadron calorimeter in the NA64 experiment at CERN","authors":"Yu. M. Andreev ,&nbsp;A. Antonov ,&nbsp;M.A. Ayala Torres ,&nbsp;D. Banerjee ,&nbsp;B. Banto Oberhauser ,&nbsp;V. Bautin ,&nbsp;J. Bernhard ,&nbsp;P. Bisio ,&nbsp;M. Bondì ,&nbsp;A. Celentano ,&nbsp;N. Charitonidis ,&nbsp;P. Crivelli ,&nbsp;A.V. Dermenev ,&nbsp;S.V. Donskov ,&nbsp;R.R. Dusaev ,&nbsp;T. Enik ,&nbsp;V.N. Frolov ,&nbsp;S.V. Gertsenberger ,&nbsp;S. Girod ,&nbsp;S.N. Gninenko ,&nbsp;A.S. Zhevlakov","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NA64 is a fixed-target experiment at the CERN SPS designed to search for Light particle Dark Matter (LDM) candidates with masses in the sub-GeV range. During the 2016–2022 runs, the experiment obtained the world-leading constraints, leaving, however, part of the well-motivated region of parameter space suggested by benchmark LDM models still unexplored. To further improve sensitivity, as part of the upgrades to the setup of NA64 at the CERN SPS H4 beamline, a prototype veto hadron calorimeter (VHCAL) was installed in the downstream region of the experiment during the 2023 run. The VHCAL, made of Cu-Sc layers, was expected to be an efficient veto against upstream electroproduction of large-angle hadrons or photon–nuclear interactions, reducing the background from secondary particles escaping the detector acceptance. With the collected statistics of <span><math><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>11</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> electrons on target (EOT), we demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by rejecting this background by more than an order of magnitude. This result provides an essential input for designing a full-scale optimized VHCAL to continue running background-free during LHC Run 4, when we expect to collect <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>13</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> EOT. Furthermore, this technique combined with improvements in the analysis enables us to decrease our missing energy threshold from <span><math><mrow><mn>50</mn><mspace></mspace><mstyle><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>V</mi></mstyle></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>40</mn><mspace></mspace><mstyle><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>V</mi></mstyle></mrow></math></span>, thereby enhancing the signal sensitivity of NA64.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1081 ","pages":"Article 170830"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operational experience and performance of the Silicon Vertex Detector after the first long shutdown of Belle II","authors":"K. Ravindran ,&nbsp;K. Adamczyk ,&nbsp;H. Aihara ,&nbsp;S. Bacher ,&nbsp;S. Bahinipati ,&nbsp;J. Baudot ,&nbsp;P.K. Behera ,&nbsp;S. Bettarini ,&nbsp;T. Bilka ,&nbsp;A. Bozek ,&nbsp;F. Buchsteiner ,&nbsp;G. Casarosa ,&nbsp;C. Cheshta ,&nbsp;L. Corona ,&nbsp;S.B. Das ,&nbsp;G. Dujany ,&nbsp;C. Finck ,&nbsp;F. Forti ,&nbsp;M. Friedl ,&nbsp;A. Gabrielli ,&nbsp;F. Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2024, the Belle II experiment resumed data taking after the Long Shutdown 1, which was required to install a two-layer pixel detector and upgrade accelerator components. We describe the challenges of this shutdown and the operational experience thereafter. With new data, the silicon-strip vertex detector (SVD) confirmed the high hit efficiency, the large signal-to-noise ratio, and the excellent cluster position resolution. In the coming years, the SuperKEKB peak luminosity is expected to increase to its target value, resulting in a larger SVD occupancy caused by beam background. Considerable efforts have been made to improve SVD reconstruction software by exploiting the excellent SVD hit-time resolution to determine the collision time and reject off-time particle hits. A novel procedure to group SVD hits event-by-event, based on their time, has been developed using the grouping information during reconstruction, significantly reducing the fake rate while preserving the tracking efficiency. The front-end chip (APV25) is operated in the “multi-peak” mode, which reads six samples. A 3/6-mixed acquisition mode, based on the timing precision of the trigger, reduces background occupancy, trigger dead-time, and data size. Studies of the radiation damage show that the