Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment最新文献

{"title":"Thermal cycling of InGaP radiation detectors for a CubeSat mission","authors":"C.S. Bodie ,&nbsp;A.M. Barnett","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two Indium Gallium Phosphide (In_0.5Ga_0.5P, InGaP) semiconductor radiation detectors (p⁺-i-n⁺ photodiodes, one 110 μm diameter and one 400 μm diameter) intended to be used on a CubeSat mission to explore the radiation environment in low earth orbit have been thermally cycled between −50 °C and +150 °C a total of 663 times. The performance of the devices was investigated as a function of number of temperature cycles. It was demonstrated that the detectors, their wirebonds, and their packaging survived the cycling with their performance intact. At the end of the thermal cycling the devices’ i layers remained fully depleted (at reverse bias, <em>V</em>_<em>R</em>, = 10 V), leakage currents were reduced, and the energy resolutions of the 110 μm and the 400 μm device improved from 910 eV ± 20 eV and 1320 eV ± 40 eV to870 eV ± 20 eV and 1210 eV ± 40 eV, respectively. This suggested that degradation of the detectors due to thermal cycling in orbit is unlikely to occur over a nominal 31 day mission in which approximately 500 thermal cycles may be expected. The work did not examine the effects of vacuum or radiation damage on the detectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HSTD13 - Development and application of semiconductor tracking detectors","authors":"Luise Poley ((Managing Guest Editor), Guest editor),&nbsp;Javier Fernandez-Tejero (Guest editor),&nbsp;Suen Hou (Guest editor),&nbsp;Katherine Pachal (Guest editor),&nbsp;Yoshinobu Unno (Guest editor),&nbsp;Jianchun Wang (Guest editor)","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First studies on cascaded dual-phase liquid hole-multipliers in xenon","authors":"G. Martínez-Lema ,&nbsp;A. Roy ,&nbsp;A. Breskin ,&nbsp;L. Arazi","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Challenges in scaling up noble-liquid time projection chambers prompted the exploration of new detection concepts. The liquid hole-multiplier (LHM) was introduced as a potential component, enabling the detection of ionization electrons and VUV photons. Prior studies focused on perforated electrodes coated with CsI immersed in the liquid and electroluminescence amplification produced on a bubble trapped underneath. However, the performance was hindered by electron transfer across the liquid-gas interface. Here, we explored a bubble-free variant, placing a CsI-coated Thick Gas Electron Multiplier electrode below the liquid-gas interface to improve the transfer efficiency across it. Results show <span><math><mo>&gt;</mo></math></span>5-fold improvement in the S1’/S2 ratio (a proxy for the photon detection efficiency (PDE)) compared to the bubble-assisted LHM. Although the achieved PDE is still below expectation (<span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>4%), we propose potential improvements to enhance the performance of this detector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170366"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging and spectral performance of a wide-gap CdTe double-sided strip detector","authors":"Shunsaku Nagasawa ,&nbsp;Takahiro Minami ,&nbsp;Shin Watanabe ,&nbsp;Tadayuki Takahashi","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fourth flight of the Focusing Optics X-ray Solar Imager sounding rocket experiment (FOXSI-4) aimed to achieve the first imaging spectroscopic observations of mid-to-large class (<span><math><mo>≥</mo></math></span> GOES C5 class) solar flares, in contrast to the previous three flights that targeted relatively quiet regions of the Sun. To meet the emerging requirements for hard X-ray focal plane detectors for providing simultaneous diagnostics of spectrally (<span><math><mrow><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> keV FWHM) and spatially (<span><math><mrow><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>50</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>) separated coronal and chromospheric emissions from solar flares, we developed a new strip-configuration detector called the wide-gap CdTe semiconductor double-sided strip detector (CdTe-DSD).</div><div>The wide-gap CdTe-DSD employs a unique design principle to enhance position resolution. This enhancement is realized by expanding the gaps between electrodes to induce charge-sharing across adjacent strip electrodes and using this sharing energy information for position reconstruction to a level finer than the strip-pitch. However, the detector response becomes complex and requires consideration of various factors, such as the charge loss due to wider gaps and the dependence on the depth of photon interaction. Thus, we developed an energy reconstruction method that fully leverages the energy information between adjacent strips and from both the cathode and anode sides, achieving an energy resolution of 0.75 keV (FWHM) at 14 keV. Furthermore, we conducted an X-ray scanning experiment using a synchrotron beam at Spring-8 to evaluate the detector response with a fine scale of 10 