Nutrition and health最新文献

{"title":"The game of chess: Future directions for sports nutrition and supplementation.","authors":"Nikola Todorovic, Bogdan Andjelic, David Nedeljkovic, Sergej Ostojic","doi":"10.1177/02601060261447179","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060261447179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Competitive chess is a cognitively intensive sport that demands sustained executive control, complex visuospatial processing, prolonged attention, and effective regulation of psychological stress under time pressure. Despite growing professionalization, research on nutritional strategies to support chess performance remains limited. Existing work has largely emphasized pharmacological cognitive enhancers, which offer limited ecological validity and raise ethical and regulatory concerns, while comparatively little attention has been paid to safe, non-prohibited interventions applicable to real-world competition. This paper synthesizes evidence on the neurocognitive and psychophysiological demands of competitive chess and identifies priorities for future nutrition and supplementation research. Drawing on mechanistic and translational insights from cognitive neuroscience and esports, we evaluate dietary supplements with potential to support cerebral bioenergetics, attentional stability, and stress modulation. Finally, we propose a structured, ecologically grounded research framework to guide evidence-based, ethically compliant performance optimization in chess.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"1429-1435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food insecurity experience of pregnant and lactating women from rural households in Tamil Nadu, India during COVID lockdown - Empirical evidence from household air pollution intervention network study.","authors":"Vigneswari Aravindalochanan, Sarada S Garg, Gurusamy Thangavel, Rengaraj Ramasamy, Om Prasanth Rajan, Priya Kumar Natarajan, Meenakshi Sundarem Gopalkrishna, Sylesh Loganathan, Sankar Sambandam, Krishnendu Mukhopadhyay, Sheela Sinharoy, Usha Ramakrishnan, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Shirin Jabbarzadeh, Lance Waller, Thomas F Clasen, Jennifer Peel, William Checkley","doi":"10.1177/02601060251391035","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060251391035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundFood insecurity is a major public health concern in India because of the high prevalence of malnourishment. The COVID-19 pandemic-induced lockdowns caused widespread disruptions in food systems. However, limited empirical evidence on food insecurity trends among vulnerable populations have been available.ObjectivesWe utilised longitudinal data collected from the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) study in Tamil Nadu, India, between January to September 2020, in order understand the impact of the COVID pandemic on household food insecurity (HFI) in rural households.MethodsWe performed repeat (n = 4) administrations of the Food Insecurity Experience Scale tool developed by the Food and Agricultural Organisation among households with pregnant or lactating mothers, enrolled in the HAPIN study (n = 676) to include pre-COVID lockdown, during lockdown, immediately after lockdown and post-COVID lockdown periods.ResultsThe overall prevalence of HFI during the pre-COVID lockdown was 4% with a sharp fivefold increase during the lockdown period. The HFI decreased to 17% in the immediately after lockdown period and stabilised at around 7% in the post-COVID lockdown period.ConclusionsHigh levels of food insecurity (even if transient) that was observed during lockdown periods of the COVID 19 pandemic in rural Tamil Nadu indicate the potential for increased health risks for pregnant women and lactating mothers in low-income households.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"1647-1654"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13014602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145458830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of intermittent fasting on body metrics, lipid profile, and physical performance in young and middle-aged men.","authors":"Maha Gasmi, Aymen Hawani, Anis Ben Chikha, Özgür Eken, Santo Marsigliante, Antonella Muscella, Riadh Khalifa","doi":"10.1177/02601060251385278","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060251385278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Intermittent fasting (IF) is increasingly adopted for weight and metabolic health management, yet its impact on lipid profile and physical performance in young and middle-aged men remains unclear. <b>Aim:</b> The present study examined the effect of a five-month (IF) on body composition, lipid profile, and physical performance. <b>Methods:</b> A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the impact of this eating pattern. Forty active male participants were divided into two age groups (a young group from 23 to 28 years and a middle-aged group from 46 to 59 years) and then randomly assigned to experimental (young experimental group (YE), middle-aged experimental group (ME)) or control groups (young control group, middle-aged control group). Before and after the five-month (IF) intervention (4 days per week), all participants performed the Running-based Anaerobic Sprint and the Test Blood for the determination of lipids profile. <b>Results:</b> Both young (YE) and middle-aged (ME) experimental groups showed significant reductions in weight (<i>p</i> = 0.012 for YE and <i>p</i> = 0.011 for ME), body mass index (BMI) (<i>p</i> = 0.011 for YE and <i>p</i> = 0.012 for ME) and fat-free mass (<i>p</i> = 0.004 for YE and <i>p</i> = 0.043 for ME) compared to control groups. