Nutrition and health最新文献

{"title":"Bridging the divide: Reforming nutrition education to balance clinical and community competencies in low- and middle-income countries.","authors":"Nauman Khalid","doi":"10.1177/02601060261499359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060261499359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"2601060261499359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home meal replacement consumption as a convenience-oriented eating pattern and its association with eating-related health risk behaviors among college students: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Soo Jin Lee, Haemi Jun, Hyeeun Park, Seungha Shin, Sheida Zerattalab-Motlagh, Craig A Johnston, Cynthia Yursun Yoon","doi":"10.1177/02601060261499551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060261499551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundHome meal replacement (HMR) products, a common form of convenience-oriented meals, are widely consumed among college students and may influence dietary quality and eating patterns. However, their potential associations with disordered eating attitudes and behaviors (DEABs) remain unclear.AimTo examine associations between the type and frequency of HMR consumption (RTE, RTH, and RTC) and DEABs among college students.MethodsData were obtained from 500 U.S. college students in a cross-sectional study conducted in 2025 (mean age = 21.6 ± 2.3 years; 61.2% female; 23.2% White, 31.8% African American, 24.6% Hispanic, 13.6% Asian American, 6.8% mixed/other). Independent variables included use and frequency of RTE, RTH, and RTC meals. Outcomes included DEABs (overeating, binge eating, unhealthy weight control behaviors, and weight/shape concerns), assessed using the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-5. Modified Poisson regression models estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for demographic characteristics and body mass index.ResultsOverall, 95.4% of participants reported HMR consumption, including 87.8% for RTE, 80.9% for RTH, and 78.8% for RTC. RTH consumption was associated with a higher prevalence of overeating (aPR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.05-2.02), while RTC consumption was associated with binge eating (aPR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.13-3.02). RTE consumption showed nonsignificant positive trends with several DEABs (aPR range = 1.26-1.44). Frequency of HMR consumption was not consistently associated with DEABs, and no clear dose-response patterns emerged, suggesting that type rather than frequency may be more relevant.ConclusionHMR consumption was associated with selected DEABs, with variation by meal type. Convenience-oriented meal use may represent a modifiable behavioral factor that may inform targeted nutrition and behavioral interventions in college populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"2601060261499551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alignment of large language model-generated meal plans with national nutrient reference values: A comparative analysis of five models.","authors":"Mücahit Muslu, Kevser Karlı, Sude Naz Çelik","doi":"10.1177/02601060261499542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060261499542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundLarge language models (LLMs) increasingly generate dietary advice, but their alignment with country-specific nutritional guidance remains uncertain.AimTo descriptively evaluate the alignment of the first seven-day meal plans generated by five publicly accessible LLMs with the Türkiye Dietary Guidelines (TÜBER) 2022 reference values for a 2000-kcal diet.MethodsGPT-5.3 (ChatGPT), Gemini 2.5 Flash, Grok 4.2, the default free-web Microsoft Copilot model, and DeepSeek-V3 received an identical Turkish-language prompt describing a standardized healthy adult. Each model's first seven-day plan was analysed using nutrition analysis software. Percentage deviations from TÜBER references, Dietary Diversity Score and Food Variety Score were calculated and evaluated descriptively.SummaryAll plans had high dietary diversity. Mean energy ranged from 1378 to 1696 kcal/day, below the 2002-kcal reference. Fibre ranged from 23.3 to 33.5 g/day versus the 35-g reference, and riboflavin ranged from 1.43 to 2.19 mg/day versus 2.4 mg. Sodium ranged from 1759 to 2938 mg/day, exceeding the 1549-mg reference, whereas calcium ranged from 712 to 1032 mg/day versus 1284 mg. Deviations varied across plans, and no model was consistently closest to the references across all nutritional components. High dietary diversity did not ensure alignment with national nutrient reference values. LLM-generated meal plans require verification against national guidance and professional review before individualized use.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"2601060261499542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between fast-food consumption and academic achievement in school-aged children and adolescents: A systematic literature review.","authors":"Narendra Sookram, Tiffany Cao, Linda Rothman, Jessica Omand","doi":"10.1177/02601060261496970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060261496970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundNutrition plays an important role in brain development and cognitive function. Despite the poor nutritional quality of fast food, consumption is high among children and adolescents.AimTo systematically synthesize and evaluate the evidence on the direction of the association between fast-food consumption and academic achievement among school-aged children and adolescents in Anglosphere countries.MethodsFive electronic databases (CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched from inception to June 2025. