Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment最新文献

{"title":"Line shape of soft photon radiation generated at zero angle in an undulator with a dispersive medium","authors":"Hayk L. Gevorgyan ,&nbsp;Koryun L. Gevorgyan ,&nbsp;Anahit H. Shamamian ,&nbsp;Lekdar A. Gevorgian","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The problem of undulator radiation from a bunch of charged particles, taking into account a medium polarization, is considered. In a dispersive medium, at a zero angle, in addition to hard photons, soft photons are also generated. A formula for the frequency-angular distribution of the number of radiated soft and hard photons has been obtained. If the wavelength of the soft photons is greater than or equal to the longitudinal size of the microbunches formed during the XFEL process, the microbunches radiate coherently. Consequently, the radiation of the bunch will be partially coherent. As a result, intense, quasi-monochromatic, and directed X-ray photon beams are produced, which can have wide practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global track finding based on the Hough transform in the STCF detector","authors":"Hang Zhou ,&nbsp;Kexin Sun ,&nbsp;Zhenna Lu ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Xiaocong Ai ,&nbsp;Jin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xingtao Huang ,&nbsp;Jianbei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proposed Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF) is an electron-positron collider designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV. It provides a unique platform for physics research in the tau-charm energy region. To fulfill the physics goals of STCF, high tracking efficiency and good momentum resolution is required for charged particles with momenta from 50 MeV/c to 3.5 GeV/c. A global track finding algorithm based on Hough transform has been developed and implemented in the STCF software framework to meet this requirement. The design of the algorithm and its performance with simulation are presented in this paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in the simulation of environmentally friendly gas mixtures for Resistive Plate Chambers","authors":"Antonio Bianchi","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs), widely used in particle detection, offer high efficiency, excellent time resolution, and cost-effectiveness. The environmental impact of gases such as tetrafluoroethane and sulfur hexafluoride, commonly used in RPCs, has driven research into more sustainable gas mixtures.</div><div>This study explores the accuracy of simulating the electron swarm parameters in environmentally friendly gas mixtures for RPCs, particularly focusing on the potential substitution of the gas tetrafluoroethane (C₂H₂F₄) with tetrafluoropropene (C₃H₂F₄). Using Monte Carlo simulations with the MATOQ framework, we demonstrate agreement with experimental measurements recently obtained from RPCs operating with C₃H₂F₄-based gas mixtures at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This confirms the accuracy of the electron collision cross sections for C₃H₂F₄ available in the literature, extending their validation from 45 kPa to atmospheric pressure, and strengthening their reliability for simulations focused on RPC applications.</div><div>The benchmark of electron collision cross sections for C₃H₂F₄ paves the way for future research aimed at optimizing environmentally friendly gas mixtures for RPCs. Results of this study show that the effective Townsend coefficient can vary by more than an order of magnitude when C₃H₂F₄ is mixed with molecular oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, or helium. These findings support a viable strategy for lowering the working point of RPCs by combining C₃H₂F₄ with another gas that has a low global warming potential, as demonstrated by various experimental studies. Variations in electron drift velocity, a key factor in determining the time resolution of RPCs, have also been observed when C₃H₂F₄ is combined with the aforementioned atmospheric gases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of contrast agents using a 2-dimensional photon counting CT detector combined with MPPC and YGAG scintillator array","authors":"Fitri Lucyana ,&nbsp;Makoto Arimoto ,&nbsp;Daichi Sato ,&nbsp;Takahiro Tomoda ,&nbsp;Ayumi Ishiguro ,&nbsp;Hiroki Kawashima ,&nbsp;Kenichiro Okumura ,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Murakami ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Jun Kataoka ,&nbsp;Mayu Sagisaka ,&nbsp;Satoshi Shiota ,&nbsp;Shinsuke Terazawa","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The potential of photon-counting (PC) detectors in medical CT imaging is supported by their ability to count individual photons and measure their energy simultaneously, enabling multi-energy imaging with adjustable energy settings that enhance diagnostic accuracy. Contrast-enhanced CT imaging further improves diagnostic performance by allowing differentiation based on the distinct energy-dependent attenuation profiles of each contrast agent. The development of PCCT, consisting of the multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) array and the yttrium-gadolinium-aluminum-gallium garnet (YGAG) scintillator array, has been expanded from a 1-dimensional to a 2-dimensional detector, thereby reducing the imaging time and enhancing temporal imaging resolution. The 2-dimensional PCCT uses a 256-channel pixel array (with 1 × 1 mm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> for each pixel size), configured as 16 × 16 pixels. Signals from this array are processed by four large-scale integrated circuit boards, each handling 64 channels with six energy thresholds and capable of ultra-fast analog and digital signal processing exceeding 10 MHz per channel. CT imaging was performed on both non-mixture and mixture samples containing iodine and gadolinium using the 2-dimensional PCCT system. Concentration estimation from multiple-energy CT image data was performed, and a 3-dimensional concentration mapping for both non-mixture and mixture samples was achieved with a concentration accuracy of 0.2–1.8 mg/mL, demonstrating the capability of material discrimination in mixture sample. Furthermore, a preliminary demonstration of dynamical imaging using the 2-dimensional PCCT system was conducted. The temporal changes in quantitative data from multiple time-point images were successfully obtained, demonstrating the potential of the system for future dynamic clinical imaging applications, such as assessing blood flow and vessel dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurements of a LYSO crystal array from threshold to 100 MeV","authors":"O. Beesley ,&nbsp;J. Carlton ,&nbsp;B. Davis-Purcell ,&nbsp;D. Ding ,&nbsp;S. Foster ,&nbsp;K. Frahm ,&nbsp;L. Gibbons ,&nbsp;T. Gorringe ,&nbsp;D.W. Hertzog ,&nbsp;S. Hochrein ,&nbsp;J. Hui ,&nbsp;P. Kammel ,&nbsp;J. LaBounty ,&nbsp;J. Liu ,&nbsp;R. Roehnelt ,&nbsp;P. Schwendimann ,&nbsp;A. Soter ,&nbsp;E. Swanson ,&nbsp;B. Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report measurements of ten custom-made high-homogeneity LYSO crystals. The investigation is motivated by the need for a compact, high-resolution, and fast electromagnetic calorimeter for a new rare pion decay experiment. Each <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>18</mn></mrow></math></span> <!--> <!-->cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> crystal was first characterized for general light yield properties and then its longitudinal response uniformity and energy resolution were measured using low-energy gamma sources. The ten crystals were assembled as an array and subjected to a 30–100<!--> <!-->MeV positron beam with excellent momentum definition. The energy and timing resolutions were measured as a function of energy, and the spatial resolution was determined at 70<!--> <!-->MeV. An additional measurement using monoenergetic 17.6<!--> <!-->MeV gammas produced through a p-Li resonance was later made after the photosensors used in positron testing were improved. As an example of the results, the energy resolution at 70<!--> <!-->MeV of (1.52 ± 0.03)<!--> <!-->% is more than two times better than reported results using previous generation LYSO crystals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MBH as an etching solution for fast detection of alpha particles and fission fragments using CR-39 detector","authors":"O. Ashraf ,&nbsp;Nada M. Nobei ,&nbsp;Ayman M. Abdalla ,&nbsp;A.M. Ismail ,&nbsp;E.M. Awad ,&nbsp;A.H. Ashry","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The latent tracks formed on CR-39 solid state nuclear track detector on exposure of alpha particles and fission fragments (FF) emitted from collimated ²⁴¹Am and ²⁵²Cf sources were developed by a chemical etching method. In this study, we use molten hydrated barium hydroxide (MBH) as an etching solution to register FF. In this experiment, one set of detectors were exposed to FF from ²⁵²Cf radioactive source with activity (1.84 μCi). The second set of detectors has been exposed to alpha particles with different energies ranging from 1 to 5 MeV. The irradiated samples were etched with MBH at different temperatures (78 °C, 80 °C, 85 °C, and 90 °C) for different periods ranging from 2 to 20 min. We calculated etching parameters including bulk etching rate, track etching rate, sensitivity, etching efficiency, and activation energy (E_B and E_T). The main advantage of the current method lies in its ability to achieve efficient etching of CR-39 detectors at a temperature of 90 °C with an etch rate (V_B) of 14.67 μm/h and an etching duration of 16 min. Furthermore, we identified the optimal etching conditions for detecting alpha particles in CR-39 detectors, aiming for short etching durations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and simulation for a 90Sr ion trap – laser cooling spectrometer","authors":"Chao Zhang ,&nbsp;Ryohei Terabayashi ,&nbsp;Shuichi Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A laser-based resonance ionization-Paul trap mass spectrometer was initially designed for trace analysis of ⁹⁰Sr by combining resonance ionization, quadrupole mass spectrometry, and ion trap mass spectrometry. This apparatus has been proven capable of capturing ⁹⁰Sr ions in our previous research. A new ion guide assembly, located between the quadrupole mass spectrometer and the ion trap, has been developed and is the focus of this paper. This new ion guide is designed to decelerate the selected ⁹⁰Sr ions after the quadrupole mass spectrometer and efficiently transport them into the ion trap.</div><div>In this paper, we report the construction of the ion trap-laser cooling spectrometer (ITLCS) along with modeling and simulation results to evaluate its performance. Corresponding parameters, such as the 90Sr ions' transmission rate through the ion guide and the capture rate of the ion trap, have been simulated and analyzed. The simulation results demonstrate that the capture rate for the ⁹⁰Sr ions in ITLCS reached approximately 17%. Furthermore, initial experiments using natural metallic Sr samples were conducted to validate the system's core functionalities, including ion production through resonant ionization, mass selection, transport via the ion guide, and injection into the ion trap. These results provide a solid foundation for future optimization and application of the ITLCS in trace isotope analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1074 ","pages":"Article 170321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, simulation, and validation of signal acquisition and digital processing for GEM-TEPC","authors":"Yuchen Wang ,&nbsp;Chunjuan Li ,&nbsp;Yina Liu ,&nbsp;Huiyin Wu ,&nbsp;Mingzhe Song","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper performs a detailed analysis of the signal generation process and digital processing of the GEM-TEPC detector. Convolution-based output pulse response model is established to provide a more accurate simulation method compared to exponential models. MATLAB simulations are conducted, and a charge-sensitive preamplifier circuit is designed to verify the accuracy of the model and enhance signal processing efficiency. To achieve digital signal processing, this paper designs modular digital signal processing algorithms in System Generator. Specifically, a trapezoidal filter shaping