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant main effects of time and group for weight (<i>p</i> < 0.001; <i>p</i> = 0.012), BMI (<i>p</i> = 0.012; <i>p</i> = 0.038), and fat-free mass (<i>p</i> = 0.023; <i>p</i> = 0.037), with significant time × group interaction for weight (<i>p</i> = 0.017) and trends for BMI (<i>p</i> = 0.048) and fat-free mass (<i>p</i> = 0.07); no significant effects were observed for body fat percentage (<i>p</i> > 0.05). In addition, our results showed that (IF) was associated with significant decrease in total cholesterol (<i>p</i> = 0.004 for YE and <i>p</i> = 0.0024 for ME) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (<i>p</i> = 0.004 for YE and <i>p</i> = 0.009 for ME) in both experimental groups. Low-density lipoprotein decreased significantly only in the young IF group (<i>p</i> = 0.041). However, IF did not affect triglyceride levels or physical performance. ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between time and group for HDL (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with greater reductions in middle-aged participants, and a significant group effect for triglycerides (<i>p</i> < 0.001), which were higher in middle-aged groups at both time points. <b>Conclusion:</b> These results suggest that while IF can positively influence body composition and is associated with selective changes in lipid profiles, its effects on triglycerides and physical performance may be limited. These findings underscore the need for further research to explore the long-term metabolic implications of IF, as well as potential age-related differences in response to fasting regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"1603-1618"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sugar-sweetened orange beverages: A silent risk factor for colorectal cancer?","authors":"Dujanand Singh, Jianbo Liu, Jinlong Luo, Litao Huang, Qiu-Shi Huang, Lie Yang, Zongguang Zhou","doi":"10.1177/02601060251383198","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060251383198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundEriodictyol is a flavonoid primarily found in citrus fruits for dietary consumption. Laboratory studies have shown that it has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which help prevent colorectal cancer (CRC). However, consuming eriodictyol through citrus drinks and added sugars may increase the risk of CRC. These beverages can raise blood sugar levels and disrupt the gut microbiome, potentially increasing the risk of CRC.AimThis study aims to evaluate the relationship between dietary intake of eriodictyol flavonoid, commonly consumed through citrus drinks or sugar-sweetened orange beverages, and the increased risk of CRC, as well as its connection with diabetic patients.MethodsData from 53,914 participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial were analyzed using Dietary Questionnaire (DQX) and Dietary History Questionnaire (DHQ). LASSO regression identified significant associations, while restricted cubic spline analysis examined nonlinear relationships between eriodictyol intake and CRC risk.ResultsDiabetes was confirmed as a significant risk factor for CRC in both the DHQ and DQX cohorts. Additionally, higher eriodictyol intake was associated with increased CRC risk in the DQX group, suggesting a possible link between diabetes, elevated eriodictyol consumption, and CRC development. The primary source of dietary eriodictyol in the USA is sugar-sweetened beverages.ConclusionsThe findings show that hyperglycemic patients have a notably higher risk of CRC, and this increased risk remains even with dietary intake of eriodictyol, a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruits and increasingly consumed through citrus beverages in industrialized countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"1565-1574"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146086602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse events associated with single-ingredient folic acid in pregnancy: A descriptive analysis of the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (2004-2025).","authors":"Toru Ogura, Chihiro Shiraishi, Akie Asakura","doi":"10.1177/02601060251397348","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060251397348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundFolic acid supplementation is widely recommended during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects, with substantial evidence supporting its safety and efficacy. However, because adverse event (AE) reporting for dietary supplements is not mandatory, rare but serious AEs may go unrecognized.AimThis study aimed to investigate potential AEs associated with prenatal folic acid supplementation by analyzing reports from the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System between the first quarter of 2004 and the first quarter of 2025.MethodsPregnant women who reported AEs following folic acid supplementation were identified, and both AE categories and individual events were analyzed.SummaryAmong 3866 pregnant women reporting AEs, folic acid supplementation was identified as the primary suspect in 40 cases. Of these, 8 cases occurred at the recommended dose (0.4 mg/day), including 3 cases of pregnancy termination and loss; 9 cases occurred at above the recommended dose (>0.4 mg/day), and 23 cases had unknown dosage information. These cases included pregnancy termination and loss, congenital anomalies and developmental disorders, prematurity and low birth weight, and pregnancy complications. While folic acid supplementation remains essential for prenatal care and is considered safe at the recommended dose, the identification of rare but serious AEs even at this dose underscores