SVD performance will not seriously degrade during the detector’s lifetime, despite moderate radiation-induced increases in sensor current and strip noise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1081 ","pages":"Article 170834"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VENDETA: VErsatile Neutron DETector Array, a new high-resolution neutron time-of-flight measurement array","authors":"O. Syrett ,&nbsp;C. Lenain ,&nbsp;B. Mauss ,&nbsp;J. Taieb ,&nbsp;P. Morfouace ,&nbsp;A. Chatillon ,&nbsp;D. Etasse","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The VErsatile Neutron DETector Array (VENDETA) is a high-resolution time-of-flight array for neutron detection. VENDETA’s liquid scintillator detectors offer a high intrinsic efficiency for neutron detection from 100<!--> <!-->keV to 20<!--> <!-->MeV, as well as neutron-<span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> discrimination capabilities down to 10<!--> <!-->keVee. VENDETA was specifically designed for versatility and is relevant for a wide range of physics measurements, from prompt fission neutron spectra measurements to neutron spectroscopy studies, such as elastic and inelastic neutron scattering measurements. VENDETA was first deployed at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. This article will provide a detailed overview of its characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1081 ","pages":"Article 170824"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple combined-objective optimization method for coil configuration of air-core multi-coil magnet systems","authors":"Tsun Him Chong,&nbsp;Mitsuhiro Fukuda,&nbsp;Tetsuhiko Yorita,&nbsp;Hiroki Kanda","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the high current density of high temperature superconducting magnet, it is possible for accelerator magnets to generate sufficiently strong magnetic field without using any iron core. A new optimization method is proposed for this kind of air-core system. This method combine Biot–Savart law and gradient descent method to determine the coil position, geometry and applied current at once, to obtain high accuracy magnetic field and small superconductor usage in the same time. The balance between high field accuracy and low superconductor usage can be adjusted by optimizing the weighting parameter properly. An example of using this method on a cyclotron is given, to show that the optimization can be performed under complicated spatial and current limitation. This optimization method is fast, and can be performed easily using python package without using any high level optimization or calculation technique. With its simplicity and speed, this optimization can be used for various air-core magnet design in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1081 ","pages":"Article 170826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation-resistant thin LGADs for enhanced 4D tracking","authors":"A.R. Altamura ,&nbsp;R.S. White ,&nbsp;M. Ferrero ,&nbsp;L. Anderlini ,&nbsp;R. Arcidiacono ,&nbsp;G. Borghi ,&nbsp;M. Boscardin ,&nbsp;N. Cartiglia ,&nbsp;M. Centis Vignali ,&nbsp;T. Croci ,&nbsp;F. Davolio ,&nbsp;M. Durando ,&nbsp;A. Fondacci ,&nbsp;S. Galletto ,&nbsp;L. Lanteri ,&nbsp;L. Menzio ,&nbsp;A. Morozzi ,&nbsp;D. Passeri ,&nbsp;N. Pastrone ,&nbsp;F. Siviero ,&nbsp;V. Sola","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This contribution presents the results of an R&amp;D study on the EXFLU1 batch, a novel concept of thin Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) designed to achieve improved timing resolution and radiation tolerance up to 25 × 10¹⁴ n<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mtext>eq</mtext></mrow></msub></math></span>cm⁻². Sensors with different thicknesses (15, 20, 30, and <span><math><mrow><mn>45</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>) have been explored. New designs for the gain layer and guard ring structure have been investigated, along with two different doping activation methods. The sensors have been irradiated up to 25 × 10¹⁴ n<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mtext>eq</mtext></mrow></msub></math></span>cm⁻² and characterised in terms of current, capacitance, and gain to assess their radiation tolerance. Finally, <span><math><mrow><mn>30</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> LGADs