Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine最新文献_第8页

Food as Medicine: Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Toxicity of Carica Papaya Seeds 药用食品:番木瓜种子的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制及毒性

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.2

C. Cyril-Olutayo, T. Elufioye, E. Obuotor, J. Agbedahunsi

{"title":"Food as Medicine: Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Toxicity of Carica Papaya Seeds","authors":"C. Cyril-Olutayo, T. Elufioye, E. Obuotor, J. Agbedahunsi","doi":"10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Food is a great source of medicine because it supports life existence and its absence can lead to death. Carica papaya , a fruit which is popular worldwide, possesses a number of medicinal attributes. The ripe and matured unripe seeds were investigated for their acetycholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, toxicity and antioxidant activities. AChE inhibitory activities of 70% cold ethanolic extract of the pawpaw seeds were assessed. Partitioned fractions using petroleum spirit and ethyl acetate and the vacuum liquid chromatographed portions of the ethyl acetate fraction were all evaluated in-vitro at 500μg/ml concentration using modified Ellman method. The Brine shrimp lethality test of the extract was used to determine the toxicity profile and DPPH to determine the antioxidant property. The results showed that the crude extract gave 41.16% AChE inhibition. Purification enhanced the activity. The ethyl acetate fraction on analysis produced 60.29% activity and the semi-pure compound from the VLC analysis resulted in 65.25% activity whilst Eserine gave 74.78% inhibition.. The autobiographic antioxidant TLC analysis using DPPH as detection agent showed the unripe matured seeds to possess antioxidant activity. The study is reporting for the first time the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of C papaya . Based on the results obtained, it may be deduced that the fruit can be eaten to manage Alzheimer’s disease.","PeriodicalId":19356,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine","volume":"197 1","pages":"45-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74499831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Flavonoid Glycosides from Dennettia Tripetala G. Baker Leaf Extract 三叶草叶提取物类黄酮苷类抗氧化及抗菌活性研究

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.3

M. Aderogba, E. Akinkunmi, W. Mabusela

{"title":"Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Flavonoid Glycosides from Dennettia Tripetala G. Baker Leaf Extract","authors":"M. Aderogba, E. Akinkunmi, W. Mabusela","doi":"10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Dennettia tripetala a Nigerian medicinal plant widely employed in the management of oxidative stress related diseases and infections was investigated for its active constituents. A DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine) guided fractionation was used to target and isolate the antioxidant constituents of the ethyl acetate solvent fraction of a 20% aqueous methanol leaf extract. Two flavonoid glycosides were isolated and identified by spectral data ( 1 H, and 13 C NMR, along with ESI-TOF-MS spectrometry) as: quercetin-3-O-arabinofuranoside, avicularin (1) and vitexin-2'’-O-rhamnoside (2). In the qualitative antioxidant assay, the compounds instantly bleached the DPPH purple colour indicating free radical scavenging potential (antioxidant activity). In the micro-well dilution assay, Compound (1) was the most active with MIC values of 0.081 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571 and 2.50 mg/mL against Escherichia coli NCTC 8196 compared to the standard drug streptomycin which had MICs of 0.039 mg/mL and 0.156 mg/mL respectively against the two organisms. None of the compounds was able to inhibit the growth of the fungi strain used at the tested concentrations. Isolation of these antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds could provide rationale for the ethnomedicinal use of this plant in traditional medicine in the management of the oxidative stress related diseases and infections.","PeriodicalId":19356,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine","volume":"149 1","pages":"49-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77473639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

The Effects of the Aqueous Root Extract of Cocos Ucifera on the Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats 椰子根水提物对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠血糖和血脂的影响