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>. Based on these results, we established a sub-strip position reconstruction method, demonstrating that X-rays interacting at the center of the gap can be determined with an accuracy of 20 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>, and even those at the strip center can be determined with an accuracy of 50 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coherent radiation in axially oriented industrial-grade tungsten crystals: A viable path for an innovative γ-rays and positron sources","authors":"N. Canale ,&nbsp;M. Romagnoni ,&nbsp;A. Sytov ,&nbsp;F. Alharthi ,&nbsp;S. Bertelli ,&nbsp;S. Carsi ,&nbsp;I. Chaikovska ,&nbsp;R. Chehab ,&nbsp;D. De Salvador ,&nbsp;P. Fedeli ,&nbsp;V. Guidi ,&nbsp;V. Haurylavets,&nbsp;G. Lezzani ,&nbsp;L. Malagutti ,&nbsp;S. Mangiacavalli ,&nbsp;A. Mazzolari ,&nbsp;P. Monti-Guarnieri ,&nbsp;R. Negrello ,&nbsp;G. Paternò ,&nbsp;L. Perna ,&nbsp;L. Bandiera","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is well known that the alignment of an high-energy electron beam with specific crystal directions leads to a significant increase of the coherent radiation emission. This enhancement can be exploited to create an intense photon source. An elective application is an innovative positron source design for future lepton colliders. Such scheme takes advantage of lattice coherent effects by employing a high-Z crystalline radiator, followed by an amorphous metallic converter, to generate positrons via a two-step electromagnetic process. Additional applications can be in neutron production through photo-transmutation and radionuclide generation via photo-nuclear reactions. In this work, we present experimental results obtained from beam tests at CERN’s PS facility using commercial industrial-grade tungsten crystals. The obtained results demonstrate the robust performance of industrial-grade radiators, even with their inherent imperfections, suggesting that it is possible to simplify the supply process and it is not strictly necessary to rely on highly specialized research infrastructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and testing of microfocus pulsed X-ray source","authors":"Jiaxin Bai ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Liu ,&nbsp;Junxu Mu ,&nbsp;Sheng Lai ,&nbsp;Hao Yu ,&nbsp;Ao Xia ,&nbsp;Kang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pulsed X-ray sources have applications in laser additive manufacturing monitoring, high-speed X-ray imaging, distributed pulsed X-ray systems, X-ray elastic imaging, and X-ray communication. In this paper, we propose a hot-cathode pulsed micro-focus X-ray source (PMFX) with multiple focusing electrodes. The source has been optimized using the CST-MATLAB joint simulation method, with the objective of achieving small focal spot, high tube current, low cut-off voltage, and excellent modulation performance. Simulation results show that the focal spot of the PMFX can be reduced to 45 μm × 25 μm and 6 μm × 20 μm at cut-off voltages of −11 V and −23 V, respectively, with corresponding relative tube currents of 35% and 48%. The current, pulse performance, and focal spot size of the structure with two focusing electrodes were tested in a dynamic vacuum system. The minimum effective focal spot was measured to be 285 μm × 53 μm at 25 kV, with an anode current of 98 μA, consistent with the trend observed in the simulation results. Additionally, an X-ray pulse frequency of 840 kHz was achieved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the evolution of population levels of transverse energy in axial channeling of weakly relativistic positrons in hexagonal crystals","authors":"N.V. Maksyuta,&nbsp;V.I. Vysotskii,&nbsp;D.N. Maksyuta,&nbsp;S.V. Efimenko","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the work, as a result of numerical solution of the system of kinetic equations for beams of weakly relativistic positrons with angular dispersions <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>θ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0.2</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1.0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5.0</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>mrad</mtext></mrow></math></span> and with Lorentz-factors <span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>20</mn></mrow></math></span> (channeled along the <em>c</em>-axes in hexagonal crystals of Be, Mg, Sc, Ti, Co, Zn, Se, Y, Zr, Tc, Ru, Cd, Te, La) the populations of quantum levels of transverse energy were determined as functions of the longitudinal coordinate. Based on these data, the functions of radial profiles at different distances from the channel entrance were calculated and the dechanneling lengths were determined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of the 13.5 MHz kicking cavity at the entrance of the bunch compressor for a new planned high intensity neutron source","authors":"Fuyu Yang ,&nbsp;Minwen Wang ,&nbsp;Yihua Yan ,&nbsp;Xin Zhuo ,&nbsp;Mingze Tuo ,&nbsp;Wei Lyu ,&nbsp;Wolong Liu ,&nbsp;Baichuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingzi Xing ,&nbsp;Zhongming Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A kicking