Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment最新文献

{"title":"Measurement of the resolution of the Timepix4 detector for 100keV and 200keV electrons for transmission electron microscopy","authors":"N. Dimova ,&nbsp;R. Plackett ,&nbsp;D. Weatherill ,&nbsp;D. Wood ,&nbsp;L. O’Ryan ,&nbsp;G. Crevatin ,&nbsp;J.S. Barnard ,&nbsp;M. Gallagher-Jones ,&nbsp;D. Hynds ,&nbsp;R. Goldsbrough ,&nbsp;I. Shipsey ,&nbsp;D. Bortoletto ,&nbsp;A. Kirkland","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have evaluated the imaging capabilities of the Timepix4 hybrid silicon pixel detector for <span><math><mrow><mn>100</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>keV</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>200</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>keV</mi></mrow></math></span> electrons in a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Using the knife-edge method, we have measured the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) at both energies. Our results show a decrease in MTF response at Nyquist (spatial) frequency, dropping from approximately 0.16 at <span><math><mrow><mn>100</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>keV</mi></mrow></math></span> to 0.0046 at <span><math><mrow><mn>200</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>keV</mi></mrow></math></span>. However, by using the <em>temporal</em> structure of the detected events, including the arrival time and amplitude provided by the Timepix4, we enhanced the spatial discrimination of electron arrival. This approach improved the MTF at Nyquist by factors of 2.12 for <span><math><mrow><mn>100</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>keV</mi></mrow></math></span> and 3.16 for <span><math><mrow><mn>200</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>keV</mi></mrow></math></span>. These findings demonstrate that the blurring effects caused by extended electron trajectories within the sensing layer can be partially corrected in the image data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of generation of twisted photons in elliptic undulators","authors":"O.V. Bogdanov,&nbsp;S.V. Bragin","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The generation of twisted photons during the motion of relativistic electrons in elliptical undulators has been studied. The influence of undulator ellipticity on the radiation intensity of twisted photons, asymmetry and selection rules when the undulator operates in the dipole and wiggler regime is investigated. Numerical calculations for prospective and existing elliptical undulators are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The development and application of k0-standardization method of neutron activation analysis at Es-Salam research reactor” [Nuclear Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A: Accelerat. Spectrom. Detect. Associat. Equip. 556 (1) (2006) 386–390]","authors":"L. Hamidatou Alghem ,&nbsp;M. Ramdhane ,&nbsp;S. Khaled ,&nbsp;T. Akhal","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170340","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1074 ","pages":"Article 170340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-speed electronics system with timing and amplitude signal acquisition design for multi-channel CdZnTe Array Detector","authors":"Zhe Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiufeng Weng ,&nbsp;Shiquan Fan ,&nbsp;Ruiqi Min ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Xiao Liu ,&nbsp;Xinjian Tan ,&nbsp;Zhongliang Li ,&nbsp;Guohe Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a High-Speed Electronics System with Timing and Amplitude Signal Acquisition Design for Multi-channel Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CdZnTe) Array Detector. The readout channel comprises preamplifiers, post-amplification stages, peak hold and detection circuits, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), time-to-digital converters (TDC), and calibration circuits. In circuit design, a differential voltage amplifier (DVA) is used as the preamplifier in order to achieve similar performance to that of the Charge Sensitive Amplifier (CSA) while decreasing the design cost and complexity, and the peak hold circuit employs a Schottky diode with RC to achieve a high signal throughput. The results of the tests demonstrate that the typical signal output from the CdZnTe detector is within 10 ns of the rising edge after amplification and has a signal throughput rate of 1 MCPS. The system was irradiated using an X-ray Generator with a pulse width of 50 ns, and the resulting 9-channel envelope half-width is at 40.5 ns, which is in line with the actual pulse width.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards sustainable RPC detectors: Exploring CO2-based gas mixtures for CERN LHC experiments","authors":"Gianluca Rigoletti ,&nbsp;Roberto Guida ,&nbsp;Beatrice Mandelli ,&nbsp;Mattia Verzeroli ,&nbsp;Stefania A. Juks","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resistive Plate Chamber detectors at the CERN LHC experiments use a Freon-based gas mixture containing R-134a and SF<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, high global warming potential greenhouse gases. To minimize greenhouse gas emissions and expenses and optimize RPC performance, it is crucial to research new environmentally friendly gas mixtures. This study aims to understand the properties of adding CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> to the standard gas mixture as a medium-term solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The gas mixtures tested were chosen to be compatible with the current CERN HPL RPC systems. Detector performance, operational costs, and emissions are key characteristics considered in this research, focused on the potential use of CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-based gas mixtures in the ATLAS RPC system during LHC Run 3. This research is conducted at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility, where a 12 TBq <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>137</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>Cs source and a muon beam allow emulating the background radiation experienced in the LHC experiments. The set up consists of five, 2 mm single-gap HPL RPCs located on three different positions, placed respectively outside the irradiation bunker, at 5 m and 12 m from the gamma source.