were tested in a 4 GeV electron beam to evaluate their timing resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1081 ","pages":"Article 170799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radionuclide production for dose verification in VHEE FLASH radiotherapy","authors":"Francesco Urso ,&nbsp;Federica Baffigi ,&nbsp;Esther Ciarrocchi ,&nbsp;Leonida Antonio Gizzi ,&nbsp;Petra Koester ,&nbsp;Luca Labate ,&nbsp;Matteo Morrocchi ,&nbsp;Simona Piccinini ,&nbsp;Martina Salvadori ,&nbsp;Maria Giuseppina Bisogni","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the production of radionuclides in a PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate) phantom irradiated with Very High Energy Electrons (VHEE) beams as a novel method for dose verification. In this work, Monte Carlo simulation studies using the Geant4 toolkit and experimental measurements with a VHEE beam produced by a laser-plasma accelerator were conducted. Specifically, the photonuclear production of ¹¹C, ¹⁵O and ¹³N is examined, with a detailed analysis of their spatial distribution, production yields and decay time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1081 ","pages":"Article 170832"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gain suppression in LGAD detectors under focused and defocused femtosecond laser beam","authors":"Danijela Mrkić ,&nbsp;Gordana Laštovička-Medin ,&nbsp;Miloš Manojlović ,&nbsp;Gregor Kramberger ,&nbsp;Mateusz Rebarz","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) are particle detectors with a moderate gain (<span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span> 50) optimized for high energy physics experiments. Gain in these sensors is controlled by bias voltage but it depends also on the other factors such as temperature and charge density generated in the gain layer. When the laser pulses are used to study LGADs, charge density strongly depends on the beam parameters. The same laser intensity can induce different charge density across the gain layer if the focusing parameters vary. It is known that higher ionization densities cause reduction of the gain and this effect has been already investigated. Here, we present extension of the previous gain suppression studies investigating not only spatial, but also temporal distribution of the laser pulses. In addition, we demonstrate gain suppression effect at two different wavelengths commonly used in characterization of the silicon detectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1081 ","pages":"Article 170844"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next generation multi-element monolithic Germanium detectors for spectroscopy: First integration at ESRF facility","authors":"N. Goyal ,&nbsp;S. Aplin ,&nbsp;A. Balerna ,&nbsp;P. Bell ,&nbsp;J. Casas ,&nbsp;M. Cascella ,&nbsp;S. Chatterji ,&nbsp;C. Cohen ,&nbsp;E. Collet ,&nbsp;P. Fajardo ,&nbsp;E.N. Gimenez ,&nbsp;H. Graafsma ,&nbsp;H. Hiresmann ,&nbsp;F.J. Iguaz ,&nbsp;K. Klementiv ,&nbsp;K. Kolodjiez ,&nbsp;L. Manzanillas ,&nbsp;T. Martin ,&nbsp;R.H. Menk ,&nbsp;M. Porro ,&nbsp;E. Welter","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <span>XAFS-DET</span> work package of the European <span>LEAPS-INNOV</span> project is developing high-purity Germanium detectors for synchrotron applications requiring spectroscopic-grade response. The detectors integrate three key features: (1) newly designed monolithic Germanium sensors optimized to mitigate charge-sharing events, (2) an improved cooling and mechanical design structure supported by thermal simulations, and (3) complete electronic chain featuring a low-noise <span>CMOS</span> technology based preamplifier, enabling high X-ray count rate capability over a broad energy range (5–100 keV). This paper discusses the first integration and characterization of one of the two multi-element Ge detectors at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (<span>ESRF</span>). The integration phase included validating high-throughput front-end electronics, integrating them with the Ge sensor, and operating them at liquid nitrogen temperature, in addition to the experimental characterization, which consists of electronics noise study and spectroscopic performance evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1081 ","pages":"Article 170835"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}