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.4314/NJNPM.V14I1.6

O. Owolabi, F. Amaechina, Oj Buzugbe

{"title":"The Effects of the Aqueous Root Extract of Cocos Ucifera on the Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats","authors":"O. Owolabi, F. Amaechina, Oj Buzugbe","doi":"10.4314/NJNPM.V14I1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJNPM.V14I1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Cocus nucifera Linne., (Arecaceae or Palm family) is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several disorders including diabetes mellitus. The root of the plant was extracted using distilled water and the aqueous root extract was then investigated for hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin (40 mg/kg i.p) in overnight fasted albino male rats. Dose dependent studies for 100, 200, 400 for the extract and 5 mg/kg of glibenclamide were then carried out to ascertain the effect of the extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Blood glucose levels as well as levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL were also determined. Oral administration of the aqueous root extract caused a significant reduction in the blood glucose levels at 200 mg/kg (p<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.0001) from the 4 th ; to about the 24 th hour. Also a significant reduction (p<0.05) in total cholesterol was also noted. Flavonoids, saponins and carbohydrates present in the extract were proposed to be responsible for the observed effects. The effects were comparable with the standard drug: glibenclamide.","PeriodicalId":19356,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"27-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86967395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of Extracts of the Root of Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloides (Linn.) Waterman (Rutaceae) Formulated as Toothpastes 花椒根提取物的药效研究(英文)牙膏(芸香科)

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.4314/NJNPM.V14I1.5

L. O. Orafidiya, E. Akinkunmi, F. Oginni, Ajibola Oluwamakin

{"title":"Effectiveness of Extracts of the Root of Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloides (Linn.) Waterman (Rutaceae) Formulated as Toothpastes","authors":"L. O. Orafidiya, E. Akinkunmi, F. Oginni, Ajibola Oluwamakin","doi":"10.4314/NJNPM.V14I1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJNPM.V14I1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The root of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Linn.) Waterman, commonly used as a chewing stick in south-western Nigeria, has been reported to have antibacterial activities. This study was carried out to assess the antibacterial activities of the root extracts of the plant and their toothpaste formulations on oral bacterial isolates and type strains. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the root bark, wood cellulose and whole root and their tooth paste formulations were evaluated by agar diffusion-cup plate method against type strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Clinical isolates obtained from oral specimens of dental patients and identified by conventional methods were also used. Root extracts were dispersed in a variety of bases for toothpaste formulations. Ethanolic extract of whole root and its toothpaste exhibited the highest antibacterial activities comparable at 2.5%w/w but considerably higher at 5.0%w/w to those of commercially available tooth pastes used as positive control. The root extracts exhibited higher activities against oral bacterial isolates than the type strains. All the test agents showed no activity against P. aeruginosa . The findings indicated that development and use of Z. zanthoxyloides root as a toothpaste will serve to improve oral health.","PeriodicalId":19356,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90810277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Developing a Framework for Ethnomedicine Innovation System in Nigeria 在尼日利亚建立民族医药创新体系框架

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.1

K. Osemene, M. Ilori, A. Elujoba, W. Erhun

引用次数: 1

Essential Oil Analysis of the Peel and Leaf Oils of Citrus Medica L. (Rutaceae) from Nigeria 尼日利亚药用柑橘(芸香科)果皮和叶精油的分析

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.6

A. Gbolade, C. Argyropoulou, H. Skaltsa

引用次数: 2

Hypotensive Effects of Solanum Macrocarpum Linn. Fruit Extracts in Sprague-Dawley Rats 龙葵的降压作用。Sprague-Dawley大鼠水果提取物

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.4

B. Iranloye, G. Ajayi, A. Morakinyo, A. Olajide

{"title":"Hypotensive Effects of Solanum Macrocarpum Linn. Fruit Extracts in Sprague-Dawley Rats","authors":"B. Iranloye, G. Ajayi, A. Morakinyo, A. Olajide","doi":"10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJNPM.V15I1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension remains a major health problem in terms of treatment, management and control despite recent advances in modern medicine. In the face of the prevalence of this major health problem, lack of accessibility to modern health facilities, rising cost of orthodox medical care where available, lack of definitive curative regiment and prolong treatment which discourages adherence, the use of functional foods with medicinal potential is of major importance as it is proximal, less constraining and inexpensive. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the hypotensive activity of a commonly used fruit and food, Solanum macrocarpum , and the probable mechanism of action. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups of 6 animals each. The normotensive and salt-induced hypertensive rats were treated with both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of S. macrocarpum for 4 weeks. The blood pressure, pulse pressure and heart rate of the rats were measured. Urine and serum samples were collected from the rats and analysed for their cation contents. The results indicated that both extracts of S. macrocarpum significantly reduced the blood pressure in salt-induced hypertensive rats demonstrated which was demonstrated by marked decrease in the SBP, DBP, MAP, HR and PP. Furthermore, both extracts increased the GFR, urine volume and urinary Na+ and K+ excretions. This study demonstrated that the aqueous and ethanol extracts of S. macrocarpum has hypotensive effect on both normotensive and hypertensive rats possibly due to its diuretic activities.","PeriodicalId":19356,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine","volume":"157 1","pages":"53-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89000161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Pharmacognostic studies on the aerial parts of Suaeda maritima Linn. (Chenopodiaceae). 海苔地上部分的生药学研究。(藜科)。