</div><div>The detectors inside the bunker are continuously irradiated for long-term performance studies, aiming to reach the integrated charge expected for ATLAS RPC detectors in LHC Run 3 and for the future High Luminosity LHC phase. Monitoring is performed with various metrics: gas analysis, oxygen, humidity, dose, environmental parameters, and flow measurements to ensure the correct operation of the gas system. Throughout the study, three test beam periods are used to evaluate the muon performance parameters for the targeted gas mixtures: efficiency, current, streamer probability, mean prompt charge, cluster size, and time resolution. Preliminary aging tests with the addition of 30% CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> show performances closely aligned with the Standard Gas Mixture. In addition to long-term studies, muon beam performance was evaluated with higher amounts of CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> in the mixture, aiming at further reducing the consumption of R-134a.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental evidence of the zero-degree focusing effect","authors":"S. Petrović ,&nbsp;M. Ćosić ,&nbsp;Z. Siketić ,&nbsp;M. Vićentijević ,&nbsp;M. Jakšić","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present the results of the experimental study of the Zero-Degree Focusing effect appearing in the transmission of MeV proton beam through a <span><math><mrow><mn>200</mn></mrow></math></span> nm long <span><math><mrow><mo>⟨</mo><mn>100</mn><mo>⟩</mo></mrow></math></span> axial channels of <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>i</mi></mrow></math></span> crystal, which is characterized by a large maximum in the zero-degree yield at and by a <span><math><mrow><mn>45</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> rotation of the angular distribution in the scattering angle plane happening after the Zero-Degree Focusing point. We will show that observed experimental results can be explained fully in the framework of the theory of rainbows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of discharges observed in the CMS GE1/1 station during LHC Run-3","authors":"S. Calzaferri,&nbsp;CMS Muon Group","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since July 2022, GE1/1, the first station using Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment, has been participating in the data-taking in proton–proton (p–p) collisions. This station is the first of three (GE1/1, GE2/1 and ME0) planned to be installed in CMS, to cope with the challenging conditions given by the upgrade of luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider (High-Luminosity LHC program, or HL-LHC) (Colaleo et al., 2015) . This contribution illustrates in detail the analysis developed to monitor the discharge rate per each LHC fill and the strategies developed to operate the chambers safely. An important intervention was the modification of the High Voltage (HV) power system, to correctly power detectors affected by short circuits in the GEM foils. The contribution will also present the current status of operation for GE1/1 in Run-3 in 2023 and the next steps to be implemented to improve the behaviour of the detectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of a high-efficiency muon veto system for the GeSparK alpha-beta/gamma coincidence detector","authors":"A. Barresi,&nbsp;D. Chiesa,&nbsp;M. Nastasi,&nbsp;E. Previtali,&nbsp;M. Sisti","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the main background sources of low background high purity germanium (HPGe) detectors is the cosmic muon showers produced in the interaction with the lead and copper shield surrounding the detector that can induce signals not distinguishable from radioactivity events. Plastic scintillators are widely used to implement active veto systems to reduce this contribution and increase the measurement sensitivity. In this work, we present the implementation of a high-efficiency muon veto system for the alpha-beta/gamma coincidence detector, called GeSparK. The veto system consists of six plastic scintillator detectors accurately positioned around the HPGe and liquid scintillator detectors. The final design includes two detectors above and four inside the passive shielding between the copper and lead layers. In this way, we can limit both their size and the event rate produced by external radioactivity, compared to the usual veto systems implemented outside the lead shielding. A dedicated background measurement showed that the achieved background reduction is a bit less than 93%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The implementation of a focal plane detector system at the gas-filled recoil separator for the decay studies of heavy nuclei","authors":"D.W. Luo ,&nbsp;C.Y. Guo ,&nbsp;S.Y. Zhang ,&nbsp;Z.X. Zhou ,&nbsp;D.X. Wang ,&nbsp;H.Y. Wu ,&nbsp;Z.H. Li ,&nbsp;H. Hua ,&nbsp;L. Ni ,&nbsp;J.Z. Zhang ,&nbsp;Z. Liu ,&nbsp;W.Q. Zhang ,&nbsp;H. Huang ,&nbsp;Q.B. Zeng ,&nbsp;Z.G. Gan ,&nbsp;Z.Y. Zhang ,&nbsp;M.H. Huang ,&nbsp;H.B. Yang ,&nbsp;L. Ma ,&nbsp;J.G. Wang ,&nbsp;M.M. Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A focal plane detector system was implemented at the gas-filled recoil separator SHANS for the decay studies of heavy isotopes. The performance of the system using standard sources and in-beam experiments was described. A significant reduction of the background induced by light-charged particles was achieved using pulse shape analysis techniques with the digital electronics. In addition, the detector system allows the measurements of internal conversion electrons with a low energy threshold of about 100 keV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"X-ray tomography and spectroscopy applications for revealing ancient metalworking techniques","authors":"Yu Cherepennikov ,&nbsp;V. Margaryan ,&nbsp;A. Shahverdyan ,&nbsp;V. Kocharyan ,&nbsp;K. Trouni ,&nbsp;L. Mkrtchyan ,&nbsp;H. Simonyan","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates two pieces of ancient jewellery excavated from the Nerkin Naver Burial Mound and the Teishebaini Necropolis in Armenia. These sites are associated with the Middle Bronze Age and the Urartian Kingdom, respectively. XRF and X-ray μCT analyses were used to study the excavated artefacts. The application of these techniques revealed specific characteristics of the material composition and provided a deeper understanding of the metalworking methods used in the fabrication of these artefacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}