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias using JBI critical appraisal tools, and evaluated the certainty of the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Eligible studies included children and adolescents aged 4 to 18 years from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, or the United States that examined the association between fast-food consumption and academic achievement. The direction of the association across studies was assessed using vote counting and a binomial sign test.SummaryEleven observational studies met the inclusion criteria. All reported a negative direction of association between fast-food consumption and academic achievement, although some associations were not statistically significant. The binomial sign test supported this overall direction; however, statistical power was limited by the small number of studies. The overall certainty of the evidence was rated as very low due to serious concerns regarding risk of bias and imprecision. The preliminary evidence suggests a potential negative direction of association between fast-food consumption and academic achievement among children and adolescents, but higher-quality primary research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"2601060261496970"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking obesity and type 2 diabetes: Mechanistic insights and personalized nutritional strategies.","authors":"Muskan Banu, Purna Sudha Bindu Ambaru","doi":"10.1177/02601060261496967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060261496967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundGlobally, the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity is increasing at an alarming rate, with the World Health Organization reporting a sharp rise in both conditions over the past two decades. The emerging concept of \"diabesity\" underscores the close interconnection between excessive weight gain and the development of T2DM, together posing a major global public health challenge. Obesity directly and indirectly contributes to chronic diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and certain cancers. Obese individuals show altered levels of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein, and this inflammation from visceral adiposity promotes insulin resistance, a key mechanism in T2DM development.AimThis narrative review aims to: (1) explore the pathophysiological mechanisms linking obesity to T2DM, with an emphasis on adipose tissue dysfunction, chronic low-grade inflammation, and insulin resistance; and (2) critically evaluate the potential of personalized nutrition-tailored dietary and lifestyle interventions based on an individual's metabolic, genetic, and lifestyle profile as a preventive strategy against diabesity.MethodsTo provide a comprehensive grasp of the subject, pertinent research on obesity, T2DM mechanisms, and personalized dietary approaches was found, examined, and summarized.SummaryVisceral adiposity and other obesity-related metabolic abnormalities play an important role in insulin resistance, a significant underlying mechanism in the aetiology of type 2 diabetes. By transcending the \"one-size-fits-all\" paradigm, personalized nutrition facilitates more precise and sustainable prevention and management of diabesity. \"Personalized nutrition may transform diabetes management and prevention when incorporated into public health frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"2601060261496967"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and motivators for sustainable eating in the Czech Republic: A cross-sectional pilot survey.","authors":"Anna Horňáková, Karolína Hrubešová, Eva Kudlová","doi":"10.1177/02601060261497470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060261497470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundSustainable healthy diets benefit human and planetary health, but evidence on self-reported awareness and dietary practices rema<i>ins limited in Central and Eastern Europe.</i><i>Aim</i><i>To explore self-reported awareness</i> and adherence, perceived barriers, and motivators related to sustainable eating among adults in the Czech Republic.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey (<i>n</i> = 192) was conducted from March to July 2025 using non-probability purposive and snowball sampling. The questionnaire addressed awareness, dietary behaviours, information sources, barriers, and facilitators. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and exploratory chi-square, Mann-Whitney <i>U</i>, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Open-ended responses were reviewed descriptively; no formal qualitative analysis was conducted.SummarySeventy-one per cent reported familiarity with sustainable healthy diets, while median self-rated adherence was 5/10. The most frequently recognised principles were food waste reduction (74%) and consumption of local and seasonal products (72%). Major barriers were food cost (67%), lack of motivation (52%), and insufficient information (34%); key motivators were affordability (63%) and simple recipes (53%). Only 16% perceived school-based nutrition education as sufficient, 5% regularly used nutrition-related mobile applications, and 40% would attend a free course. This pilot study suggests a possible discrepancy between self-reported awareness and adherence among Czech respondents. Affordability, practical information, and nutrition education warrant further investigation. Given the exploratory design and non-representative sample, findings should be interpreted cautiously and used primarily to inform future research and evaluation of context-sensitive public health approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"2601060261497470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of beetroot juice ingestion on upper- and lower-body muscular endurance in resistance-trained females: A randomized, double-blind, crossover study.","authors":"Rafael Correa Teodoro, Miller Pereira Guimarães, Francisco De Assis Manoel, Sandro Fernandes Silva, Wilson César De Abreu","doi":"10.1177/02601060261497497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060261497497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundNitrate-rich beetroot juice offers potential ergogenic effects in resistance training. However, existing literature overwhelmingly focuses on males, leaving a significant gap regarding female responses.AimThis study evaluated acute effects of inorganic nitrate (NO₃^-) supplementation on resistance exercise performance to failure in recreationally trained females.MethodsIn a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, sixteen females (27 ± 4.7 years; one repetition maximum [1RM] bench press: 31.4 ± 6.5 kg; 1RM leg press: 198.6 ± 44.0 kg) performed four sets of bench press and 45° leg press to concentric failure at 60% of 1RM (2-min rest intervals) following the ingestion of nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BEET It Sport^®: 12.8 mmol NO₃^-), a placebo drink (0.92 mmol NO₃^-), or nothing (control) 2.5 h before exercise.ResultsNitrate-rich beetroot juice ingestion had no effect on performance in either the upper-body (bench press total repetitions: Control: 55.6 ± 9.7 reps; Placebo: 58.9 ± 13.0 reps; Nitrate: 56.0 ± 14.0 reps, <i>p</i> = 0.785, ηp² = 0.003) or lower-body (leg press total repetitions: Control: 82.6 ± 36.0 reps; Placebo: 80.4 ± 37.0 reps; Nitrate: 79.3 ± 30.0 reps, <i>p</i> = 0.945, ηp² = 0.001) exercises in resistance-trained females. There were also no effects of nitrate on rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, blood pressure, or lactate compared to placebo (<i>p</i> > 