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.4314/NJNPM.V14I1.1

D. Bhatt, Nk Sethiya, S. Mishra

引用次数: 6

Growth Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Effects of the Methanol Extracts of Ficus Exasperata Vahl (Moraceae) Root Bark 樟科无花果根皮甲醇提取物的生长抑制和细胞毒作用

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.4314/NJNPM.V14I1.2

B. Ayinde, Oi Ewoigbokhan

{"title":"Growth Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Effects of the Methanol Extracts of Ficus Exasperata Vahl (Moraceae) Root Bark","authors":"B. Ayinde, Oi Ewoigbokhan","doi":"10.4314/NJNPM.V14I1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJNPM.V14I1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Ficus exasperata is a medicinal plant characterized by its coarse and abrasive simple leaves. In ethnomedicine, the root bark is used in treating tumor related ailments. The cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects of the methanol extract of the root bark and its organic solvent fractions were examined using the tadpoles of Raniceps ranninu s and radicle length of guinea corn Sorghum bicolor seeds respectively. The methanol extract showed significant concentration dependent toxicity on the tadpoles as the percentage mortality of 56.67±1.23 obtained at a concentration 10µg/ml was increased to 100 at 20 µg/ml. The chloroform and the aqueous fractions did not show remarkable effects although 100% mortality was obtained at 80 µg/ml with the chloroform fraction. The crude extract gave an LC 50 of 8.67µg/ml while the aqueous and chloroform fractions produced LC 50 values of 57.33 and 28.67 µg/ml respectively. The extract significantly (P<0.01) reduced the radicle length of the seeds treated with 0.5-4 mg/ml of the extract throughout the 96h incubation period. At 96h, the control seeds produced average length of 51.4 ± 2.72 mm while the seeds treated with 2 and 4 mg/ml had average lengths of 42.2 ± 1.63 and 31.8 + 2.71 mm respectively. The aqueous fraction was more effective than the chloroform fraction as it produced 47.56% reductions in radicle lengths compared with the controls. The results suggest the probable use of the plant in treating tumor related ailments and purification did not enhance activity.","PeriodicalId":19356,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine","volume":"96 1","pages":"6-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81086445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparative Assessment of Herbal and Orthodox Medicines in Nigeria 尼日利亚草药和传统药物的比较评估

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine Pub Date : 2011-05-01 DOI: 10.4314/NJNPM.V17I1.7

K. Osemene, A. Elujoba, M. Ilori

{"title":"A Comparative Assessment of Herbal and Orthodox Medicines in Nigeria","authors":"K. Osemene, A. Elujoba, M. Ilori","doi":"10.4314/NJNPM.V17I1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NJNPM.V17I1.7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assessed the attributes of herbal and orthodox medicines such as affordability, packaging, availability, efficacy, safety, side-effects and level of advertisement in print and electronic media which were hitherto neglected. Structured questionnaires and interview schedule were the instruments used to elicit information from 300 herbal and orthodox medicine consumers selected from six geo-political zones in Nigeria through a purposive or convenient sampling method. Data were analyzed with appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that the respondents rated herbal medicines higher than orthodox medicines in terms of safety and degree of advertisement. Orthodox medicines were rated higher than herbal medicines in terms of affordability, packaging, availability, efficacy, and side-effects. The mean values of all parameters were significant at 0.05. Furthermore, only 41% of the respondents took herbal medicines as their first drug of choice. This finding is contrary to the widely held view in literature that more than 80% of the population in developing countries takes only herbal medicines. Key words: Assessment; Herbal and Orthodox Medicines; Nigeria","PeriodicalId":19356,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"77-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76082171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 56