the need for ongoing surveillance. Limitations of spontaneous reporting systems, such as underreporting and incomplete data-including missing dosage in many cases-may result in underestimation of the true incidence of AEs. Enhanced pharmacovigilance and prospective studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"1675-1684"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145564728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties of a multicomponent gel food supplement: Preclinical evidence for a complementary approach in gastroesophageal reflux disease management.","authors":"Marta Pulcini, Valerio Mori, Maria G Marini, Luca Massaccesi","doi":"10.1177/02601060261452076","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060261452076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is associated with epithelial injury and inflammation of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Long-term pharmacological therapies may present limitations, encouraging interest in complementary approaches.AimThis study evaluated the <i>in vitro</i> wound healing and anti-inflammatory activity of the multicomponent gel food supplement Reflus Gel^® (RG), formulated for gastric acidity management.MethodsWound healing was assessed using a scratch assay on fully confluent Caco-2 cells, while anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by measuring interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α release in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsRG enhanced wound closure at 24 and 48 h compared with untreated control (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and reduced IL-1β (<i>p</i> < 0.01), IL-6 and TNF-α (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) secretion in stimulated macrophages.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that RG promotes cell migration and modulates inflammatory responses <i>in vitro</i>, suggesting a potential role as a complementary strategy in GERD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"1437-1442"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147982575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the efficacy of probiotics in schizophrenia and depression: A meta-analysis of clinical outcomes and subgroup effects.","authors":"Xin Yi Tai, Shiau Foon Tee, Pek Yee Tang","doi":"10.1177/02601060251395942","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060251395942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundSchizophrenia and depression are disabling mental disease conditions that have multifactorial pathophysiology involving the dysregulation of the gut-brain axis. Probiotics have been advocated as an adjunct therapy that could have an impact on psychiatric symptoms by normalizing the gut immune mechanisms.AimsThis meta-analysis evaluated whether probiotic supplementation improves psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or depression.MethodologyA systematic search of multiple databases identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that tested probiotic interventions in these populations. Eligible studies were analyzed for pooled effect sizes, heterogeneity, and publication bias.FindingsThirteen RCTs (<i>n</i> = 893 participants) were included. Meta-analysis revealed no significant difference in PANSS score reduction between probiotic and placebo groups of schizophrenia patients (<i>P</i> = .546). However, a significant pooled standardized mean difference between intervention and control groups was found (<i>P</i> = .043). Significant heterogeneity was observed, and subgroup analyses indicated variations in outcomes based on geographic region and ethnicity. A potential moderating effect of vitamin D status was identified as a factor requiring future study.ConclusionCurrently, there is no evidence that probiotics consistently improve depression or schizophrenia. The significance of subgroup analysis raises questions and emphasizes the necessity of carefully planned, sufficiently powered studies to determine whether probiotic efficacy is influenced by particular populations, settings, or supplemental techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"1743-1756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145557515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of child malnutrition from the risk factors, social determinants, and social determination of health, a scoping review.","authors":"Ingrid Yolercy Troche-Gutiérrez, Laura Daniela Torres Muñoz, Luz Omaira Gómez Tovar","doi":"10.1177/02601060261447197","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060261447197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundChild malnutrition remains a serious global health problem, but the theoretical frameworks for understanding this phenomenon remain fragmented and primarily biomedical in nature.AimThis article aims to analyze and compare the conceptualization and study of child malnutrition, explaining it through theoretical approaches to risk factors, social determinants, and the social determination of health in scientific literature.MethodWe conducted a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews Statement. We searched articles related to the topic of research, published between 2012 and 2023, and papers written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese on the databases SciELO, Medline, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, EBSCO CINAHL, LILACS, and Redalyc. Letters to the editor, conference reports, and opinion articles were excluded.ResultsForty-one articles were analyzed across the three theoretical approaches. The risk factor approach (<i>n</i> = 29, 70.7%) predominated, emphasizing environment, lifestyle, human biology, and healthcare