0.05).SummaryAcute NO₃^- supplementation did not alter performance or modulate the physiological response to resistance exercise in recreationally trained females. These results suggest that the ergogenic potential of NO₃^- may be limited in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"2601060261497497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and preliminary methodological evaluation of a micronutrient food exchange framework for Qatari composite dishes.","authors":"Reema Tayyem, Safa Abdul Majeed, Maya Bassil","doi":"10.1177/02601060261492168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060261492168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundMicronutrient inadequacy remains a public health concern, highlighting the need for practical dietary tools that support adequate intake of key nutrients such as calcium, iron, and potassium.AimThis study aimed to develop and preliminarily evaluate a culturally tailored micronutrient food exchange list (FEL) for calcium, iron, and potassium.MethodsA structured, multi-phase development and methodological evaluation approach was used. Eighty-three culturally relevant composite dishes were selected using national intake data, cultural significance, and accessibility. Exchange values were based on the nutrient adequacy ratio, with full and half exchanges defined as 10% and 5% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), respectively. A predefined ±30% relative tolerance, adapted from coefficient of variation-based criteria used in previous FEL development, was applied as an operational rather than empirically derived grouping criterion. It was used uniformly for classification consistency, although nutrient-specific validation remains necessary. Half-exchange ranges were 36 to 84 mg for calcium, 0.2 to 0.5 mg for iron, and 90 to 210 mg for potassium; full-exchange ranges were 84 to 156 mg, 0.5 to 1.04 mg, and 210 to 390 mg, respectively.SummaryFEL-derived and food composition table estimates were significantly associated for all three micronutrients. In a simulated iron-rich pregnancy meal plan, the FEL provided 138% of the calcium RDA, 129% of the potassium RDA, and 81% of the pregnancy iron RDA. Differences between FEL and food composition table estimates ranged from 5% to 13%, supporting preliminary methodological performance. The FEL supports culturally tailored micronutrient planning in Qatar and the Gulf Cooperation Council, but adaptation to other settings requires local recipe standardization, nutrient recalculation, usability assessment, and external population-specific validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"2601060261492168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149171969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivated meat at industrial scale: Hygiene, externalized burdens, and the social conditions of meat wholesomeness.","authors":"Andrea Tomassi, Andrea Falegnami, Chiara Tomassi, Maria Carla Ciacchella","doi":"10.1177/02601060261497457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060261497457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This commentary asks whether industrial-scale cultivated meat can function as a controllable meat production platform that reduces the ecological, sanitary, and social burdens displaced by intensive livestock. The question is whether cultivated meat can improve the conditions that produce meat wholesomeness, safety, and acceptability. Intensive livestock is not only an emissions and land use issue. It is also a production system that concentrates animal suffering, microbial risk, hazardous labor, and unequal exposure among workers and communities, while tying animal protein to practices many ethically motivated consumers reject. Cultivated meat proposes an industrial architecture based on cell culture, closed process control, and batch-level traceability. Its main advantages are stronger hygienic control, reduced dependence on slaughter, and broader inclusion for consumers unwilling to eat conventional meat. Major constraints remain, including energy demand, culture media, scale-up, ownership concentration, price, and consumer trust. Its relevance to meat science depends on translating tighter control into gains in wholesomeness, consistency, and justice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"2601060261497457"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of Red Bull energy drink on strength, power, and jump performance in female volleyball players: A randomized cross-over trial.","authors":"Helena Estella Harrisová, Petr Bahenský, Tomáš Mrkvička, Miroslav Krajcigr, David Marko, Gustav Bago, Ladislav Čepička","doi":"10.1177/02601060261497483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060261497483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundRed Bull (RB) is widely consumed by athletes in an effort to enhance performance through its stimulant content, primarily caffeine and taurine. Although its potential ergogenic effects have been studied, evidence regarding the impact of commercially available servings of RB on short-term anaerobic performance remains inconsistent.AimThis study examined whether acute ingestion of a standard commercially available serving of RB influences anaerobic power, handgrip strength, and jumping ability in female sub-elite volleyball players.MethodsFifteen female sub-elite volleyball players (mean age 21.3 ± 2.4 years) participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Each athlete completed three physical tests (Wingate anaerobic test, jump test, and handgrip strength test) on two occasions, separated by 1 week, after consuming either RB or a placebo designed to mimic its taste and appearance. Participants ingested 250.7 ± 28.2 mL of RB, providing 80.3 ± 9.0 mg of caffeine (1.143 mg·kg^-1). Performance testing began 33 min after ingestion. Performance outcomes were compared between conditions using paired t-tests.SummaryNone of the 13 measured performance variables showed statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between RB and placebo trials. Eight participants reported mild nausea following RB consumption. Under the conditions of this study, consumption of a standard commercially available serving of RB (∼1.143 mg·kg^-1 caffeine) did not produce measurable improvements in anaerobic performance, handgrip strength, or jump ability, suggesting that a single serving does not confer meaningful performance benefits for short-duration, high-intensity exercise in female sub-elite volleyball players.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":" ","pages":"2601060261497483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149171959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}