cavity working at an ultralow resonant frequency has been proposed as the key component at the entrance of the bunch compressor for a newly planned neutron source. This neutron source currently under construction at the Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology is designed to generate short neutron pulses at high intensity and repetition rates. With the development of the High Intensity Neutron Source which is a combined facility of a 100 mA-162.5 MHz-30 MeV proton linac and the 1 ns bunch compressor, a 13.5 MHz proof-of-principle kicking cavity was designed. In the light of the theoretical analysis, an effective way to accomplish the target frequency is increasing the equivalent inductance and capacitance. Subsequently, a new structure incorporating a pair of deflecting plates, a coil and an insulating holder was developed. By optimizing its geometry, cavity’s radio frequency properties have been improved with a focus on inductance, stray capacitance, frequency sensitivity, rf electric breakdown and power dissipation. The trajectories and transverse phase space were simulated, confirming that the beam could be deflected smoothly through the cavity with the maximum kicking angle. A model cavity was then fabricated, surface treated and cold tested. Finally, a comparative analysis of theoretical estimation, simulated and tested results is conducted to corroborate the consistency of the outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation of charging up, accumulation of space charge and formation of discharges","authors":"Purba Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Promita Roy ,&nbsp;Tanay Dey ,&nbsp;Jaydeep Datta ,&nbsp;Prasant K. Rout ,&nbsp;Nayana Majumdar ,&nbsp;Supratik Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging and stability of gaseous ionization detectors are intricately related to charging up, accumulation of space charge and formation of discharges. All these phenomena, in their turn, depend on the dynamics of charged particles within the device. Because of the large number of particles involved and their complex interactions, the dynamic processes of generation and loss of charged particles, and their transport within the detector volume are extremely expensive to simulate numerically. In this work, we propose and evaluate possible algorithms/approaches that show some promise in relation to the above-mentioned problems. Several important ionization detectors having parallel plate configurations, such as GEM, Micromegas, RPCs and THGEMs, are considered for this purpose. Information related to primary ionization is obtained from HEED, while all the transport properties are evaluated using MAGBOLTZ. The transport dynamics have been followed using two different approaches. In one, particle description using neBEM-Garfield++ combination has been used. For this purpose, the neBEM solver has been significantly improved such that perturbations due to the charged particles present within the device are considered while estimating electric field. In the other approach, the transport is simulated following hydrodynamic model using COMSOL during which the electric field is also provided by COMSOL where it is easy to set up space charge effects. A comparison between these possible approaches will be presented. Effect of different simulation parameters will also be demonstrated using simple examples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of a compact nanodosimetric detector","authors":"Irina Kempf ,&nbsp;Tamara Melina Hoffmann ,&nbsp;Jürgen Besserer ,&nbsp;Uwe Schneider","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanodosimetry has the goal of modelling the biological effectiveness of different radiation qualities by using physical quantities based on ionization cluster size distributions. With the <strong>F</strong>requency of <strong>I</strong>on <strong>Re</strong>gistration (FIRE) detector a compact nanodosimeter was built and tested. Within the FIRE detector, an alpha particle ionizes propane gas molecules, which drift towards a dielectric plate hole. Inside the hole they are accelerated strongly towards the cathode and produce an electron avalanche through impact ionization. The process is similar to that of Gaseous Electron Multipliers (GEM), although positive ions are detected. However, there are several limitations with the original design, such as vacuum seal issues, fixed anode height and limited data acquisition capabilities. Consequently, an improved prototype FIRE-V2 was developed to address these constraints, along with a completely new data acquisition system. The sensitive detector volume was measured experimentally with FIRE-V2 by shifting the alpha beam laterally relative to the dielectric plate hole. Furthermore, with the new data acquisition system the signal amplitude and area as a function of experimental parameters, such as drift and cathode voltage and gas pressure were studied and compared to previous simulations.</div><div>The results presented in this work offer further insights into the inner workings of the FIRE-V2 detector and the sensitive volume of the detector was measured for the first time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}