organizations. Social determinants studies (<i>n</i> = 8, 19.5%) incorporated structural factors including capitalism, socioeconomic inequalities, and educational disparities, alongside intermediary factors such as sociocultural practices. Social determination studies (<i>n</i> = 4, 9.7%) employed a three-dimensional framework encompassing general dimensions (historical capital accumulation), particular dimensions (modes of living and social integration), and singular dimensions (food consumption patterns).ConclusionChild malnutrition has been predominantly analyzed from the perspective of classical epidemiology, which reduces the problem to biological and individual dimensions. Although the evidence for social determination is limited, it is theoretically significant because it includes the social, historical, and political nature of nutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"1459-1475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147982631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography-derived low muscle status and clinical outcomes after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting: A systematic review and meta-analysis with implications for perioperative nutrition risk stratification.","authors":"Ziqiang Zhou, Tingting Sun, Jiangang Zhao, Yanjun Wang, Wenbo Wu","doi":"10.1177/02601060261461906","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060261461906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and aimsComputed tomography (CT)-derived measures of low muscle quantity and quality may indicate reduced physiologic reserve, but their prognostic value after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is uncertain. We conducted a PRISMA-guided systematic review and conservative meta-analysis of adjusted estimates to examine associations between preoperative CT-derived low muscle status and outcomes after isolated CABG.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to December 23, 2025. Cohort studies of adults undergoing isolated CABG were eligible if they assessed preoperative low muscle status using CT (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry eligible) and reported mortality and/or postoperative complications. Overlapping cohorts were excluded. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis (restricted maximum likelihood) with the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman adjustment.ResultsFour independent cohorts (<i>n</i> = 3931) met inclusion criteria and used CT-based definitions spanning lumbar and thoracic muscle quantity/quality measures. Three cohorts (<i>n</i> = 3452) contributed adjusted estimates for long-term mortality. Across studies, the direction of association was unfavorable, but quantitative synthesis was exploratory and highly uncertain (pooled HR 2.71, 95% confidence interval 0.38-19.40; <i>I</i>² = 92.3%; approximate 95% prediction interval 0.47-15.6). Secondary outcomes were too heterogeneous for pooling and were summarized narratively.ConclusionsPreoperative CT-derived low muscle status may serve as a pragmatic vulnerability flag in isolated CABG when CT is already available, but current pooled evidence for long-term mortality remains exploratory, highly heterogeneous, and statistically imprecise. Standardized measurement, more comparable adjustment strategies, and harmonized outcome reporting are needed before broader clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"1511-1523"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148272291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of nutrition education on premenstrual syndrome: Randomized controlled study.","authors":"Duygu Mataracı-Değirmenci, Nülüfer Erbil","doi":"10.1177/02601060251380475","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060251380475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPremenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a prevalent condition that impairs quality of life and daily functioning in young women, particularly university students.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of targeted nutrition education on PMS severity, nutrient intake, and anthropometric measures.MethodsEighty-three nursing students diagnosed with PMS (PMSS ≥111) were randomized into intervention (<i>n</i> = 43) and control (<i>n</i> = 40) groups. The intervention group received a 1-h nutrition education session, supported by follow-up emails at 30 and 60 days. PMS severity, dietary intake, and anthropometric data were collected at baseline and 4 months post-intervention.ResultsNutrition education led to significant improvements in the intervention group. PMSS total scores decreased by 27.5 points (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with notable reductions across subscales such as depressive feelings, anxiety, irritability, depressive thoughts, appetite changes, and sleep disturbances. Concurrently, body weight (-1.2 kg; <i>p</i> < 0.05), BMI (-0.5 kg/m²; <i>p</i> < 0.05), waist circumference (-2.1 cm; <i>p</i> < 0.05), and hip circumference (-1.5 cm; <i>p</i> < 0.05) significantly declined. Nutrient intake improved significantly, with increases in protein (+11.4 g/day), vitamin B2 (+0.3 mg/day), calcium (+184.3 mg/day), iron (+1.1 mg/day), and zinc (+0.6 mg/day) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the control group.ConclusionsEven a short-duration nutrition education intervention can substantially reduce PMS severity, improve dietary habits, and promote healthier body composition. These findings support incorporating nutrition counseling into PMS management as an effective, low-cost, non-pharmacological intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"1551-1563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}