module and pile-up rejection module are employed to optimize the filtering effects, eliminating noise and pulse pile-up. The effectiveness of the designed model and algorithms is validated through comparisons between simulation and actual measurement results of ²⁴¹Am calibration source. The experimental results validate the accuracy of the simulation model, providing reliable technical support for the design of GEM-TEPC detectors and the acquisition and processing of nuclear signals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1075 ","pages":"Article 170339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of surface-state induced inter-electrode isolation of n-on-p devices in mixed-field and γ-irradiation environments","authors":"N. Akchurin,&nbsp;T. Peltola","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170310","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Position sensitive &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-on-&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; silicon sensors will be utilized in the tracker and in the High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The detrimental effect of the radiation-induced accumulation of positive net oxide charge on position resolution in &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-on-&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; sensors has typically been countered by the application of isolation implants like &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-stop or &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-spray between &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-electrodes. In addition to the positively charged layer inside the oxide and close to the Si/SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-interface, surface damage introduced by ionizing radiation in SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-passivated silicon particle detectors includes the accumulation of trapped-oxide-charge and interface traps. A previous study of either n/&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;γ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (mixed field)- or &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;γ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-irradiated Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitors showed evidence of substantially higher introduction rates of acceptor- and donor-type deep interface traps (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;it,acc/don&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) in mixed-field environment. In this work, an inter-pad and -strip resistance (or resistivity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;int&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;)) simulation study of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-on-&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; sensors with and without &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-stop isolation implants was conducted for both irradiation types. Higher levels of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;int&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; showed correlation to higher densities of deep &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;it,acc/don&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, with the inter-pad isolation performance of the mixed-field irradiated sensors becoming independent of the presence of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-stop implant between the &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-electrodes up to about 100 kGy. The low introduction rates of deep &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;it,acc/don&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; in &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;γ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-irradiated sensors resulted in high sensitivity of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ρ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;int&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; to the presence and peak doping of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-stop above the lowest dose of about 7 kGy in the study. As a consequence of the advantageous influence of radiation-induced accumulation of deep &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;m","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1074 ","pages":"Article 170310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of acoustically silent bubble-nucleation events in superheated drop detector","authors":"B.K. Chatterjee ,&nbsp;R. Sarkar ,&nbsp;P.K. Mondal","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A Superheated Droplet Detector (SDD) is a ubiquitous detector consisting of a large collection of micron-sized droplets of superheated liquid held in a gel matrix. An energetic particle while passing through the superheated droplet can induce a sudden liquid-vapor phase transition, which is known to be associated with the emission of an acoustic signal. An earlier experiment indicated that the amplitude of the acoustic signal decreases with increasing ambient pressure indicating that bubble nucleation may become <em>acoustically silent</em> at some point. This study using R1216 (C₃F₆) based SDD reveals that, under certain condition the spontaneous and gamma-ray induced bubble nucleation, and subsequent vaporization of superheated droplet does indeed become acoustically silent<em>,</em> as they are no longer detected by acoustic transducers. Here a method of detecting such acoustically silent nucleation-events is presented. These acoustically silent bubble nucleation events have been detected using an optical detection system developed in our laboratory, by which the pressure <em>pulse</em> created by the sudden gel-displacement during bubble nucleation is detected. A tentative explanation of acoustically silent bubble nucleation is also presented here which roughly outlines the condition for a bubble nucleation to become acoustically silent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1073 ","pages":"Article 170311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}